Analysis

( )

()

Analysis Manual

(Nonlinear Explicit Analysis)

.
(Drop), (Crash), (Impact) .
(Implicit) (Explicit)
.

.

.
,
.
. midas NFX
(Designer) .
7.7.1

(Implicit) (Explicit)

(Implicit)

(Explicit)

.
2

Analysis

(Explicit)
.
&&(t ) + Bu& (t ) + Ku (t ) = P (t )
Mu

(7.7.1)

,
.

. (Direct
Integration Method) , midas NFX (Explicit)
.
.
.
&&(t ) + Ku (t ) = P (t )
Mu

(7.7.2)

(Central Difference Method)

. t
(Finite difference Expression) .

u& i =

ui =

ui +1 - ui -1

(7.7.3)

2 ( t )
u& i +1 - u& i -1

(7.7.4)

2 ( t )

&&i =
u

ui +1 - 2 ui + ui -1

( t )

(7.7.5)

Analysis Manual

.
&&i ( t )
ui + 1 = 2 u i - ui - 1 + u

(7.7.6)

(7.7.2) .

&&i = M
u

-1

(P

- Kui )

(7.7.7)

&&i
ui +1 (7.7.6) , u
(7.7.7) .
Mui + 1 = ( t ) Pi + [2 M - ( t ) K ]ui - Mui - 1
2

(7.7.8)

&&i +1 ui -1 .
ui +1 , u& i +1 , u

ui -1 = ui - ( t ) u& i +

( t )
2

&&i
u

(7.7.9)

7.7.1 .

.
.

Analysis

: u0 , u& 0
: Pi ( t )

: t

( 7.6.7 )
&&0 = M -1 ( P0 - Ku0 )
u

u -1 ( 7.6.9 )
u-1 = u0 - ( t ) u& 0 +

( t )

&&0
u

u1 ( 7.6.8 )
Mu1 = ( t ) P0 + [2 M - ( t ) K ]u0 - Mu-1
2

u 2 ( 7.6.8 )

Mu2 = ( t ) P1 + [2 M - ( t ) K ]u1 - Mu0

2

u&&1 ( 7.6.7 )
&&1 = M -1 ( P1 - Ku1 )
u

( t )
, ,

u&1 ( 7.6.3 )

u& 1 =

u2 - u0
2 ( t )

7.7.1 (Explicit)

Analysis Manual

( t )
(Explicit) ( t )
.
.
(Stability)
. midas NFX (Designer)
.
midas NFX (Designer) ( t )
.

(7.7.10)

t = 0.85t cr

t cr

t cr =

, Dtcr

( )

max

2
max

1+ -
2

) ( )

(7.7.11)
(7.7.12)

: (Critical Time Step)

wmax

(Critical Time Step) wmax

.
1) 1
1 .
max = 2

c=

(7.7.13)

(Wave propagation velocity)

(7.7.14)

Analysis

t cr =

, Dtcr

2
max

(7.7.15)

: (Critical Time Step)

wmax

: Wave Propagation Velocity

: 1 ( 1 )

2) 2
2 7.7.15 .
, 2 1 3 4
, ( l )
Wave Propagation Velocity( c ) .

l=

l=

c=

A
max( L1 , L2 , L3 , L4 )
2A
max( L1 , L2 , L3 )

1-

, c

( )

(7.7.16)

( )

(7.7.17)

(Wave propagation velocity)

(7.7.18)

: Wave Propagation Velocity

L1 , L2 , L3 , L4

: 2

L4

L3
(A)

L1

L2

Analysis Manual

3) 3
3 7.7.15
( l ) Wave Propagation Velocity( c )
.

l=

c=

, c

V
max( A1 , A2 , A3 , A4 , A5 , A6 )

1-

( )

(7.7.19)

(Wave propagation velocity)

(7.7.20)

: Wave Propagation Velocity

(A3)

(A2)
(A1)

A1 , A2 , A3 , A4 , A5 , A6 : 2

. midas NFX (Designer)
.
.
,
.
.

Analysis

1 :
CAD (Pre-processor)

2 :

3 :



(Mass Density)

4 :

5 :
, ,


Mass Scaling

6 :
, , ,

Analysis Manual

. midas NFX (Designer)

.
7.7.2

Midas NFX
(Analyst)

, , ,

Midas NFX
(Designer)

1)
midas NFX (Analyst) 4
.
7.7.3

(Analysis > Dynamic Load )

Time Dependent Nodal Force

Time Dependent Nodal Displacement

Time Dependent Nodal Velocity

Time Dependent Nodal Acceleration

midas NFX (Designer) 2

.
10

Analysis

7.7.4

( > )

2) ,
midas NFX (Analyst) ,
Analysis > Dynamic Load > Time Dependency of Static Load

.

(, )
.
midas NFX (Designer) ,
>
.

11

Analysis Manual

3)
midas NFX (Analyst)
. Analysis > Function > Time Dependent
Fuction .

7.7.2

midas NFX (Designer)

. ,
. , > >
,

12

Analysis

7.7.3

midas NFX (Designer)

. ,
.
Value 1 1
, 2 2 2
. Value
.

13

Analysis Manual

.
,

.
, ()
.

(a)

(b)

7.7.4

(Critical Damping) (
, UnderDamped) (, Overdamped)
, 1.0 ,
. () (Ccr)
(C) (C/Ccr). (
), 10% .
,
.
7.7.5

14

( )

<1%

3% ~ 7%

1% ~ 2%

2% ~ 3%

Analysis

~5%

2% ~ 5%

4% ~ 7%

midas NFX , , (Rayleigh) ,

.

. midas NFX (Designer) Bush
Damper . Mesh > Element > Create
, Analysis > Property .
midas NFX (Designer) .

.
2 , .
, .
midas NFX (Analysis Control)
. ,
. (Analysis Control)
. midas NFX (Designer)
.
1)
midas NFX (Analyst)
(Analysis Control) Dynamic
Damping Definition .
Uniform Structural Damping Coeff. Dominant Freq. for Global
Damping Matrix .
Uniform Structral Damping Coeff. 2
, Dominant Freq. for Global Damping Matrix .

15

Analysis Manual

,
.

2
(5% 0.1)

7.7.5

midas NFX (Designer)

(Analysis Control)
.

.
2
, .

16

Analysis

,
.

2
(5% 0.1)

7.7.6

2)
midas NFX (Analyst)
,
. Dominant Freq. for
Structral Damping Matrix .

17

Analysis Manual

2
(5% 0.1)

7.7.7

(Rayleigh)
, M
, B , K .
&&(t ) + Cu& (t ) + Ku(t ) = p(t )
Mu

, M

u(t ) , u& (t ) , u&&(t )

: , ,

p (t )

(7.7.21)

(Rayleigh) (Mass Matrix)

(Stiffness Matrix) 7.1.1 .

C = M + K

(7.7.22)

(Rayleigh)
18

Analysis

.
=

(7.7.23)

(Rayleigh) ( )

( ) , ,
.

.
. ( )
.

x=

a
,
2w

, x

C = a M = 2xw M = 4p f x M

(7.7.24)

, (
)
.

x=

b w
,
2

C = bK =

x
2x
K=
K
w
pf

(7.7.25)

.

.

19

Analysis Manual

midas NFX (Analyst) (Rayleigh)

. (Rayleigh)
,

.
(Rayleigh)
.

7.7.8

midas NFX (Designer) .

20

Analysis

(General Contact),

(Welded/Bonded

Contact),

(Sliding

Contact) , (Rough Contact)

. , (Connectivity)
(Weld) .

7.7.6

Normal
Direction

General

Weld

Tangential

Direction

( )

Bi-directional
Sliding

Rough

( )

21

Analysis Manual

(Contact Type)
(Contact Pair).
Midas NFX .

. (Solver)
.

.
,
. Midas
NFX
.

.
Analysis >> Contact >> Manual Contact Pair
Name

- (surface to surface contact), - (node to

surface contact), - (edge to edge contact)

(Contact Pair)

(master) (slave)

,
,
,

22

Analysis

7.7.9

.
Analysis >> Analysis Case
Analysis Case Manager Add Modify
Add/Modify Analysis Case Analysis Control
Analysis Control Contact
(Penetration Type)


Add

23

Analysis Manual

7.7.10

,
.
,
(Analysis Control) .

,
.
.
.

midas NFX (Designer)

, .

24

Analysis

( )

7.7.11 midas NFX (Analyst)

( )

7.7.12 midas NFX (Designer)

25

Analysis Manual

1)
midas NFX (Analyst)
(Analysis Control)Dynamic Analysis Time and Output
Frequency .
Time Duration
. 1
Time Duration 0.1 0.1 .
(Crash) (Impact) .
Intermediate Output Request .
(Number of Outputs) (Time
Intervals) .
.

, .
7.7.13 .

10~100
, 1,000~100,000
.
midas NFX (Designer)
(Analysis Control)
.

. 1
0.1 0.1 . (Crash)
(Impact) .
.
.
.

,
. 7.7.13
.

10~100 ,
26

Analysis

1,000~100,000 .
0.06

=100
=1,000

0.05

Displacement

0.04

0.03

0.02

0.01

0
0

0.5

1.5

2.5

Time(sec)

7.7.13

2)
.
.
3)
midas NFX (Analyst)
Initial Velocity Analysis > Dynamic Load > Initial Nodal Velocity
.
.
midas NFX (Designer) > >
.
4) Mass Scaling ( )
( , ,
) .
27

Analysis Manual

, .
.

l1

l2

l3

t = 0.85t cr = 0.85

l min
c

c=

l2
c

(7.7.26)

(7.7.27)

(1 - v)

,
. , c
, .
.
,
.

t
l

( t

specified

specified

i =

(1 - v) i
2

li 1 - v

(7.7.28)

(7.7.29)

midas NFX (Analyst) Mass Scaling

(Analysis Control) Mass Scaling .
Mass Scaling 2 .
28

Analysis

Scale Mass by Constant Factor ,

Sacle Mass to Target Time Step .
midas NFX (Designer)
(Analysis Control) .
midas NFX (Designer)
.
1) Scale Mass By Constant Factor of ( )

. .
midas NFX (Analyst)

Mass Scaling

7.7.14 Mass Scaling

29

Analysis Manual

midas NFX (Designer)

7.7.15 Mass Scaling

2) Scale Mass to Target Time Step of

.


.
. midas NFX (Desinger) .

30

Analysis

Mass Scaling

Mass Scaling

1. Use Uniform Scale Factor

2. Only Adjust Elements with Smaller Time
Step than Target

Mass
Scaling
3. Rescale Mass During Analysis


Mass Scaling
Mass Scaling

7.7.16 Mass Scaling

, ,

, ,

,

. midas NFX (Designer)
31

Analysis Manual

Result > Extract Result .

.

32