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Tai Lieu Hoc Tap PSS-ADEPT - 002 PDF
Tai Lieu Hoc Tap PSS-ADEPT - 002 PDF
Thi gian tc ng (Time : tung tren giy v log_log) tnh theo n v giy)
Mi c tuyn ca relay s gm mt s record (mi record gm 4 field nh
trn ). Mi record c 4 field bao gm m s relay, time_dial v cc cp gi tr honh
, tung xc nh v tr ca c tuyn trn giy v log_log . V d sau cho c
tuyn c gi tr Time_dial l 7 ca relay mang m hiu SEL351_U3 (c tuyn
Very INVERSE) do hng Schweitzer sn xut.
RelayCurve
DevId
Time-Dial
Time
Current
SEL351-U3
25.6024
1.5
SEL351-U3
11.11706667
SEL351-U3
6.682780952
2.5
SEL351-U3
4.6504
SEL351-U3
3.529511111
3.5
SEL351-U3
2.839733333
SEL351-U3
2.382867532
4.5
SEL351-U3
2.063733333
SEL351-U3
1.657257143
SEL351-U3
1.417066667
SEL351-U3
1.263098413
SEL351-U3
1.1584
SEL351-U3
1.083935354
10
SEL351-U3
0.908971429
15
SEL351-U3
0.848194486
20
SEL351-U3
0.82014359
25
SEL351-U3
0.804927253
30
44
Mi trng dp h quang
Mc xung c bn (BIL: basic Impulse level)
Dng in nh mc ln nht cho php
S catalogue do nh sn xut qui nh (khng cn thit)
M s b iu khin in t (i vi b iu khin ca recloser in t)
bng bn di gc tri cho bit cc thng tin v nh mc ca recloser bao
gm cc field sau:
Dng in nh mc cun dy iu khin (i vi recloser thy lc)
Ngng tc ng s c nh nht. (i vi recloser in t field ny s c
nhiu gi tr cho ngi dng lc chn, khi h s nhn trc ngang cp di
cng phi thay i tng ng)
in p hot ng
Dng in s c nh mc cho php
M s c tuyn s dng (dng tham chiu n cc c tuyn c trong
bng c tuyn) thng chnh l tn ca loi recloser ang xt.
H s nhn trc ngang ca c tuyn. (c tuyn ca recloser c xy dng
vi 1 ngng tc ng s c nht nh khi s dng recloser ngng tc ng s
c khc cn phi c h s nhn trc ngang hiu chnh c tuyn)
Bng bn di gc phi l bng c tuyn ca recloser gm 4 field nh sau
(mt bng chung cho tt c cc recloser ):
M s c tuyn (CURVE_PTR) cho php tham chiu n c tuynkhi
c chn bng nh mc trn
Tn loi c tuyn (CURVE_SET_TYPE) ch c th tn ca loi c tuyn
ca recloser (mi recloser c th c nhiu c tuyn khc nhau)
Gi tr dng in (X: honh trn giy v log_log) tng ng l thi gian tc
ng (Y : tung tren giy v log_log)
Mi c tuyn ca recloser s gm mt s record (mi record gm 4 field nh
trn ). Mi record c 4 field bao gm m s c tuyn, tn loi c tuyn v cc cp
gi tr honh , tung xc nh v tr ca c tuyn trn giy v log_log . V d
sau cho c tuyn A ca recloser C4H ca hng Cooper
46
RecloserCurve
CURVE_PTR
CURVE_SET_TYPE
REC4H
10
0.61
REC4H
12.32
0.339
REC4H
14.99
0.217
REC4H
17.58
0.16
REC4H
19.84
0.132
REC4H
22.34
0.111
REC4H
24.87
0.096
REC4H
29.76
0.078
REC4H
34.72
0.068
REC4H
40.05
0.06
REC4H
44.96
0.055
REC4H
49.74
0.052
Ht chng !
48
CHNG 3:
BIU DIN, PHN TCH V
NH GI D LIU
H TR RA QUYT NH
CHNG 3:
BIU DIN, PHN TCH V NH GI KT
QU PHN TCH H TR RA QUYT NH
Trong mi t chc, mi nh qun l u cn c thng tin vch k hoch, t
chc, bo m thc hin chc nng ca mnh: Ch huy v kim sot. Hiu qu
ca qun l lin quan cht ch ti s lng v cht lng ca thng tin m ngi
qun l nhn c. Nhng lung thng tin lun chuyn trong h thng lin lc ca
t chc. Chng khng ch chuyn giao cc phn t cn thit cho vic ra quyt nh
m cn phi iu phi cc hot ng ca cc c nhn trong t chc iu ha
hp l vi cc mc ch ca t chc. Thng tin c xem l thng tin qun l nu
c nh qun l cn hoc mun s dng thc hin tt chc nng ca h.
H thng thng tin qun l ca in lc hin nay lun c EVN u t pht
trin nh cc chng trnh CMIS FMIS v c phn mm PSS/ADEPT.
Vi phn mm PSS/ADEPT, ta d dng thc hin cc thao tc biu din, phn
tch v nh gi cc kt qu phn tch li in t phn mm. Vi cc thng tin ny
gip chng ta qun l v ra quyt nh trong qu trnh cng tc. Cc kt qu tnh
ton ca phn mm, gip phn tch, lp k hoch, qun l v ra quyt nh.
H quyt nh: Thc hin cc tc v qun l a ra cc quyt nh chin lc,
chin thut trong thi gian ngn hn hoc di hn.
H tc nghip: Gm cc hot ng thc hin cc cng vic c tnh cnh tranh
mc tiu xc nh bi h quyt nh.
H thng tin: Thc hin vic lin h gia 2 h bo m cho chng vn hnh
n v t cc mc tiu ra.
Bng cc minh ho c th c trnh by trong chng, hy vng s gip cho
cc qu trnh ny din ra hiu qu v nhanh chng.
50
I. Biu din
I.1. Xem cc chiu phn b cng sut
Ta c th xem cc chiu phn b cng sut (dng chy) ngay trc tip trn s
sau khi thc hin gii bi ton phn b cng sut. Chiu phn b ca cng sut
th hin cho c 2 thnh phn: thnh phn cng sut thc (P) v cng sut khng (Q).
Mu sc hin th ca cc thnh phn cng sut c th c chn la sau cho ph
hp nht trn tng s tnh ton. thc hin vic ny, ta thc hin nh sau:
- M mt s li in
- Chy bi ton phn b cng sut. Kt qu chy bi ton phn b cng sut
nh sau:
Hnh 1 M s hin hu
51
52
53
54
55
56
Hnh 9 Xem th in p
Hnh 10 th in p nt c chn
57
III. nh gi
Sau y minh ho kh nng s dng phn mm nh gi hiu qu cc bi
ton phn tch trc v sau ci to nng cp li in.
i tng nh gi y l mt tuyn dy trung th thuc in lc H Ni.
Bi ton phn tch nhm th hin tnh hiu qu t c khi lp cc gin t b
trn li.
M hnh tnh ton ca tuyn dy trung th thuc in lc H Ni xy dng
trn phn mm PSS/ADEPT nh sau:
58
Hnh 12 M li in c sn
59
60
Vng in p
cao (mu xanh
dng)
Vng in p
thp (mu )
61
V tr b 1
V tr b 4
V tr b 2
V tr b 3
Kt qu chy bi
ton CAPO
62
Ton b
tuyn dy c
in p t
yu cu (in
p cao-mu
xanh dng)
63
Phn u tuyn
dy:Vng in p
cao (mu xanh
dng)
V tr b 1
Phn u tuyn
dy:Vng in p
cao (mu xanh
dng)
V tr b 2
V tr b 1
65
V tr b 2
Phn u tuyn
dy:Vng in p
cao (mu xanh
dng)
Phn sau tuyn
dy:Vng in p
thp (mu )
66
V tr b 1
Updating network..
67
Updating network...
68
Li in h th
c v thm vo 1
nt trung th
69
Hnh 27 Giao din chng trnh tnh Tnh ton tng tr my bin th
Ht chng !
70
CHNG 4:
C KT KINH NGHIM P
DNG TI MT S LI
IN CA CC IN LC
KHU VC
CHNG 4:
C KT KINH NGHIM P DNG TI MT
S LI IN CA CC IN LC KHU VC
Hin nay, cc n v in lc khu vc trong cc Cng ty in lc cha c
phn mm mnh tnh ton cc thng s li phc v cc cng tc ca n v.
Chng hn nh: Cc n v ang s dng cc chng trnh theo di mt in,
thng k s v, thi gian mt in nhng cha p dng cc ch s c th nh
gi tin cy cung cp in ca li in. Cc cng ty in lc trn th gii
thng xy dng mt s ch s nh lng c th nh gi. Cc thng s bo co
nh bnh qun khch hng khu vc sinh hot b mt in 3 v/nm, 120 pht/nm,
... s c th, d hiu, d nh gi hn.
Trc bi cnh nh vy, i vi cc Cng ty in lc ang t ra mt s yu
cu sau:
Cc n v qun l li in cn h thng ho, chun ho kin thc p dng
tnh ton v in trong cc hot ng ca Cng ty nht l cng tc qun l k thut
vn hnh li in. u tin l cc bi ton: phn b cng sut trn li, ngn
mch, b cng sut phn khng, tin cy,l cc vn m cc n v cn gii
quyt hng ngy, thm ch hng gi. Thng tin chi tit v s dng phn mm tnh
ton k thut in chuyn ngnh nh PSS/U, PSS/ADEPT, PSS/E.
Trang b kin thc CNTT ni chung v phn mm tnh ton k thut chuyn
ngnh in ni ring cho cc n vi trc thuc trong cc Cng ty in lc. c
th nh gi, theo di v gim st hiu qu cng tc pht trin xy dng mi, i tu
ci to, qun l k thut v vn hnh li in ca cc n v da vo cng c hiu
qu l phn mm tnh ton k thut in PSS/ADEPT.
Trc cc hiu qu tt p do cc phn mm em li, cc Cng ty in lc s
trang b phn mm PSS/ADEPT cho cc n v trc thuc.
Tuy nhin cc Cng ty in lc cn tham kho thm cc kinh nghim p dng
ca cc n v bn trc khi mua cc phn mm ny. Sau y trnh by cc kinh
nghim c kt t qu trnh p dng ca cc n v.
72
I. Tng kt p dng
I.1. Chc nng tnh ton
Phn mm PSS/ADEPT cung cp u cc chc nng tnh ton ton phn
tch li in hin nay.
Cc n v nm vng v s dng thnh tho phn mm PSS/ADEPT bao
gm:
(bn ) v s nguyn l.
Khi p dng cho bi ton vn hnh li in hin hu, cng vic cp nht li
in phi chnh xc ng vi thc t; i vi ng dy vn hnh lu nm, phi
c kinh nghim nh gi h s ng dy ng mi cho kt qu tnh ton ng
73
Nng cao hn tnh chnh xc ca chng trnh bng cch kim tra gi tr
in p ti cc nt cui ngun trn thc t, so snh vi gi tr chng trnh.
Kim tra chnh xc ca bi ton tnh ngn mch bng cch so snh vi
chng trnh tnh ngn mch caTrung Tm iu Thng Tin ti mt s
nt c trng. t c s chnh xc cho bi ton phi hp bo v.
74
75
Cc thng s khai bo tng tr ngun (trm trung gian) khi thc hin tnh
ton phi hp bo v li in cha c ch ng;
76
Ht chng !
77
CHNG 5:
QUN L V TNH TON
LI IN PHN PHI
TRN NN H THNG
THNG TIN A L
CHNG 5:
QUN L V TNH TON LI IN PHN
PHI TRN NN H THNG
THNG TIN A L
GIS-BASED DISTRIBUTION NETWOK ANALYSIS AND MANAGEMENT
79
Hnh 1. Lp d liu ri rc
80
Hnh 3: Kt hp d liu v bn i
81
82
Phn tnh ton ngn mch: chng trnh c kh nng tnh dng ngn mch,
dng xung kch ti tng nt trn tuyn dy theo ba loi ngn mch thng xy ra:
ngn mch mt pha chm t, ngn mch hai pha chm nhau v ngn mch ba pha.
+ Phn tnh ton phn b cng sut: chng trnh c th tnh c phn b
in p ca tt c cc nt trong tuyn, dng cng sut chy trn cc nhnh .
b.Khi cc chc nng qun l li in (Hnh 8): gm cc
chc nng thng k, tm kim v thng tin thit b.
Chc nng thng k: thng k v phn loi cc thit b c
trong tuyn.
83
III.3. Kt lun
T nhng kt qu nghin cu trn, c th rt ra kt lun l vic tch hp cc
tnh ton gii tch li in phn phi trn nn h thng GIS l vn c tnh thi
s v thc s mang li nhiu li ch i vi ngi qun l li in. Cc li ch trn
c th hin qua chng trnh PowerMap vi cc c im : giao din thn thin;
thut ton tnh ton n gin nhng vn bo m c mc chnh xc trong
khong cho php; kh nng thng k v qun l thit b linh hot; truy cp thng tin
nhanh, y , chnh xc...
85
86
Hnh 9: Kt qu tnh ton phn b cng sut tuyn dy Quc Ton trn
PSS/ADEPT.
Hnh 10: Kt qu tnh ton ngn mch tuyn dy Quc Ton trn PSS/ADEPT.
IV.2.3. Hin th kt qu tnh ton li in bng PSS/Adept trn bn
GIS.
Sau khi thc 2 chc nng tnh ton ca PSS/ADEPT cho tuyn dy Quc
Ton, s dng cc kt qu ny hin th trn bn a d trong chng trnh
PowerGIS.
87
Hnh 11: Kt qu tnh ton phn b cng sut tuyn dy Quc Ton trn
PSS/ADEPT hin th trn bn a d trong chng trnh PowerGIS.
Hnh 12: Kt qu tnh ton ngn mch tuyn dy Quc Ton trn PSS/ADEPT hin
th trn bn a d trong chng trnh PowerGIS.
Ht chng !
88
CHNG 6:
M PHNG VN HNH
LI IN
CHNG 6:
M PHNG VN HNH LI IN
Hin nay nc ta ang trn pht trin cng nghip ho hin i ho t
nc. Cung cp in nng c xem l mt trong nhng yu t then cht thc
y nn kinh t. Theo s liu thng k, khi GDP tng x% th nhu cu in nng tng
t (1.3 - 1.5)x%. Do vic pht trin ngun in cng nh li in mi lun
c xem l mt cch gii quyt lu di v em li hiu qu kinh t cao.
Cng tc vn hnh li in t cc chi tiu kinh t v tho mn cc iu
kin rng buc mang tnh k thut ca h thng l mt vn ht sc quan trng v
mang li tnh cnh tranh cao, trong bi cnh bt u xut hin cc li in hay
cc nh my in u t t ngun vn t nhn hay cc lin doanh gia Vit Nam
v i tc nc ngoi.
c mt quyt nh nhanh chng v chnh xc, ngi iu vin lun phi
tp trung cao trong cc tnh hung thay i ca ph ti, trng thi li in,
my bin p hay tnh trng ca nh my in.
Do cn c s tp trung cao, vn sc khe, tm l ca iu vin nh
hng ln n tnh chnh xc v nhanh chng trong quyt nh ca h.
Hn na i vi h thng ln, gii quyt tt cc tnh hung phc tp, trnh
mt an ninh trong ton li in cn phi c kin hi chn ca cc iu vin
kinh nghim v chuyn gia v h thng trong qu trnh tp hun.
tr gip cc iu vin ra quyt nh v gii quyt cc bi ton vn hnh
trong cc tnh hung phc tp, vic xy dng h chuyn gia vn hnh li in l
cn thit. Mc ch ca lun n l xy dng mt h chuyn gia vn hnh li in,
da trn cc kinh nghim tch ly ca cc iu vin lu nm v cc chuyn gia
hng u trong ngnh li in, sao cho t c mc ch chuyn ti in nng
v ra cc phng n vn hnh an ton h thng trong cc tnh hung s c.
Sau y minh ho mt chng trnh m phng vn hnh li in da trn h
chuyn gia. Chng trnh hot ng da vo tp lut c xy dng trn cc s
kin din ra trong qu trnh vn hnh li in phn phi
90
91
92
Hnh 2 :Thit b bo v
I.2.4. 4. Thit b ng ct :
Cc trng thi vn hnh. M hnh v minh ha thao tc bng hnh nh, m
thanh, phim.
Hnh 3 :Thit b ng ct
I.2.5. 5. Thit b b :
Cc gin t b c nh: Cc thng s k thut. Cc thng s ti v tr t. Cc
trng thi ng ct. Cc thng s vn hnh. M phng thao tc thc t ti cc v tr
t c th. Cc gin t b ng ng: Cc thng s k thut. Cc thng s ti v tr
t. Cc trng thi ng ct. Thng s vn hnh. Cc gi tr t hin hu v c th
thay i gi tr t hin hu. M phng thc t ti cc v tr t c th. .
93
95
Thao tc ng
96
Xem hnh v tr t c th
mt gin t b ng ng
trung th
97
Thao tc m
Thao tc ng
II.4.3. RECLOSER.
Thao tc ng
Thao tc m
98
Ta s c c cc thng s v RECLOSER:
Thng s vn hnh (Qua RECLOSE v tuyn y RECLOSER ng in vo)
Thng tin v v tr lp t.
Thay i thng s vn hnh khi thc hin thao tc RECLOSER (V tuyn y
RECLOSER ng in vo)
II.4.4. DS
Xem hnh v tr t c th
mt my ct t ng li
trung th
Thao tc ng
Thao tc m
99
Ta s c c cc thng s v DS:
Thng s vn hnh (Qua DS v tuyn y DS ng in vo)
Thng tin v v tr lp t.
Thay i thng s vn hnh khi thc hin thao tc DS (V tuyn y DS ng
in vo)
Xem tr gip ng cnh v DS:
II.4.5. 5. LBS
Ta s c c cc thng s v LBS :
Thng s vn hnh (Qua LBS v tuyn y LBS ng in vo)
100
Thng tin v v tr lp t.
Thay i thng s vn hnh khi thc hin thao tc LBS (V tuyn y LBS
ng in vo)
Xem hnh v tr t c th
mt LBS trung th
Thao tc m
Thao tc ng
101
102
103
Mun tnh ton ngn mch pha h th , click vo mc h th, chng trnh s
a ra giao din nh sau:
Mun thm, xa, tnh ton hoc thot, click vo cc mc tng ng.
Sau khi click vo mc tnh ton, chng trnh s a ra giao din kt qu nh
sau:
105
CHNG 7:
GII PHP CHIA S
KHA CNG PHN MM
TRN MY N CHO
NHIU NGI S DNG
CHNG 7:
GII PHP CHIA S KHA CNG PHN MM
TRN MY N CHO NHIU NGI S
DNG
Solution of sharing a hardlock fromsingle-user to
multi-users
Tm tt: Hin nay, cc hng sn xut phn mm thng s dng 2 phng
php bo v bn quyn: bo v trong phn mm (thng qua Serial Number) v
bo v bng phn cng (hardlock). a s cc phn mm k thut thng s dng
phng php bo v bn quyn bng kha cng, v d nh h phn mm PSS,
PSAF, CYME v.vPhng php ny rt hiu qu nhng lm gia tng chi ph gi
thnh phn mm.
Microsoft lin tc cho ra i sn phm cc h iu hnh c ng dng ngy
cng mnh trong giai on bng n cng ngh thng tin nh hin nay. K tip h
iu hnh Windows XP nm 2002, thng 12-2003 Microsoft tip tc cho ra i
phin bn Windows Server 2003 c tnh nng mnh m trong vic qun l cc my
tnh t xa trong mi trng lm vic a nhim v a mng. H iu hnh Windows
Server 2003 qun l cc Client thng qua cp pht cc account cho php truy cp
vo Server. Mt im mnh ca Windows Server 2003 l xy dng my ch ng
dng (Application server, AS) cc my con (clients) c th truy cp mi ng
dng c ci t trn my ch. Chng hn nh khi ta lp kha cng singleuser vo server ny th mi my con c th chy chng trnh m khng cn lp
trc tip kha cng phn mm trn cc my con.
Chng ti khai thc kh nng ny xy dng gii php chia s kho cng
c trnh by chi tit di y.
Abstract: Nowadays, many Software Corporations often use two ways to protect their
license of products: protected in software ( via Serial Number) and protected in hardlock. Most of
technical softwares are protected by hardlock, for example family of softare PSS, PSAF, CYME,
etcThis method are really effective, but it makes the cost of software products increase high.
Microsoft continuously produces operation system products that have a lot of applications
more and more, especially in period of information technology at present. Next to the famous
Windows XP Operation System 2002, in December-2003 Microsoft continues to produce new
version Windows Server 2003 including intensive functions for managing a lot of computers from
another locations in work environment of multi-network and multi-task. Operation System
Windows Server 2003 manages clients via assigning accounts to directly process to server. An
intensive character of Windows Server 2003 is creating Application Server so that clients can
process and run many applications installed on server. Example when we fix single- user hardlock
in serve, we will also performe the program without fixing hardlock in clients.
We did research and exployed this capacity to create a solution of sharing a hardlock to
multi-userw that will be mentioned as follows.
107
IV. M U:
Trong cc phn mm tnh ton v phn tch li in hin nay, phn mm
PSS/ADEPT ca Shaw Power Technologics, Inc c s dng rt ph bin. Mi
phin bn ty theo yu cu ngi dng c bn km kha cng dng chy trn
my n hay my mng. Vi phin bn chy trn n v kha cng km theo, ch
chy c trn mt my tnh duy nht.
Cc Cng ty in lc hin c trang b mt kha cng s dng trn my n
ca phn mm PSS/ADEPT. So vi nhu cu s dng, cng ty cn nhiu phin bn
trang b cho cc n v trc thuc. Nh vy, phi u t chi ph ln rt tn km.
Vi kho cng hin hu rt kh khn khi trin khai ng dng phn mm
PSS/ADEPT ni ring v cc phn mm tnh ton v phn tch li in ni chung
trong thi im hin nay.
Do vn t ra l cn c gii php s dng phn mm ny hiu qu nht,
tit kim chi ph, thi gian v ph hp vi c s h tng thng tin ca cng ty.
Trong thi gian qua, chng ti nghin cu v p dng thnh cng gii php
Chia s kho cng phn mm trn my n cho nhiu ngi s dng .
Gii php ny khi trin khai, gip ph bin phn mm PSS/SDEPT n cc
n v trc thuc. Ch trong thi gian 2 tun, cc n v xy dng xong s
n tuyn trn phn mm PSS/SDEPT. Nu khng c gii php ny, chng ta phi
mt vi nm thc thc hin cng vic trn. Vic trin khai ng dng phn mm
tnh ton PSS/ADEPT khng th trin khai cho n khi c y kho cng.
V. NI DUNG
V.1. Hin trng:
Mng my tnh c minh ho sau y da vo thc t mng my tnh ca
Cng ty in lc Thnh Ph H Ch Minh. Cc mng ca cc Cng ty in lc
cng c cu trc tng t.
Trong mng my tnh ca Cng ty in lc Thnh Ph H Ch Minh, c
Clients kt ni trc tip vi Server qua IP Address (c cp trong mng ca Cng
ty in lc Thnh Ph H Ch Minh). Khi my con kt ni vo my ch AS, Server
s to phin lm vic (session) cho my con, x l d liu v chy ng dng trn
my ch nhng hnh nh c truyn v mn hnh trn my con khi thao tc.
Hin nay ti cng ty in lc TPHCM c c s h tng mng p ng
cho vic trin khai v p dng nhng cng vic qua mng, chng hn nh vic p
dng vic share kha cng phn mm PSS/ADEPT qua mng cng ty tnh ton
108
v phn tch li in. Mng my tnh cng ty c 3 Server chnh: Server Vn phng
Cng ty, Server Trung tm iu thng tin, Server Trung tm my tnh. Cc
Server ny kt ni trc tip vi nhau qua ng dy cp ng. T Server trung tm
my tnh ni n Server ti cc ch nhnh in lc qua ng truyn dy in thoi
(DialUp Line). Ta c th m hnh ha mng ca cng ty nh sau:
Server TT iu
thng tin
IP: 10.137.3.1
Server vn phng
cng ty
IP: 10.137.1.1
Cp
ng
Server TT my tnh
IP:10.137.2.1
Line in thoi
My tnh con
thc hin
PSS/ADEPT
Directly
Server
PSS/ADEPT
IP 10.137.1.200
Server in lc
chi nhnh
109
110
- Ngi dng trung bnh: chy cng lc nhiu ng dng nhng khng
thng xuyn chuyn i qua li gia chng, khng yu cu cao v x l d liu.
Cn them 15MB RAM cho mi my con.
- Ngi dng cao cp: chy v x l d liu trn nhiu ng dng ng thi,
i hi kh nng x l d liu cao.Cn thm 20MB RAM cho mi my con.
* Nhn xt: Chng ta share kha cng thc hin phn mm PSS/ADEPT
i hi chy v x l d liu trn nhiu ng dng nh Excel,Word, PSS, Hot
EmbededDo , ti xin ngh dng s dng phng n 3: cn thm 20MB
RAM cho mi my con.
Nh vy, c th a ra cng thc tnh dung lng RAM ti thiu cn trn
my ch AS nh sau:
A = RM + n 20 [MB]
Vi A: Dung lng RAM cn cung cp cho Server
RM :Dung lng RAM cn thit cho h iu hnh (chn 256 MB)
n: S lng my cho php kt ni
V.2.1.2. My con (Clients):
Cu hnh ca my tnh dng lm cc my con khng i hi c cu hnh cao
v mi ng dng ta c th chy trc tip trn Server v lu tr trn Server. Do vy,
ta ch cu u t mt Server c cu hnh mnh, CPU tc cao l c th thc hin
c nh mong mun. y xin a ra mt cu hnh my lm Application Server
ti phng CNTT ca cng ty nh sau: dung lng RAM l 2012MB, CPU tc
2.8GHz, cng 160GB. Nh vy, s my con ti a lm vic trn Server l:
S my con =
2012 256
= 87.8 87 (my
20
111
H
u
b
Client
Client
Client
Server
PSS/ADEPT c
kha cng
112
113
Here
114
115
117
Hnh 11- Giao din hin a Client khi lm vic trn Server
hin th tt c cc a ca my con trn giao din ca Server khi lu tr
d liu, ta check tt c trn Frame Local devices.
Sau khi vo giao din ca Application Server ta c thng bo thay i
password ln u, ta i li password nh mun ca User. Chn OK vo giao
din ca Server v s dng chng trnh ng dng trn Server.
V.3. Kt qu:
trin khai c hiu qu vic share kha cng trn Server ca cng ty cho cc
n v thc vic tnh ton li in trn phn mm PSS/ADEPT. Tc lm vic
ca my con nh trn Server c kha cng. Tuy nhin cng c mt s hn ch nh
khi truy cp t xa ti cc n v, vic truy bt im km nh cc n v a ra
nhn xt trong bo co.
H tr cho cc n v in lc v thi gian cng nh khi lng cng vic
trong thi gian thc hin chng trnh ny vi tnh hnh hin ti ch c mt kha
cng cho phn mm.
Khng nhng chng ta p dng thnh cng phn mm PSS/ADEPT trong vic
share kha cng qua mng LAN, qua gii php ny ta cn chy c bt k ng
dng no trn Application Server.
V.4. nh gi:
Tit kim c rt nhiu chi ph trong vic mua kha cng thc hin phm
mm tnh ton li in trong cng ty trong thi im hin ti. Khi p dng phng
n ny, s khai thng ng dng cc phn mm tnh ton chuyn ngnh in trong
Cng ty in lc TP HCM, vn ngng tr sau khi khng th trin khai n cc
118
n v trong tnh hnh hin nay ca Cng ty in lc TP.HCM chi ph mua kho
cng trang b cho cc n v s dng cc phn mm ny qu cao (2,6 t ng150.000 USD).
V.4.1. Tit kim chi ph
Tit kim khong 530 triu ng (30.000 USD) chi ph mua khong 20 kho
cng phn mm PSS/ADEPT cho cc n v qun l li v Phng Ban chc nng
trong Cng ty in lc TP.HCM. (nh km bng bo gi ca Hng Shaw Power
Technologics, Inc)
Tit kim nhiu chi ph khc nh: Chi ph tp hun s dng phn mm k
thut in vi hc ph rt cao (trung bnh khong 1600 USD/ngi/3ngy cho 1
phn mm).
Cc chi ph v hnh khc nh: p ngay cc kt qu tnh ton t cc phn mm
k thut in vo mi cng tc hng ngy ca Cng ty in lc TP.HCM, lm gia
tng li nhun v gim chi ph u t. u t vn hiu qu vo cc cng trnh in
t cc kt qu tnh ton ca cc chng trnh ny.
Gp phn s dng hiu qu mng my tnh ti Cng ty in lc TP.HCM vn
c u t rt nhiu trong nhng nm va qua. D kin, mng thng tin ca
Cng ty in lc TP.HCM s c tng cng hn na v khi lng, cht lng
cng nh cng ngh thng qua vic xy dng mng cp quang ni ht ni mng
trc tip tt cc cc n v trong Cng ty. Mng cp quang ni ht ln nht
TP.HCM ny, ngoi vic phc v kinh doanh vin thng ca Cng ty cn l mng
kt ni, truyn d liu vi tc l tng gia cc n v trong Cng ty in lc
TP.HCM.
V.4.2. Tit kim thi gian:
Chuyn giao nhanh chng cc phn mm tnh ton k thut chuyn ngnh in
cho cc n v s dng ngay m khng cn mua thm kho cng.
Khng mt thi gian tp hun s dng cc phn mm k thut in t Hng
Shaw Power Technologics, Inc trong Cng ty in lc TP HCM.
119
VI. KT LUN
Chng ta khai thc c hiu qu kh nng qun l mng ca h iu hnh
Windows Server 2003 trong vic ng dng share kha cng cc phn mm tnh
ton k thut in ti cng ty in lc TPHCM.
y, chng ta ch khai thc kh nng ca h iu hnh Windows Server
2003, ch khng lm thay i cc thut ton ca phn mm PSS/ADEPT nn chng
ta khng vi phm bn quyn vi nh sn xut.
Trong thi gian qua tuy p dng c hiu qu gii php ny, nhng do s
lng in lc qu ng v thc hin trong thi gian cho php nn cng cn nhiu
hn ch v thi gia trong lc thc hin.
Vi gii php v tnh hnh nh trn, ti xin a ra kin ngh nh sau: trang b
thm cho mi in lc mt kha cng tip tc trin khai tnh ton li in trn
phn mm PSS/ADEPT ti n v, mt my Server cu hnh mnh share kha
cng ti mng LAN ca in lc n v.
120
CHNG 8:
TM HIU MT S PHN MM
PHN TCH LI IN KHC
CHNG 8:
TM HIU MT S PHN MM PHN TCH
LI IN KHC
Ngoi phn mm PSS/ADEPT cc hc vin nn bit thm cc phn mm phn
tch v tnh ton khc nh:
PSS/U (Power System Simulator Utilisation) l phn mm tin ch m phng
h thng in.
PSS/E (Power System Simulator for Engineering) l phn mm cng th h
vi PSS/U, chuyn dng cho li truyn ti.
Phn mm ASPEN ONE LINER ca Shaw Power Technologics, Inc. Phn
mm ny hin ang c cc n v qun l li in s dng lm cng c tnh
ton, ci t v chnh nh phi hp bo v cho cc li in.
Phn mm PSAF l phn mm phn tch li in tin tin. Gm nhiu
module tnh ton.
Phn mm VPRO II ca Hng Cooper Power Systems l cng c tnh ton,
ci t v chnh nh phi hp bo v cho li in, ng thi c th truyn d liu
chnh nh t xa n cc thit b bo v trong li in.
Phn mm PSIM l cng c tnh ton in t cng sut.
Phn mm EMTP l cng c tnh ton cc qu trnh qu trong h thng
in.
Phn mm ETAP l phn mm phn tch li in ni v ngm, DC v AC,
rt hiu qu v d s dng. ETAP gm nhiu module tnh ton,do hng
Operation Technology, Inc sn xut.
Cc phn mm c trnh by di y v minh ho mt s kt qu hy vng
gp phn nng cao kin thc v p dng phn mm cho cc hc vin.
122
I. Tng quan
I.1. Phn mm PSS/U
PSS/U (Power System Simulator Utilisation) l phn mm tin ch m phng
h thng in. PSS/U c kh nng tnh ton c 2000 nt v 2500 nhnh. Phn
mm ny c xem l chng trnh chun tnh ton v phn tch h thng in
c nhiu nc trn th gii s dng. Ngn hng th gii (World Bank) chn
phn mm PSS/U lm cng c chnh kim tra tnh hiu qu u t ca cc nc
vay tin. Mt thng s m h quan tm nht l mc gim tn tht trong li in
(phn tn tht k thut) khi c u t, ci to li in. Cc thng s ny d dng
tnh ton vi PSS/U.
Phn mm PSS/U c vit bng ngn ng Fortran, l ngn ng rt thng
dng trong lnh vc tnh ton k thut. Tuy nhin hin nay hng Power
Technologies pht trin phn mm PSS/ADEPT, PSS/E, thay cho PSS/U. Vic tp
trung pht trin phn mm PSS/ADEPT, PSS/E nh l mt gii php mnh hn v
c giao din trc quan hn vi ngi s dng.
123
Calculation (TMLC) and Line Properties (LINEPROP), Phn tch h thng tuyn
tnh Linear System Analysis (LSYSAN), B-Matrix, Phn b cng sut ti u
Optimal Power Flow (OPF), Model Library
Source v WSCC Programs
125
126
127
128
S
3 . Um
II.6. Mt s kt qu phi hp
129
MBA 63 MVA
/Y
110/15(KV)
Bus1
Rec 1
Relay
Rec 3
Bus 2
Rec 2
Bus 42
Bus 29
Bus 38
Bus 5
Bus 14
Bus 47
Rec 4
Bus 81
Bus 71
Bus 74
Rec 5
Bus 86
Bus 96
130
Ch thch :
- Ch bus 5 : LBFCO nhnh r Bnh Thi H100/4
131
Ch thch :
- Ch bus 14 : LBFCO nhnh r Bnh Thi hm100
132
Ch thch :
- Ch bus 38 : FCO nhnh r Au C 205
133
Ch thch :
- Ch bus 47 : FCO nhnh r i Hnh 2
134
Ch thch :
- Ch bus 71 : LBFCO nhnh r T Uyn
- Ch bus 74 : FCO ca MBT trm Trn Qu
Hnh 6 : Phi hp Relay, Recloser i Hnh, Rec Din Ngh, Ch Bus 96
135
Ch thch :
Ch bus 96 : FCO ca MBT Din Ngh 5
1. Gii thiu
Easy Power c thit k da trn co s cc phng php phn tch mch tin
tin nht vi cc gii thut ti u c x l qua ngn ng lp trnh bi cc nh
phn tch mch hng u.
Chng trnh Easy Power i hi cu hnh my ti thiu nh sau:
- H iu hnh Windows 95 hay NT
- Mn hnh VGA
- CPU 486DX 33MHZ
- Dung lng a cng 10MB
- Dung lng RAM 16MB.
137
b.
138
d.
139
140
141
Name
BUS-1
BUS-2
BUS-3
BUS-4
BUS-5
BUS-6
BUS-7
BUS-8
BUS-9
BUS-10
BUS-11
21669.9
21466.7
20502.5
19617.5
18802.7
18196.3
18196.3
19617.5
18802.7
18196.3
18196.3
150.00
102.28
40.82
26.35
19.88
16.81
16.81
26.35
19.88
16.81
16.81
1.71
1.70
1.65
1.61
1.57
1.54
1.54
1.61
1.57
1.54
1.54
Asymmetrical
Amps
37026.7
36450.0
33813.4
31529.7
29534.6
28112.8
28112.8
31529.7
29534.6
28112.8
28112.8
ANSI Duty
Amps
34671.8
34346.7
32804.0
31387.9
30084.3
29114.0
29114.0
31387.9
30084.3
29114.0
29114.0
Momentary (First Cycle) High Voltage Currents Using Momentary Impedance Circuit
Driving Point Voltage (P.U.) = 1.00000
__D L-GND Fault On __ ______________ Total Fault Duties _______________
Name
Bus kV Symmetrical X/R
Mult Asymmetrical ANSI Duty
Amps Ratio
Factor Amps
Amps
BUS-1
BUS-2
BUS-3
BUS-4
BUS-5
BUS-6
BUS-7
BUS-8
BUS-9
BUS-10
BUS-11
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
21669.4
21441.7
20359.8
19370.0
18465.6
17797.9
17797.9
19370.0
18465.6
17797.9
17797.9
150.00
90.45
32.45
20.98
16.05
13.74
13.74
20.98
16.05
13.74
13.74
Momentary (First Cycle) High Voltage Currents Using Momentary Impedance Circuit
Driving Point Voltage (P.U.) = 1.00000
__L TO L Fault On __ ______________ Total Fault Duties _______________
Name Bus kV Symmetrical X/R Mult Asymmetrical ANSI Duty
Amps
Ratio Factor
Amps
Amps
BUS-1
BUS-2
BUS-3
BUS-4
BUS-5
BUS-6
BUS-7
BUS-8
BUS-9
BUS-10
BUS-11
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
142
30025.8
29744.2
28408.2
27182.0
26053.0
25212.8
25212.8
27182.0
26053.0
25212.8
25212.8
Momentary (First Cycle) High Voltage Currents Using Momentary Impedance Circuit
Driving Point Voltage (P.U.) = 1.00000
__S L-GND Fault On __ ______________ Total Fault Duties _______________
Name
Bus kV
Symmetrical X/R Mult Asymmetrical ANSI Duty
Amps
Ratio Factor
Amps
Amps
BUS-1
BUS-2
BUS-3
BUS-4
BUS-5
BUS-6
BUS-7
BUS-8
BUS-9
BUS-10
BUS-11
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
15.00
21669.9
21321.0
19724.5
18340.5
17131.0
16268.8
16268.8
18340.5
17131.0
16268.8
16268.8
150.00
80.78
26.04
16.44
12.45
10.61
10.61
16.44
12.45
10.61
10.61
1.71
1.69
1.61
1.54
1.49
1.46
1.46
1.54
1.49
1.46
1.46
37026.7
36014.3
31675.4
28268.9
25533.1
23706.9
23706.9
28268.9
25533.1
23706.9
23706.9
34671.8
34113.6
31559.2
29344.8
27409.6
26030.1
26030.1
29344.8
27409.6
26030.1
26030.1
143
144
145
Khi ta click 2 ln vo biu tng PSAF mn hnh giao din s hin ra. Ta click vo
Analysis pha trn mn hnh, mt hp thoi s hin ra ta chn CYMFLOW hoc
CYMFAULT.
Open
M Study mi lu bng cch click trn biu tng , hoc vo menu File Y
New. Sau chn mc nh 1 Bus bng cch click OK hp thoi sau
146
147
148
Voltage: Mc in p ca motor KV
Rating: C th vo bng MVA, HP, KW. Ch cn vo mt gi tr hai gi tr kia
s c tnh ton. Cn phi vo h s cng sut v hiu sut ng c ri sau mi
vo cng sut biu kin.
1.2.4 LOAD (Ti) _( Phi l ti 3 pha ):
Cn to database cho ti thun tin cho vic nhp thng s theo dng bng
v cng l database mi. Cch to database tng t nh trn. Ngoi ra ta c th
chn ti t Database ID
Exponents nP and nQ = 0 cng sut ti l hng s
=1 dng ti l hng s
= 2 tr khng ti l hng s
149
150
152
153
154
: Sau khi Slove xut hin biu tng ny. Nu ta mun xo hoc thm
vo cc thit b th ta phi chuyn biu tng thnh
p.
: Biu tng ny cho php ta to mt thit b mi ging thit b m ta
nh du.
: Biu tng ny cho php ta coi d liu ca tng thit b trong mng
in v c th nhp d liu ca tng thit b theo dng bng.
: Biu tng ny cho php ta quay Bus ng hoc ngang.
155
: Biu tng ny cho php ta to li thit b va mi xo.
: Biu tng ny cho php ta s dng cc biu tng trn hng ca biu
tng ny.
Sau khi click biu tng trn ta c th to li hoc b li bng cch click
vo
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
xem Dng hi v p hi dng bng sau khi nhn nt Done, ta click vo biu
. Cn chuyn bng kt qu tnh ton sang Excel taclick chut phi v
tng
chn nh hnh sau
2.5 M t trn bn v:
1) Zoom-in: Zoom ta click 2 chut tri ln trn th (phi lun gi chut
tri trong ln click th hai) v ko bi khong cn Zoom.
164
165
5) Chn li tn s c bn:
chn ta click chut phi / X-Axis / Unit / Editor (nh hnh minh ho), sau
lick nt sau click vo nt
n v ca s:
166
167
M phng ng
168
B nh 128 MB RAM
169
B-Matrix
WSCC Programs
Hnh 1.
170
Hnh 2.
Hnh 3.
171
Hnh 4.
172
Hnh 5.
Hnh 6.
Bc 1 - M file case lu
173
Hnh 7.
Hnh 8.
174
Hnh 9.
Hnh 10.
175
Hnh 11.
Hnh 12.
176
Hnh 13.
Bc 9 - Kt qu
Ht chng !
177
178
[18]. Hong Kim (Ch bin), K thut lp trnh m phng : Th gii thc v ng
dng, 1997, Nh xut bn Thng k.
[19]. Trn nh Long, Qui hoch h thng nng lng, 1999, Nh xut bn Khoa
hc k thut.
[20]. Trn nh Long, L thuyt h thng, 1999, Nh xut bn Khoa hc k thut.
[21]. Nguyn Vn m, Mng li in, Tp 1, 2, 2000. Nh xut bn Khoa hc k
thut.
[22]. Nguyn Hng Thi, Phn t t ng trong h thng in, 2000. Nh xut bn
Khoa hc k thut.
[23]. Cao Ho Thi, M hnh m phng, 1999, Tp bi ging chuyn .
[24]. L Vn t, Phn tch & iu khin n nh h thng in, 2000. Nh xut bn
Khoa hc k thut.
[25]. Nguyn Ngc H, ng Anh Tun, M phng vn hnh li in, 2000, Hi
ngh tin hc ln I, Cng ty in lc TP HCM.
[26]. Nguyn Ngc H, ng Anh Tun, ng dng cng ngh GIS qun l li
in phn phi, Hi ngh tin hc ln I, Cng ty in lc TP HCM.
[27]. PSS/ADEPT 5.0, Users Guide Shaw Power Technologies - 04 / 2004
[28]. H Vn Hin - H thng in truyn ti v phn phi NXB i hc quc gia
TP. H Ch Minh 2003
[29]. V Ngc Tc M hnh ha v m phng bng my tnh NXB Gio dc
2001
[30]. Nguyn Hong Vit Bo v Rle v t ng ha NXB i hc Quc Gia
TPHCM 2003
[31]. C.Russell Mason The Acrt and Science of protective relaying 1967
[32]. Cooper power system Electrical Distribution system Protection 1990
[33]. Cng ty in lc TPHCM Bo co chuyn PSS/ADEPT Phng k thut
cng ty- Thng 08- 2004
[34]. Copper Power Systems- Overcurrent Protection For Distribution SystemSeminar Notes and Reference Materials - 1995
[35]. URL
http://www.pti-us.com
179
DNG PHN MM
PHN TCH V
TNH TON LI IN
PSS/ADEPT
The Power System Simulator/Advanced
Distribution Engineering Productivity TooL
Phn 5
Cm nang s dng
TP H CH MINH THNG 04/2007
S DNG PHN MM
PHN TCH V TNH
TON LI IN
PSS/ADEPT
Bin san:
Nguyn Hu Phc
ng Anh Tun
L Thanh Quang
Ch bin:
PGS. TS. Nguyn Hu Phc
Li ni u
Li in phn phi v truyn ti khng ngng pht trin m rng v qui
m cng nh phc tp. Theo , cc yu cu cung cp in lin tc cho khch
hng vi cht lng in nng ngy cng cao cng gia tng. Thit b trn li
in phn phi hin nay vn c c im l a dng v chng loi, phc tp v
cu to. Qu trnh vn hnh nhm thc hin nhng thao tc mang tnh lp i lp
li nhiu ln nhng li i hi chnh xc cao v vy rt cn thit phi t ng
ha bng cch a nhiu thit b t ng, x l thng tin t ng nhm tng kh
nng truyn t v x l thng tin.Bng my tnh v cc phn mm chuyn dng
chng ta c th ngn chn trc v hn ch hng hc trong qu trnh vn hnh
li in. Nhng thnh tu mi v Cng ngh Thng tin nh v kh nng lu tr
ca phn cng, tc tnh ton, cc phng php h chuyn gia, mng
neuron, cung cp nhng phng tin v cng c mnh tng cng nghin
cu m rng ng dng trong lnh vc in nng. m bo v gi vng mi lin
h hu c ca cc thnh phn trong h thng sn xut truyn ti, phn phi v s
dng in nng.
p ng kp thi cc yu cu trn, t thng 01-2005 Tng cng ty in
lc Vit Nam (EVN) trc y, nay l Tp on in lc Vit Nam ch o
p dng th im phn mm PSS/ADEPT tnh ton li in theo a bn do
cc n v trc thuc qun l.
Phn mm PSS/ADEPT c pht trin dnh cho cc k s v nhn vin k
thut trong ngnh in. N c s dng nh mt cng c thit k v phn
tch li in phn phi. PSS/ADEPT cng cho php chng ta thit k, chnh sa
v phn tch s li v cc m hnh li in mt cch trc quan theo giao
din ha vi s nt khng gii hn. Thng 04-2004, hng Shaw Power
Technologies cho ra i phin bn PSS/ADEPT 5.0 vi nhiu tnh nng b
sung v cp nht y cc thng s thc t ca cc phn t trn li in.
Cng ty in lc 2-Tp on in lc Vit Nam (EVN) phi hp cng
Khoa in-in t trng i hc Bch Khoa thnh ph H Ch Minh nghin
cu p dng phn mm ny. Cng ty in lc 2 thc hin tp hun cho cc n
v trc thuc nhm trang b kh nng s dng phn mm chun tnh ton v phn
tch li in da trn phn mm PSS/ADEPT. iu ny, nhm gip Cng ty
in lc 2 tng bc h thng ho, chun ho kin thc p dng tnh ton v
in trong cc hot ng ca Cng ty nht l cng tc qun l k thut vn hnh
li in. u tin l cc bi ton: phn b cng sut trn li, ngn mch, b
II
Tm tt ni dung
Gio trnh ny c bin son phc v cho cc bui tp hun s dng phn
mm phn tch v tnh ton li in PSS/ADEPT 5.0. Gio trnh gm cc phn:
Phn 1: Kin thc chun b yu cu-n tp kin thc
Phn 2: Hng dn s dng PSS/ADEPT
Phn 3: Cc k nng s dng phn mm PSS/ADEPT-Phn cn bn
Phn 4: Cc k nng s dng phn mm PSS/ADEPT-Phn nng cao
hc vin cc n v nm bt v p dng nhanh, cn c thm cc phn:
Phn 5: Cm nang s dng
Phn 6: Thut ng Anh-Vit i chiu qua cc slide bi ging phn
mm PSS/ADEPT
Phn 7: Cc slide bi ging ca chuyn gia PTI software.
Ngoi ra cn c Gio trnh in t lu tr trn a CD-ROM: Gm cc ti
liu a phng tin (Multimedia) h tr thm cho cc hc vin chun b bi hc
trc khi ln lp, n tp sau kha hc v a phng cng tc. c thc hin
bng k thut lp trnh Web v x l Multimedia (dng phim c m thanh, Web
page,)
Cc chng trnh chuyn i:
1. Chng trnh Chuyn Excel DAT File.
2. Chng trnh Chuyn DAT File Excel.
3. Chng trnh x l s liu u vo
4. Chng trnh Tnh Cng Sut Ngun.
5. Chng trnh Tnh Tng Tr My Bin Th.
6. Chng trnh chia s PSS/ADEPT qua mng LAN, WAN v internet
7. H thng cc bi tp trc nghim trn my tnh sut kho hc
8. Chng trnh thi kt thc kho hc bng trc nghim trc tip trn my
tnh
V cc CD-ROM:
-CD1: Gio trnh in t h tr
-CD2: Cc bi ging v bi tp
III
-CD3: D liu li in
-CD4: D liu li in (tt) v source cc chng trnh h PSS/*
-CD5: Cc chng trnh h tr kho hc
Gm cc ti nguyn hc tp nh: ti liu tham kho, Users Guide, website
PTI (offline, xem khng cn kt ni internet), web documents, source software
PSS/ADEPT and untilities, cc phn mm chuyn i d liu v demo phc v
ng dng tnh ton bng PSS/ADEPT,
Qua kinh nghip tp hun v gip cc hc vin thuc cc n v in lc
p dng nhanh phn mm PSS/ADEPT. Chng ti ch trng chnh vo 4 mc
tiu p dng trin khai PSS/ADEPT nh sau:
Thit lp thng s mng li
Program, network settings
To s
Creating diagrams
BO CO
Reports, diagrams
IV
VI
Ch
Lin quan
V d, bi tp
Lu tp tin v d mu
D liu mu c sn trn CD-ROM/DATA
Ht chng !
VII
Ht chng
Mc lc tng qut
Phn Mt: Kin thc chun b
CHNG 1: M HNH LI IN
CHNG 2 PHN B CNG SUT
CHNG 3: NGN MCH
CHNG 4: BI TON KHI NG NG C V XC NH IM DNG TI U
CHNG 5: PHI HP BO V
CHNG 6: SNG HI
CHNG 7: XC NH V TR B TI U
CHNG 8: NH GI TIN CY
CHNG 9: CC VN KHC CA LI IN PHN PHI
Phn Hai: Hng dn s dng phn mm
CHNG 1: HNG DN CI T PHN MM PSS/ADEPT
CHNG 2: HNG DN S DNG PHN MM PSS/ADEPT
PH LC 1: M HNH XUT TUYN DY C LP
PH LC 2: NGUYN TC PHN PHI
PH LC 3: KIU D LIU
Phn Ba: K nng p dng-Phn c bn
CHNG 1: D LIU CHUN B
CHNG 2: CC BC THC HIN
CHNG 3: MT S KT QU P DNG
Phn Bn: Cm nang s dng
Phn Nm: K nng p dng-Phn nng cao
CHNG 1: X L S LIU
CHNG 2: B SUNG CC THNG S VO PHN MM
CHNG 3: BIU DIN, PHN TCH V NH GI KT QU TNH TON H TR
RA QUYT NH
CHNG 4: C KT KINH NGHIM P DNG TI MT S LI IN CA CC
IN LC KHU VC
CHNG 5: QUN L V TNH TON LI IN PHN PHI TRN NN H
THNG THNG TIN A L
CHNG 6: M PHNG VN HNH LI IN
CHNG 7: GII PHP CHIA S KHA CNG PHN MM TRN MY N CHO
NHIU NGI S DNG
CHNG 8: TM HIU MT S PHN MM PHN TCH LI IN KHC
Phn Su: Thut ng Anh-Vit i chiu qua cc slide bi ging
Phn By: Cc slide bi ging ca PTI software
VIII
PSS/ADEPT
Phn Nm:
Cm nang s dng
05
CM NANG S DNG
PHN MM PSS/ADEPT
Cm nang nhn gip hc vin nm bt nhanh cc kin thc p dng v k
nng s dng nhanh phn mm chun tnh ton v phn tch li in PSS/ADEPT.
H thng ho kin thc gii cc bi ton k thut in. iu ny cng tng bc h
thng ho, chun ho kin thc p dng tnh ton v in trong cc hot ng qun
l k thut vn hnh li in. Cc hc vin hiu v thc hnh cc bi ton tnh
ton v phn tch li in. Thc hin cc bi ton ny qua cc v d p dng trn
phn mm PSS/ADEPT.
Cch thit lp thng s cho phn mm.
Thit lp thuc tnh cho li in cn tnh ton.
M hnh ho cc phn t li in trong phn mm
Cch xy dng v b sung t in d liu vt t thit b.
Cch thu thp s liu o c thc t, x l d liu th, chuyn i t cc
phm mm h tr.
Nhp liu vo phn mm.
Xut d liu tnh ton theo 8 bi ton yu cu.
To cc bo co kt qu tnh ton v phn tch li in.
-Thc hin tnh ton v phn tch li in theo 2 loi s l: S a d
(bn ) v s nguyn l.
Cm nang s gip cc n v nm bt nhanh cc phng php tnh ton cc
bi ton in c bn v cch xy dng thut ton tnh ton p dng trong phn
mm tnh ton chuyn nghip l phn mm PSS/ADEPT ca hng Shaw Power
Technologics Inc-USA. nh gi, theo di v gim st hiu qu cng tc pht trin
xy dng mi, i tu ci to, qun l k thut v vn hnh li in ca cc n v
da vo cng c hiu qu l phn mm tnh ton k thut in PSS/ADEPT. Lm c
s i ng cn b k thut cc n v d dng tip thu v nm bt cc phm
mm khc sau ny, v d nh PSS/E. EasyPower,
I. Gii thiu
PSS/ADEPT gip phn tch v tnh ton li in phn phi. Tnh ton v hin
th cc thng s v dng (I), cng sut (P, Q) ca tng tuyn dy (ng trc v
nhnh r), nh gi tnh trng mang ti ca tuyn dy thng qua chc nng Load
Flow Analysis (Phn b cng sut).
Cho bit cc thng s v tn tht cng sut ca tng tuyn dy t c
phng n b cng sut phn khng trnh lm tn tht nhiu cho tuyn dy
thng qua chc nng CAPO (Ti u ha vic t t b).
Cho bit cc thng s SAIFI, SAIDI, CAIFI, CAIDI v vic nh gi tin cy
ca tuyn dy thng qua chc nng DRA (Phn tch tin cy ca li in phn
phi). tin cy l xc sut lm vic tt ca mt thit b trong mt chu k di cc
iu kin vn hnh c th nghim.
PSS/ADEPT tnh ton dng ngn mch (3 pha chm t, 01 pha chm t, 01
pha chm t c tnh ti thnh phn tng tr t, 02 pha chm nhau, 02 pha chm
t, 03 pha chm t) ca tt c trng hp cho tng tuyn dy thng qua chc
nng Fault, Fault All (Tnh ton dng ngn mch khi b s c).
TOPO (Chn im dng li ti u): chng trnh cho ta bit im dng li t
b tn tht cng sut nht trn tuyn dy .
Motor Starting (Khi ng ng c): chng trnh s cho ta bit cc thng s
nh st p, phn trm st p, tn tht cng sut,nh hng nh th no n
tuyn dy nu trn tuyn dy c t ng c (ng b hay khng ng b)
vi cng sut ln.
Harmonics (Sng hi) phn tch sng hi.
Coordination (Phi hp bo v). H tr cho cng tc thit k, pht trin li
in bng cch s dng kt qu ca chng trnh ti thi im cao im.
D on c s qu ti ca cc phn t trn li in.
II.1.3. Dy v cp
Dy ni lin hai nt vi nhau v ti thiu phi c t nht mt dy pha. Mt
dy c th c 1, 2 hoc 3 dy pha. Dy chuyn v c t trng bi tng tr th t
thun v th t khng, v bi in np th t thun v khng.
Dy mt v hai pha cn c t trng bi thnh phn th t thun v khng
ca tng tr/ dn np. Dy mt pha ch c mt tng tr ni tip v mt thnh
phn dn np. Khi nhp liu cho dy mt pha, t thnh phn th t thun v
khng ca tng tr/ dn np bng nhau.
Dy dn hai pha c tng tr t cm Zs v h cm Zm. Khi nhp liu cho dy
hai pha t thnh phn tng tr th t thun v khng nh cch t cho dy ba pha
(vd Z1 = Zs Zm v Z0 = Zs + 2 Zm). Dy hai pha c hai thnh phn dn np,
Bs c trng cho mi dy dn n t, Bm c trng cho hai dy dn vi nhau.
Tng t, rt ra cch lm cho dy ba pha, B1 = Bs + 2 Bm, B0 = Bs. Cch
n gin nhp vo tng tr/ dn np l s dng lun gi tr ca dy ba pha; sai
s nu c cng s rt nh. Hin nay, d liu cho cp thng c nhp ging nh
dy trn khng, bng cch ch nh thnh phn th t thun v khng. i vi cp
ngm, thnh phn dn np th t thun v th t khng thng thng bng nhau.
II.1.4. My bin th
PSS/ADEPT m hnh nhiu dng ni dy my bin th gm: Y-Y, Y-, -,
iu chnh in p .v.v.
Mi my bin p c thnh phn tng tr th t thun v khng, gi tr ny
ghi bn ngoi hoc trong bn hng dn.
Thnh phn tng tr th t khng t trng cho tng tr ni t trong s
ni dy dng sao tam gic. Nu my bin th khng c tng tr ni t, t thnh
phn tng tr th t khng bng vi th t thun.
i vi my bin th u dng -, hoc dng Y- bn phn Y ni t trc
tip, t thnh phn tng tr th t khng bng vi th t thun; PSS/ADEPT kho
st dng th t khng, dng th t khng ni Shunt qua t .v.v.
V PSS/ADEPT qun l cc loi my bin th v cch ni dy khc vi
PSS/U, s c vi thay i trong chuyn i d liu khi s dng file d liu th raw
data (*.dat) gia cc chng trnh ny.
II.1.5. M hnh my in
My in ng b v khng ng b u c m hnh ho trong
PSS/ADEPT.
II.1.5.2. ng c khng ng b
Trong khi m phng bi ton phn b cng sut, ng c khng ng b
(DCKDB) th hin bi cng sut thc n s dng. Lng cng sut phn khng tiu
th v trt c xc nh t m hnh my in. C 5 loi DCKDB trong
PSS/ADEPT, tng ng vi cc mu thit k A, B, C, D, v E.
Tuy nhin, nu DCKDB i ra bn ngoi vng c Momem ln nht, n s b
gi li. Khi iu xy ra, DCKDB s c biu th bi tng tr kho Rotor
(locked rotor impedance).
Khi mt DCKDB khi ng, n th hin qua tng tr kho rotor. Nu mt
DCKDB ang hot ng, v c mt DCKDB khc cng khi ng, th DCKDB
ang hot ng s c m hnh bi mt ngun ghp sau tng tr, tng t nh
trng hp my in ng b.
Trong m phng s c ngn mch, mt DCKDB m hnh bi mt ngun gn
theo sau tng tr qu hay sau qu , tng t nh trng hp my in ng
b.
Tri li, vi ti khng ni t: khi nhp vo cho pha A tht ra l ni gia pha
A vi pha B, khi nhp vo cho pha B tht ra l ni gia pha B vi pha C, v khi
nhp vo cho pha C tht ra l ni gia pha C vi pha A.
II.2.6. Tng tr tng ng Thevenin
Tng tr tng ng Thevenin l tng tr t mt nt n h thng in cn
tnh ton. Trong h thng, tt c cc ti v ngun c thay th bng tng tr tng
ng v in p tng ng nh hnh sau:
Trong cc thnh phn Z01, Z02, Z10, Z12, Z20 v Z21 thng khng quan
trng v b qua.
H s t l gia in khng v in tr l mt h s quan trng dng trong
vix tnh ton tng tr tng ng Thevenin:
10
II.3. Xc nh v tr t t b ti u (CAPO)
CAPO t t b trn li sao cho kinh t nht (ngha l sao cho s tin tit
kim c t vic t t b ln hn s tin phi b ra lp t t b).
CAPO chn nt cho t b th n s tin tit kim c l ln nht.
th ph ti c s dng trong PSS/ADEPT cung cp cho ta s m
hnh ha cc bin thin ph ti theo thi gian, nhit hoc cc yu t khc.
Khi t cc t b ng ng, CAPO cng tnh lun tng ca nc iu chnh
t b ng vi tng th ph ti.
II.3.1. Thit lp cc thng s kinh t li in cho CAPO
Cc thng s kinh t li in c s dng trong qu trnh tnh ton v tr
t t b ti u.
thit lp cc thng s kinh t ny, chn Network>Economics t trnh
n chnh. Bng cc thng s kinh t s hin ra trn mn hnh.
Gi in nng tiu th, cP, tnh bng n v /kWh. Nhn vo n v ta c th
thy y l nng lng thc. M thng s dng n v tin t l dollar, tuy
nhin c PSS/ADEPT v CAPO u khng bt buc n v tin t phi s dng,
chng ta c th s dng bt c n v tin t no min sao m bo tnh nht qun
gia cc bin s.
11
12
1+ i
Ne =
n =1 1 + r
N
(1)
(3)
Buc 3: Chn tu chn m chng ta mun cho php phn tch CAPO:
Loi u ni: chn t c loi u ni ph hp: sao hoc tam gic. Loi u ni
c th chn cho c 2 loi t c nh v ng ng trn tt c cc nt trong li in.
Chn loi th ph ti: c th chn bt c loi th ph ti no trong qu
trnh tnh ton: nh du vo tng ng trc tn loi th. Nhng th ph ti
ny c sn cho mt khong thi gian xc nh v c s dng trong qu trnh tnh
ton xc nh tnh kh thi ca vic t mt t b ln li in.
V php phn tch CAPO da trn thi gian l tng nm nn khong thi gian
dng tnh ton l phn s ca nm trn th ph ti. Thng th tng thi gian
tnh ton ca tt c th ph ti m chng ta s dng trong CAPO l 1.0; tuy nhin
iu ny khng phi l bt buc. V d nu thit b ca chng ta ch hot ng 10
thng trong 1 nm th CAPO vn c th chy c.
S di t cho php: y l s t c nh v ng ng m chng ta c th c
t ln li (v d nh l s t ang c trong kho). Ban u th s t ny c t
bng 0. Nu vn s t ny l 0 th khi chy CAPO chng ta s thy trn phn
Xem Tin trnh cu thng bo Khng c t no t ln li.
Kch thc t 3 pha: l tng ln di t 3 pha tnh bng kvar cho c 2 loi t
c nh v ng ng t trn li. V d: nu thit lp l t 1 di t c nh 100
14
15
xt th mt s ch thch c nu ra y. Nu ch c mt trng hp ph ti c
xem xt th c th s khng phi t t b ng ng sau khi t xong t b c nh.
iu ny l khng ng trong t nht 4 trng hp sau:
-
Thit lp ln ca t b ng ng nh hn t b c nh.
Khng cn t b ng ng ng ln li.
16
(6)
hon tt ta xt n phng trnh tnh Ne:
1+ i
Ne =
n =1 1 + r
N
(7)
17
18
- Cc chc nng Primary Settings v Secondary Settings cho php chng ta nhp
dng in s cp v th cp cho b cm bin dng.
- Tme dial settings: Ci t thng s thi gian t cho relay. Chng ta khng th
thit lp thng s ny ngoi phm vi nh sn xut cho php. Khi chn hp thoi
Interpolate, ng cong hin th trong phn phi hp s ni suy gia hai gi tr thi
gian t v trong c s d liu ca PSS/ADEPT.
II.4.3. Cp
- My ct hay cu ch t ng pht hin qu ti cp v ct nu s qu ti vt qu
gi tr t v thi gian qu ti cho php nh trc.
- iu kin yu cu bo v qu ti.
Bo v qu ti theo tiu chun IEE 433:
IN IZ
19
I 2 1.45 I Z
Vi:
IZ
dng in nh mc ca bo v.
I2
dng in khi ng ca bo v.
(10)
Dy nhm
I = A ( [(0.0125LOG10 ((T2 + 228) /(T1 + 228)) / t ])
ACAR
20
(11)
(12)
ACS
I = A ( [(0.0125LOG10 ((T2 + 228) /(T1 + 228)) / t ])
Vi
(13)
dng in ampe.
A tit din dy dn mils
thi gian.
T1
nhit dy dn ban u.
T2
II.4.4. Recloser
Recloser l mt loi thit b trn b gm my ct v mch iu khin cn thit
cm nhn tn hiu dng in, nh thi gian ct v ng li ng dy mt
cch t ng khi c s c thong qua, ti lp cung cp in. Nu s c ko di,
Recloser s kha t ng li mt s ln tc ng c t trc (thng l 3 hoc 4
ln) v nh vy c lp vng b s c khi h thng.
Recloser hot ng theo 2 ng cong thi gian- dng in. ng cong u
tin c c tnh ct nhanh hay cn gi l ng cong A dng bo v cu ch pha
trn n khi c s c ngn mch thong qua. ng cong th 2 c c tnh tc ng
chm vic ng ct cc thit b ng ct v cho php cu ch hot ng trong trng
hp ngn mch vnh cu.
PSS/ADEPT cho php biu trng tt c ng cong no ca Recloser, khng
c mt s gii hn no. Mi ng cong ca Recloser c ch nh nh mt
Recloser c th trong vn hnh. V d nh, nu mun phi hp ng cong c c
tnh ct nhanh A vi ng cong c tnh ct chm E, chng ta chn 2 Recloser cng
loi v chnh nh cho tng Recloser theo mun. Trong trng hp ny, hai
Recloser c ch nh trong danh sch la chn mc d ch c mt Recloser ngoi
thc t.
th ng cong ca Recloser khi phi hp c iu chnh trn nh mc
ca cun dy ct i vi iu khin thy lc v nh mc nh nht trong iu khin
in t c ch nh trong thng s ca Recloser.
21
II.5.1. Ti tnh
Ti tnh c m hnh ho thnh 2 phn, mt l in tr v in khng mc
ni tip, v mt l in tr v in khng mc song song.
Vi phn ti tnh mc ni tip, in tr v in khng tn s c bn l:
(14)
vi:
V = in p
R = in tr
X = in khng
Fs = tn s c bn (phn ni tip)
S* = lin hp phc ca cng sut ti P jQ (trn mi pha)
S bin i tng tr theo bc ca hi c tnh theo cng thc:
(15)
Vi:
Z(H) = tng tr hi bc H
i vi phn ti tnh mc song song, in tr v in khng tn s c bn l:
(16)
vi:
R = in tr
X = in khng
V = in p
Fp = tn s c bn (phn song song)
P = kW
Q = kvar
S bin thin ca tng tr theo bc ca hi c cho bi cng thc:
23
(17)
vi:
(18)
vi:
Cp1 = h s m hiu ng b mt ca ti (phn song song ca ti)
Cp2 = h s m in khng ca ti (phn song song ca ti)
II.5.2. ng c khng ng b
ng c khng ng b c biu din bi m hnh lng sc i c tng tr
thay i theo tn s trt cho trc. in tr ng c khng ng b thay i
theo sng hi nh sau:
(19)
vi:
R0(H) = in tr th t khng hi bc H
in khng ng c khng ng b thay i theo sng hi nh sau:
(20)
X0(H) = in khng th t khng hi bc H
C4 = h s m in khng ng c
Tng tr tng ng trt cho trc c tnh bng cch s dng in
tr v in khng c iu chnh theo tn s nh trn ni. tn s sng hi,
trt c tnh nh sau:
(21)
vi:
24
s(H) = trt hi bc H
s1 = trt tn s c bn
Khi ng c khng ng b c ni t, tng tr ni y c tnh nh sau:
(22)
vi:
Zg(H) = tng tr ni t hi bc H
Rg = in tr ni t
Xg = in khng ni t
C1 = h s m hiu ng b mt ni t
C2 = h s m in khng ni t
in tr v in khng ni t mc ni tip.
II.5.3. ng c ng b
ng c ng b c biu din bi in khng siu qu v th t khng
ca n v bi in tr phn ng v th t nghch. in tr ng c ng b bin
thin theo sng hi nh sau:
(23)
vi:
Ra(H) = in tr phn ng hi bc H
R2(H) = in tr th t nghch hi bc H
in khng ng c ng b bin thin theo sng hi nh sau:
vi:
X"d(H) = in khng siu qu hi bc H
X0 = in khng th t khng
C4 = h s m in khng ng c
Tng tr ng c ng b th t thun, nghch v khng l:
25
(24)
vi:
Z0 = tng tr th t khng
Z1 = tng tr th t thun
Z2 = tng tr th t nghch
Khi ng c ng b c ni t, tng tr ni t c tnh nh sau:
(25)
vi:
Zg(H) = tng tr ni t hi bc H
C1 = h s m hiu ng b mt ni t
C2 = h s m in khng ni t
in tr v in khng ni t mc ni tip.
II.5.4. T in mc shunt
T in mc shunt c nh ngha bi cng sut phn khng (kvar) m n
cung cp in p danh nh. Reactor mc shunt tiu th cng sut phn khng.
Tng tr ca t in/reactor mc shunt bin thin theo sng hi nh sau:
(26)
vi:
kV = kV c bn ca t in
KVAra = cng sut phn khng ca t in
Khi t in/reactor mc shunt c ni t, tng tr ni t c tnh nh sau:
(27)
26
vi:
Zg(H) = tng tr ni t hi bc H
C1 = h s m hiu ng b mt ni t
C2 = h s m in khng ni t
in tr v in khng ni t mc ni tip.
II.5.5. ng cy v cp
C 3 m hnh sng hi cho ng dy. l:
ng dy IEEE
Cp IEEE
Hiu chnh ng dy di tu c th p dng cho c 3 m hnh.
ng dy IEEE (M hnh 1)
(28)
Cp IEEE ( M hnh 2)
(29)
ng dy v cp t to (M Hnh 4)
(30)
Vi:
27
r1 = in tr th t thun
x1 = in khng th t thun
b1 = tng dn nhnh th t thun
r0 = in tr th t khng
x0 = in khng th t khng
b0 = tng dn nhnh th t khng
C1 = h s m hiu ng b mt th t thun
C2 = h s m hiu ng b mt th t khng
C3 = h s m in khng th t thun
C4 = h s m in khng th t khng
C5 = h s m in np th t thun
C6 = h s m in np th t khng
II.5.6. Hiu chnh ng dy di
Hiu chnh ng dy di phi c p dng cho [r1(H), x1(H), b1(H)] v
[r0(H), x0(H), b0(H)] thu c cc thng s tp trung ca ng dy [R1(H),
X1(H), G1(H), B1(H)] v [R0(H), X0(H), G0(H), B0(H)] nh sau:
(31)
Thng s tp trung tng ng c tnh nh sau:
28
(32)
vi:
R1 = in tr th t thun
X1 = in khng th t thun
B1 = tng dn nhnh th t thun
R0 = in tr th t khng
X0 = in khng th t khng
B0 = tng dn nhnh th t khng
G0 = thng s tp trung in dn shunt th t khng
G1 = thng s tp trung in dn shunt th t thun
II.5.7. My bin p
C hai m hnh sng hi cho my bin p:
M hnh IEEE
M hnh t to (custom)
My bin p IEEE
Tng tr r c cho bi:
(34)
29
My bin p ty
Tng tr r c cho bi:
(33)
Tng tr ni t, nu c, c tnh ging nhau cho tt c cc m hnh ca my
bin p:
(35)
vi:
R1 = in tr
X1 = in khng
H = bc ca hi
C3 = h s m hiu ng b mt my bin p
C4 = h s m in khng my bin p
C1 = h s m hiu ng b mt ni t
C2 = h s m in khng ni t
II.5.8. Tnh ton sng hi
II.5.8.1. Tng dn v tng tr
Mi biu din tuyn tnh ca li in m hnh ha tng phn t bng mt
tng dn tnh tn s hi tng ng.
Ngun ca sng hi c xem nh khng hp thu bt c sng hi dng in
no.
mi tn s, ma trn tng dn v tha s s dng k thut thao tc trn ma
trn tha. S tha s ho mi tn s l cn thit v tng dn ca mi phn t thay
i theo tn s.
Ma trn tng dn c tnh theo s pha. Cc phn t m t bi d liu chui
c cha trong ma trn con 3x3 (trong phn tch 3 pha). Bc ca ma trn c tnh
lc bt u php tnh.
mi tn s, tng hng ca ma trn tng tr c tnh bng cch s dng ma
trn tng dn c tha s ha.
Dng in n v c y vo:
30
31
32
cho n khi kho m ra lun l kho ng, khi TOPO ngng li. Kt qu
mng c c l mng hnh tia c tn hao cng sut thc nh nht.
TOPO c th thc hin vi nhiu ti nhanh (snapshot); v nh ra cu hnh
mng in n c tn hao cng sut thc nh nht trn tt c cc snapshot. Khi
vic t mt kho khng th ti u cho bt k ti c bit snapshot no, nhng ph
hp cho vic kt hp cc kho. Khi phn tch cng lc nhiu snapshot, TOPO s
dng tn tht cng sut tc dng mi th ph ti vi nhng khong thi gian lin
quan.
TOPO xut ra bng tn tht ban u v cui cng ca mng in v s tin tit
kim t tn hao . Lng tn hao tit kim c tnh trn n v thi gian l nm
v chng trnh tnh c nng lng (tc dng v phn khng) v nhu cu (tc dng
v phn khng) , bng cch s dng gi tr ta ch nh trong mc
Network>Economics t thc n chnh (Main Menu).
II.6.1. Thit t thng s kinh t cho bi ton TOPO
Tnh kinh t ca mng in c s dng trong qu trnh phn tch tnh chi
ph nng lng v nhu cu: gi in, gi nng lng phn khng, gi nhu cu in,
v gi nhu cu nng lng phn khn.
t tu chn kinh t (economics): Ta chn Network>Economics. Thng s
kinh t trong bi ton TOPO cng ging nh trong bi ton tnh CAPO. C 2 bi
ton s dng cng nhng thng s ny tnh ton.
II.6.2. t cc ty chn cho bi ton TOPO
Chn Analysis>Options, chn Tag TOPO, ta c hp thoi sau:
Khi ta chn Consider branch overload limits, TOPO s tnh ton cho tt c
cc nhnh qu ti trc . Trong hp thoi Option ny, ta c th chn nhng th
ph ti m ta cn tnh ton ( to trong Category).
34
Customer Interruptions i N i
=
N
Customers served
(36)
: cng s c
i
35
Customer Interruption.Durations U i N i
=
N
Customers Served
(37)
Customer Interruptions
Customer Interrupted (39)
8760 U i N
8760
(40)
(ASAI<1)
Ch tiu ny c biu din di dng phn s ca thi gian (thng l phn trm),
ni ln thi gian c in ca khch hng trong nm hay trong thi gian c nh
trc.
ENS = La(i)ui
Tng in nng khng c cung cp bi h thng
La(i): cng sut ti trung bnh ti nt i
Ui: thi gian ct in hng nm
Trong bi ton phn tch DRA, PSS/ADEPT ch nhn mnh 4 ch s u tin
nh gi tin cy ca mt li in.
36
Li phn phi bao gm 1 Recloser (B1), 3 cu ch (F1, F2, F3) v 4 nhm khch
hng (C1, C2, C3, C4). Gi nh rng Re c thit t thng s cho ng cong ct
nhanh. cho n gin, gi nh rng khng c hin tng s c no xy ra trn
37
38
39
II.8.3. Khi ng my in
Khi khi ng ng c, ng c ng b c m hnh bi tng tr kho
rotor (locked rotor impedance), thng th s dng tng tr qu . m t tng
tr khi ng ph, ta c th thay i gi tr tng tr trong machine dictionary
Mt my in khng ng b c m hnh bi tng tr kho rotor (locked
rotor impedance). Gi tr tng tr kho rotor c th thay i trong bng thuc tnh
my in khng ng b. Khi ng my bin th t iu chnh
II.8.4. Khi ng my bin th t iu chnh
Trong PSS/ADEPT, ta c th chn cch khi ng ng c ni tip vi my
bn th t iu chnh (khi ng c b) hn ch dng khi ng, di th Startup ca bng thuc tnh my in ng b, chn chc nng Use autotransformer
(check vo hp k bn)
i vi my in ng b, tng tr ca my bin th c ly ra t Machine
Dictionary v khng th chnh sa c. i vi my in khng ng b, tng tr
khi ng ca my bin th c in trc tip trong phn cung cp. Tng tr my
bin th a ra l 0.65 dvtd.
Gi tr t vo thc cho khi ng ng c nm trong phn field provided.
40
41
II.8.5. Gia tc ng c
Trong khi ng gia tc ng c ng, mt m hnh ng c s dng trong
sut ton b tin trnh m phng gia tc ng c. Trong kho st ny, ta cn ch
nh moment ti m ng c phi ko.
V c s khc nhau trong cch m hnh ho vic khi ng ng c, ta c th
chn cch khi ng tnh nu nh ta quan tm n cc tc ng ca vic khi ng
ng c n cc loi ti khc trong h thng hay nu nh s liu ca m hnh ng
khng y .
Mc Khc, nu ta quan tm n thi gian gia tc thc hoc ng c khi ng
c hay khng, th ta nn chn m hnh gia tc ng c ng (dynamic motor
acceleration)
II.8.6. Khi ng ng c tnh
Trong phng php khi ng ng c tnh, ta ngm hiu rng ng c lun
khi ng thnh cng. Ta a ra thi gian gia tc 0% v 100% ti v chng trnh
s t ng ni suy ra thi gian gia tc da trn hai gi tr ny.
Trong khong thi gian gia tc, ng c c m hnh bi tng tr lockedrotor, n th hin kh nng mang dng ln nht t h thng v v c tc ng to tc
nht n cc ti khc trong h thng. Khi qua khong thi gian gia tc, ng c
c xem nh mt ti c cng sut khng i (tnh bng KVA).
42
43
Trong qu trnh khi ng ng c, khi qua khong thi gian gia tc, ng
c c xem nh mt ti c cng sut khng i. Mc ti c th thay i theo yu
cu ngi s dng.
III. X l s liu u vo
Xc nh cng sut tiu th ca tng ph ti l bi ton u tin cn gii quyt
cho mi bi ton tnh ton trong li in. y cng l vn c Cng ty quan
tm nhm la chn phng php thu thp d liu kh dng vi hin trng.
Sau y em xin trnh by mt s phng n thu thp, x l d liu phc v
cho s liu u vo cc bi ton tnh ton phn tch trong cc phn mm chuyn
ngnh in.
Vi:
Atram i
A l ra
(41)
Vi:
(42)
S
i =1
Vi:
tram i
(43)
45
46
Vi:
I max i
I max Mau
Ptaii max
(44)
48
Bc 2: Thu thp in nng tiu th ca tng pht tuyn (thng 4/2005) c cung
cp t Phng kinh doanh ca in lc thng qua vic c ch s in k u ngun
vo u thng, t s liu ny tnh ton c costrung bnh cho mi pht tuyn, t
costrung bnh tnh ton c cng sut trung bnh cho tng pht tuyn.
Bc 3: Thu thp in nng tiu th ca tng trm (thng 4/2005) c cung cp
t Phng kinh doanh ca in lc thng qua tp tin ha n ca tng trm khch
hng v trm cng cng. T s liu ny tnh ton c cng sut trung bnh ca
tng trm, trng hp trn tp tin ha n khng c in nng phn khng th tm
xem costrungbnh ca trm bng costrung bnh ca pht tuyn .
To s
Creating diagrams
BO CO
Reports, diagrams
49
IV.3. To s :
- V s li in cn tnh ton vo chng trnh PSS/ADEPT.
- Cp nht s liu u vo cho s li in.
IV.3.1.1. Ngun Source:
50
51