TRNG AI HOC DUY TN

KHOA DC

AN PBL V DC LIU
NGHIN CU V C IM THC VT, THANH PHN HOA HOC,
TAC DUNG DC LY CUA CY CHE DUNG
Symplocos racemosa Roxb.
D KIN DANG BAO CH, BAO BI ONG GOI

Gio vin hng dn :

DS. n g Xun Khoa

Nhm thc hi n

Phan Vn Si

Hoang Thanh Thin Bao

a Nng, ngay 30 thang 1 nm 2016

MUC LUC
T VN ..............................................................................................3
PHN 1. TNG QUAN.................................................................................4
1. V THC VT........................................................................................................4
1.1. V tr phn loi...................................................................................................4
1.2. Thanh phn cac loai trong chi............................................................................4
1.3. c im thc vt chi........................................................................................5
1.4. Ngun gc va phn b mt s loai dng lam thuc cac a phng...............5
Dung chum............................................................................................................... 6
Dung t................................................................................................................... 6
Dung en.................................................................................................................. 7
Dung hoa chy.........................................................................................................8
Dung la thon............................................................................................................. 9
Dung la tra...............................................................................................................9
Dung lang............................................................................................................... 10
Dung lua................................................................................................................. 11
Dung mc............................................................................................................... 11
Dung rt xanh.........................................................................................................11
Dung sn................................................................................................................12
PHN 2. THC NGHIM VA KT QU......................................................13
2.1. NGUYN LIU V PHNG PHP NGHIN CU.......................................13
2.1.1. i tng nghin cu...................................................................................13
2.1.2. a im thu hai...........................................................................................13
2.1.3. Phng phap nghin cu :............................................................................13
2.2. KT QU THC NGHIM V NHN XT......................................................13
2.2.1. Nghin Cu v thc vt...............................................................................13
2.2.1.1. c im hnh thai ca cy.......................................................................13
2.2.1.2. c im dc liu...................................................................................14
2.2.2. Nghin cu thanh phn ha hc...................................................................15
2.2.2.1. Flavonoid..................................................................................................15
2.2.2.2. Tanin.........................................................................................................18
PHN 3. CNG DUNG CUA THUC - D KIN DANG BAO CH................20
1. Cng dung cua thuc.............................................................................................20
1

 i Tng nn s dung:.....................................................................................20
2. D kin dang bao ch: Tra tui loc.........................................................................20
Quy trnh san xut tra tui lc.....................................................................................20
PHN 4. D KIN BAO BI ONG GOI.......................................................23
1. Tra tui loc:.............................................................................................................23
2. Tra ong chai (san phm ang trong qua trinh nghin cu)..................................24
PHN 5. MARKETING SN PHM............................................................26
Th mnh ca tra Bao Bao:.......................................................................................26
Nghin cu th trng:..............................................................................................26
1. Chnh sach gia ca:...............................................................................................27
2. Chnh sach phn phi:.........................................................................................27
3. Chnh sach nhn vin:.........................................................................................28
4. Chnh sach quang cao:........................................................................................28
5. Chnh sach khuyn mi:......................................................................................29
PHN 6. KIN NGHI XUT................................................................30
PHN 7. DANH MUC TAI LIU THAM KHO............................................31

T VN
Ch Dung theo kinh nghim dn gian trc y la mt phng thuc cha bnh,
c bit la bnh d day, bnh ta trang, si thn, gan nhim m...c ngi dn s dung
nh mt thc ung hng ngay (Trch Nhng cy thuc va v thuc Vit Nam cua c GS
Tt Li). Trong qua trnh nghin cu thc a v cy thuc ti ban ao Sn Tra ngay
9/1/2016, nhm khao sat chung ti phat hin cy ch Dung mc t nhin cao
khoang 300 n 1500 mt ri rac trn ban ao Sn Tra. La ti c ba con nng dn ban
a khai thac quanh nm, cao im t thang 9 n thang 12. Ngun dc liu th nay
c tiu thu cac quy thuc ng y nh l, cac c s kinh doanh thuc nam ti cac ch
trn a ban nh ch Dim (Ha Khanh nam), ch Cn Nhn thy y la ngun tai
nguyn thin nhin c tim nng kha ln, cn nghin cu nn nhm chung ti i vao
tm hiu c im thc vt, cac loai trong h,nghin cu thanh phn ha hc, cng dung
tr bnh ca cy ch Dung, c tn khoa hc la : Symplocos racemosa Roxb, nhm gp
mt phn nh b to c s cho nhng nghin cu quy m hn nhm phat trin ngun cy
dc liu, ch bin ra nhng san phm tiu dng cho x hi, to ra gia tr kinh t va gp
phn to vic lam cho ng bao vng nng thn ven ban ao Sn Tra.

PHN 1. TNG QUAN

1. V THC VT
1.1.

V tr phn loai

Ch Dung Sn Tra cn gi la Dung t, Mu ch, Dung chm Tn khoa hc la

Symplocos racemosa Roxb, thuc h Dung - Symplocaceae. B Ch Theales.
Cn phn bit vi hai loi khc cng h l:
-

Dung en, Dung la, Nhc Symplocos poilanei Guillaumin [S. glomerata King
ex Clarke subsp. Congesta (Benth.) Noot. Var poilanei (Guillaumin) Noot.] thu c
h Dung Symplocaceae.

Dung lua, Dung do Symplocos sumuntia Buch. Ham ex D. Don (S. caudata
Wall. Ex A. DC.), thu c h Dung Symplocaceae.

Sinh thi: Mc rai rac trong rng tha,i hoang, savan cy bui cao ti
2000m
Phn b: Lao Cai, Lng Sn, Bc Giang, Phu Th, Vinh Phuc, Ha Ni, Hai
Phng, Ninh Bnh, Thanh Ha vao Gia Lai, c Lc, Lm ng Khanh Ha, Ninh
Thun, Bnh Phc, Ba Ra-Vng Tau, An Giang.
1.2.

Thanh phn cac loai trong chi

Mt s loai trong h Dung (Symplocaceae).

S. adenophylla - dung ch, cy g nh, ng Dng

S. chapaensis - dung Sa pa, cy g nh, ng Dng

S. cochinchinensis - dung nam, cy g nh, Vit Nam

S. coreana - cy bui, la sm rung, cao ti 5m; Nht Ban, Triu Tin

S. ferruginea: Khao[1]
4

S. glauca - cy g, thng xanh, cao ti 15m; Nht Ban, ai Loan, Trung

Quc, ng Dng

S. lancifolia - cy g, thng xanh, cao ti 5m; Nht Ban

S. lucida - Trung Quc, Nht Ban, ai Loan, Nam , Malesia

S. myrtacea - cy g, thng xanh, cao ti 10m; Nht Ban

S. paniculata - cy bui, la sm rung, cao ti 8m; Nht Ban, Han Quc; ph bin
nh mt loi cy canh.

S. poilanei - dung sn, g nh

S. prunifolia - cy g, thng xanh, cao ti 10m; Nht Ban, Triu Tin

S. racemosa - Trung Quc, Nam

S. sordida - dung ua, g nh

S. tanakae - cy g, thng xanh; Nht Ban

S. theophrastaefolia - cy g, thng xanh, cao ti 15m; Nht Ban, ai Loan,

Trung Quc
Vit Nam c 1 chi: 35 loi.
1.3.

c im thc vt chi

Symplocos la mt chi thc vt c hoa trong b Ericales. N cha khoang 300 loai
phn b chu va chu M. Nhiu loai mc cac vng nhit i m. y la chi
duy nht trong gia nh Symplocaceae. Cac loai trong chi nay thng la cy g hay
cy bui, vi cac la c kha rng ca, thiu la km, thng c mau hi vang. Hoa mau
trng hay vang mc thanh cum vi cac hoa nh. Bu nhuy nh. Qua la loi qua hch.
1.4.

Ngun gc va phn b mt s loai dng lam thuc cac a phng.

y chung ti ch gii thiu mt s loai c trong t in cy thuc Vit Nam ca tac

gia V Vn Chi
5

Gii thiu mt s loi c ghi trong t in cy thuc Vit Nam:

Dung chum

Dung chum Symplocos glomerata King ex C.B. Clarke var.Glomerata, thu c h Dung
Symplocaceae.
Phn b: Lao Cai, Lai Chu, Quang Ninh, Vinh Phuc, Ha N i, Gia Lai, ng Nai.Cn
c n , Mianma, Nam Trung Quc va ban ao M Lai.
B ph n dng: R Radix Symplocoris Glomeratae.
Cng dung: Vn Nam (Trung Quc), r dng tr n ng.
Dung t

Dung t, Mu ch, Dung chm Symplocos racemosa Roxb., thu c h Dung

Symplocaceae.
Phn b: Lao Cai, Lng Sn, Bc Giang, Phu Th, Vinh Phuc, Ha N i, Hai Phng, Ninh
Bnh, Thanh Ha vao Gia Lai, k Lk, Lm ng, Khanh Ha, Ninh Thu n, Bnh
Phc, Bnh Dng, ng Nai, Ba Ra Vng Tau va An Giang.Cn phn b n ,
Mianma, Thai Lan, Campuchia, Lao, Nam Trung Quc.
B ph n dng: V cy, v r, la Cortex, Cortex Radicis e Folium Symplocoris
Racemosae.
Cng dung: Hoa rt thm, rt c ong a thch. Qua n c, v c dng nhu m
va ca gi mau. V dng cha rong kinh, au bung, au ru t, b nh v mt, lot. Nc
sc cn dng lam thuc suc mi ng cha li rng chay mau; cng c dng cha ai
ra ng trp. La c dng lam ch ung cho tiu cm; cng c dng cha au bung
va a chay. Ngi ta cn dng nc sc va sirla dung t cha au d day c tng toan
n , v cy Dung t c dng di dng b t hay thuc sc tr au bung, cac
b nh au mt va cac vt lot.
Trung Quc, la c dng tr au mt nhi t; r dng tr n ng.

Dung en

Dung en, Dung la, Nhc Symplocos poilanei Guillaumin [S. glomerata King ex
Clarke subsp. Congesta (Benth.) Noot. Var poilanei (Guillaumin) Noot.] thu c h Dung
Symplocaceae.
Phn b: Quang Ninh, Ha N i, Ninh Bnh, Quang Tr, a Nng, Lm ng, Khanh
Ha.Cn c Trung Quc.
B ph n dng: La Folium Symplocoris Poilanei.
Cng dung: G mm, dng la nha va c thng thng. La Dung en nu nc dng
tm gh va tr nm.
Dung hoa chy

Dung hoa chy, Dung la tao, Dung tau Symplocos paniculata (Thunb.) Wall. Ex D.
Don, thu c hc Dung Symplocaceae.
Phn b: nc ta, c g p t Lao Cai, Sn La, Lng Sn, Ninh Bnh ti Tha Thin
Hu.Cn phn b Bc n , Mianma, Trung Quc, ao ai Loan, Triu Tin, Nh t
Ban, Lao.
B ph n dng: - Toan cy Herba Symplocoris Paniculatae.
Cng dung: Vn Nam (Trung Quc), dng tr vim tuyn sa, vim hch Lympho, san
kh, au vim ru t, ung th d day, st cao khng ni c va vt thng bng chay. C
ni dng la tr dao chm xut huyt va dng d tr si cp tnh. Qua chit c du thp.
V, r va la c dng trong nng dc.
n , v cy cng c dng nh v cy Dung t Symplocos racemosa lam tng
trng lc, dng tr au mt.
Dung la thon

Dung la thon, Dung la mac Symplocos lancifolia Sieb. Et Zucc., thu c h Dung
Symplocaceae.
Phn b: Lao Cai, Cao Bng, Lng Sn, Quang Ninh vao Ngh An, Quang Tr, Tha
Thin Hu va a Nng.Cn phn b n , Trung Quc, Nh t Ban, Philippin.
B ph n dng: R, la Radix et Folium Symplocoris Lancifoliae.
Cng dung: R c s dung Vn Nam (Trung Quc) lam thuc tr n ng. La nu
nc ung thay tra va cng c s dung Quang Ty (Trung Quc) lam thuc tr sang
tit, b nh mun cm va ngoi thng xut huyt.
9

Dung la tra

Dung la tra, Dung ng Symplocos laurina (Retz.) Wall [S. cochinchinensis Lour. ssp.
Laurina (Retz.) Noot.], thu c h Dung Symplocaceae.
Phn b: Lao Cai, Sn La, Quang Ninh, Hai Dng, Bc Ninh, Phu Th, Ha N i, Ha
Nam, Ninh Bnh, Thanh Ha, Quang Tr, Tha Thin Hu, a Nng, Quang Nam, Kon
Tum, Gia Lai, k Lk, Lm ng, Khanh Ha, Ninh Thu n, Bnh Phc, Bnh Dng,
Ty Ninh, ng Nai, Ba Ra- Vng Tau va Kin Giang. Cn c n , Xri Lanca,
Mianma, Trung Quc, Lao, Campuchia, Thai Lan.
B ph n dng: R, v cy Radix et Cortex Symplocoris Laurinae.
Cng dung: R va v cy c s dung lam thuc tr n ng, thng phong u vang,
ngi nng mi ng khat va cam mo st cao; v cy cn dng cha ly, a chay va h u
bi, t la dng p tr bng.
Dung lang
Dung lang, Dung sang Symplocos lucida (Thumb.) Sieb, et Zucc. (S. elephantis
Guilaumin, S. ernestii Dunn), thu c h Dung Symplocaceae.
Phn b: Quang Ninh, Ha N i, Tha Thin Hu, Kon Tum, k Lk, Lm ng, An
Giang. Cn c n , Mianma, Trung Quc, Nh t Ban, Lao, Campuchia, Thai Lan,
Malaixia, Indonexia, Philippin.
B ph n dng: R, la Radix et Folium Symplocoris Lucidae.
10

Cng dung: R c dng Vn Nam (Trung Quc) lam thuc ch khai, tiu trng; la
dng tr ho va suyn nghch.
Dung lua

Dung lua, Dung do Symplocos sumuntia Buch. Ham ex D. Don (S. caudata Wall. Ex
A. DC.), thu c h Dung Symplocaceae.
Phn b: nc ta, c g p t Lao Cai, Phu Th, Ha Bnh, Ha N i, Ha Nam, Ninh
Bnh, Thanh Ha, Tha Thin Hu, a Nng, Kon Tum, Gia Lai, k Lk, Lm ng,
Ninh Thu n n ng Nai. Cn phn b n , Nepan, Mianma, Trung Quc, Triu
Tin, Nh t Ban, Lao, Campuchia, Thai Lan va Malaixia.
B ph n dng: R, la, hoa Radix, Folium et Flos Symplocoris Sumuntiae.
Cng dung: Vn Nam (Trung Quc), r, hoa dng tr hoang an, ho, phong thp t au;
la dng tr vim amygdal cp tnh va l mi ng.
Dung mc
Dung mc, Dung xanh, Dung xam Symplocos glauca (Thunb.) Koidz, thu c h Dung
Symplocaceae.
Phn b: Lao Cai, Phu Th, Ha N i, Quang Tr, a Nng, Kon Tum, Gia Lai, Lm
ng. Cn c n , Mianma, Trung Quc, ai Loan, Nh t Ban.
B ph n dng: V thn Cortex Symplocoris Glaucae.
Cng dung: Vn Nam (Trung Quc) v thn c dng lam thuc tr cam mo.
11

Dung rt xanh
Dung rt xanh Symplocos viridissima Brand, thu c h Dung Symplocaceae.
Phn b: Quang Ninh, Vinh Phuc, a Nng, Lm ng. Cn c n , Mianma, Nam
Trung Quc.
B ph n dng: La Folium Symplocoris Viridissimae.
Cng dung: Vn Nam (Trung Quc), la c dng lam thuc ch huyt.
Dung san

Dung sn, Dung Nam, Dung b p Symplocos cochinchinensis (Lour.) S. Moore, thu c
h Dung Symplocaceae.
Phn b: nc ta, c g p ti Sn La, Quang Ninh, Tuyn Quang, Bc Cn, Thai
Nguyn, Phu Th, Vinh Phuc, Ha N i, Ha Nam, Ninh Bnh, Thanh Ha, Quang Tr,
Tha Thin Hu, a Nng, Quang Nam, Lm ng va m t s ni Nam B . Cn c
n , Mianma, Thai Lan, Lao, Trung Quc, Nh t Ban n Malaixia, Indonexia,
Philippin va Irian.
B ph n dng: R Radix Symplocoris Cochinchinensis.
Cng dung: R c dng Vn Nam (Trung Quc) lam thuc tr ho.

12

PHN 2. THC NGHIM VA KT QU

2.1. NGUYN LIU V PHNG PHP NGHIN CU
2.1.1. i tng nghin cu
Cy ch Dung Symplocos racemosa Roxb, thuc h Dung - Symplocaceae. B Ch
Theales.
2.1.2. a im thu hai
Thu hai trn Ban ao Sn Tra cao t 300-1500m.
2.1.3. Phng phap nghin cu :
-

Nghin cu c im thc vt : Nghin cu c im sinh thai ca cy trn

thc a,thu mu quan sat,i chiu cac tai liu nghin cu v thc vt
trc y nh danh cy Dung trn Sn tra.
Nghin cu cac thanh phn ha hc ti phng th nghim,i chiu so sanh
vi cac tai liu nghin cu trc y nhm so sanh thanh phn, ham lng
hot cht.

2.2. KT QU THC NGHIM V NHN XT

2.2.1. Nghin Cu v thc vt
2.2.1.1.

c im hinh thai cua cy

M t: Cy dung t la loi cy nh, v nc su, cao 1,5-2m, nhng c th cao 4-5m hay
8-9m (nu lu khng b n cht). La mc so le, day, cung ngn, hnh trng thun
dai, pha cung hp li, phin la dai 9-15cm, rng 3-6cm, mp c rng ca ngn, tha,
mt nhn, khi kh c mau vang xanh hay vang nu. Hoa nhiu, mau trng hay vang luc
nht, mc thanh chm nach la hay u canh. Hoa mc thanh cum, c 1 la hoa va 2 la
hoa con mc i nhau hay mc nh cung hoa; ai 5 - 2 hp; trang 5 - 4 canh trng,
kch thc 4-5 mm, sm rung; nh nh thanh b hay thanh ng va nh trn ng trang;
13

bu di.Cung hoa ngn, trn mt c ph lng en mn mau hung. Hoa c mi thm,

nn ong rt thch. Qua hch thng hnh bu duc hay hnh thoi c vt tch ai chum rt
ln nh n c, hnh thun dai, dai 6-10mm, trn nh c phin ai, tht qua mau tm
. Ht thng 1-3 ht, mau nu.
Ni sng v thu hi: Loai cy ca luc a Nam , mc rng tha, savan cy g, qun
h th sinh trn t ngho cao thp va ti cao 1500m t Cao Bng, Lng Sn,
Vinh Phu, Quang Ninh n cac tnh vng Ty Nguyn. Cn phn b n , Nam
Trung Quc, Lao, Campuchia.
Thu hai v thn hay v r quanh nm, bc v v phi hay sy kh; v mm, d gy vun.
La thu hai quanh nm, mang v phi hay sy kh dng dn.
B phn dng: V cy, v r, la - Cortex, Cortex Radicis et Folium Symplocoris
Racemosae.
Tnh v, tc dng theo dn gian: V c v se hi thm, tnh mat.
Cng dng, ch nh v phi hp theo kinh nghim y hc c truyn Trung Hoa v
Vit Nam: Hoa rt thm, rt c ong a thch. Qua n c, v c dng nhum
va ca gi mau. V dng cha rong kinh, au bung, au rut, bnh v mt, lot. Nc
sc cn dng lam thuc suc ming cha li rng chay mau; cng c dng cha
ai ra dng trp. La c dng lam ch ung cho tiu cm; cng dng cha au bung
va cha a chay. Ngi ta cn dng nc sc va xir la Dung t cha au d day c tng
toan (Bnh vin Vit Tip Hai Phng s dung vi liu 15-30g la kh mi ngay cho
ngi ln, t kt qua tt).
n , v cy Dung t c dng di dng bt hay thuc sc tr au bung, cac bnh
au mt va cac vt lot.
Trung Quc, la c dng tr au mt nhit, r dng tr n ng. Cha rong kinh do s
dn n ca cac m t cung va cha ai ra mau: V Dung t tan bt trn vi ng,
vi liu 1g, ngay ung 3 ln, lin tuc trong 3-4 ngay.
2.2.1.2.

c im dc liu

La thu hai trn rng v phi kh. La c mau vang xanh nht hoc vang nu nht. Mi
thm nh c trng.

14

2.2.2. Nghin cu thanh phn hoa hoc

Thanh phn ha hc : La c tanin, hp cht flavonoid.(Theo t in cy thuc cua tac
gia V Vn Chi)
2.2.2.1.

Flavonoid

Cac dn cht flavonoid c kha nng dp tt cac gc t do nh HO *, ROO*. Cac gc nay

sinh ra trong t bao bi nhiu nguyn nhn va khi sinh ra cnh DNA,cac cht bo mang t
baoth s gy ra nhng anh hng nguy hi nh gy bin d, hy hoi t bao, gy ung
th, tng nhanh s lo hoa.
Th nghim cho thy kha nng lam mt gc t do ca mt s flavonoid theo th t:
myricetin >quercetin> rhammetin> morin> diosmetin> naringenin> apigenin>
catechin> 5,7 dihydroxy-3', 4', 5' trimethoxy flavon> robinin> kaempferol> flavon.
Flavonoid to c phc vi cac ion kim loi ma chnh cac ion kim loi nay la xuc tac
ca nhiu phan ng oxy hoa. Cac flavonoid c 3,5,3',4' hydroxy c kha nng lin kt tt
vi cac ion kim loi theo phc oxychromon, oxycarbonyl hoc 3',4' orthodioxyphenol.

Thanh phn ca mang t bao c cac cht lipid d b peroxyd hoa, to ra nhng san phm
lam ri lon s trao i cht cng dn n s hu hoi t bao. a cac cht chng oxy
hoa nh flavonoid vao c th bao v t bao th c th ngn nga cac nguy c nh x
va ng mch, tai bin mch, lo hoa , tn thng do bc x, thoai hoa gan...
Flavonoid cng vi acid ascorbic acid ascorbic tham gia trong qua trnh hot ng ca
enzym oxy hoa - kh. Flavonoid cn c ch tac ng ca hyaluronidase. Enzym nay lam
tng tnh thm ca mao mch. Khi enzym nay tha th gy hin tng xut huyt di da
ma y hc gi la bnh thiu vit. P (P avitaminose). Cac ch phm cha flavonoid chit t
cac loai Citrus nh "Cemaflavone", "Circularine"....
15

Flavonoid t la bc ha (diosmin) nh "Daflon", "Diosmil", flavonoid t hoa ho (rutin)

vi nhiu bit dc khac nhau chng minh tac dung lam bn thanh mch, lam giam
tnh "dn" va tnh thm ca mao mch. Tac dung nay c hp lc cng vi acid
ascorbic. Flavonoid c dng trong cac trng hp ri lon chc nng tinh mch, tinh
mch b suy yu, gin tinh mch, tri, chay mau do t vng trong phu khoa, cac bnh
trong nhn khoa nh sung huyt kt mc, ri lon tun hoan vng mc. Cac dn cht
anthocyanosid c tac dung tai to t bao vng mc va c chng minh c tac dung
tng th lc vao ban m.
Tac dung chng c ca flavonoid th hin lam giam thng tn gan, bao v c chc
nng gan khi mt s cht c c a vao c th suc vt th nghim (CCl4, benzen,
ethanol, CHCl3, quinin, novarsenol...) Di tac dung ca flavonoid ngng acid ascorbic
c n nh ng thi lng glycogen trong gan tng. S tch lu glycogen c nghia
quan trng trong vic nng cao chc nng giai c gan.
Vic s dung mt s dc liu trong iu tr vim gan, x gan, bao v t bao gan rt hiu
qua nh: cy actis, c bit dc la Chophytol. Cy Silibum marianum Gaertn c bit
dc "Legalon"; cy but dm - Hibiscus sabdariffa.
Tac dung kch thch tit mt th hin cac cht thuc nhm flavanon, flavon, flavonol va
flavan-3-ol.
Flavonoid th hin tac dung chng co tht nhng t chc c nhn (tui mt, ng dn mt,
ph quan va mt s t chc khac). V du apigenin c tac dung lam giam co tht ph quan
gy ra bi histamin, acetylcholin, seretonin.
Trn b may tit niu, nhiu flavonoid thuc nhm flavon, flavanon, flavonol th hin tac
dung thng tiu r rt. Scoparosid trong Sarothamnus scoparius, lespecapitosid
trong Lespedeza capitata, quercitrin trong la dip ca, flavonoid ca cy ru mo u c
tac dung thng tiu.
Tac dung chng lot ca flavanon va chalcon glycosid ca r cam thao c ng dung
cha au d day. Mt s dn cht khac nh catechin, 3-O-methyl catechin, naringenin
cng c th thy c tac dung chng lot.
Tac dung chng vim ca nhiu flavonoid thuc cac nhm flavon, flavanon,
dihydroflavonol, anthocyanin, flavan-3-ol, chalcon, isoflavon, biflavon, 4-aryl coumarin,
4-aryl chroman u c chng minh bng thc nghim do cac cht flavonoid nay c ch
con ng sinh tng hp prostagladin.
16

Ngi ta s dung rutin, citrin, leucodelphinidin, quercetin, catechin iu tr ban ,

vim da, tn thng da va mang nhy trong trng hp x tr.
Trn h tim mch, nhiu flavonoid thuc nhm flavonol, flavan-3-ol, anthocyanin nh
quercetin, rutin, myricetin, pelargonin, hn hp catechin ca tra c tac dung lam tng
bin co bp va tng th tch phut ca tim, th nghim lam hi phuc tim khi b ng c
bi CHCl3, quinin, methanol, bnh thng li s ri lon nhp.
Cao chit t la cy bch qua - Ginko biloba cha cac dn cht 3-rutinosid ca
kaempferol, quercetin va isorhammetin (trong la gia vang th cha ginkgetin va
isoginkgetin) c mt s hng ca Phap bao ch thanh bit dc v du "Ginkogink",
"Tanakan" c tac dung tng tun hoan mau trong ng mch, tinh mch va mao mch.
Thuc dng cho nhng ngi c biu hin lo suy: ri lon tr nh, kha nng lam vic
bng tr c sut km, mt tp trung t tng, hay cau gt.
Trn h thn kinh, mt s C-Flavon glycosid ca ht tao - Ziziphus vulgaris var. spinosus
(cha spinosin, swertisin va cac dn cht acyl ca spinosin) c tac dung an thn r rt.
Mt s tai liu gn y c ni n tac dung chng ung th ca mt s cht nh
leucocyanidin, leucopelargonidin, leucodelphinidin va tac dung khang HIV ca mt s
dn cht thuc nhm flavon nh chrysin, acacetin 7-O--D-galactopyranosid.
Cac dn cht thuc nhm isoflavonoid c tac dung estrogen v du genistein (=5,7,4'
trihydroxyisoflavon) daizein (= 7,4' dihydroxyisoflavon). Tac dung nay c giai thch
do s gn nhau v cu truc vi diethylstilboestrol.

17

Mt s flavonoid khac thuc nhm rotenoid nh cht rotenon c trong dy mt - Derris

ellipticaBenth th tac dung dit cn trng c bit va c ng dung t lu.
2.2.2.2.

Tanin

i vi thc v t, tanin tham gia vao qua trnh trao i cht, cac qua trnh oxy ha kh.
La nhng cht polyphenol c v chat, tanin cng la nhng cht bao v cho cy chng li
s xm hi ca vi khun, nm mc gy b nh, cn trng va cac gia suc n c.
Dung dch tanin kt hp vi protein, to thanh mang trn nim mc nn ng dung lam
thuc sn da. Tanin cn c tac dung khang khun nn dng lam thuc suc mi ng khi b
vim lot nim mc mi ng, hng, ho c bi, ra ch lot khi nm lu. Tanin c th dng
trong cha vim ru t, cha tiu chay.
Tanin kt ta vi kim loi n ng va vi alcaloid nn dng cha ng c ng tiu ha
gy ra bi cac cht trn.
Tanin c tac dung lam ng mau nn dng p ln vt hng cm mau, cha tri, r
h u mn.
M t s ellagitanin c nghin cu thy c tac dung chng ung th, v du m t s cht c
trong ba cy thu c h Hoa Hng sau y: gemin A trong cy Geum japonicum,
agrimoniin trong r cy Agrimonia pilosa, rugosin D c trong hoa Rosa rugosa u c tac
dung khang Sarcoma 180 trn chu t. Alnusiin c trong qua cy Alnus sieboldia
(Betulaceae) cng c tac dung khang ung th.
Nhiu cht tanin c tac dung chng oxy ha, loi cac gc t do trong c th, giup lam
ch m qua trnh lo ha.
Trong cng nghi p, tanin ch yu c dng thu c da. Hang trm ngan tn tanin di
dng cao chit thc v t c tiu thu mi nm.

18

PHN 3. CNG DUNG CUA LA CHE DUNG - D KIN DANG

BAO CH
1. Cng dung:
-

Tng cng chc nng tiu ha cho c th

Giup tiu ha tt, kch thch h tiu ha, giup n ngon ming hn
Cha bnh tiu ha km, au bung, y bung khng tiu
Thanh lc c th, tiu c, tiu m (h tr giam cn)
H tr iu tr vim d day

i Tng nn s dung:
- Ngi suy giam chc nng tiu ha
- Ngi n ung kh tiu, km n, au bung, y hi
- Ngi mc bnh i trang, vim nhim ng tiu ha
- Ngi mc bnh vim d day

2. D kin dng bao ch: Tra tui lc

Quy trinh san xut tra tui loc

Ra
nguy
n
liu

Dit
men

Nu
ln 1

Nu
ln 2

C
cao

Sy
b

V,
sang

Tm
tra

Sy
tra

ng
gi

Ra nguyn li u
Muc ch:

19

Lam sch nguyn li u, chun b cho qua trnh ch bin

Di t men
Muc ch:
- S dung nhi t cao pha hy h thng enzym c trong nguyn li u . Do , nh
ch s oxy ha cac cht, nht la tanin, gi mau xanh t nhin va v chat ca nguyn li u.
- Lam bay hi i m t phn nc ca nguyn li u, lam giam ap lc trng n ca t bao,
do la tr nn mm du, thu n li cho qua trnh v.
- Lam bay i mi hng ngai ca nguyn li u, bc u to hng thm cho tra.

Nu va c cao
Muc ch:
Chit hot cht c trong la (Flavonoid, Tanin)

V, sang
Muc ch:
- V lam d p t bao ca la lam dch ch thoat ra b mt sau khi sy s lam cho
canh ch bng hn va sau khi pha nc, dch tra chuyn vao nc pha d dang hn.
- V lam cho canh ch xon cht va giam th tch.
20

- Sang tranh cho ch khi vn cuc va cn c tac dung lam ngu i, tranh qua trnh oxy
ha c th xay ra.

Tm tra
Muc ch:
Khi s dung tra, hot cht nhanh chng c ha tan vao nc

Sy tra
Muc ch:
Nguyn li u sau khi v c a vao sao ln sao n kh. Muc ch ca sao ln la
va lam giam lng nc trong tra va lam cho tra xon cht, c ngoi hnh p, mau
nc xanh va hng thm d chu. Thi gian sao ln t 15-20 phut, nhit 150
200 0C. Sau giam nhit xung cn 120 0C trong khoang thi gian 20 phut. Sau
tip tuc giam nhit xung cn 80-90 0C. Sau tip tuc sao cho n khi tra kh gin.
Tra thanh phm phai t m trong bup ch cn 3-5%.

21

PHN 4. D KIN BAO BI ONG GOI

Theo kt qua iu tra th trng ca chung ti, mt s lng ln khach hang t 25 tui
tr ln thch kiu tra truyn thng, mong mun c thng thc tra vi s m nng
nhng khng bit cach pha ch hoc c qua t thi gian cho vic nay. San phm tra Bao
Bao s c tung ra th trng ung vao dp thi tit bt u chuyn lnh, t bit ma
Tt nm nay, hy vng s em li s m ap cho qu khach hang.
San phm ca chung ti bao gm 2 hnh thc la: Tra tui lc (Sp tung ra th trng)va Tra
ng chai (ang trong qua trnh nghin cu)

1. Tra tui lc:

Ph hp vi i tng thch thng thc tra theo cach truyn thng, dng khi ung tra ti
nha hoc c quan, khi tip khach, c bi t trong nhng ngay ma ng.
Hnh anh san phm :

22

Ch vi mt t nc nng va mt chic cc hay m nh bn c th t to cho mnh mt

tach tra Bao Bao m nng ngay ti nha.

2. Tra ng chai (san phm ang trong qua trnh nghin cu)

23

Tra ng chai nhng vn gi c hng v truyn thng, ph hp vi mi i tng

khach hang mi tng lp khac nhau. Chai nh gn, mi ngi c th mang theo mnh
khi i lam, i chi,thng thc mi luc mi ni.

24

PHN 5. MARKETING SN PHM

Gia cuc sng cng nghip hin nay, con ngi lun phi tip xc vi nhng
thc n, nc ung khng m bo cht lng cng nh rt nhiu ha cht c hi
c s dng ln lt trong thc phm. Do , cc bnh v ng tiu ha ngy mt
nhiu hn, kh kim sot hn. Rt nhiu ngi trong mi chng ta phi sng hng
thng hng nm vi cn bnh au d dy, au i trng mn tnh. Chng nh hng
khng nh n n np, thi quen sinh hot, thi gian v quan trng hn l sc khe
ca mi c nhn, c bit i vi la tui t 25 tr i. Vi nhng nghin cu trong
thi gian di v l ch Dung, chng ti cho ra i sn phm tr thanh nhit gii
c Bo Bo. n gin v tin dng, hp l v gi c, by gi bn c th cm nhn
c hng v va truyn thng va mi m bt k u, bt k thi gian no bn
cnh khch hng, bn b v ngi thn!

Th manh cua tra Bao Bao:

-

Chng oxy ha, chng gc t do

Giam nguy c mc bnh tim mch, t quy
Cng c h thng min dch
Chng ung th.

Chnh v nhng tnh nng a dng nh vy, chung ti tin san phm tra Bao Bao khi c
tung ra th trng s chim c lng tin t ngi tiu dng, c bit la trong bi canh
cuc sng hin nay, sc khe ca con ngi lun tim n nguy c b tn cng bi cac
cht phu gia trong thc phm, cac c t v nh hnh.

Nghin cu th trng:
Muc tiu:
-

Tm hiu nhu cu khach hang, mc hiu bit ca khach hang v san phm
25

Xac nh nhu cu s dung cng nh tnh hp dn ca san phm i vi pha khach

hang
Tm ra khach hang tim nng
Rut ra c s nh hng phat trin san phm

Hi n nay, trn th trng dc phm c rt nhiu cng ty dc san xut kinh doanh san
phm la cac loi thc phm chc nng v tiu ha, au d day, San phm a dng va
phong phu v chng loi, mu m va bao b. V v y , hi n nay s cnh tranh v cac san
phm trn th trng la gay gt. y la m t thach thc ca cac cng ty dc.

Do , nhm chung ti ra cc chin lc sau:

1. Chnh sach gia ca:
Hp l: 30 ngan/hp/20 gi
2. Chnh sach phn phi:
- Phn phi trc tip:
Lam n gian ha vi c phn phi ca hang va tit ki m chi ph trn m t san
phm.
Tip c n c vi khach hang, tm hiu c th hiu ca khach hang c
th b sung thm nhng san phm mi ph hp vi s thch va mong mun
ca khach hang.
Khach hang c th gi i n thoi t hang, chung ti s giao hang t n nha,
t n tnh, chu ao.
Hnh thc ban hang qua Internet.
- Phn phi gian tip:
Giam bt nhng mi quan h vi khach hang va t n dung c cac mi quan
h trung gian sn c.
S dung cac hnh thc nh: ngi ban bun, ban l, i l va i l c
quyn.

26

3. Chnh sach nhn vin:

-

Tch cc, nhit tnh, lun ti ci, ci m.

Trang phuc gn gang, sch s.

4. Chnh sach quang cao:

Muc ch:
- Thm nh p th trng va xuc tin ban hang.
- Thu hut s chu ca mi ngi.
- Quang ba thng hi u san phm tra Bao Bao.
Tiu ch:
-

t cht lng san phm ln hang u.

Ly khach hang lam trung tm.

Quang cao ngn hn:

-

Hnh thc: phat t ri va san phm dng th.

a im: cac khu vui chi, cng vin; trng tiu hc, trung hc ph

thng, trng i hc va m t s cng ty.

Gi i n thoi, gi mail cho khach hang gii thi u san phm.
27

Quang cao dai hn:

-

Hnh thc: quang cao trn truyn hnh, trn Internet thng qua Facebook,
Youtube,, quang cao trn bao, dan poster ti cac ni bt mt nh siu th,
bn xe.

5. Chnh sach khuyn mi:

-

T n g km dng nh cc, bat ia,c in logo tra Bao Bao cho khach

hang mua vi s lng ln.

Ban hang giam gia (5-10%) vao nhng dp c bi t nh Tt C Truyn,

Tt Trung Thu, ngay Nha Giao Vi t Nam

T chc cac chng trnh bc thm trung thng.

28

- PHN 6. KIN NGHI XUT

-

Do qua trnh khao sat thc a trong thi gian ngn nn chung ti

cha th nh danh chnh xac loai Dung trn ban ao Sn Tra. Nu tai c
php i tip chung ti s c gng xac nh chnh xac tn cng nh tm hiu thm
cac loai Dung c mt trn ban ao Sn Tra.
-

Tin hanh cac th nghim xac nh thanh phn hot cht, cu th la

thanh phn hot cht c tac dung, thanh phn hot cht c c tnh va ham lng
ca chung nhm nghin cu cac phng phap tach chit thch hp.
-

a ra dng bao ch ph hp cho san phm thay v i theo con

ng thc phm chc nng.

-

Nghin cu bao tn va phat trin ngun dc liu nu nhn thy

c tim nng ca dc liu nay.

29

- PHN 7. DANH MUC TAI LIU THAM KHO

1.
2.
3.
4.

Tt Li, 2006. Cy thuc va v thuc Vit Nam. Ha N i: Nha xut ban Y hc.
V Vn Chi, 2011. T in cy thuc Vi t Nam. Ha N i: Nha xut ban Y hc.
Ng Vn Thu va Trn Hng, 2011. Dc li u hoc. Ha N i: Nha xut ban Y hc.
Nguyn Vn Li, 2006. Lu n vn Khao sat tnh a dang sinh hoc, tinh hinh s
dung va tac dung cha b nh da day cua cac loai trong chi Symplocos Jacq. Kim

Bi Ha Bnh.
5. http://www.cfh.ac.cn/Spdb/spsearch.aspx
6. Abbasi, M.A., V.U. Ahmad, M. Zubair, N. Fatima and U. Farooq et al.,
2004. Phosphodiesterase

and

thymidine

phosphorylase-inhibiting

salirepin

derivatives from Symplocos racemosa. Planta Med., 70: 1189-1194

7. http://pharmacologia.com/abstract.php?doi=pharmacologia.2014.76.83#116491b

30