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MS - 05
Management of Machines and Materials
MS-05/TMA/SEM - II/2016
All Blocks
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1. There are many stages involved in bringing a new output to the market. Why cant the stages be
performed in smooth sequence.
Product selection as --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------. Figure II
assumes that after three years of research, fifty potential chemical product-ideas are available for consideration. Initial.
screening reduces this number to about half and after economic analysis, by the end of year four, the number of potential
products decreases to nine. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The curve also shows that converting product ideas into marketable products is a slow process. For chemical products, on an
average it takes six years to commercialise a product after the initial research has been completed, as is shown by Figure II.
At the end of it all, a product commercially launched may not turn out to be successful and the mortality may extend to the
product as well.
The actual figures in --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- testing and would perhaps also waitit-out to see how some others have fared with similar products.
2. What do you understand by work study, method study and work measurement? Highlight the basis
steps involved.
Work study is indeed an important tool for achieving higher productive efficiency of an organisation in a scientific
manner. Work study is a ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------ systematically to the investigations of all the facts which affect the
efficiency and economy of the situation being reviewed, in order to effect improvement.
Work study may be defined ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------.
Work
study,
therefore,
comprises of two areas of study: method study (motion study) and time study (work measurement).
Role of Work Study in Improving Productivity
In order to understand the role of work study, we need to understand the role of method study and that of time study. Method
study (also sometimes called Work Method Design) ------------------------------------------------------------------------
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------manpower
so
that work is performed in well organized manner leading to increased resource utilization, better quality and lower costs. It
can therefore be stated that through method study we have a systematic way of developing human resource effectiveness,
providing high machine and equipment utilization, and making economical use of materials.
The work study and the ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ work is less fatiguing and less time taking.
There are eight basic steps, some of which are common to both method study (MS) and work measurement (WM)
1 Select -----------------------------------2 ------------------------------------------3 ----------------------- (MS and WM)
4 Develop ---------------------5 ----------------------------------6 Define (WM)
7 Install (MS)
8 Maintain -----------------
Method study:
The systematic ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- more effective methods, and reducing costs.
Method study is basically ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- of resources. Method signifies how a
work is to be done i.e. description of how we consume resources in order to achieve our target?
Methods are integral part of work accomplishment and signify:
1. How well our --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------, materials and money.
2. How ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ of the unit.
3. The ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- of our methods.
Thus methods can determine the amount of input materials, time power and money consumed. So methods may be
considered the core where one --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- the cost and quality of output produced.
The following section deal with it in a definite and ordered sequence of deferent a definite and ordered sequence of
different stages as under:
i) Identification
As mentioned above, ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- is primarily based on:
In other words, time study is the systematic study of work system with the purpose of:
(i) Developing the ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- lowest cost.
(ii) ----------------------------------------------------------------- and method.
(iii) Determining the time -------------------------------------------------------------------- pace to do a specific operation.
The main objectives of work measurement are the followings:
(1) Target time for -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- requirements can be prepared.
(2) Sound ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- basic times.
(3) Useful wage ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- basis of target times.
(4) In can lead to proper balancing of the work distribution.
(5) It can help to ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- or repetitive
operations so that human effort can be minimized.
(6) To standardise the ---------------------------------------------------- operations.
(7) ---------------------------------------------------------------- efficient performance.
(8) To determine man and ---------------------------------------------------------------- of both.
(9) To provide ------------------------------------------------------------- and scheduling activities.
Method study and Work ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3. What is batch production? Under which circumstances it is used? Discuss some features of batch
production.
Batch Production
The manufacture of product in batches (small or large)or lots by a series of operations each operation being carried out onthe
whole batch before any ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ of identical
articles either to meet a specific order or to satisfy continuous demand.
Batch production can be useful for small businesses that dont have enough capital to run continuous production lines. It also
helps companies avoid large amounts of waste. A bakery business owner, for example, can ---------------------------------
ExampleWhen a bakery bakes loaves of whole meal bread, a large ball of whole meal dough will be split into several loaves which
will be spread out together on a large baking tray. The loaves on the tray will then together be cooked, wrapped and
dispatched to shelves, before the bakery starts on a separate batch of, for example, crusty white bread. Note that each loaf is
identical within a batch but that loaves can vary from batch to batch. Batch production is a very common method of
organizing manufacture. Good examples include:
A single sampling plan for attributes is a statistical method by which the lot is accepted or rejected on the basis of one
sample. Suppose that we have a lot of size
; a random sample of size
is selected from the lot; and an
acceptance number
is determined. If it is found the number of nonconforming is less than or equal to , the lot is
accepted; and if the number of nonconforming is greater than , the lot is not accepted. The design of a single sampling plan
requires the selection of the sample size
and the acceptance number .
MIL-STD-105 was a United ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The protection level ----------------------------------------------- -- its AQL--and what it rejects-- its LTPD.
Selecting a statistically valid ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- a sampling plan that provides the desired protection.
Companies must know the ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ other source, and the protection provided by a plan does
not depend on the lot size; it's the AQL and LTPD that reveal what protection the sampling plan
provides.
PCC cannot serve as a replacement for acceptance sampling. Instead, these two techniques should be
combined by using the same data to control the process and to make product disposition decisions.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------process
incorporating carefully derived limits to indicate unusual behaviour. A control chart can be based on categorical information
or actual measurement. Accordingly, they are called control chart for variables and control chart for attributes.
Much has been written about the greater benefits to be achieved by using PCC (Process Control Charts) as opposed to
acceptance sampling. But although preventing defects is certainly more desirable than detecting them through inspection,
PCC does not eliminate the need for acceptance -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------unnecessary:
in practice, however, all processes have some risk of failure, and thus some procedure for accepting and rejecting product is
generally required.
To reiterate the difference in these two approaches: acceptance sampling plans are one-shot deals, which essentially test
short-run effects. Quality control is of the long-run variety, and is part of a well-designed system for lot acceptance.
An observation by Ed Schilling Schilling (1989) said:"An individual sampling plan has much the effect of a lone sniper,
while the sampling plan scheme can provide a fusillade in the battle for quality improvement."
Control of product quality --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
5. Discuss some of the important and frequently used systems for Stores Accounting.
Store Accounting:STORE ACCOUNTING STORE FUNCTIONS PRICING OF PURCHASED MATERIAL. PRICING OF STORE
RETURNED MATERIAL. MATERIAL RECEIVED ACCOUNT. ISSUE OF MATERIAL FROM STORE. PHYSICL
VERIFICATION OF STORE STOCK.
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Verification System:-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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KIAN PUBLICATION
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