Populist politician and Democratic candidate for president in 1896, 1900, and 1908. His Cross of Gold Speech played to the sympathies of commoners, including farmers from the Midwest and the South. 2. Samuel Gompers Labor organizer who believed that industrial unions, associations that drew members from all occupations within an industry, lacked the discipline and shared values needed to face down corporations and government, and that unions organized around a single trade or craft would break less easily. Founded the American Federation of Labor. 3. Taylorism A business practice designed to make the workplace and worker more efficient by reducing each occupation to a series of simple, precise movements that could be easily taught and endlessly repeated. Taylorism created a new layer of collegeeducated middle managers who supervised production in offices and factories. 4. Eugene V. Debs 1912 Socialist Party candidate for president. 5. W. E. B. DuBois African American leader and civil rights activist who opposed Booker T. Washington's Atlanta Compromise and believed that economic, political, and educational progress had to move together. 6. Theodore Roosevelt Became the twenty-sixth president of the United States upon the death of William McKinley. The first progressive president from the Republican Party, Roosevelt believed in a strong executive and challenged corporations to reform. 7. The calorie 8. Election of 1912 9. Atlanta Compromise 10. Plessy v. Ferguson