CHAPTER 4

DISTRIBUTION TANK DESIGN

Water tanks plays a vital role for public utility as well as industrial
structure having basic purpose to secure constant water supply from longer
distance with sufficient static head to the desired location under the effect of
gravitational force. With the rapid increase of human population, demand for
drinking water has increased by many folds. Also due to shortage of
electricity at many places in India and around the developing nations, it is not
possible to supply water through pumps at peak hours. In such situations
elevated water tanks become an important part of life. The design of tank is
done by following working stress method of IS code.
RECTANGULAR TANK:

Population

= 5,89,857

Per head

= 135 lpcd

Capacity

= 63704 lit/day.
= 63,704.5/1000
= 63.704 m3.

Assume capacity
Depth

= 100 m3
=4m

= 7.07 m

= 3.53 m

L/B ratio
7.07/3.53

= 2.0

cbc

= 7 N/mm2
46

st1

= 150 N/mm2

st2

= 190 N/mm2

= 13.33

= 0.38

= 0.872

L*B*D

= 7.07*3.53*4 m

PRESSURE INTENSITY:
P

= w(H-h).

= 10 kN/m3

= 10(4.2-1)
= 32 kN/m2

BENDING MOMENT:

32 kN/m
4

7.1

LONG WALL:
at end span

= pL2/12 = (32x7.12)/12 = 134.4 kN.m

at mid span

= pL2/8 = (32x7.12)/8 = 201.6 kN.m

SHORT WALL:
at end span

= pB2/12 = (32x3.532)/12 = 33.22 kN.m

at mid span

= pB2/8 = (32x3.532)/8 = 49.84 kN.m

47

S. NO.

JOINT

AB

TOTAL k
=

I
7.1

I
I
+ = 0.39
7.1 4

DF
I

28.4

7.1 11.1

= 0.360.4
2

AD

0.39I

28.4

4 11.1

= 0.60

JOINT
MOMENT

AB

AD

-134.4

33.22

(-101.18)
DF

0.4

0.6

60.71

40.47

__________________
(-134.4 + 64) (33.22 + 40.47)
-74.69

73.69

___________________
DESIGN: LONG WALL
EFF. DEPTH:
Mu

= 0.138 fck.bd2

74*106

= 0.138*20*1000*d2
48

= 163.7 mm 250 mm

cover

= 50 mm

= 300 mm.
P*B

Direct tension in long wall TL =

2
324

TL =
TS =

P*L
2
327.1

TS =
X

= 64kN.

= 113.6kN 114 kN

= d-(D/2)
= 75 mm.

Ast

=[

M-TX
st

=[

]+[

T
st

(74106 )(64103 )75

6410^3

1500.872250

150

= 2645.3 + 426.66
= 2543 mm2.
Provide #20 mm bar,
S

1000(( )202 )
2543

= 123.5 mm
Provide #20 mm bar at 150 mm c/c.
MID SPAN OF WALL:
Long wall moment

= (201.6 49.84)
= 151.8 kN.m
49

]+[

Mu

= 0.138 fck.bd2

151.8*106

= 0.138*20*1000*d2

= 234 mm 250 mm

cover

= 50 mm

= 300 mm.

Ast

=[

M-TX
st

=[

]+[

(151.8106 )(64103 )75

1900.872250

= 3894 mm2.
Provide #16 mm bar,
S

1000(( )162 )
3894

= 51.6 mm
Provide #16 mm bar at 50 mm c/c.
DISTRIBUTION REINFORCEMENT:
= 0.3% b D
=

0.3
100

*100*300

= 900 mm2.
Provide #10 mm bar,
S

st

1000(( )102 )
900

= 87.2 mm
Provide #10 mm bar at 90 mm c/c.

50

6410^3

]+[

190

Cantilever moment

=
=

2
6
10412
6

= 6.7 kN.m
Take T=0
=[

Ast

(6.7106 )0
1500.872250

]+0

= 205.36 mm3.
SECONDARY REINFORCEMENT:
= 0.3% b D
=

0.3
100

*100*300

= 900 mm2.
Ast

900
2

= 450 mm

Provide #10 mm bar,

S

1000(( )102 )
450

= 174.53 mm
Provide #10 mm bar at 170 mm c/c on both phases.
No. of bars

Ast
ast

450

( 4 )102

51

= 5.72 6 Nos.

52