LAYERS OF

THE EARTH

explored part

outermost layer

thinnest layer
of the Earth

Two types of crust:

Continental which is
made up of granite

Lower Mantle
(more dense)

2900 km thick

located above the upper mantle

and serves as the plate holder
(holds the plate in place)

Astenosphere

considered as in a solid state

located below the lithosphere

and makes it possible for plates
to flow due to high temperature

contains iron and nickel that protects us from solar winds

subdivided into two layers:
inner core & outer core

liquid state
29 kilometers below
Earth s surface

2250 kilometers thick

capable of generating magnetic field

Magnetic field is loss when reversal is done.

Oceanic which is

Upper Mantle (less

dense)

Litosphere

40 km thick

Contains iron from the core

due to migration and density
It has two parts:

Contains silicon and oxygen

(silicate rocks)

solid state
the hottest temperature can be found
high amount of
pressure makes the
inner core solid

SEISMIC WAVES
Love Waves

waves that produce earthquakes

Two Main Types:

Primary Waves

travels through solid, liquid, gas

push-pull motion

resistant to changes in volume

Secondary Waves

travels only in solid

shaking motion

resistant in change in shape

side to
side motion

bring
damage to buildings

10% slower than S-Waves

Rayleigh Waves

up and
down
motion
responsible for shaking

Roxannie Zcefina Cabanlig

Edson John Diaos
Francis Robin Meneses

LAYERS OF
THE EARTH
AND SEISMIC
WAVES