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08 AcidGasSweeteningWithDEA PDF
08 AcidGasSweeteningWithDEA PDF
1
2003 AspenTech. All Rights Reserved.
EA.1031.05
08 Acid Gas Sweetening with DEA.pdf
Workshop
In this example, a typical acid gas treating facility is simulated. A watersaturated natural gas stream is fed to an amine contactor. For this
example, Diethanolamine (DEA) at a strength of 28 wt% in water is used
as the absorbing medium. The contactor consists of 20 real stages. The
rich amine is flashed from the contactor pressure of 6900 kPa to 620 kPa
before it enters the rich/lean amine exchanger, where it is heated to the
regenerator feed temperature of 95C. The regenerator also consists of
20 real stages. Acid gas is rejected from the regenerator at 50C, while the
lean amine is produced at approximately 110C. The lean amine is
cooled and recycled to the Contactor.
Learning Objectives
Once you have completed this section, you will be able to:
Prerequisites
Before beginning this section you need to have completed the following
modules:
Getting Started
Propane Refrigeration Loop
Refrigerated Gas Plant
NGL Fractionation Train
Column Overview I
Figure 1
Column Overview II
Figure 2
Recommended Lean
Amine Strength in Water
Amine
Wt%
MEA
15 - 20
DEA
25 - 35
TEA, MDEA
35 - 50
DGA
50 - 70
Add a new stream for the inlet gas with the following values:
In this cell...
Name
Sour Gas
Temperature
25C (75F)
Pressure
Molar Flow
Component
2.
N2
0.0016
H2S
0.0172
CO2
0.0413
C1
0.8692
C2
0.0393
C3
0.0093
i-C4
0.0026
n-C4
0.0029
i-C5
0.0014
n-C5
0.0012
C6
0.0018
H2O
0.0122
DEAmine
0.0
Add a second stream for the lean amine feed to the amine contactor
with the following values:
In this cell...
Enter...
Enter...
Name
DEA to Contactor
Temperature
35C (95F)
Pressure
Component
Mass Fraction
H2O
0.72
DEAmine
0.28
The values for the stream DEA to Contactor will be updated once the
recycle operation is installed and has calculated.
Enter...
Connections
Name
FWKO TK
Inlet
Sour Gas
Vapour Outlet
Gas to Contactor
Liquid Outlet
FWKO
Contactor Operation
The amine contactor is simulated using an Absorber operation in
HYSYS.
Add an Absorber column operation with the following specifications:
In this cell...
Enter...
Connections
Name
DEA Contactor
No. of Stages
20
DEA to Contactor
Gas to Contactor
Ovhd Vapour
Sweet Gas
Bottoms Liquid
Rich DEA
Pressures
Top
In this cell...
Bottom
Enter...
6900 kPa (1000 psia)
Estimates
Top Temperature
40C (100F)
Bottom Temperature
70C (160F)
The Amines property package requires that real trays be used in the
contactor and regenerator operations. To model this, in HYSYS,
component specific efficiencies are required for H2S and CO2 on a tray
by tray basis. These proprietary efficiency calculations are provided in
the column as part of the Amines package. Tray dimensions must be
supplied to enable this feature. Tray dimensions enable component
specific efficiencies to be calculated by estimating height of liquid on
the tray and the residence time of vapour in the liquid. To supply the
dimensions for Amines calculations, switch to the Parameters tab,
Amines page.
1.
Weir
Height
0.082 ft
Weir
Length
3.3 ft
Diameter
4 ft
2.
3.
10
4.
5.
Valve Operation
Rich DEA from the Absorber is directed to a Valve, VLV-100, where the
pressure is reduced to 620 kPa (90 psia), which is close to the
Regenerator operating pressure.
Add a Valve with the following values:
In this cell...
Enter...
Connections
Inlet
Rich DEA
Outlet
DEA to Flash TK
Worksheet
Pressure, DEA to Flash TK
10
11
Separator Operation
Gases which are flashed off from Rich DEA are removed using the rich
amine flash tank, Flash TK, which is installed as a Separator operation.
Add a Separator with the information shown below:
In this cell...
Enter...
Connections
Name
Flash TK
Feed
DEA to Flash TK
Vapour Outlet
Flash Vap
Liquid Outlet
Rich to L/R
Enter...
Connections
Name
L/R HEX
Rich to L/R
Regen Feed
Regen Bttms
Parameters
Tubeside Delta P
Shellside Delta P
Worksheet
Regen Feed, Temperature
95C (203F)
11
12
Regenerator Operation
Damping Factors will have
no effect on problems where
the heat and spec error
does not converge.
Certain columns require the
use of a damping factor.
Amine regenerators,
TEG Strippers, and Sour
Water Strippers use 0.25
- 0.5
Enter...
Connections
Name
Regenerator
No. of Stages
18
Regen Feed / 4
Condenser Type
Full Reflux
Ovhd Vapour
Acid Gas
Bottoms Liquid
Regen Bttms
Reboiler Duty
Rblr Q
Condenser Duty
Cond Q
Parameters/Solver
Fixed Damping Factor
0.40
Solving Method
Profiles
Condenser Pressure
Condenser Delta P
Reboiler Pressure
Tray 1 Temperature
100C (210F)
Reboiler Temperature
125C (260F)
Efficiencies
CO2
0.15
H2S
0.8
Monitor
12
1.5
In this cell...
13
Enter...
Specs
Condenser and Reboiler
temperature specifications
are added as Column
Temperature specifications.
An alternative specification
that could be used is the
Component Recovery for
DEA. All of the DEA (100%)
should be recovered in the
bottom product stream.
50C (120F)
Mixer Operation
Water make-up is necessary, since water will be lost in the Absorber and
Regenerator overhead streams. A Mixer operation combines the lean
amine from the Regenerator with a water makeup. These streams mix at
the same pressure.
1.
In this cell...
Enter...
Connections
Name
Makeup H2O
Temperature
25C (77F)
Component
H2O
2.
Mole Fraction
1.0
In this cell...
Enter...
Connections
Inlets
Makeup H2O
Lean from L/R
Outlet
DEA to Cool
Parameters
The Mixer will adjust the
water flowrate to achieve the
circulation rate. An Adjust
operation could have been
used but is not necessary.
Pressure Assignment
Equalize All
Worksheet
Std Ideal Liq Vol Flow, DEA to Cool
13
14
Cooler Operation
Add a Cooler with the values given below:
In this cell...
Enter...
Connections
Name
Cooler
Feed Stream
DEA to Cool
Product Stream
DEA to Pump
Energy Stream
Cooler Q
Parameters
Pressure Drop
35 kPa (5 psi)
Pump Operation
Add a Pump with the following information:
In this cell...
Enter...
Connections
Inlet
DEA to Pump
Outlet
DEA to Recycle
Energy
Pump Q
Worksheet
Temperature, DEA to Recycle
35C (95F)
14
1.
15
Set icon
2.
15
16
Recycle Operation
The Recycle installs a theoretical block in the process stream. The feed
into the block is termed the calculated recycle stream, and the product
is the assumed recycle stream. The following steps take place during the
convergence process:
In this case, the lean amine (DEA to Contactor) stream which was
originally estimated will be replaced with the new calculated lean amine
(DEA to Recycle) stream and the Contactor and Regenerator will be run
until the recycle loop converges.
1.
Recycle icon
16
2.
17
17
18
Advanced Modelling
Concentrations of acid gas components in an amine stream are typically
expressed in terms of loadings of amine loadingsdefined as moles of
the particular acid gas divided by moles of the circulating amine. The
Spreadsheet in HYSYS is well-suited for this calculation. Not only can
the loadings be directly calculated and displayed, but they can be
incorporated into the simulation to provide a control point for
optimizing the amine simulation.
Add a spreadsheet using the following variables for the loading
calculations:
Figure 9
18
19
H2S
0.50
0.35
DEA
0.45
0.30
TEA, MDEA
0.30
0.20
MEA, DEA
Figure 11
19
20
20