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ba
.
2n
(1)
b a
n log 2 log
,
log ba
n
. X
log 2
2n
f (pn )
.
f 0 (pn )
f (x)
x2 a
x2 + a
1
a
=
x
=
=
x
+
. X
f 0 (x)
2x
2x
2
x
Solution: Since f (0) = 1 < 0 and f (1) = 0.46 > 0, there is at least one root of
f (x) inside [0, 1]. Set [a1, b1] = [0, 1].
a 1 + b1
= 0.5.
2
f (0.5) = 0.17 < 0.
p1 =
Since f (p1 )f (b1) < 0, there is a root inside [p1, b1] = [0.5, 1]. Set [a2, b2] = [0.5, 1].
f (a2 ) < 0, f (b2) > 0.
a 2 + b2
= 0.75.
2
f (0.75) = 0.13 > 0.
p2 =
Since f (a2 )f (p2) < 0, there is a root inside [a2, p2] = [0.5, 0.75]. Set [a3, b3] = [0.5, 0.75].
p3 =
a 3 + b3
= 0.625. X
2
Problem 4: The function f (x) = sin x has a zero on the interval (3, 4), namely,
x = . Perform three iterations of Newtons method to approximate this zero, using
p0 = 4. Determine the absolute error in each of the computed approximations. What
is the apparent order of convergence?
Solution: Consider f (x) = sin x. In the interval (3, 4), f has a zero p = . Also,
f 0 (x) = cos x. With p0 = 4, we have
f (p0)
sin(4)
= 4
= 2.8422,
0
f (p0)
cos(4)
f (p1)
sin(2.8422)
= p1 0
= 2.8422
= 3.1509,
f (p1)
cos(2.8422)
f (p2)
sin(3.1509)
= p2 0
= 3.1509
= 3.1416.
f (p2)
cos(3.1509)
p 1 = p0
p2
p3
ln(e2 /e1)
ln(0.0093/0.2994)
=
= 3.296,
ln(e1 /e0)
ln(0.2994/0.8584)
ln(e3 /e2)
ln(2.6876 107 /0.0093)
=
= 3.010.
ln(e2 /e1)
ln(0.0093/0.2994)
We obtain a better than a 3rd order of convergence, which is a better order than
the theoretical bound gives us. For Newtons method, the theoretical bound gives
convergence order of 2. 1
1