Calculus

Algebra

Unit 1 Review Topics from College

Transformations of Graphs
Name

Description

What to
Look for
in the
Function

How the
Function
Changes

f(x) + c

f(x) shifts
UP c units.
f(x) shifts
DOWN c
units.
f(x) shifts
RIGHT b
units.
f(x) shifts
LEFT b
units.
Graph gets
taller and
thinner.
Multiply
each value
of f(x) by a.
Graph gets
shorter and
wider.
Multiply
each value
of f(x) by a.

Vertical Shift
f(x) c
Translation
f(x + b)
Horizontal Shift
f(x b)

Vertical
Stretching/Horizo
ntal Shrinking

a * f(x),
given a is a
whole
number

Dilation
Horizontal
Stretching/
Vertical
Shrinking

a * f(x),
given a is a
fraction

Over x-axis (flip

down)

-f(x)

Over Y-axis (left

or right flip)

f(-x)

Reflection

Rotation

Transformations

Rotates
clockwise or
counterclockwise around
a specified point.
(usually the
vertex, if
applicable)

Flip f(x)
over the xaxis.

Flip f(x)
over the yaxis
The problem will tell you
to rotate the function in a
certain direction and tell
you the point to rotate it
around.

OCRS/classes/calculus/transformations.doc

10/5/2016

Calculus
Algebra

Unit 1 Review Topics from College

Combined Transformations on f(x): a*f(x b)

c
Flip over the x-axis if a is negative. Stretch vertically if a is a whole number, other
than 1, and shrink vertically if a is a fraction. If x is negative, flip over the y-axis. If b
is positive, shift right and if b is negative, shift left. If c is positive, shift up and if c is
negative, shift down.

Transformations

OCRS/classes/calculus/transformations.doc

10/5/2016