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    Test 2 Jun 2014

    Uploaded by

    nurulselangor
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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    ‘CONFIDENTIAL f Louun 2nteeLesoorresr2 UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA, ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC READING COURSE CODE =: FLC500 TEST2 JUNE 2014 TIME, + 2HOURS INSTRUCTIONS To CANDIDATES: 1. Ths question pspercorsies of wo (2) parts: Part A(# Questone) Part (8 Questone) ‘Anawar ALL quston inthe Question Paper Fale ne cota below UTM STUDENT CARD NO. PROGRAMAIEICODE ART ENGLISH LANGUAGE GROUP NAME OF LECTURER ‘You areata to bing in your Englsh-Engish dcsonary, Please check to make sre that tis examination pack conse of: 1) tre quesson Per DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO D050 “Tig amin paper consis of Fi peed pags oc Un ttn ‘CONFIDENTIAL ‘CONFIDENTIAL 2 LLOWUN 20¢aeLcsoorEesT2 PART A: (20 MARKS) ‘Read the fallowing passage ard answer all the questions that allow. 1 Ttmay not be uncommon fo see someone typing out an ema on thelr phone 38 they walk down the stb, stoning to music as they read the newspaper on the subway, oF staring st 8 computer screen wih mute windows and tabs open. Despite constantly iuaaina diferent actives, humans are not very good st rmulitsking, experts ey 5 “Diving atontion across mutile atvos is taxing on the brn, and can often come at the expense of real preductvly and optimal information processing’, said Arthur Markman, a professor in the Deparment of Psychology at the Univeraty of Texas, Austin. "Thoro fa a small numbar of people who are decent rmulttaskers, but at best, 1s about 10 percent of the poputaion, so chances are, 10 youre not one of them," Markman told LweScience, il practicing an instument ean improve 2 muslelan’s performance, can the same be done to a porson's brain to tran it o be more effective at mufasking? Peychologsts say it untkely, because multitasking invalves actly thinking bout more than one thing at a tie, which ean overload the bins working 15 rmemery. "Human beings have a Emited capacity for information processing, £0 after @ point, its not clear If we're capeble of doing mor," said Gloria Mark, professor in the Department of Informatica the Univer of Calfom, Ivins, ‘She feels that sthough tis possibie that there is a learn curva to tain peoples tobe better at muittacking, mest people will ot be blo to sustaln that overlong 20, periods af tim. IV. Marches done exansive research on malttasking inthe werkplace to gelerming. how frequently people switch from one task to another, and how this process affects employees’ mood and stress levels. Mark and her coleaguss monitored 36 people over three days, using cameras fo capture facil expressions and te 25 etectortype sensors fo log hear ates and skin conduct to determine levels of sass. The researchers found that on average, people swiched actives ecient MARA CONFIDENTIAL. ‘CONFIDENTIAL 3 \LGWUN 20taeLcs0orTeST2 ‘every thee minutes throughout the day. "They weren't spanding vary tng periods of te focusing on jut ne thing.” Mack sai. “n our nlenons, many ‘people compiained that they were feoing bumed out and stressed, which was (oof the roasone wo started using heat ate monitors, because we wanted to fing out to what exter this was realy tue. As turns out, we have been able to measure sess.” “And whe tacting more than one thing at time may seem ike an efficient way to manage a ful worload, mubitasking may not be the most effective way to get ‘everything done”, said David Meyer, a professor of Psychology atthe Universy Cf Michigan in Ann Arter, and Director ofthe schoots Brain, Cogntion and ‘Action Laboratory “There are come cases where t may be posible to do what we call ‘prfect time-sharing but this tylealy happens when each ofthe two {sks Is prety routine * Meyer told LveScience Vi Meyer also botoves that humans ars good at balancing tasks thet use unelated ‘mental and physical resources. For insiance, most people ate able to fold Jaundty and ton to a weather report on the radio wihout oo much trouble “Once you start to make things more complicated, things get messler, and 96 result, there's gong to be Interference with one or more ofthe tasks." Moyer 8, “Ether youre going to have to slow down on ons ofthe tasks, oF you's going to start making mistakes” Vil “There will ways be invdualclfarencos in which seme peop vil be beter ‘han others. You can tain yourslf but youre only grasping a saws as long 28 youre performing complicated tasks that equi the same pats ofthe brain ts Ske saying something unl you're blue in the fece, Even though you need to dovote all that cepacty for these tasks, there wil be no avatabo resources to acd anything more” Meyer sa RRetoved and adepted rom hipsivaav.vesclencs.com hacia ere Tela MARA ‘CONFIDENTIAL, 35 4 ‘CONFIDENTIAL 4 LolUUN 20a cs00mTEST2 ‘question According to Arthur Martmen, wht are th affects of multaskng onthe bain? (2 marks) ‘question 2 8) The word juggling in ine 4 can be best replaced with tampering managing 4) orponising (1 macs) 'b) The word “detemine’ lane 22 canbe replaced witha ofthe folowing EXCEPT nd out i) ascertain 5H) Infence mat ©) Tho word "typically in ine 89 can be replacot with al the follwing EXCEPT 1) aturaty i) nommaty im) rarely (imag ‘questions ‘What i the implied main doa of paragraph? (2 marks) akg Ut Teel MARA CONFIDENTIAL. ‘CONFIDENTIAL 5 Le1un 2oraretcsoorest2 (QUESTION 4 LUst THREE (3) resus of Mar’s extensive reseatch on mulitaskng inthe workplace a » a ‘QuesTion s Decide whether the folowing statements representa Fac or Opinion. Explain your answer Inthe space provided. 8) Sho fels het athough tis possible that hares leaming cuvet train people tebe batter a mutssking, but moet poopie wont be aba to sustain {hat aver ong periods of ime (2m) 1b) Mayor also boleves that humans are good at balancing tasks that use Uurrelted mania and physialrasoures, (2 marks) aka User Tonal MARA CONFIDENTIAL ‘CONFIDENTIAL 6 LouUn 2014eLestomtesT2 ‘QUESTION ‘Based on the passage, cco TWO statements which are TRUE 4) —_Multtaskers perform rlatvly well in asks requkng remotely contrlled ‘physically and mental eapsbities, 1») Mutttasking isan efclnt way to manage a hectic workload so ase get everyting done without muck trouble ©) Ainivdusls can be trained suodessfly to perform complicated tasks 4) There lb lilfcuty in tack completion when multiasking gots complicate. (2mars) ‘question? ‘What does the wer imply by "You can tran yourself but you're only grasping at straws 2s ‘ang a8 youre performing compllatee ‘ack that require the sam parts fhe Bain” nae 4050) (2eats) ‘questions ‘Do you thnk multtaskng can srdenger human ives? Give one reason to suppor your (2maris) (2M Usa Tlatot AA CCONFIOENTIAL, ‘CONFIDENTIAL, 7 Lown 201 ¢8007TEST2 PART B: (20 MARKS) Reed the passage below and answer all the quastons tht follow. | Deforostaton refers to the loss or destucton of naturally occuring forests, Drimarty due to human actives. The scities Intude logging cuting toes for fol, slashandbum agricuturs, cloarng land for Iwestock grazing, mining ‘peraons, ol extraction, cam balling, end urban sprawi or other types of velopment snd population expansion. Logging lone much of ft Hogak ‘accounts for tho loss of more than 62 millon acres of cur planet's natural forests ‘every yar, accocdng to The Naturs Consarvany. Forests play a cical role in mitigating cimate change because they act a8 2 carbon sinesoaking up carbon doxlde (CO2) tht would otherwise be tee in the ‘atmosphere and contibute to ongoing changes in clmate patems, Deforestation Lundermiegs this important carbon siak function. This Is because when tees are feted they release the CO? they ae storing ino the atmosphere, where it mingles with greenhouse gases from other sources and contributes to global warring aocordinaly. According to the World Cares Network (WCN), deforestation actually adds more atmosphers carbon clove than the eases from core and trucks on the world's roads. Cars and tucks contibute for about 14 percent of lobe carbon emissions, wiile defecation contibutas more than 15 percent “The upshot is that we should be preventing deforestation as much we sre Inereasing fuel afclency and reducing automobile usage, states WWCN, || The Envecrmental Defense Fund (EDF), a leading green group, reports that 32 rion aores of tropa rlnforest were cut down each year between 2000 and 2009 and the pace of deforestation ie onl accelerating. Recent estimation = ore wenying, ts estimated that some 46-68 millon equare mies of forest are lost each year which s equivalent to 38 footbalelds every minute. “Unless we change the curent system thet rewards forest destruction, forest clearing wil put ancther 20 billon tons of carbon nto the atmosphere in coming decades,” says EDF. (hectare Teno aA CONFIDENTIAL 10 16 0 25 CONFIDENTIAL 6 ‘LeuuN20tareLcsouresr2 IV “Any reélltic plan to reduce globe warming poBution sufficortly and in tine to void dangarous consaquencas must also rey i part on preserng tropics! foreeis” reports EDF. Gut shard to convince the poor residents of the Amazon basin and other trope regions ofthe weld to stop cutting down toes when th forests ara stil worth mero dead than ave. “Conservation costs money, while profits from timber, charcoal, pasture and cropland drive people to cut down forest" adds EDF. Exacerbatirg global warming isnot the only negative Impact, of tropical deforestation. It leo wipss out biosversiy: Move than hal of the words plant and enimal species Ihe n topes aiforests, “VI Some tropealosunties are reducing deforestation by participating in the United Natons! Reducing Emissions fom Defowstation and Forest Degradation (REDD) programme. One of the primary objectives of REDD sto ostablch incentives forthe people who care forthe forest fo manage sustalnably while stil being ble to benefit economically. Examples include using less tend (therefore cutting ever trees) for acts ike coffee growing and mest and mike production. Pattclating nations ean then agcrue and sll carbon polsion| credits when they Gan prove thay have lowered deforestaton boiow a basin. ‘Since ts 2008 inception, the REDD programme has channeled over $117 lion ‘ny direct financial sis and educational support info national deforestation reduction offers In 44 developing counties scross Aca, Asia and Latin Asari, Vil Brazil is one ofthe counties embracing REDD smong other efforts te reduce carbon emissions. Tharks othe program, Bazi has slowed deforestation witin| 's borders by 40 percent since 2008 and ie on tack to reach an 80 percent recucton by 2020. With the iil sucess of REDD i Braz, enviormentalsts are optimistic that It wll help reduoe deforestation nother parts otha topes as wel FRobiovod and adapted from wnw.ecleitteamerlean.com 2a Ur Fett MARA ‘CONFIDENTIAL, 2s ‘CONFIDENTIAL ° {LGLUN 20taeLesoomTesT2 (QUESTION t ‘What do the flowing words mean as thay are used inthe passage? 2) mingles (tine 12) by) accrue (ine 43) ©) embracing (tine 48) (3marks) ‘QUESTION 2 ‘What ean you conclude from the folowing statement? “The upshot tat we should be preventing deforestation a6 mich wo are Increasing foal efficiency and reducing automobile usage (ines 18-19}. (2 mars) ‘QUESTION: Whats the implied main ie of paragraph Il (2matis) QUESTION 4 ‘What does the writer mean by, 32 forests ar stil worth more dead than sive” fine 32)? (2marie) (hit nee etc aA ‘conrinenTia. ‘CONFIDENTIAL 10 Lown zoraleLesoorresT2 questions ‘Whats the aim of nthe United Natlons' Reducing Emissions ftom Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD) programe? (1 mark) ‘quesrions Doce whethor the folowing staternents represent a Fact or Opirion, Explain your answerin the space provided, 18} Accorng tothe World Carftoe Network (WON), deforestation actualy ads ‘more atmospheric carbon dioxide (COZ) han te gases from vars an {tucks onthe worse road (2emaits) 1b) With the ntl ausoeae of REDD in Bras, envicoomentaats aro optimistic that wll help recues deforestation in ater parts ofthe tropics 2s wal (2vatks) (ora Ur Tn MARA ‘CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL, " LGUUN 2014 cs0a/TEST2 ‘QUEsTION7 ‘Based on the tex, determine whether each of the following statemanis fs: TRUE or FALSE. by pttng a tick Ci in the relevant box. Statement TRUE [FALSE 3) [Ruch of to logging ote Wat contbutos

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