10/14/2015

CalculateSizeofCapacitorBank/AnnualSaving&PaybackPeriod|ElectricalNotes&Articles

ElectricalThumbsRules(Part10)

CalculateNoofLightingFixtures/Lumenfor
IndoorLighting

CalculateSizeofCapacitorBank/AnnualSaving&PaybackPeriod
APRIL1,2014

17COMMENTS

CalculateSizeofCapacitorBankAnnualSavinginBillsandPaybackPeriodforCapacitorBank.
ElectricalLoadof(1)2Nosof18.5KW,415Vmotor,90%efficiency,0.82PowerFactor,(2)2Nosof7.5KW,415Vmotor
,90%efficiency,0.82PowerFactor,(3)10KW,415VLightingLoad.TheTargetedPowerFactorforSystemis0.98.
ElectricalLoadisconnected24Hours,ElectricityChargeis100Rs/KVAand10Rs/KW.
CalculatesizeofDischargeResistorfordischargingofcapacitorBank.DischargerateofCapacitoris50vinlessthan1
minute.
AlsoCalculatereductioninKVARratingofCapacitorifCapacitorBankisoperatedatfrequencyof40Hzinsteadof50Hz
andIfOperatingVoltage400Vinsteadof415V.
CapacitorisconnectedinstarConnection,Capacitorvoltage415V,CapacitorCostis60Rs/Kvar.AnnualDeprecation
CostofCapacitoris12%.

Calculation:
ForConnection(1):
TotalLoadKWforConnection(1)=Kw/Efficiency=(18.52)/90%=41.1KW
TotalLoadKVA(old)forConnection(1)=KW/OldPowerFactor=41.1/0.82=50.1KVA
TotalLoadKVA(new)forConnection(1)=KW/NewPowerFactor=41.1/0.98=41.9KVA
TotalLoadKVAR=KWX([(1(oldp.f)2)/oldp.f][(1(Newp.f)2)/Newp.f])
TotalLoadKVAR1=41.1x([(1(0.82)2)/0.82][(1(0.98)2)/0.98])
TotalLoadKVAR1=20.35KVAR
OR
tan1=Arcos(0.82)=0.69
tan2=Arcos(0.98)=0.20
TotalLoadKVAR1=KWX(tan1tan2)=41.1(0.690.20)=20.35KVAR
ForConnection(2):
TotalLoadKWforConnection(2)=Kw/Efficiency=(7.52)/90%=16.66KW
TotalLoadKVA(old)forConnection(1)=KW/OldPowerFactor=16.66/0.83=20.08KVA
TotalLoadKVA(new)forConnection(1)=KW/NewPowerFactor=16.66/0.98=17.01KVA
TotalLoadKVAR2=KWX([(1(oldp.f)2)/oldp.f][(1(Newp.f)2)/Newp.f])
TotalLoadKVAR2=20.35x([(1(0.83)2)/0.83][(1(0.98)2)/0.98])
TotalLoadKVAR2=7.82KVAR
ForConnection(3):
TotalLoadKWforConnection(3)=Kw=10KW
TotalLoadKVA(old)forConnection(1)=KW/OldPowerFactor=10/0.85=11.76KVA
TotalLoadKVA(new)forConnection(1)=KW/NewPowerFactor=10/0.98=10.20KVA
TotalLoadKVAR3=KWX([(1(oldp.f)2)/oldp.f][(1(Newp.f)2)/Newp.f])
TotalLoadKVAR3=20.35x([(1(0.85)2)/0.85][(1(0.98)2)/0.98])
TotalLoadKVAR1=4.17KVAR
TotalKVAR=KVAR1+KVAR2+KVAR3
TotalKVAR=20.35+7.82+4.17
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10/14/2015

CalculateSizeofCapacitorBank/AnnualSaving&PaybackPeriod|ElectricalNotes&Articles

TotalKVAR=32Kvar

SizeofCapacitorBank:
SiteofCapacitorBank=32Kvar.
LeadingKVARsuppliedbyeachPhase=Kvar/NoofPhase
LeadingKVARsuppliedbyeachPhase=32/3=10.8Kvar/Phase
CapacitorChargingCurrent(Ic)=(Kvar/Phasex1000)/Volt
CapacitorChargingCurrent(Ic)=(10.81000)/(415/3)
CapacitorChargingCurrent(Ic)=44.9Amp
CapacitanceofCapacitor=CapacitorChargingCurrent(Ic)/Xc
Xc=2x3.14xfxv=23.14x50x(415/3)=75362
CapacitanceofCapacitor=44.9/75362=5.96F
Required3Nosof10.8KvarCapacitorsand

TotalSizeofCapacitorBankis32Kvar

ProtectionofCapacitorBank
SizeofHRCFuseforCapacitorBankProtection:
Sizeofthefuse=165%to200%ofCapacitorChargingcurrent.
Sizeofthefuse=244.9Amp
Sizeofthefuse=90Amp

SizeofCircuitBreakerforCapacitorProtection:
SizeoftheCircuitBreaker=135%to150%ofCapacitorChargingcurrent.
SizeoftheCircuitBreaker=1.544.9Amp
SizeoftheCircuitBreaker=67Amp
Thermalrelaysettingbetween1.3and1.5ofCapacitorChargingcurrent.
ThermalrelaysettingofC.B=1.544.9Amp
ThermalrelaysettingofC.B=67Amp
Magneticrelaysettingbetween5and10ofCapacitorChargingcurrent.
MagneticrelaysettingofC.B=1044.9Amp
MagneticrelaysettingofC.B=449Amp

SizingofcablesforcapacitorConnection:
Capacitorscanwithstandapermanentovercurrentof30%+toleranceof10%oncapacitorCurrent.
CablessizeforCapacitorConnection=1.3x1.1xnominalcapacitorCurrent
CablessizeforCapacitorConnection=1.43xnominalcapacitorCurrent
CablessizeforCapacitorConnection=1.4344.9Amp
CablessizeforCapacitorConnection=64Amp

MaximumsizeofdischargeResistorforCapacitor:
Capacitorswillbedischargebydischargingresistors.
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10/14/2015

CalculateSizeofCapacitorBank/AnnualSaving&PaybackPeriod|ElectricalNotes&Articles

Afterthecapacitorisdisconnectedfromthesourceofsupply,dischargeresistorsarerequiredfordischargingeachunit
within3minto75Vorlessfrominitialnominalpeakvoltage(accordingIECstandard60831).
Dischargeresistorshavetobeconnecteddirectlytothecapacitors.Thereshallbenoswitch,fusecutoutoranyother
isolatingdevicebetweenthecapacitorunitandthedischargeresistors.
Max.DischargeresistanceValue(StarConnection)=Ct/CnxLog(Unx2/Dv).
Max.DischargeresistanceValue(DeltaConnection)=Ct/1/3xCnxLog(Unx2/Dv)
WhereCt=CapacitorDischargeTime(sec)
Cn=CapacitanceFarad.
Un=LineVoltage
Dv=CapacitorDischargevoltage.
MaximumDischargeresistance=60/((5.96/1000000)xlog(415x2/50)
MaximumDischargeresistance=4087K

EffectofDecreasingVoltage&FrequencyonRatingofCapacitor:
Thekvarofcapacitorwillnotbesameifvoltageappliedtothecapacitorandfrequencychanges
ReducedinKvarsizeofCapacitorwhenoperating50Hzunitat40Hz
ActualKVAR=RatedKVARx(OperatingFrequency/RatedFrequency)
ActualKVAR=RatedKVARx(40/50)
ActualKVAR=80%ofRatedKVAR
Hence32KvarCapacitorworksas80%x32Kvar=26.6Kvar
ReducedinKvarsizeofCapacitorwhenoperating415Vunitat400V
ActualKVAR=RatedKVARx(Operatingvoltage/Ratedvoltage)^2
ActualKVAR=RatedKVARx(400/415)^2
ActualKVAR=93%ofRatedKVAR
Hence32KvarCapacitorworksas93%x32Kvar=23.0Kvar

AnnualSavingandPayBackPeriod
BeforePowerFactorCorrection:
TotalelectricalloadKVA(old)=KVA1+KVA2+KVA3
Totalelectricalload=50.1+20.08+11.76
Totalelectricalload=82KVA
TotalelectricalLoadKW=kW1+KW2+KW3
TotalelectricalLoadKW=37+15+10
TotalelectricalLoadKW=62kw
LoadCurrent=KVA/V=801000/(415/1.732)
LoadCurrent=114.1Amp
KVADemandCharge=KVAXCharge
KVADemandCharge=82x60Rs
KVADemandCharge=8198Rs
AnnualUnitConsumption=KWxDailyusesx365
AnnualUnitConsumption=62x24x365=543120Kwh
Annualcharges=54312010=5431200Rs
TotalAnnualCost=8198+5431200

TotalAnnualCostbeforePowerFactorCorrection=5439398Rs
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CalculateSizeofCapacitorBank/AnnualSaving&PaybackPeriod|ElectricalNotes&Articles

AfterPowerFactorCorrection:
TotalelectricalloadKVA(new)=KVA1+KVA2+KVA3
Totalelectricalload=41.95+17.01+10.20
Totalelectricalload=69KVA
TotalelectricalLoadKW=kW1+KW2+KW3
TotalelectricalLoadKW=37+15+10
TotalelectricalLoadKW=62kw
LoadCurrent=KVA/V=691000/(415/1.732)
LoadCurrent=96.2Amp
KVADemandCharge=KVAXCharge
KVADemandCharge=69x60Rs=6916Rs(1)
AnnualUnitConsumption=KWxDailyusesx365
AnnualUnitConsumption=62x24x365=543120Kwh
Annualcharges=54312010=5431200Rs(2)
CapitalCostofcapacitor=KvarxCapacitorcost/Kvar=82x60=4919Rs(3)
AnnualInterestandDeprecationCost=4919x12%=590Rs(4)
TotalAnnualCost=6916+5431200+4919+590

TotalAnnualCostAfterPowerFactorCorrection=5438706Rs

PayBackPeriod:
TotalAnnualCostbeforePowerFactorCorrection=5439398Rs
TotalAnnualCostAfterPowerFactorCorrection=5438706Rs
AnnualSaving=54393985438706Rs

AnnualSaving=692Rs
PaybackPeriod=CapitalCostofCapacitor/AnnualSaving
PaybackPeriod=4912/692

PaybackPeriod=7.1Years

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