Your task is to answer the following questions:

3b Question 1a
What are fibre optics and give a short description of how they
work? A diagram may be useful.
Fibre optics is made out of hundreds of flexible rods of glass or
plastic. Also they contain fibre optic cable, and transmit images
back to the doctor. It works when light is provided inside the
patient. So the doctor can get the right results.

5d Question 1b
Describe how an understanding of total internal reflection has
helped scientists to develop endoscope and phones
Total internal reflection has helped because usually light only can
travels in a straight line, but his has helped because it travels in a
zigzag in the tube so it allows it to go around corners. So it is a lot
easier and clear to see .
 Question 2
Two uses for fibre optics is communication and endoscopes
For each use answer these questions
4b Question 2a USE: communication
Describe what it is replacing
The fibre optic communication is replacing copper wires.

3c Question 2b
4c Show how this new technique is an improvement over existing
6b techniques.
6d It is an improvement because light can go around corners and can
connect with people around the world faster and easier.

4a Question 2c
5c Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this use for fibre
6d optics
The advantages are they can go around corners and also they work
a lot faster but disadvantages is they are a lot more money to buy
and hard to get holed of.

5a Question 2d
What might the people using this technique think about it? Give
reasons to back up your ideas. Why good or bad?
It will be easier to get in contact with people. It will be a better
connection

6a Question 2e
6b Has the technique made an impact on life in other countries?
Yes because you can communicate with people across the world
and its a lot faster.
 Question 2
Two uses for fibre optics is communication and endoscopes
For each use answer these questions
4b Question 2a USE: Endoscopes
Describe what it is replacing
Endoscopes are replacing tubes and candles.

3c Question 2b
4c Show how this new technique is an improvement over existing
6b techniques.
6d Doctors have good equipment and now this is even better and now
they are more accurate results.

4a Question 2c
5c Describe the advantages and disadvantages of this use for fibre
6d optics
The disadvantages are they are more money and a bigger tube and
candle.
Good advantages are it is clear and easier to use and better
results

5a Question 2d
What might the people using this technique think about it? Give
reasons to back up your ideas. Why good or bad?
It bad because it will cost a lot more money but it is good because
it will give a more re accurate result by better pitcher and faster

6a Question 2e
6b Has the technique made an impact on life in other countries?
Yes because they did not have it in the 3rd day country and if a
earthquake strikes now the doctors can go there and save lives so
yes it has made a difference.
3 AF2
Understanding the applications and implications of science
To reach this level I could have:
a described some uses of fibre optics.
b stated that information can be carried from place to place using light reflections.
c explained that using light to carry speech when we use a telephone has improved
the quality of what we hear.
4 AF2
Understanding the applications and implications of science
To reach this level I could have:
a described some of the improvements that there have been in medicine due to the
development of fibre optics as well as any drawbacks, e.g. investment in new
technologies.
b explained that fibre optics are replacing copper wires.
c described the use of fibre optics to look inside people without cutting them open.
5 AF2
Understanding the applications and implications of science
To reach this level I could have:
a explained why healthcare staff like endoscopes, e.g. they are quick to use, but
some patients may be worried, e.g. having to swallow an endoscope.
b described how the development of endoscopes has affected doctors, e.g.
retraining, less surgical time needed; and patients, e.g. faster recovery, better to use in
parts of the world where infection is difficult to control.
c explained why the use of fibre optics has improved survival rate of operations, but
sometimes the use of an endoscope can cause its own complications.
d described how an understanding of total internal reflection helped scientists to
develop endoscopes.
6 AF2
Understanding the applications and implications of science
To reach this level I could have:
a described how fibre optics have made a significant impact in more developed
countries.
b explained how the installation of fibre optic cables affects the people living in those
countries, e.g. clearer phone calls, faster data transfer allowing faster trading; and the
companies that make the cables, e.g. making more profit.
c explained how the development of fibre optics has lead to developments in glass
making.
d described the benefits to patients of fibre optic investigations compared to invasive
surgery

Task 23 Bending light 2 Level ladder

Task 23 Bending light