Main contest of High school class

1. The following figure illustrates plate boundary of earth crust with the expected
temperature distribution according to depth, 5 million years and 10 million years
later from now. Answer to the following questions.

(1) How do you explain the reason of the distribution type of temperature?(3 points)
(2) Calculate average moving velocity of the litho-plate during last 500 million years(Suppose
that the subduction of the plate plunge 45 degree).(3 points)

(3) In the second figure, explain about the occurrence of earthquake in connection to
the temperature distribution at 600700km depth.(3 points)

2. The following diagram shows the sedimentation phase which deposited on the bottom
of sea and lake.

(1) Write the names of the sedimentary structures of A, B and C.(4 points)
A-(

B-(

C-(

(2) Explain the depositional environment and process of forming the geological
stratum.(4 points)

3. The following table is the observational data of 4 different observatory sites. which
recorded the earthquakes occurred at May 1, 2003.

Degree of acceleration
Earthquake observatory

P S

station

Hour(second)
North and

East and

Up lower

south(mG)

west(mG)

part(mG)

16.4

8.34

7.50

4.11

12.3

5.10

10.30

4.30

16.3

8.00

7.00

5.00

1.6

245.53

276.82

427.26

(1) Which is the nearest station from the epicenter of the earthquake? (2 points)
(2) If the residents near the station A
movement is the most strong?(3 points0

feel the trembling of the ground, which direction of

(3) Supposed that the average velocity is 7.0 km/s for P wave and 3.8 km/s for S

wave. Then what is the distance to the center of the quake from the station A?
(Write the process of calculation and round off the numbers to two decimal places.)
(4 points)

4. The pictures are geological plane figures. In the picture, dotted lines are contour
lines, full lines are geological stratum boundaries and each of A, B, C is another stratum.

(1) Array the geological strata following the formation period.(3 points)
(2) Write strike and inclination of the B stratum.(Dotted line is a contour.)(5 points)

5. The air parcel, with the temperature of 20 on the ground and dew point of 10
before going over mountain, came down to the ground after going up along the mountain
up to the height of atmospheric pressure of 700 hPa and going over mountain.(Assume
that all the condensed water vapor is removed by precipitation during the ascent.)

(1) Show this process on the adiabatic chart, and mark the position before the ascent as A, and the
position after the descent as B.[3points]

(2) What is the atmospheric pressure at the cloud condensation level? [3points]
(3) Determine the temperature and dew-point temperature of the air parcel after it has descended to
1000 hPa on the other side of the mountain.. [3points]

6. Shown below is the weather map around the Korean peninsula at a certain day.

(1) Draw boundary of the air mass at X-Y. (4pts)

(2) Explain the properties of the air mass in the sectional diagram that you have drawn. (4pts)

7. The next figure (A) shows an isobar which is formed vertically at a height of 1000 m
above from the ground in the Northern Hemisphere, and The figure (B) shows an
isobar which is formed in a circle in the same area.

(A)

(B)
(1) Please check out and write down the name on figure a, b with arrow on the power operating on
wind direction and air cluster from point 'a' and point 'b'. (Write W for the direction of the wind, P
for the power of a pressure gradient, C for the power of changing direction, F= centripetal force,
F= the power of friction. )(4 points)
(2) When the divergence between isobars in same from point a and point b, please
answer, checking with symbol from which point has the greater wind and speed
the reason from the two points.(4 pts)

8. When frictional force doesn't exist and pressure gradient force is 0 owing to the same
fluid pressure, there is an equation below.

V: Velocity of a fluid, R: Radius of curvature, f: Turning force

If the change of Coriolis force from latitude change is negligible in the North Hemisphere, the fluid
draw the inertial circle to right handed direction. When wind and currents move following the inertial
circle in latitude 30N region, calculate the period.(8 pts)

9. The Moon revolves around the Earth with respect to G, center of mass as shown in
the next figure.

Show that the tidal force at the surface point A is inversely proportional to the cube of distance
between the Earth and the Moon and is in proportional to the mass of the Moon. (8 points)
10. The following picture (A) shows the inferior planets after the sunset observed by
someone in somewhere in Korea for a year. The picture (B) simply shows the path of
the revolutions of the inferior planets and the earth itself.

20

Sun

Sunset time

19
18

Planet

17
16
15
14
0

314

22

30

60

90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330

t

Observation day

(1) If you find the revolving orbit of the star on the point `t

in the picture (A), where is this point

located in the picture (B) among a, b, c, d? (But when the star is at the point `t

in the picture

(B), the earth is at the point e ). [5pts]

(2) What is the star s synoptic period in days? [5pts]

11. Suppose that there is a star with right ascension 14h, declination 30o. according to
the equatorial coordinate system.
(1) At what time does this star pass the south celestial meridian in Seoul area(127.5oE,
37.5oN), in the summer solstice?[5 points] (Assume that Korean Standard Time is defined at
135oE location and equation of time is assumed to be zero) [5pts]
(

(2) From which direction will the star appear at 10 PM of the day in Seoul area?[4 points]
(

12. The following figure indicates the evolutionary process on a H-R diagram of about
one solar mass star like the Sun.

Absolute magnitude

0.0
2.5

5.0
7.5
B

C
A

Main
sequence

F
A

The following examples are the explanations for the stellar evolutionary stage from B through C.
Choose all the correct descriptions from the examples.[ 6 points]
--------------------<Examples>--------------------a. Luminosity increases.
b. Mass increases.
c. Size increase.
d. The surface temperature is rising.
e. The main energy source is the nuclear fusion reaction.
f. The central core shrinks but the outer shell expands.

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2006-09-05

Final contest of 2006 KESO

After field survey, one geological question with the Photo.

What is the evidence of reversed formation?

What kinds of mechanism provoke the reverse deformation?
What kinds of geological structure can you recite as examples?