Main article: History of Peru The earliest evidence of human presence in Peruvian territory

has been dated to approximately 10,560 BCE The oldest known complex society in Peru 
and the Americas, the Norte Chico civilization, flourished along the coast of the Pacific
Ocean between 3000 and 1800 BCE These early developments were followed by
archaeological cultures such as Cupisnique, Chavin, Paracas, Mochica, Nazca, Wari, and
Chimú. In the 15th century, the Incas emerged as a powerful state which, in the span of a
century, formed the largest empire in pre-Columbian America Andean societies were based
on agriculture, using techniques such as irrigation and terracing; camelid husbandry and
fishing were also important. Organization relied on reciprocity and redistribution because
these societies had no notion of market or money Machu Picchu, the "Lost City of the
Incas," voted one of the New Seven Wonders of the World. In the years between 1524 and
1526 hemorrhagic smallpox, introduced from Panama and preceding the Spanish
conquerors swept through the Inca Empire.The death of the Incan ruler Huayna Capac as
well as most of his family including his heir, caused the fall of the Incan political structure
and contributed to the civil war between the brothers Atahualpa and Huáscar
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Lima - Nazca - Arequipa - Colca Canyon - Puno - Lake Titicaca - Cusco - Machu
Picchu 17d/16n

This is a great opportunity for travelers to explore or taste

Peru, we begin in Lima exploring the City of the Kings, then we drive along the
Panamerican high way to get to Nasca and do the over-flight of the first astronomical
observatory, we continue until we get to Arequipa -The White City, located by the foot of
the Misti volcano; we then drive to the famous Colca canyon, better known as the valley of
the Condors. There is a good chance to see these birds soaring in the area; we then continue
on to Puno where the highest navigable lake in the world is located over 12,000 feet above
see level and visit the famous artificial floating islands and have opportunity to interact
with the Uros people; we finally get to Cusco -the ancient capital of the Incas, exploring the
Sacred Valley as well and finishing our adventure touring Machu Picchu and learning with
our local knowledgeable and expert guide.

 
Lima - Pisco - Ballestas Island - Arequipa - Colca Canyon - Puno - Lake Titicaca -
Cusco Machupicchu 17 d / 16 n

This program is similar to the one above but with small different features included: we start
in Lima and drive to southwards to Pisco (where the famous Pisco Sour drink takes its
name) and Paracas. We also visit the Ballestas Islands where we can see the famous
Pelicans, Inca Tern, Gulls, Sea Lions , Humboldtpenguins, and ‘Aves Guaneras’ the ones
which produce the ‘Guano’ or natural fertilizer, riding little open boats we sail around the
Ballestas Islands. We then drive along the Panamerican high way to get to Arequipa and the
Colca Canyon, Condors are seen soaring the area; we continue on to Puno where the
highest navigable lake is located (12,508 feet) we finally end up in Cusco and Machu
Picchu to learn a lot of the Inca Civilization touring those great places.

Lima - cusco - inca trail - machu picchu 9 d / 8 n

Lima -City of the Kings, still preserve the colonial buildings and the beautiful balconies,
Peru is considered the country with the largest number of balconies. We also have the
opportunity to visit a shanty town in Lima and continue to get to the ancient Capital of the
great Inca Civilization, which still preserves original and gorgeous Inca walls and the
impressive colonial buildings with Inca stone work. Next comes our challenge, hiking the
famous Inca Trail to Machu Picchu, a 4-day/3-night experience where we see unspoiled
views, many species of orchids and original Inca remains, on the last day we get to
Intipunku or the ‘Sun gate’ for our first view of Machu Picchu spread below us. We tour
the site with our local knowledgeable guide then back to Cusco and Lima

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