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ChinesePhraseBook PDF
ChinesePhraseBook PDF
We hope this book will help you during your first few weeks or months in
China. We have written this book into sections that allow you to look for things
by theme or situation.
Contents
Chapter 1 - Pinyin-How to say it.
Chapter 2 - Basic Communication
Chapter 3 - Questions
Chapter 4 - Numbers and measurements
Chapter 5 - Colors and sizes.
Chapter 6 - Some adjectives
Chapter 7 - Some verbs
Chapter 8 - Some adverbs
Chapter 9 - At the airport
Chapter 10 - In a taxi
Chapter 11 - At the hotel
Chapter 12 - Giving/Asking for directions and being lost
Chapter 13 - Sick! At the hospital
Chapter 14 - Eating
Chapter 15 - Shopping-its too expensive!
Chapter 16 - At the pub
Chapter 17 - On Business/At the office/In the classroom
Chapter 18 - At the beach or up a mountain
Chapter 19 - Emotions!
Chapter 20 - At the bank.
Small Talk!
Chapter 21 - Family
Chapter 22 - Friends
Chapter 23 - Weather
Chapter 24 - My Country
Chapter 25 - Work
Chapter 26 - Hobbies
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The following will hopefully help you not mangle the language too much!
B: like in bag
P: like in pack
M: like in mark
F: like in far
D: like in dark
T: like in tally
N: like in navy
L: like in lad
G: like in gap
K: like in karma
H: like in happy
J: like in jeans
Q: likes in cheap
X: like sh in share
Zh: likej in Japan
Ch: like in cheese
Sh: like in ship
R: like r in leisure
Z: like ds in reads
C: like ts in cats
S: like in Sam
Y: like in yes
W: like in water
a: like in far
o: like in awe
e: like in mother
I: like in bee
u: like in nude
: like in loo
er: like in are
ai: like in I
ei: like in eight
ao: like in ow!
ou: like in over
an: like in man
en: like in then
ang: like in angle
eng: like in sung
ong: like in wrong
ia: like in Asia
ie: like in air
iao: like in yell
iu: like in ill
ian: like in Ian
in: like in pin
ing: like in ping
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She
It
Yes
No
Toilet
ta
ta
shi
bu
cesuo
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Chapter 3 - Questions
What is that?
Na shi shenme?
What is this?
Zhe shi shenme?
Where is XXX?
XXX zai nali? XXX ?
Who is he?
Ta shi shui?
Who is she?
Ta shi shui?
My name is XXX
Wo jiao XXX XXX
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Chapter 4 - Numbers
This can be quite complicated, but let me try to explain.
One yi
Two er
Three san
Four si
Five wu
Six liu
Seven qi
Eight ba
Nine jiu
Ten shi
eleven shiyi
twelve shier
thirteen shisan
fourteen shisi
fifteen shiwu
sixteen shiliu
seventeen shiqi
eighteen shiba
nineteen shijiu
twenty ershi
Numbers
Lucky numbers are based on Chinese words that sound similar to other
Chinese words. The numbers 6, 8, and 9 are believed to have auspicious
meanings because they sound similar to words that have positive meanings.
The number 6 in Mandarin is pronounced the same as "liu" and it
similar to "fluid or smooth and is therefore considered good for
Mandarin World Phrase Book
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business.
The word for "eight" sounds similar to the word which means "prosper"
or "wealth".
The number 9 is a homophone of the word for "long lasting" and as
such is often used in weddings.
Number 4 is considered an unlucky number in Chinese because it is
nearly homophonous to the word "death". In East Asia, some buildings
do not have a 4th floor.
Measurement
Kilo gongjin ie 2 kilos liang gongjin
Pound jin
Metre mi
ie 3 metres san mi
Kilometer gongli
Foot yingli
Liter sheng
Centimeter limi
millimeter haomi
minute fenzhong
second miao
hour xiaoshi
day tian
week xingqi
month yue
year nian
dollar yuan/kuai
cent fen
ten cents mao or jiao
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Colors
Red
You may feel its quite interesting that many Chinese love to wear red
especially for weddings or birthdays of elderly people. While it stands for blood,
bad luck or even disaster in Western countries. However, red symbolizes good
fortune and joy in China. Red is found everywhere during the Chinese New
Year and other holidays and family gatherings. A red envelope is a monetary
gift which is given in Chinese society during holiday or special occasions. The
red color of the packet symbolizes good luck. Red is strictly forbidden at
funerals as it is a color of happiness.
Yellow/gold
Yellow, corresponding with earth, is considered the most beautiful color.
Yellow was the color of Imperial China and is held as the symbolic color of the
five legendary emperors of ancient China. In ancient china, ordinary people
were not allowed to use the color but everyone has the right to use it now.
Yellow often decorates royal palaces, altars and temples, and the color was
used in the robes and attire of the emperors.
Yellow also represents freedom from worldly cares and is thus esteemed in
Buddhism. Monks garments are yellow, as are elements of Buddhist temples.
Yellow is also used as a color of mourning for Chinese Buddhists.
Black and white
Black and white is used to represent the unity of Yin and Yang. Ancient
Chinese regarded black as the king of colors and honored black more than any
other color. In modern China, black is used in daily clothing. Black may also be
used during a funeral to symbolize the spirit's return to the heavens and people
wear black ribbons on their arms.
White is also the color of mourning. Unlike the Western meanings of purity,
chastity, holiness and cleanliness, white is associated with death and is used
predominantly in funerals in Chinese culture. Ancient Chinese people wore
white clothes and hats only when they mourned for the dead (Some places of
China still follow this tradition).
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Colors
Colors as adjectives are used in front of the noun
with a de as a joining word between the adjective and
noun.
So red car is hongse de che
Red hongse
Blue lanse
Green lse
Yellow huangse
White baise
Black heise
Grey huise
Pink fenhongse
Brown kafeise
Purple zese
Orange chengse
To say light (colour) you need to add the word qian in front of the word, to say dark
you need to add shen in front of the color.
Sizes
With the adjectives below you don't need to add de.
A big apple Yi ge da pingguo
Big da
Small xiao
Medium zhong
Long chang
Short duan
Tall gao
High gao
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Thin shou
Pretty piaoliang
Handsome shuai
Ugly chou
Old lao
Young nianqing
New xin
Bad huai
Walk zoulu
Jump tiao
Eat chi
Drink he
Sleep shui
Go qu
Come lai
Travel lyou
Play wan
Sing change
Dance tiaowu
Listen ting
Talk shuohua
Read du
Write xie
Look kan
Swim youyong
Climb pa
Ride qi
Drive kaiche
Quickly kuai
Well hao
Slowly man
Badly buhao
Loudly chao
Quietly anjing
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churu
jingbianfang
jianchazhan
Quarantine haiguan
Waiting room jihoushi
Boarding card dengji pai
Plane ticket feiji piao
Luggage xingli
Information desk zixun chu
Flight hangban
Taxi chuzu che
Airport bus jicheng basi
Boarding gate dengji kou
Take off qifei
Arrivals daoda
Departures chufa
Security check anjian
Delayed tuichi wandian
Duty free products mianshui shangpin
Cancelled quxiao
First class toudeng cang
Business class shangwu cang
Economy class jingji cang
Luggage cart shoutui che
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Im lost!
Wo milu le
How do I get to XXX?
zenme qu XXX? XXX?
Where is XXX?
XXX zai nali? XXX
Take a bus
zuo gongche
Take a taxi
zuo chu zuche
Take the subway
zuo ditie
Go straight ahead
wangqian zou
Turn Left
zuo guai
Turn Right
you guai
Cross the road
guo malu
Is it far?
Yuan ma?
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Doctor
yisheng
Hospital
yiyuan
Injection
dazhen
Intravenous drip
da diaozhen
yao
Medicine
pharmacy/chemist
insurance
yaodian
baoxian
shoushu
Operation
Pain
tong/teng
Dizzy
touyun
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Chapter 14-Eating
Table manners
We use chopsticks or sometimes even grasp rice directly with our hands.
The thin and long chopsticks cannot be used to cut food, so we usually use our
teeth to act as knives sometimes. We hold our food, meat or vegetables, with
the chopsticks, send them to our mouth to bite off a part of it and keep the
other part of food on the chopsticks. Thats the usual way we eat. We are also
used to holding up our bowls near our mouth when having rice or soup. It is
unfair that all these habits are considered rude in your eyes, please
understand its a different behavior and we use different tools to eat.
It is noted that we usually share all food in the middle of the table rather
than on individual plates
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Food
Some Chinese eat snakes,
frogs, even rats or insects, especially
for people in Guangdong province.
Another thing is that we eat animals
necks, feet or even heads
sometimes, especially for ducks and
chickens. And when we cook meat,
we usually do not take out the bone.
Eat chi
Drink he
Delicious haochi
Yuck! Buhaochi
Restaurant fandian
Western xifang
Chinese zhongfan
Snack xiaochi
Breakfast zaofan
Lunch wufan
Dinner wanfan
Menu caidan
Waiter/waitress fuwuyuan
Beer! Pijiu
Tea cha
Rice mifan
Spicy la
Sweet tian
Sour suan
Bitter ku
Hot re
Cold leng
Salty xian
Oily you
Beef niurou
Chicken jirou
Fish yu
Potato tudou
Lamb yangrou
Pork zhurou
Egg jidan
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Beer! Pijiu
Wine! Putao jiu
Red hong
White bai
Cocktail jiwei jiu
Cold! Bingde
Waiter/watress/barkeep fuwuyuan
Food shiwu
Toilet cesuo
Pool taiqiu
Bottoms Up! Gan bei!
Cheers! Peng bei!
Drunk zuile
Where is the toilet?
Cesuo zai nail?
Im going to vomit?
Wo yaotu
Another bottle!
Zailai yiping
Another glass!
Zailai yibei
Do you want to play pool?
Ni yao da taiqiu ma?
Do you want to play darts?
Ni yao wan feibiao ma?
Its my treat
Wo qingke
No ice!
Buyao bingkuai
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Chapter 19-Emotions!
Happy kaixin
Sad sanxin
Angry shengqi
Surprised chijing
Worried danxin
Tired lei
Bored wuliao
Scared haipa
Interested ganxing qu
How do you feel? Ni zenme yang?
I am XXX wo XX XXX
Im homesick wo xiangjia
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Small Talk
j i tng
Chapter 21-Family
Useful words
dialogue
n ji zi n
B:
I live in Shanghai
zi shng hi n
A:
Where in Shanghai ?
zi hng ku
B: Hong Kou
zhn d e m a
ti qio l e
w ji y zi hng ku
A:
Really? What a coincidence! I live in
Hongkou, too
n sh d shng z m e
n ne
w yu y g d d h ling g mi mi
B:
Oh, I have one younger brother and two younger sisters.
t men hi zi shngxu m e
y g zi o d l y
lng y g zi bijng dn d d hi
B:
zishnghiddxu
My sisters are already working now, one is in Australia and the other one is in Beijing,
but my brother is still studying at university in Shanghai.
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Mandarin World Phrase Book
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ji rn
(family member)
ji p
family tree
y y
ni nai
lo lo
lo y
Grandfather
Grandmother
Grandmother
Grandfather
on fathers
on fathers
on mothers
on mothers
side
side
side
side
g g
Aunt
sh sh
Uncle
b ba
m m
f qn
m qn
g g
ji ji
y m
Uncle
Aunt
Older
Older
Me
brother
sister
ji ji
d d
mimi
Younger
Younger
brother
sister
n f m shn t ho m a
du hn yng lng
B:
n f qn tu xi l e b a
t xin zi zi lin ti j n e
B:
Yep, he is learning Taiji now.
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png y u
Chapter 22-Friends
n g e di mo z i d e n hi sh shu
B:
sh d e
n rn shi t m e
t k sh w zu yo ho d e png yu
B:
Of course, she is my best friend.
n ho
A:
n ne
rn shi n hn go xng
n shshnghi bn d rn m e
B:
Are you local Shanghainese?
b sh d e
w sh n hu rn
B
hi b cu
dn sh fng z ti gu l e
A:
Are you going back to your hometown this Labors Day?
hi b qu dng n e
b zh do sh jin k gu
B: .
n yu shn yo n pi n e
Ive not decide yet, and I am not sure if there is enough time. Do you have any plans?
w men d suan q x tng wn ling tin
A:
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w hi mi yu q gu n e
B: .
Xitang? I never had been there before.
n yo b n gn w men y q q b a
rn du ho wn din
A:
Why dont come with us? It will be fun with more people traveling together.
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tin q
Chapter 23-Weather
A:
sh g d qng tin
xi l e zh m e du tin d e y
w di zi jie l i du kui f mi l e
B:
Great! It was raining these days. I've stay home so long I'm going moldy!
ji sh
zh m e ho d e tin q
A:
Right, we should go and enjoy the nice weather.
sh g ho zhy
B:
knkan w b m
A:
B:
y tin ji xing l e
How about a BBQ in the Forest Park? Just one day is enough for that.
k y
w li d din hu du jio xi rn
A:
OK. I will call some friends to come.
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z gu
n sh n l i rn
A
Where are you from?
w sh mi gu rn
n ne
B
I am American, how about you?
w sh zhng gu rn
I am Chinese.
zhn d e m a
w yu hn du zhng gu png yu
n li
z zhnggu n g chngsh
Really? I have many Chinese friends. Which city are you from?
A:
Hefei in Anhui province, I came to Shanghai last year.
About China
d n g b i lionngshng jlnshng hilngjingshng
Mandarin World Phrase Book
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x n n
x bi
gng o ti
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gng z u
Chapter 28-Work
zh sh w d e png yu m l l
t sh y mng jio sh
A:
l l
w sh m k
rn shi n hn go xng
n zi n l i jio sh
B: !
Hi, Lili! I am Mark! Nice to meet you! Where do you teach?
rn shi n w y hn go xng
w zi y cu hn y jio zhng wn
C: !
w y zh xing xu x zhng wn
B:
k sh w d e zhngwn ti ch l e
Awesome! I've always wanted to learn Mandarin, but my Chinese is really poor.
bi dn xn
C:
sh
Dont worry! You can come to our school to do a free test if you want.
tng q li hn b cu
yo t qin y yu m e
B
That sounds great! Do I need to make an appointment?
zu ho sh
C: !
n k y d din hu y yu
123456
That would be best! 123456 is our office number, and you can make an appointment
by phone.
ti ho l e
xi xi n
B:
Thats wonderful! Thank you!
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[Useful words]
jng l
manager
wn yun
clerk
gng chng sh
engineer
y shng
doctor
m sh
secretary
h shi
nurse
nng mn
farmer
gng rn
worker
qin ti
receptionist
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i ho
Chapter 29-Hobbies
n zhu m dumngshn m e n e
A:
What do you do on the weekend?
mishnme t b i d e
jinjinpngyu
knkandinyng
gunggung j i bei
B:
Nothing special! Meeting friends, watching movies and going shopping.
n n xhuan d mjing
A:
Do you like playing Mah-jongg?
w t b i m mjing
dnsh wzngshzhobdopiyu
B:
I am fond of Mah-jongg, but I always cant find any players.
n yushn m e i ho
A: ?
What is your hobby?
w x huan yuyng
n ne
B:
I like swimming. How about you?
w i chng g
A:
I love singing, but I dont like dancing.
n x huanshn m e yndng m a
B:
Do you like any sport?
w toyn yndng
w nngyun knsh
A:
I hate sports, and I prefer reading.
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If you have any comments or suggestions about this book, about learning
Chinese in general, or about studying at our school please feel free to contact
me at kevin.lewis@mandarinworld.com.cn
Kevin Lewis
www.mandarinworld.com.cn
Principal of Mandarin World Language School
Jiaxing Building 3rd Floor Suite 3A,
877 Dongfang Road,
Pudong New Area,
Shanghai
Peoples Republic of China
200122
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