HSSC-II SHORT NOTES

TYPE

Notes

Integration

XII

For any question mail us at info@pakturkmaths.com

CLASS

For more news and updates visit pakturkmaths.com

No

y f x x f x
dy f x dx
Exercise 3.1 (Homework)
Q1:

Find

Q2:

Find

Q3:
Q4:
Q5:
Q6:

y
y

dy in y x 2 1 when x changes from 3 to 3.02

and

dy in y x when x changes from 4 to 4.41

dy
dx
2
2
Using differentials find
and
in x 2 y 16
dx
dy
dy
dx
and
in xy ln x c
Using differentials find
dx
dy
Using differentials to approximate the value of cos 29
and

Find the approximate increase in the volume of a cube if the length of its each edge changes from 5 to 5.02
n1

Formula 2:

f x

f
x
f
x
dx

n1

x dx ln x c

Formula 4:

f x dx ln f x c , f x 0

Formula 5:

e dx e

Formula 6:

f x

f x dx e

Formula 7:

x
a dx

Formula 8:

f x

f x dx

Formula 9:

sin xdx cos x c

Formula 10:

cos xdx sin x c

Formula 11:

sec

Formula 12:

csc

Formula 13:

sec x tan xdx sec x c

Formula 14:

csc x cot xdx csc x c

Formula 15:

Formula 16:

Formula 17:

1 x

Formula 18:

Formula 19:

Formula 20:

Formula 21:

tan xdx lnsec x c

Formula 22:

tan xdx lncos x c

Formula 1:

x n1
n
x
dx

c , n 1

n1

Formula 3:

PAKTURK

1 x
a c , a 0a 1
ln a

xdx tan x c

1
1 x

dx sin 1 x c

dx tan 1 x c

1
x 1
2

dx sec 1 x c

c , n 1

f x

f x

a
c
ln a
f x

xdx cot x c

1
1 x

1
1 x

dx cos1 x c

dx cot 1 x c

1
x 1
2

dx csc 1 x c

Success is a ladder you cannot climb with your hands in your pockets

Formula 23:

cot xdx lnsin x c

INTEGRATION BY SUBSTITUTION

Formula 1:

x
sin 1 c
a
a x

Formula 2:

Formula 3:

x
cosh 1 c
a
x 2 a2

Formula 4:

Formula 5:

dx
1
x
tan1 c
2
x
a
a

Formula 6:

sec xdx ln sec x tan x c

Formula 7:

csc xdx ln csc x cot x c

dx

dx

x
sinh 1 c
a
a x
dx

dx
x 2 a2

1
x
sec 1 c
a
a

Exercise 3.2 (Homework)

Q1:

Evaluate

3x

2 x 1 dx

Q2:

Evaluate

Q3:

Q5:

Evaluate x
dx ( x 0)
x

x a 0
dx
Evaluate

x a x b x b 0

1 e
x

Q7:
Q9:

Evaluate

x 1 dx ( x 0)

Q4:

Evaluate

Q6:

Evaluate

Q8:

Evaluate

ax

e
cos 2 x 1
Evaluate
dx
1 cos 2 x

1 cos 2 x 0

Q10:

Evaluate

tan

1 cos 2 x dx

dx

1 cos 2 x 0

ax b
dx
2bx c

x dx

Exercise 3.3 (Homework)

Q1:

Evaluate

Q4:

Evaluate

Q6:

Show that

Q8:

Evaluate

Q11:

Evaluate

PAKTURK

2 x
4 x2
sec2 x
tan x

dx
dx

a 2 x 2 dx

ax

dx

a2 x4
x
dx
4
x 2 x2 5

Q2:

x2
dx
Evaluate
4 x2

Q5:

Show that

Q3:

dx
x a
2

Evaluate

Q12:

cos x

sin x lnsin x dx

Evaluate

ln x x 2 a 2 c

a2
x x 2
sin 1
a x2 c
2
a 2
Q9:

ex
dx
Evaluate x
e 3

cos

Q7:

Evaluate

1 x tan

Q10:

Evaluate

sin x cos x dx

dx

x 1

1 dx

2 x

Success is a ladder you cannot climb with your hands in your pockets

INTEGRATION BY PARTS

Using

f x g x dx f x g x dx f x g x dx dx

a 2 x 2 dx

x a2 x 2 a2
x
sin 1 c
2
2
a

a 2 x 2 dx

x a2 x 2 a2
x
sinh1 c
2
2
a

Formula 3:

x x 2 a2 a2
x
x a dx
cosh 1 c
2
2
a

Formula 4:

Formula 1:

Formula 2:

f x f x dx e x f x c

Exercise 3.4 (Homework)

Q1:
Q4:
Q7:
Q10:

x ln x dx
Evaluate x tan x dx
Evaluate ln tan x sec
Evaluate e sin 2 x dx
Evaluate

Evaluate

Q5:
2

x dx

Q8:

ln x dx

Q3:

tan 1 x dx

Q6:

Evaluate

sec

x dx Q9:

x sin x dx
Evaluate e sin x cos x dx
Evaluate tan x sec x dx
2

Evaluate

Q11:

Show that

Q13:

Evaluate

Q16:

x
Evaluate x

Q2:

Evaluate

ax

sin bx dx

x 2 4 dx
e x 1 x

2 x

Q12:
e ax sin bx tan 1 c
a

a b

x 1
Q14: Evaluate e ln x dx Q15:
x

Evaluate

Evaluate

x 2 a 2 dx
3x

3sin x cos x

dx
sin2 x

dx

INTEGRATION INVOLVING PARTIAL FRACTIONS

Formula 1:

Formula 1:

dx
1 a x

c
ln
2
x
2a a x

dx
xa
1

c
ln
2
2a x a
a

Exercise 3.5 (Homework)

Q1:

Evaluate

Q3:

Evaluate

PAKTURK

5x 8

3x 1
dx
x6

Q2:

Evaluate

x 3 2 x 1 dx

x 2 3 x 34
dx
x 2 2 x 15

Q4:

Evaluate

6x

1
dx
5x 4

Success is a ladder you cannot climb with your hands in your pockets

3 x 2 12 x 11
x 1 x 2 x 3 dx Q6:

Q5:

Evaluate

Q7:

Evaluate

x 1 x 1 dx

Q9:

Evaluate

x 1 x

Q11:

Evaluate

2x2
2

dx

9x 6
dx
3
8

2 x2

Q13:

Evaluate

x 1 x 1 dx

Q15:

Evaluate

x 3 x

5x2 9x 6
x 2 1 2 x 3 dx

Q8:

Evaluate

Q10:

Evaluate

x 3 x

Q12:

Evaluate

Q14:

9x 7

Evaluate

Evaluate

x4
dx
3x2 4

1 4x

dx

4x 1

4 x 2 4 x 5

3 x3 4 x2 9 x 5
2

dx

x 1 x 2 2 x 3

dx

dx

DEFINITE INTEGRAL

b
d
F x f x f x dx F b F a

a
dx

Define Integral Formulas

Formula 1:

Formula 1:

Formula 1:

Formula 1:

f x dx f x dx
b

f x g x dx f x dx g x dx
f x g x dx f x dx g x dx
b

f x dx f x dx f x dx,

acb

Exercise 3.6 (Homework)

2

Q1:

Evaluate

1 dx

Q2:

Evaluate

Q5:

Evaluate

Evaluate

2t 1
1

x 2

dx

Q3:

2 x 1

dt

Q4:

Evaluate

x 2 x 1 dx

Q6:

Evaluate

x
dx
2

cos t dt
6

PAKTURK

Success is a ladder you cannot climb with your hands in your pockets

Q7:

Evaluate

cos sin
dx
cos 2 1
0
2

ln x dx

Q8:

Evaluate

Q10:

Evaluate

Q9:

Evaluate

2
2
cos cot d

1 dx

3 x2 2 x 1
Evaluate
dx
2
2 x 1 x 1
3

Q11:

Q12:

Evaluate

sec

sin cos d
0

APPLICATION OF DEFINITE INTEGRAL

Area between a Curve and the x-axis

A f x dx
a

Exercise 3.7 (Homework)

x axis and the curve y x 2 1 from x 1 to x 2

x axis and under the curve y 5 x 2 from x 1 to x 2

Q1:

Find the area between the

Q2:

Find the area above the

Q6:

y 3 x and above the x axis between x 1 and x 4

2
Find the area between the x axis and the curve y 4 x x
3
Find the area bounded by the curve y x 1 , the x axis and line x 2
Find the area between the curve y x x 1 x 1 and the x axis

Q7:

Find the area between the

Q3:
Q4:
Q5:

Find the area below the curve

x axis

and the curve

1
y cos x from x to x
2

DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

Differential Equations:

An equation involving derivatives or differentials is called a differential equations

Order of Differential Equations:

The order of the highest ordered derivative involved in a differential equations is called

order of differential equations

Solution Of Differential Equations: The value of dependent variable which along with its derivatives involved in the
differential equations satisfies the differential equations is called its solution

PAKTURK

Success is a ladder you cannot climb with your hands in your pockets

Separable Variable Differential Equations: The general differential equations of the first order and first degree

dy
f x , y is said to be solution of differential equations
dx

Exercise 3.8 (Homework)

Q1:
Q2:
Q3:
Q4:

Q5:
Q6:

Q7:

Q8:

Q9:

dy
1 y or not.
dx
dy
2
2x
e 2 x 1 or not.
Check y e 2 x c either is a solution of y
dx
dy y 2 1
x
x or not.
Check y tan e c either is a solution of
dx
e
dy 1 x

Solve
y 0
dx
y
dy
1
Solve sin y csc x
dx
x 2 1 x dy

Solve
x, y 0
y 1 y dx
dy
2 xy

x
Solve
dx 2 y 1
Check

y cx 1 either is a solution of x

dy

2 dy
y x dx 2 y dx

x
x dy
e x e x
Solve e e
dx
Solve

Q10:

Find the general solution of the equation

Q25:

Solve the differential equation

PAKTURK

dy
x xy 2 . Also find the particular solution if y 1 when x 0
dx

ds
2 st 0 . Also find the particular solution if s 4e when t 0
dt

Success is a ladder you cannot climb with your hands in your pockets