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Internship 1 Preliminary Exams Outline PDF
Internship 1 Preliminary Exams Outline PDF
TO
pharmaceutical
Method of administration:
1. Oral Dosage Form orally
2. Parenteral Dosage Form injections
through the skin, mucous, veins, spinal or
serous membranes.
3. Rectal Dosage Form for systemic effect
or local action through the rectum.
4. Inhalation Dosage Form vaporized to
mucous membranes of the lower part of the
respiratory tract.
5. Topical Dosage Form applied on the
skin or instilled into the eyes, nose, or ears.
Classification of Pharmaceutical Dosage
Forms (IIYAK NA AKO)
I. Liquids
1. Solutions
A. AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS
homogenous mixture that is prepared by
dissolving a solid of liquid or gas in another
liquid.
(a) Water vehicle/solvent for the
desired flavoring or medicinal ingredients.
(b) Aromatic Water medicated
water hehe clear saturated solutions of
volatile oils or aromatic volatile substances
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(c)
Aqueous
acids
inorganic acids
(d) Diluted acids strength of
10% w/v
(e) Douches directed
against a part or into a cavity of the body ok
(f) Enemas evacuation
enemas/ evacuate bowel retention
(g) Gargles treat pharynx
and nasopharynx by forcing air chenes
(h)
Mouthwashes
essences/alcoholic
hydroalcohol
solutions
of
volatile
substances
8. Toothache drops temporary relief of
toothache (sana may heartache drops din
kahit temporary mawala lang yung sakit
awtsu)
B. EMULSIONS two phase system
prepared by combining 2 immiscible liquids.
C. SUSPENSIONS two phase system
consisting of finely divided solid.
1. Gels semi-solid systems made
up of small inorganic/large particles
interpenetrated by liquid.
2. Lotions liquid suspension or
dispersion for external application
3. Magmas and Milks aqueous
suspension of insoluble inorganic drugs
IV. Extracts
1. Tinctures alcoholic/hydroalcoholic
solutions
prepared
from
vegetable
materials/chemical substances
2. Fluidextracts vegetable drug as a
solvent
3. Extracts concentrated preparation of
vegetable/animal drugs obtained by removal
of active constituent.
V. Parenteral Preparations sterile
preparation intended to be administered by
injection on skin/mucous membrane
VI. Intravenous Admixtures mixture of IV
fluids + administer by injection
VII. Ophthalmic Preparations
A. Solutions clear, sterile solution
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finely
divided/effervescent granules
B. Dentifrices bulk powders
containing soap/detergent and mild abrasive
C. Douche Powders soluble
powders
dissolved
in
water
for
antiseptic/cleaning agents of body cavity.
D. Insufflation body cavities
E. Triturations dilution of potent
powdered drugs by mixing with suitable
diluent
X. Oral Solid Dosage Forms
A. Tablets solid dosage form
containing drug substances churva
1. Compressed Tablets
2. Molded Tablets
B. Capsules enclosed in hard/soft
gel capsules
EXERCISE 6: PRESCRIPTION
Prescription
(prae before | scribo write)
I WRITE
order of medication issued by a
physician, dentist, veterinarian, or other
properly licensed practitioner.
- formula written on a piece of paper which
is prescription blank
- oral instruction that directs the use of
certain drugs or call for the use of some
physical agent such as heat
Types of Prescription:
1. Simple Prescription 1 ingredient
2. Compound Prescription more than 1
ingredient
3. Polypharmacal Prescription more than
10/12 ingredients.
4. Magistral Prescription prescribed by
same doctor, same ingredients, same
pharmacist
5.
Coded
Prescription
blind
prescription/words, symbols to represent
name of drugs
induce
immunity
2. Toxoid modified antigen
B. Biologics for passive immunity
1. Human immune sera
(a) Immune globulin antibodies
from pooled plasma of not less than 1000
normal individuals
(b) Hyperimmune system human
donor polls
2. Animal immune system
(a) Antitoxin neutralizing the
specific toxin
(b) Antiviral serum combat/defend
against viruses
(c) Antivenin antiserum containing
antibodies against specific poisons
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- CR
- Hazardous substance
Guidelines
if
Incorrect
Prescription
1. Erroneous filled
2. Violative and Impossible
not filled
Generic
Dispensing
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all
items
used/attached to blind, enclose or contain
the preparation in the final form for market
presentation of the product
Packaging activity of designing and
producing the container
Devices
contrivance
instruments,
apparatus
or
any
ingredient
intended for use in manufacturing
drugs
conditions
wherein use of may harm the patient
9. Expirations date after which
product is not expected to retain
safety, efficacy, and potency
10. Net content total amount of
dosage form in container
11. Batch specific homogenous
quantity of drug produced
12. Lot number any distinctive
combination of letters or numbers
13. Materials Approve Unit authority
with duty to approve or reject raw
materials
14. Generic name scientifically and
internationally recognized active
ingredient
15. Inactive ingredient substances
other than active ingredient
16. Formulation names and amounts
of active medicinal ingredient
17. Dosage forms pharmaceutical
form of preparation
18. Mode of Administration site and
manner product is introduced to the
body
19. Storage Conditions prevailing
specified range of temperature,
humidity chenes
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