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Dynamic Reservoir Modelling

www.cmgl.ca

Steam, Thermal and Advanced processes Reservoir Simulator

STARS is a thermal, K-value compositional, chemical reaction

and geomechanics reservoir simulator ideally suited for
advanced modelling of recovery processes involving the
injection of steam, solvents, air and chemicals.
STARS is the industrys leading thermal and advanced processes reservoir
simulator. Its robust reaction kinetics and geomechanics capabilities
make it the most complete and flexible reservoir simulator available
for modelling the complex oil and gas recovery processes being studied
and implemented today.
The following is a general list of reservoir processes being modeled with STARS:

Thermal

Solids Transport & Deposition

Steam flooding

Fines transport

Cyclic Steam

CHOP (Cold Heavy Oil Production)

SAGD - (Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage)

ES-SAGD - (Expanding Solvent Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage)
Thermal VAPEX

- Sand transport and production (Worm-holes)

Asphaltene precipitation, flocculation,
deposition and plugging
Wax precipitation

Hot Water Flooding

Hot Solvent Injection
Combustion (Air Injection)
- HTO & LTO (High & Low
Temperature Oxidation)
- THAI (Toe-to-Heel Air Injection)
Electrical Heating

Geomechanics
Compaction and subsidence
Rock failure
Dilation
Creep

Differential Temperature Water Injection

Chemical

Naturally and Hydraulically Fractured

Reservoir Modelling

Gellation, simple or multi-stage, multi-component

Dual porosity

Foams, Emulsions & Foamy Oil

ASP (Alkaline-Surfactant-Polymer) flooding

- Multiple interacting continua

- Vertical refinement

Microbial EOR

Dual permeability

VAPEX

Integrated to Pinnacle Technologies, Inc.s

FracProPT fracture design software

Low salinity waterflooding

Reservoir souring

Integrated to Fracture Technologies Ltds WellWhiz

well, completion and fracture design software

Non Oil & Gas Related Applications of STARS:

Ground-water movement
Solution mining operations
Pollutant clean-up and recovery
Near wellbore exothermic reactions
Hazardous waste disposal and re-injection
Geothermal reservoir production

STARS

STARS

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Advanced Features of
STARS include:
User-Defined Reaction Kinetics
STARS allows the user to model reaction kinetics
for rate, temperature and concentration dependent
processes such as combustion or ASP floods.
Mass transfer between phases at a rate
depending on fluid flow velocity to simulate the
formation and/or the breaking of emulsions and
foams is possible. Multiple solids reactions can
also be modelled.

User-Defined Components
User-defined components can appear in any or all
three fluid phases (oil, gas, water) and in an
immobile phase (solid, adsorbed liquid, trapped
liquid). Each component can be a pure chemical, a
combination of several chemicals or a continuum
spanning a range of chemicals. A component can
also be a specific form of material, such as small
gas bubbles entrained in the oil phase, for
modelling special processes.

Dispersed Components Model

STARS dispersed components/stabilized
dispersions model provides the underlying
structure for modelling components suspended
in a carrying phase. This permits the robust
modelling of:
polymers & gels
emulsions & foams
suspended fines
asphaltene flocculation, deposition
and plugging

Well Modelling Source/Sink, SemiAnalytical & Descritized models

Fully Coupled Wellbore modeling is provided with
three implementations:
1. Standard source/sink model
2. Semi-Analytical Wellbore for well bore
hydraulics and heat loss
3. Descretized wellbore model for horizontal wells
with single or dual circulating streams:

Performance Enhancing Features

DynaGrid (Dynamic Gridding) fully dynamic grid refinement and
amalgamation. This unique feature places small grid blocks in the
model where and when required and large blocks throughout the
remainder of the model. Typical model run time decreases range
from 2 to 5 times.
Parrallel Processing multi-CPU parrallel processing is supported
providing significant decreases in model run times. CMGs unique
parallellization method enables ANY model to be parallellized
regardless of the complexity of the grid or the location of wells.
ParaDyne this powerful combination of parallel processing and
dynamic gridding multiplies the run time reduction factors from both
options, resulting in reductions of 3 to 30 times depending on model
parameters and number of CPUs utilized.

Fundamental Grid options: Cartesian, Corner-Point, Cylindrical,

& fully unstructured

BUILDER
Pre-Processing
Applications

Local Grid Refinement (LGR) in Cartesian, Corner-Point,

Cylindrical, and mixed coordinates.
Dynamic Gridding (DynaGrid) fully dynamic and recurrent
refinement and amalgamation
9 point, 5 point methodologies

IMEX
IMplicit-EXplicit
Black Oil Simulator

Comprehensive Rock-Fluid Interaction Definition

In addition to standard relative permeability and capillary pressure
functions, STARS also provides multiple sets of rock-fluid data for
interpolating over local component composition, interfacial tension,
and/or capillary number.

STARS
Steam, Thermal
and Advanced process
ReservoirSimulator

Geomechanical Model

3D and 2D Geomechanics formulation

standard elastic/plastic treatment
dilation/recompaction
compaction/rebound
surface subsidence/uplift
elastic/plastic deformation
creep
shear dilatancy
strain hardening
wellbore loading/unloading
effect of stress on permeability
geomechanics in dual permeability systems

GEM
Compositional Simulator

WINPROP
Phase Behavior Analysis

Multiple Platform Support, Windows, Linux, UNIX

- viscous pressure drop

STARS supports the following Operating Systems

Windows XP (32 bit and x64)
Linux: Red Hat 7.3 (32 bit) and Red Hat Enterprise 3.0 (64 bit)
IBM AIX 5L (5.1 & higher)

- conductive heat flow

TECHNOLOGY
LAUNCHER

Gridding Options

- long transient response times

- multi-phase flow patterns

CMGs Suite of
Integrated
Modelling Tools

RESULTS
Post-Processing
Applications

Multi-Phase Injectors injection of multiple fluids

Multi-Lateral Wells

For more information or to arrange a demonstration of STARS capabilities in your

office, contact any of the CMG Marketing and Sales offices worldwide:
Head Office: (Calgary, Canada) 1-403-531-1300 Fax: 1-403-289-8502 Email: cmgl@cmgl.ca

Dynamic Reservoir Modelling

www.cmgl.ca

Beijing, China
86-10-6209-8540

Caracas, Venezuela
58-212-993-3990

Houston, U.S.A.
1-281-872-8500

London, U.K.
44-1491-832-447