Brinell hardness test as per ASTM E10-14 and ASTM A370-14:

Hardness Test Principle: A material is resistant to indentation under a constant Load.

Brinell machine model: soaroj/3000 (measure up to 650 HBW Max)
Purpose of the test: Used to find Harness of the material and this can co relate with tensile
strength,wear resistance and ductility etc...
Indenter: 10 mm diameter Tungsten carbide ball. ( Steel balls should not be used at any case)
Specimen Preparation:
1. Specimen shall be flat and free from dust or dirt.
2. If necessary remove the surface of sample to remove decarburized layer.
Brinell hardness =
Test force
=
2Fkgf
Surface area of indentation
x D(D-(D2-d2))
Where , F is force applied in kgf
D is indenter diameter in mm
D is mean diameter of indentation in mm
Procedure:
1. Place the specimen in work table and adjust it to touch the indenter.
2. Switch on the hydraulic motor and start applying force with in 1 to 8 s by pulling lever towards
to front.
3. Apply the force for period of 10 s to 15 s.
4. Release the force by moving the lever towards to back.
5. Adjust the table and bring back down, take the Specimen for measument of indentations.
6. Indentation measurements shall be two readings(min) at perpendicular to each other and find
the mean diameter(d).
7. Brinell harness number(HBW) is calculated by using Brinell hardness formula.
8. Ambient test temperature range (15C to 35C), other than this range temperature must be
reported.
(Measuring of Hardness in material which is in hot condition not recommended, it may affects the test
results)
Minimum distance between
Edge and center of indentation
is 2.5 times of indentation
diameter.

Minimum distance between two indentation is 3 times of indentation diameter.