REPORT COMMENTS 2016

Key language resources - Improvement drivers:

Field: expressing and developing ideas To express learning area content and concepts
with increasing detail, specificity/technicality and abstraction (Lit Cap: Grammar Knowledge
- sentence structures and words and word groups; Word knowledge: learning area
vocabulary and spelling)
Greater range and more strategic use of:
1. Processes - more precise/technical doing/action and greater range of saying, sensing and
relating, including beginning to use causal: affect, leads to, causes
Use precise and varied verbs to enhance descriptions and persuasiveness of expression and
writing.
2. Participants - specific to generalized & concrete to abstract with more technicality and,
detail and abstraction through expanded noun groups and nominalisation
Use more specific nouns to enhance descriptions and persuasiveness of expression and writing.
3. Circumstances - more detailed/precise and increasing range beyond time and place to
include more manner, cause, role and angle and concession
Use a wider range of circumstances (adverbs and prepositional phrases) to provide greater
description in writing.
4. Expanded nominal groups - particularly greater use of classifiers and qualifiers (longer
phrases and embedded clauses) and greater abstraction through
Use more complex nominal groups to enhance descriptions and persuasiveness of expression
and writing.
5. Nominalisation - beginning to include cause: reason
Incorporate more nominalisations into writing to better convey complex and abstract ideas in an
objective manner.
6. Clause combining - wide range of subordinating conjunctions and greater use of non-finite
and relative clauses
Demonstrate a range of sentence types in writing to improve fluidity of expression.

Tenor: language for interaction To take a stance and opening up to and engage with
other viewpoints: (Lit Cap: Grammar Knowledge - express opinion and point of view)
Greater range and more strategic use of:

7. Modality - combining elements and resources beyond modal auxiliaries: adverbs,

processes, adjectives and nouns
Select specific modality words to effectively temper and express degrees of certainty, possibility
and obligation.
7. Evaluative language - appropriately and effectively with wider range of resources
(nominalisations of feelings) to express opinions indirectly
Integrate specific evaluative language within nominal groups to indirectly express degrees of
quality and opinion.
7. Quoting and reporting other views - referring to generalised groups and research to
support personal views and or to concede and/or rebutt them
Use quoting and reporting conventions to better express impartiality and acknowledge authorship
of research.

Mode: Text structure and organisation To structure and organise text and create
cohesion and coherence: logical flow (Lit Cap: Text Knowledge - text structure and
cohesion)
Greater range and more strategic use of:
10. Macro- & hyper-themes: foregrounding at text and paragraph level (introductions and topic
sentences)
Carefully follow scaffold instructions to enhance introductions and topic sentences in texts.
10. Connectives - growing range and beginning to use some alternatives: and
nominalisation/nominal groups
Select a greater range of sophisticated text connectives to sequence ideas, clarify and show
cause and effect.
12.
Theme: foregrounding at sentence/clause level passive voice (and foregrounding
phrases and subordinate clauses: time, condition, cause - and use of this/these to pick up old and
carry forward as new theme - and revisit nominalisation - nominalisations as theme (abstract
participants rather than human and concrete)

Use passive voice to write in an objective and formal manner.