Laplace Transform

Victor Purnomo, MS
Universitas Internasional Semen Indonesia

Introduction
- Laplace Transform is used to convert ordinary differential

equations (ODE) to algebraic equations, which are much

simpler.
- Hence, the efforts for solving the problem will be certainly
reduced by using this method.

Basic Formula
F(s) = L [f(t)] =

where:
F(s) = Laplace Transform
s = complex independent variable
f(t) = function of time

L = an operator defined by integral

Function

Transformation

Constant

L (a) =

Step

Derivatives
Exponential

Trigonometric
The Rectangular Pulse
Impulse

Note

L [S(t)] =

= sF(s) f(0)

L cos
F(s) =

() =

0 <0
1 0

F(s) is the LT of f(t)

f(0) = initial value

1
= +

= 2 2
+

(1 )

L [(t)] = 1

0,
<0
, 0 <
0,

The Rectangular Pulse

Try:
Prove Equation (14) and (15) by using Euler Identity!
Euler Identity:

where j

sin =
2
+
cos =
2

General Strategy

Example:
1. Solve
2. Solve

5 + 4y = 2, y(0) = 1 using LT!

12
=
3,
x(0)
=
0
using
LT!

3. Solve y + 6y + 11y+ 6y = 1 where all initial values

are zero using LT!

4. Find the inverse LT of =
5. Find the inverse LT of =

+1
2 (2 +4+4)
+1
2 (2 +4+5)

!
!

Final & Initial Value Theorem

Final Value Theorem:
lim = lim ()

Initial Value Theorem:

lim = lim ()
0

Try:
Apply both theorems above to the transform derived in Example 1!

Transform of an Integral
L

Try:
Find x(t) where x+3x+2x = 2

Time Delay
For a process with time delay t0:
L 0 ( 0 ) = 0 ()

Try:
Find the inverse LT of
!