Purpose

During a drilling operation, in high pressure formation when the pore pressure of formation is higher
than pressure of mud, increase the weight of mud to prevent the blow out in the well. To increase mud
gradient Barite is normally used as a weighting materials for almost all types of mud, whether it is oil
base or water base, but if the formation pressure is very high, other additives such as hematite (Fe2O3)
.used with Barite as a weighting material to prevent the blow out of the well

:Results and Interpretation

Mud Weight = 147.5 pcf
min gel strength = 20 * 1.067 (lb/100ft^2)-10
Initial gel strength = 10 * 1.067 (lb/100ft^2)
Mud cake thickness = 3 mm

Speed (rpm)
600
300
200
100
6
3

Dial Reading
213
121
82
48
6
4

Time (sec)

Filtration Volume
{starch} (cc)
0.5
0.7
1.0
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.4
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.0
2.1
2.2

30
60
80
90
100
120
150
180
210
240
270
300
360
420
480
540

Plastic Viscosity
p = 600 300 p = 213 121 = 92 cp
Yield Point
Yp=2* 300 600

Yp = 2*121 213 = 29 cp

Apparent Viscosity
a = 300 N/N

(rpm)
a(cp)
600
106.5
300
120.1
200
123
100
144
6
300
3
400
Power index (n) and Consistency index (k)
n = 3.322*log( 600/ 300) n = 3.322*log(213/121) = 0.81
k = (510* 300/511n) k = (510*121/5110.8158) = 380.913

:Graphs

With increasing rotary speed electrostatic forces between particles decreases so apparent viscosity
.(slop of shear stress vs. shear rate ) decreases

With increasing rotary speed shear rate increases and according to = , with increasing (shear
.rate) (shear stress) increased

e = d(shear stress)/d(shear rate) with increasing shear rate the slop of vs. decrease, so
.effective viscosity (e) decreased

Spurt loss = 3.4386 cc

0.052*MW*TVD

P=

The hydrostatic pressure of mud (psi):P

TVD : True Vertical Depth (ft)
4

MW: Mud Weight (ppg)

.With increasing the depth hydrostatic pressure of mud increased

:Conclusions
By adding weighting material to base mud due to an increase of number and size of solid particles
.friction forces between solid particles increase and so the viscosity of mud increases
If the viscosity of base mud be not viscose enough when add weighting material, it deposit in mud and
.produce two phase mud