S.Y.B.Tech.

Gear Tooth Measurement

EXPERIMENT No. 2
GEAR TOOTH MEASUREMENTUSING GEAR TOOTH CALIPER
Aim :Inspection of gear tooth using gear tooth caliper and measurement of gear tooth
thickness

Introduction :Gears are mainly used for transmission of power and motion. For close control
over the accuracy of manufacture, precision measurement of gears plays a vital role.
Various types of gears commonly used are.

Spur Gear :It is cylindrical gear whose tooth traces are straight line

Helical Gear:It is cylindrical gear whose tooth traces are straight helical

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S.Y.B.Tech.

Gear Tooth Measurement

Spiral Gear :A gear whose tooth traces are curved lines

Straight Bevel :A gear whose tooth traces are straight line generator of cone. It is conical in form
operating on intersecting axes usually at angles.

Worm Gear :The worm and mating worm wheel have their axes nonintersecting.

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S.Y.B.Tech.

Gear Tooth Measurement

Terminology Of Gear Tooth :-

Base Circle:It is circle from which involutes form is generated. Only the hare on a gear is
fixed and unalterance.

Pitch Circle:It is an imaginary

Pitch Circle Diameter:It is the diameter of a circle which by pure rolling action would produce the same
motion as the tooth gear wheel. This is more important diameter of gear.

Module:It is defined as length of pith circle diameter per tooth.

(M)= D
N

Where
D: - P.C.D.
N: - Number of teeth

Addendum:This the radial distance from the pitch circles to the tooth.

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Gear Tooth Measurement

Clearance :This is the radial distance from the tip of tooth to the bottom of a mating tooth
space, when the teeth are symmetrically engaged. Its STD value is 0.157 M .

Duodenum:This is radial distance from the pith circle to the bottom of tooth space.

Blank Diameter: This is the diameter of blank from which gear is out
Blank Diameter = P.C.D + 2M

Tooth Thickness :This is the arc distance measured along the pitch circle from its intercept with
one flank to its intercept with the flank of same tooth.
The teeth thickness measurement is the more important measurement. Most of
gear manufacturer may not undergo checking of all other parameter but thickness
measurement is must.
Gear tooth thickness is measured by using gear tooth vernier caliper. It is
applicable for gears where tooth traces are straight line.

Procedure: The gear tooth vernier has two vernier scales and they are set for width W of the
tooth and depthd from the top at which W occurs.
* Consider one gear tooth, the values of W andd can be found by using caliper.
It may be noted that w is chord length but tooth thickness is specified by arc distance.
Alsod found out by using caliper is slight greater than addendum. Therefore W andd
are called chordal thickness and chordal addendum respectively.
* Take five readings of W andd and calculate Wavg and davg.
* With the help of Wavg calculate the experimental value of module.
* Calculate theoretical value of the module.
* Finally find out % error in module.

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Gear Tooth Measurement

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S.Y.B.Tech.

Gear Tooth Measurement

Data :-

P.C.D. = 96.77 mm.

No. of tooth (N) = 60
Module ( Mth ) = P.C.D. =
N

Observation Table:Width Measurement

Sr No

Depth Measurement

Wavg

1
2
3
4
5

% error in module = Mth Mexp

Mth

X 100

= ..

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davg