PROBLEM 1

Solution

Suppose that there are 1000 birds on

an island, breeding with a constant
continuous growth rate 10% per year.
But now birds migrate to the island at
a constant rate of 100 new arrivals per
year. How many birds are on the island
after seven years?

P (t )=150 e kt
ln
kt

160=150 e k =

dx
=0.1 x +100
dt

C=2000,

100
=Ce0.1t 1000
0.1

t=0, x=1000

Substituting

x ( t )=2000 e
We obtain

1000000=150 e

0.000516

Ans.

t=17 063.7 seconds

Today there are 1000 birds on an

island. They breed with a constant
continuous growth rate of 10% per
year. How many birds will be on the
island after seven years?
Solution

gives

so we have
0.1t

125

PROBLEM 3

The general solution to this differential

equation is

x ( t )=Ce0.1 t

( 160
150 )
=0.000516

P (t )=150 e 0.000516 t

Solution
Let x be the number of birds on the
island after t years. With k = 0.1 and
m = 10, we have

P (125 )=160

1000

Let x be the number of birds on the

island after t years. With continuous
growth rate

dx
=0.1 x
dt

0.7

x ( 7 )=2000 e 1000 3030

birds.

PROBLEM 2
Suppose it takes 125 seconds for a
certain bacteria culture to grow from a
population of 150 organisms to 160
organisms. How many hours it will
take for the bacteria culture to grow to
a population of 1000000 organisms?

k =10 =0.1, we have

And hence, solving the differential

equation,

x ( t )=Ce0.1 t
for some positive constant C. Since

x ( 0 )=100 , we have

C=1000

x ( t )=1000 e 0.1t

so,

After seven years, the number of birds

0.7

x ( 7 )=1000 e 2010

on the island is

.5 %x o

xo

t=0

When

x=x o

x= Aekt

x= Ae0

A=x o

x=x o ekt
When

t=25
.989 x o =x o e25 k Ans.
k =4.424379 104

PROBLEM 4
Radium decomposes at a rate
proportional to the quality of radium
present. Suppose that it is found that
in 25 years, approximately 1.1% of a
certain quantity of radium are
decomposed, approximately, how long
it will take for one half the original
amount of radium decomposes.
Solution
Condition

xo

PROBLEM 5

xo

0
2

xo

25

98.9 %x o

The population of a certain country is

known to increase
at a rate
proportional to the number of people
presently living in the country. If after
two years, the population has doubled
and after 3 years, the population is
20000, find the number of people
initially in the country.

Solution

x= Aekt

Condition

xo
When

t
1

xo

2 xo

xo

2
3

20000

kt

x=x o e

xo

t=2
x o=x o e2 k

k =0.3465735903

20000=x o e (0.3465 ) (3 ) Ans.

x o=7071 persons