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Social Security Schemes in India - Current Status and Way Ahead
Social Security Schemes in India - Current Status and Way Ahead
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Introduction
Social security is the protection that a society provides to individuals and households to ensure access to health care and to
guarantee income security, particularly in cases of old age, unemployment, sickness, invalidity, work injury, maternity or loss
(1)
of a breadwinner. Social security has a powerful impact at all levels of society. It provides workers and their families with
access to health care and with protection against loss of income. It provides older people with income security in their
retirement years.
(2)
For employers and enterprises, social security helps maintain stable labor relations and a productive workforce. The Indian
Constitution adopted in 1951 contains all the ingredients obliging the state to move towards the realization of socio-economic
rights under Article 41, 42, 43 & 47. (3)
The workforce in India is of two types-organized and unorganized. In India 92.4% is unorganized workforce and 7.6 % is
organized workforce. 51.4% of the workforce is in Agriculture.(2)
provided directly to women 19 years and above for the first two live births subject to the woman fulfilling specific conditions
relating to maternal child health and nutrition. (10)
RASHTRIYA SWASTHYA BIMA YOJANA - RSBY
Initially this scheme was applicable to BPL Families but now Bidi workers, Construction workers, Railway porters & vendors,
MNREGA workers, Domestic workers, Street vendors have also been covered under this scheme. Rs30/- as registration fee is
paid by beneficiaries at the time of enrolment and also at the time of renewal. Key features of this scheme are Sum insured of
Rs 30,000 per BPL family on a family floater basis, Coverage of 5 members of a family, No age limit, Transport allowance @
Rs.100 per visit up to maximum of Rs 1000. (11)
References
1. Facts on Social security, International Labor Organization. Available from
http://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/dgreports/dcomm/documents/publication/wcms_067588.pdf.[Last accessed 28 May 2015]
2. Social Security, Ministry of Labor and Employment, Government of India. Available from http://labour.nic.in/content/division/social-
security.php.[Last accessed 30 May 2015]
3. Social Security In Inda: Constitutional And Legal Framework. Available from
http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/6251/9/09_chapter%205.pdf.[Last accessed 28 May 2015]
4. Employees Compensation Act,1923.Available from www.ilo.org/dyn/natlex/docs/Electronic/32077/.../Ind32077.pdf.[Last accessed 28 May 2015]
5. Employees State Insurance Act. Available from http://www.esic.nic.in/esi_act.php.[ Last accessed 30 May 2015]
6. Maternity benefit act 1961.Available from www.ilo.org/dyn/travail/docs/678/maternitybenefitsact1961.pdf.[Last accessed 31 may 2015]
7. Laws related to Labor Welfare -Ministry of Labor and Employment, Government of India. Available from
http://labour.nic.in/content/innerpage/labour-welfare.php [Last accessed 1 June 2015]
8. NSAP, Ministry of rural development. Available from http://nsap.nic.in/. [Last accessed 3 June 2015]
9. Atal Pension Yojana. Available from http://financialservices.gov.in/APY.asp. [Last accessed 3 June 2015]
10. Indira Gandhi Matritva Sahyog Yojana. Available from http://wcd.nic.in/SchemeIgmsy/scheme_igmsy.htm. [ Last accessed 3 June 2015]
11. Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana. Available from http://www.rsby.gov.in/about_rsby.aspx.[Last accessed 4 June 2015]