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  • Polycrystals vs. Single Crystal I: Module 3: Lecture 11: Material Properties: The Role of Crystal Structure

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    Peyman Grd
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    Most engineering materials are polycrystalline, consisting of many small crystals or grains of varying sizes. The random orientations of these grains in polycrystals generate average mechanical properties, preventing anisotropy. Single crystal metallic alloys can be specially developed for high performance applications by exploiting anisotropy, since properties can vary significantly by crystal direction, such as the modulus of elasticity for body-centered cubic iron being 270 GPa along the diagonal but only 125 GPa along the edge.

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    Most engineering materials are polycrystalline, consisting of many small crystals or grains of varying sizes. The random orientations of these grains in polycrystals generate average mechanical properties, preventing anisotropy. Single crystal metallic alloys can be specially developed for high performance applications by exploiting anisotropy, since properties can vary significantly by crystal direction, such as the modulus of elasticity for body-centered cubic iron being 270 GPa along the diagonal but only 125 GPa along the edge.

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    Polycrystals vs. Single Crystal I: Module 3: Lecture 11: Material Properties: The Role of Crystal Structure

    Uploaded by

    Peyman Grd
    Most engineering materials are polycrystalline, consisting of many small crystals or grains of varying sizes. The random orientations of these grains in polycrystals generate average mechanical properties, preventing anisotropy. Single crystal metallic alloys can be specially developed for high performance applications by exploiting anisotropy, since properties can vary significantly by crystal direction, such as the modulus of elasticity for body-centered cubic iron being 270 GPa along the diagonal but only 125 GPa along the edge.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    2/17/2017 Objectives_template

    Module3:
    Lecture11:MaterialProperties:TheRoleofCrystalStructure


    Polycrystalsvs.SingleCrystal
    Ingeneral,mostoftheengineeringmaterialsarepolycrystallineconsistingofmanysmallcrystals
    ofvariablesizesalsoknownasGrains.Thefigurebelowshowsthegrainedstructureof
    lowcarbonsteel.Therearewidevariationsofsizesofgrainsobservedfromafewnmtocm.The
    randomorientationsofgrainsgenerateaveragemechanicalpropertiesincrystals,preventing
    anisotropy.Forexample,foraBCCIron,ModulusofElasticityalongthediagonaldirectionis
    around270GPawhereasthesamealongitsedgeisonly125GPa.Again,inhighperformance
    applicationslikeTurbineblades,singlecrystalmetallicalloysarespeciallydeveloped,exploitingthe
    anisotropy.








    PolycrystalsofLowCarbonSteel

    http://nptel.ac.in/courses/112104122/lecture9/9_6.htm 1/1

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