4/3/2017 Aeolic Greek - Wikipedia

Aeolic Greek
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

In linguistics, Aeolic Greek (/ilk/; also Aeolian /io

lin/, Lesbian or Lesbic dialect) is the set of dialects of Aeolic Greek
Ancient Greek spoken mainly in Boeotia (a region in Region Boeotia, Thessaly, Aeolis
Central Greece); Thessaly, in the Aegean island of c. 800 300 BC
Era
Lesbos; and the Greek colonies of Asia Minor (Aeolis).
Language Indo-European
The Aeolic dialect shows many archaisms in comparison family
Hellenic
to the other Ancient Greek dialects (Attic, Ionic, Doric, Ancient Greek
Northwestern and Arcadocypriot), as well as many Central
innovations. Aeolic Greek

Aeolic Greek is widely known as the language of Sappho Language codes

and of Alcaeus of Mytilene. Aeolic poetry, which is ISO 639-3
exemplified in the works of Sappho, mostly uses four Linguist grc-aeo (http://multitree.org/
classical meters known as the Aeolics: Glyconic (the most list codes/grc-aeo)
basic form of Aeolic line), hendecasyllabic verse, Sapphic
stanza, and Alcaic stanza (the latter two are respectively Glottolog None
named for Sappho and Alcaeus).

In Plato's Protagoras, Prodicus labelled the Aeolic

dialect of Pittacus of Mytilene as "barbarian"
(barbaros),[2] because of its difference from the Attic
literary style:[3]

He didn't know to distinguish the words

correctly, being from Lesbos, and having
Distribution of Greek dialects in Greek in the
been raised with a barbarian dialect
classical period. [1]
Western group: Central group: Eastern
Doric proper Aeolic group:
Contents Northwest Arcado- Attic

Doric Cypriot Ionic

1 Phonology Achaean
1.1 Consonants Doric
1.1.1 Labiovelars
1.1.2 Sonorant clusters
1.1.3 Loss of h
1.1.4 Retention of w
1.2 Vowels
1.2.1 Long a
1.2.2 Boeotian
1.3 Accent
2 Morphology
3 Glossary
3.1 Aeolian
3.1.1 Boeotian
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3.1.1 Boeotian
3.1.2 Thessalian
4 See also
5 References

Phonology
Consonants

Labiovelars

Proto-Indo-European and Proto-Greek *k changed to Aeolic p everywhere. By contrast, PIE *k changed to

Attic/Ionic, Arcadocypriot, and Doric t before e and i.

PIE *ketwores Lesbian psures, Boeotian pttares ~ Attic tttares, Ionic tsseres, Doric ttores
"four"

Similarly PIE/PGk *g always became b and PIE *g > PGk *k always became ph (whereas in other
dialects they became alternating b/d and ph/th before back/front vowels).

Labiovelars were treated the same way in the P-Celtic languages and the Sabellic languages.

Sonorant clusters

A Proto-Greek consonant cluster with h (from Indo-European *s) and a sonorant (r, l, n, m, w, y) changed to
a double sonorant in Aeolic (rr, ll, nn, mm, ww, yy) by assimilation. In Attic/Ionic and Doric, the h assimilated
to the vowel before the consonant cluster, causing the vowel to lengthen by compensatory lengthening.

PIE VsR or VRs Attic/Ionic-Doric VVR.

VsR or VRs Aeolic VRR.[4]

PIE *hsmi Proto-Greek *ehmi Aeolic emmi ~ Attic/Ionic mi (= ) "I am"

Loss of h

Lesbian Aeolic lost in initial h- (psilosis "stripping") from Proto-Indo-European s- or y-. By contrast, Ionic
sometimes retains it, and Attic always retains it.

PIE *sehue
lios Proto-Greek *hwelios Lesbian lios, Ionic lios ~ Attic hlios "sun"

Retention of w

In Thessalian and Boeotian (sub-dialects of Aeolic) and Doric, the Proto-Indo-European and Proto-Greek
semi-vowel w (digamma) was retained at the beginning of a word.

PIE wek-es- Boeotian, Doric wpos ~ Attic-Ionic pos "word", "epic" (compare Latin vx "voice")

Vowels
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Long a

In Aeolic and Doric, Proto-Greek long remains. By contrast, in Attic, long changes to long in most cases;
in Ionic, it changes everywhere.[5]

PIE *mehter- Aeolic, Doric mtr ~ Attic/Ionic mtr "mother"

Boeotian

In Boeotian, the vowel-system was, in many cases, changed in a way reminiscent of the modern Greek
pronunciation.

Attic/Ionic /ai/ ~ Boeotian /e/ ~ Modern Greek /e/

Attic/Ionic /e/ ~ Boeotian /i/ ~ Modern Greek /i/
Attic/Ionic /oi/ ~ Boeotian /y/ ~ Mediaeval Greek and Old Athenaean /y/ ~ Modern Greek
/i/

Accent

In Lesbian Aeolic, the accent of all words is recessive (barytonesis), as is typical only in the verbs of other
dialects.[6]

Attic/Ionic potams ~ Lesbian ptamos "river"

Morphology
Contracted or vowel-stem verbs that are thematic in Attic/Ionic are often athematic (-mi) in Aeolic.[7]

Ionic phil, Attic phil ~ Aeolic phlmi "I love"

The same is also found in Irish, where this selection has been generalized, i.e. -im, also in Slovak -m (as
opposed to other Slavic languages which still retain the original (based on PIE) opposition -u/-m).

Aeolic athematic infinitive active ends in -men or (Lesbian) -menai. ~ Attic/Ionic has -enai.

Lesbian mmen, mmenai; Thessalian, Boeotian emen ~ Attic/Ionic enai (spurious diphthong) "to be"

In the Lesbian dialect this ending also extends to the thematic conjugation, where Attic/Ionic has -ein. All three
of these Aeolic endings occur in Homer.

Homeric agmen

Proto-Greek -ans and -ons -ais and -ois (first- and second declension accusative plural). ~ Attic/Ionic -s
and -s (= -).[8][9]

Dative plural -aisi and -oisi. ~ Attic/Ionic -ais and -ois.

The participle has ois and ais for Attic s (= ), s.[10]

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Glossary
Aeolian

lios (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=
a)e/lios) "sun" Doric also (Attic hlios; Cretan abelios; Laconian bela; Pamphylian babelios) ( PIE
*sawel- )
gnos "struggle" (Attic (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:199
9.04.0057:entry=a)/gw=n) agn; Elean dat. pl. agnois for agsi)
athr mata (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:
entry=a)qrh/mata) gifts sent by kin to Lesbian brides (Sappho fr.) (compare Homeric hedna, eedna (htt
p://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%233
0693))
Aiolnes "Aeolians" (Attic Aioles) (aioliz (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hoppe
r/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=ai)oli/zw) "speak Aeolic, compose in the Aeolian
mode, trick out with false words" Sophocles Fr.912 ) (aiole (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?
doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%232585) vary, adorn, diversify (aiolos (http://
www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%23261
0) quick-moving, glittering, shifty)
aklades (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0
057%3Aentry%3D%233199) (unpruned vineyards) (Attic akladeutoi ampeloi)
akontion (part of troops) (Attic spear) (Macedonian rhachis, spine or backbone, anything
ridged like the backbone)
- amens (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.0
4.0057%3Aentry%3D%235156) -tos (Attic humn) thin skin, membrane.
amnes (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0
057;query=entry%3D%236204;layout=;loc=a%29mwre%2Fa) (Attic anemones
aoros (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.005
7%3Aentry%3D%2311153) (Attic ahypnos, without sleep)
arpys (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.005
7%3Aentry%3D%2315443) (Attic Eros, Love) attested in Crinagoras, harpazein to
snatch. Homeric harpaleos (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1
999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2315411) attractive,devouring
asphe (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.005
7%3Aentry%3D%2316888) to them (Attic sphe (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perse
us%3Atext%3A1999.04.0072%3Aentry%3D%234599), sphi)
bakchoa (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0
057%3Aentry%3D%2319196) (Attic bothros sacred dungeon, pit)
balla (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.005
7%3Aentry%3D%2319266) threshold (Attic blos) (Doric balos)
belphin (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.00
57%3Aentry%3D%2319793) dolphin (Attic delphis) and Belphoi Delphi
bama (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.005
7%3Aentry%3D%2319842) Doric also (Attic bema walking, step)
blr (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3
Aentry%3D%2320116) incitement (Attic delear (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseu
s%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2323956))
.
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bradaniz (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A199
9.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2320765) brandish, shake off. (Cf.Elean bratana Common rhatane)
bradinos (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.
0057%3Aentry%3D%2320766) slender, soft (Attic rhadinos) Sapph.90,104.
braidion (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.
0057%3Aentry%3D%2320767) (Attic rhaidion easy)
brakein (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0
057%3Aentry%3D%2320809) to understand (dysbrakanon imprehensible)
brakos (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.00
57%3Aentry%3D%2320814) long robe, Sapph.70 Homeric (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bi
n/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2392134) rhakos wrakos
briza (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%
3Aentry%3D%2392407) root (Attic rhiza)
brodon (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.00
57%3Aentry%3D%2321014) (Attic rhodon, rose) and vagina metaphorically in Erotic Glossary.
brodopachus (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1
999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2321015) with pink, rosy forearms (Attic rhodopuches) (
brodopachun Sappho) and brododaktulos (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3A
text%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2321013) with rosy fingers
brocheos or broukeon (Attic brachy short) (Sapph.fr. 2,7)
drasein (Attic to sacrifice)
dnophos (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0
057%3Aentry%3D%2327814) darkness Ionic also (Attic zophos) (akin to knephas)
eide (Attic , forest) ( Ionian also)
Ennesiades Lesbian Nymphs
epialts (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.
0057%3Aentry%3D%2338868) and epials nightmare (Attic ephialts (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cg
i-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2345762)) (wiki Ephialtes)
zadelon (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0
057%3Aentry%3D%2346064) with holes in it, open (Attic diadelon obvious) (Alcaeus 30 D 148P)
imbris (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.00
57%3Aentry%3D%2350467) eel (Attic enchelys)
iron (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3
Aentry%3D%2350094) holy (Attic hiern) (Doric hiarn) (Ionic hirn)
Issa old name of Lesbos Island Cf. Antissa
issasthai (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.0
4.0057%3Aentry%3D%2351231) (Attic klerousthai to take sth by lot)
kankul (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.
0057%3Aentry%3D%2351615) (Attic kkis wet,vapour, mordant dyeing)
kammarpsis (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A19
99.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2352988) dry Measure (Attic hemimedimnon, one half of a
medimnos)
karabides (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.
04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2353252) (Attic graes (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc
=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2322811))
kaualeon (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.0
4.0057%3Aentry%3D%2356195) Hsch (Attic aithos fire, burning heat) (Cf.kai burn)
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klaides (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.00
57%3Aentry%3D%2357655) Doric also (Attic kleides (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc
=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2357772) bars, bolts, keys)
M Mesostrophonia Lesbian festival
messui (Attic in the middle)
molsos (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.00
57%3Aentry%3D%2368368) (Attic , fat)
xennos (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.005
7%3Aentry%3D%2371545) foreigner, guest-friend, strange (Attic xenos) (Ionic xeinos)
ximba (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.005
7%3Aentry%3D%2371639) (Attic rhoia pomegranate-tree) (Boeotian sida (http://www.perseus.tu
fts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2393999))
othmata (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0
057%3Aentry%3D%2372159) (Attic ommata eyes)
n (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057;query
=entry%3D%236214;layout=;loc=a%29%2Fna1) na (Attic an) upon,through,again
(Arcadocypriot also)
passyrion (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.
04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2379955) (Attic passydia totally,all together,with the whole army)
pedameiv (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A199
9.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2380208) (Attic metameivo exchange) ( pedecho
metecho), pedoikos metoikos peda (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%
3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2380200) for meta
pempe (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.005
7%3Aentry%3D%2380545) five (Attic pente, Pamphylian pede ) (
pempassein to count per five) (Attic pempe imp. of pemp send)
Perrhamos (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A199
9.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2382655) Priamus (Alcaeus 74D,111P (it means also king)
psdos (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.005
7%3Aentry%3D%2382690) pedestrian,infantry) (Attic pezs)
pesson (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.005
7%3Aentry%3D%2382703) plain (Attic pedion)
pessyres (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.0
4.0057%3Aentry%3D%23103249) four (Lesbian pisyres) (Boeotian pettares)
(Attic tessares) (Doric tetores)
sami (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.005
7%3Aentry%3D%23101971) save (Attic siz ) (Homeric sao)
siglai (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.005
7%3Aentry%3D%2393981) ear-rings (Attic entia, Laconian exbadia)
skiphos (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.00
57%3Aentry%3D%2371667) Attic xiphos sword (skipt, given as etym. of skiphos and xiphos,
Sch.Il.1.220; cf. skipei: nussei, it pricks,pierces)
spla (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.005
7%3Aentry%3D%2396961)(Attic stol) equipment, garment (spaleis, the sent one, for staleis)
strtos (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.00
57%3Aentry%3D%2397151) (Attic strats) army
syrx (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3
Aentry%3D%2393389) (Attic flesh) (dative plural syrkesi Attic sarxin)

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tenekounti (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A199
9.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%23103073) (Attic enoikounti dative singular of enoikn inhabiting)
tragais (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.00
57%3Aentry%3D%23104452) you break, grow rough and hoarse and smell like a goat
tude (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3
Aentry%3D%23105831) tudai and tuide (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3At
ext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%23105834) here) (Ionic tde)
usdos (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.005
7%3Aentry%3D%2372144) (Attic ozos twig, branch)
phauophoros (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1
999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%23110461) priestess (Attic hiereia) (light-keeper) (Aeolic phau
(http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2
3110470) for Homeric pha shine) (Homeric phaos light, Attic phs and phtophoros)
phria (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.005
7%3Aentry%3D%23110650) (Attic thria beasts)
Psapph (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.
0057%3Aentry%3D%2393281), (Attic Sapph)

Boeotian

aas (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3A
entry%3D%2320) aestton tomorrow (Attic aurion) (Cf.Attic s dawn)
amillakas (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.
04.0057%3Aentry%3D%235276) wine Theban (Attic oinos)
andorkas (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A199
9.04.0057;query=entry%3D%2310930;layout=;loc=a%29nwdi%2Fnw) a fish (http://ww
w.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%232096
8) ,
baidumn (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.0
4.0057%3Aentry%3D%2319122) (Attic arotrian to plough)
bana (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%
3Aentry%3D%2319305) ( balara (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseu
s%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2319247)) woman ( Attic gun ) (, bankes
battikes (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.005
7%3Aentry%3D%2319647) women ( Attic gunaikes )
bastrax (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0
057%3Aentry%3D%2319601) or bastax (Attic trachlos neck) pl.bastraches
bleerei (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.00
57%3Aentry%3D%2320081) (Attic he feels pity) Cf. eleairei
gadou (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.005
7%3Aentry%3D%2346713) ( wadou) (Attic hd) (Corinna.17)
Deus (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%
3Aentry%3D%2324229) instead of Zeus. Attested also in Laconian and Rhodian.
empyria (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0
057%3Aentry%3D%2334561) divination (Attic manteia) (Hsch. public oath, Koine ordeal by fire)
zekeltides (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.
04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2346140) gourds [11] Amerias zakeltides (Phrygian zelkia vegetables)

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idephin sweet-voiced. Hsch.: . [

]
(Attic hduphnon (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.005
7%3Aentry%3D%2346730)) ( Aeolic wad-, ad- )
istake scythe (Attic drepanon)
iugodromein (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1
999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2351417) (Attic , ekbothein, and bodromein, run to help)
( Dionysus, voice,scream (Soph. Phil. 752))(Iungios (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/pt
ext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057;layout=;query=entry%3D%2351416;loc=i%29uggodrom
e%2Fw) Thessalian month)
i and hin (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057;qu
ery=entry%3D%2330658;layout=;loc=e%29gw%2Fguos) (Attic eg, I) (hinga iga for egge)
Karaios (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.
0057%3Aentry%3D%2353262) Boeotian epithet for Zeus meaning tall,head. Boeotian eponym
Karaidas[12]
karoux [13] (Attic kryx herald)
kriddemen (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.
04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2359942) (Attic gelan to laugh) (Strattis fr. 47) Cf. (Cf.Attic kriz (htt
p://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%235
9944) creak,screech)
korilla (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.00
57%3Aentry%3D%2359114) little girl (Koine korasion from Attic korasis girl) (Aetolian korudion)
mlatas (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0
057%3Aentry%3D%2367373) (Attic poimen shepherd) (homeric mlon (http://www.pe
rseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2367423)
sheep) (Attic mlon (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.005
7%3Aentry%3D%2367424) apple, Aeolic-Doric malon)
mnarion (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0
057%3Aentry%3D%2368160) (Attic kallyntron (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/
ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2352780) broom, brush)
opisthotila (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A199
9.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2374502) (Attic spia cuttlefish) (Strattis. fr. 47,3) (squirts its liquor
from behind)
opittomai (homeric opizomai (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3At
ext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2374448) I care,respect) (Laconian opiddomai)
ophrygnai (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.0
4.0057%3Aentry%3D%2376173) (Attic ophryazei (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/p
text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2376170) he winks raising the
eyebrow,to be haughty)
seia (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3
Aentry%3D%2393543) I persecuted (Attic edioxa) (Cf.Homeric seu (http://www.perseus.tuft
s.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2393543) move
quickly,chase)
syoboitoi (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A199
9.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%23101197) Hog-Boeotians (Cratinus.310)
tripeza (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.00
57%3Aentry%3D%23105122) (Attic trapeza,table)(from tetrapeza (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bi
n/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%23103476) four-footed) (tripeza

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three-footed) (in Aeolic it would-be tripesda)

pssmata (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.0
4.0057%3Aentry%3D%23116023) Boeotian word acc. Aristonymus

Thessalian

abrems (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.
0057%3Aentry%3D%23160) (Attic ableps unworthy seeing,
despicable (Cypriotic also) (Hes. text
agora (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.005
7%3Aentry%3D%23762) (Attic limen port, harbour) (Hes. text


alphinia (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0
057%3Aentry%3D%234767) white poplar (PIE *albho- 'white') (Attic leuk, PIE *leuk- 'bright,light')
(Macedonian aliza)
Aploun (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.00
57%3Aentry%3D%2312220) Apollo (Attic Apolln) (Doric, Pamphylian Apelon)
aspaleia safeness (Attic asphaleia) [14]

astralos (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.0
4.0057%3Aentry%3D%2316597) (Attic - psar Starling)
bebukousthai (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A
1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2319747) to be swollen (Homeric buktaon blowing)
bousia (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.005
7%3Aentry%3D%2320678) (Attic gongylidi turnip)
dmossos public (Attic dmsios) opp. iddiostikos privative (Attic
iditiks)[15][16]
daratos (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0
057%3Aentry%3D%2323463) Thessalian bread (Macedonian dramis) (Athamanian dramix) (PIE *der-
cut,split)
despoina (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.0
4.0057%3Aentry%3D%2324194) woman (Attic gun, Doric guna) (fem. of despotes)
enormos (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.
0057%3Aentry%3D%2335974) (agora, assembly, market and chra) (Attic enorme (http://www.pers
eus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2335969) get in a
harbour, hormos (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%
3Aentry%3D%2375183) bay,anchorage
ereas children (Hsch.Attic tekna) (Homeric ernos (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/pte
xt?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2342641) young sprout,scion) (Neo-
Phrygian eiroi children)
theanoustai (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A19
99.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2347964) (Attic xysters)
ithei (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%
3Aentry%3D%2350180) (Attic hamaxitos chariot-road) (Homeric 580) (Attic
ithys,eytheia straight line)
impsas past participle of impto (Attic zeuxas zeugnymi join together)( Impsios
Poseidon Zygius on horses)
kalaphos (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.0

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4.0057%3Aentry%3D%2352563) (Attic , Ascalaphus a bird (Magnesian)

kapan (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.00
57%3Aentry%3D%2353140) chariot (Attic apn) also, a helmet(kapanikos (http://www.perseu
s.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2353142) plenteous
kis (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Ae
ntry%3D%23104052) who, anyone (Attic tis) (Laconian tir) (Arcadocypriot sis)
karpaia (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0
057%3Aentry%3D%2353399) Thessalo-Macedonian mimic military dance (see also Carpaea) Homeric
karpalimos (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aen
try%3D%2353400) swift (for foot) eager,ravenous.
kyrrhos (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0
057%3Aentry%3D%2361057) or kyrros sir,master (Attic kyrios)
Maketoun[17] 'Macedonian man' (Attic Makedn) (Thessalian --oun suffix
for Attic n in both nominative and genitive of participles,pronouns and nouns.
mattu (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.00
57%3Aentry%3D%2365254) a meat-dessert of Macedonian or Thessalian origin (Athenaeus)[18]
(Macedonian mattus a kind of bird)
naeleis new-comers, newly caught ones (Cf.nealeis (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?
doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2369939),neludes (http://www.perseus.tuft
s.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0058%3Aentry%3D%2321962))
[19] nebeu pray (Macedonian neu) (Attic euchomai, neu wink)
onala, onalouma (Attic analma (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=P
erseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%236953) expense cost) ( on- in the place of Attic
prefix ana-, ongrapsantas SEG 27:202
Ptthalos (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.00
57%3Aentry%3D%2348552) and (Boeotian Phttalos) (Attic
Thettals) (Ionic, Koine Thessals) 'Thesalian man' ( Petthalia Thessalia)
(Petthaloi Thessalians) (Koine thessalisti the thessalian way) ( Attic
entethettalizomai (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0
057%3Aentry%3D%2335587) become a Thessalian, i.e. wear the large Thessalian cloak ( Thettalika
ptera feathers' ), Eupolis.201. )
tageu (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.00
57%3Aentry%3D%23102153) to be tagos archon in Thessaly

See also
Aeolus
Sappho
Alcaeus of Mytilene
Ancient Macedonian language
Hesychius of Alexandria

References
1. Roger D. Woodard (2008), "Greek dialects", in: The Ancient Languages of Europe, ed. R. D. Woodard,
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 51.
2. Protagoras (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0178%3Atext%3DPr
ot.%3Asection%3D341c) by Plato - Greek text (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Ate
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xt%3A1999.01.0177%3Atext%3DProt.%3Asection%3D341c)
3. James A. Towle, Commentary on Plato: Protagoras 341c (http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/cgi-bin/ptext?doc=Per
seus%3atext%3a1999.04.0092&query=section%3d%23159)
4. V = vowel, R = sonorant, s is itself. VV = long vowel, RR = doubled or long sonorant.
5. Smyth, Greek Grammar, par. 30 (http://www.ccel.org/s/smyth/grammar/html/smyth_1b_uni.htm#30) and note
(http://www.ccel.org/s/smyth/grammar/html/smyth_1b_notes.htm#30D), 31: Attic long e, long a
6. Smyth, par. 162 note (http://www.ccel.org/s/smyth/grammar/html/smyth_1e_notes.htm#162D): (Lesbian)
Aeolic recessive accent
7. Smyth, Greek Grammar, par. 656: contract verbs in Aeolic
8. Smyth, par. 214 note 9: first declension in dialects
9. Smyth, par. 230 note: second declension in dialects
10. Smyth, par. 305 note
11. Athenaeus Deipnosophists -9.369 (http://www.attalus.org/old/athenaeus9.html)
12. Boiotia Anthedon (http://epigraphy.packhum.org/inscriptions/oi?ikey=147697&bookid=13&region=3&subregi
on=6)
13. Boiotia Orchomenos early 1st century BC (http://epigraphy.packhum.org/inscriptions/oi?ikey=146713&b
ookid=13&region=3&subregion=6)
14. Krannon c. 250 - 215 BC SEG 23:437 (http://epigraphy.packhum.org/inscriptions/oi?ikey=296187&bookid=
172&region=3&subregion=9), 7
15. Selected Papers in Greek and Near Eastern History [1] (https://books.google.com/books?id=V_w5AaqqiGAC&
pg=PA67) by David Malcolm Lewis, Peter John Rhodes
16. Skotoussa 197-185 BC SEG 43:311 (http://epigraphy.packhum.org/inscriptions/oi?ikey=297142&bookid=17
2&region=3&subregion=9)
17. Thessalia Larisa 220-210 BC - SEG 27:202 (http://epigraphy.packhum.org/inscriptions/oi?ikey=296320&
bookid=172&region=3&subregion=9)
18. Deipnosophists 14.663-4(pp.1059-1062) (http://digicoll.library.wisc.edu/cgi-bin/Literature/Literature-idx?type=t
urn&entity=Literature.AthV3.p0247&isize=XL&pview=hide)
19. Magnesia Demetrias late 2nd century BC [2] (http://epigraphy.packhum.org/inscriptions/main?url=oi%3Fi
key%3D297154%26bookid%3D172%26region%3D3%26subregion%3D9)

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Categories: Varieties of Ancient Greek Languages of ancient Thessaly Culture of ancient Thessaly
Languages of ancient Anatolia Languages attested from the 8th century BC
Languages extinct in the 3rd century BC

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