8/1/2016 Dr.

Yehia ElShazly 1
 What is
Gas & Petrochemicals
Industry?
8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 2
What is Gas & Petrochemicals Industry?
Gas industry is the processes performed on the raw NG to
produce the different fractions of gases (Methane, Ethylene,
Propylene,.etc.)
Petrochemicals Industry is the processes performed on gas
and petroleum distillates to produce chemicals and final
products.
Theses products includes Plastics, Paints, Rubber, Fertilizers,
Solvents, Detergents, Textiles,etc.

8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 3

Flow Diagram for the Gas and Oil Industry

8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 4

Ethylene as an example for Petrochemical Industry: From a product of
the Natural Gas to products (Polyethylene, Polyvinyl Chlorides, Engine
coolant, Polyesters, Solvents, etc)
8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 5
Petrochemicals
do not reach the
final consumer
but they find
their way into
hundreds of
applications.

8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 6

Petrochemical Value Chain

The petrochemical value chain shows how natural gas and crude oil, at
market prices, are transformed into a series of products whose values
increase in each succeeding step of the chain.
8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 7
 Hardly a day goes by where we do not use or
encounter products derived from Petrochemicals
Ethanolamine ABS
Acrylic Fibers Construction Chemicals
Benzene
Cosmetics raw materials Ethylene Glycol Dyes Ethanol
Paints
Packaging and bottles Surfactants & Cleaning Agents
Additives Resins
Butadiene
Polystyrene
Ammonia Industrial Gases
Polyol Mineral oil
Ethylene Oxide Linear Alkyl Benzene
Acrylonitrile Methanol
Agrochemicals Vinyl Acetate
Urea Ethylene Phenol

Cyclohexane Polypropylene Polybutadiene Adhesives & Sealants

Inks
Carpets Acetic Acid
Urea/Melamine
Pharmaceutical
8/1/2016
drugs Vinyl Chloride
Dr. Yehia ElShazly Ethoxylate Lubricants
8
 Oil and Gas in Africa
Status Quo

8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 9

 Reserve

Africa holds 8% of the World reserve of Oil and NG.

Large reserves of oil have been discovered lately on the other side of the Atlantic: South
and Central America.
What does the future hold for the African Reserve?
8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 10
 Production

Africa produces 9% of the World Oil and 6% of the World NG.

8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 11

 Reserve/Production ratio

The Reserve to Production ratio for Africa is high compared to other parts of the world.

8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 12

 Consumption

Africa accounts for 4% of the World Consumption of Oil and NG.

Africa Consumes 47% of its produced Oil, and 64% of its produced NG; The rest is exported.
While Asia holds the lowest value for the Reserve to Production ratio, its consumption has
risen hugely in the last three decades.
8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 13
 Refinery

Africa has 4% of the World Refining Capacity, and 3% of the World Refining Throughput.
Asia; with its low reserve and production, owns the largest capacity and throughput in
the world.

8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 14

 Refinery

In the last decade, the Refinery Utilisation in Africa has fallen sharply to be the lowest in
the world.
8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 15
 Prices

The prices of Crude Oil and NG has fallen sharply to about 50% of 2014 prices.

8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 16

 In 2015, Africa represented 15% of Crude Oil Exports, and 0.7% of Crude Oil Imports.
On the other hand, Africa represented 8% of Oil Product Imports and 3% of Oil Product
Exports.
8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 17
 What About the Petrochemicals Industry ?

Lets have a look at the Global Polymers Industry as an

example..

8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 18

Global HDPE Production Capacity 2015
Africa produces 2% of the World High Density PolyEthylene.

8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 19

Global LLDPE Production Capacity 2015
Africa produces 1% of the World Linear Low Density PolyEthylene.

8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 20

Global PP Production Capacity 2015
Africa produces 2% of the World PolyPropylene.

8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 21

Global PET Production Capacity 2015
Africa produces 0.3% of the World PolyEthylene Terephthalate.

8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 22

Global PVC Production Capacity 2015
Africa produces 1% of the World PolyVinyl Chloride.

8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 23

Global PS Production Capacity 2015
Africa produces 1% of the World PolyStyrene.

8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 24

Global Thermoplastic Production Capacity 2015
As a summation, Africa produces 1% of the World Thermoplastic Polymers.

8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 25

 Global Polymers Sales Revenue 2014
Thus, in the global polymers sales revenue that amounted to 891 Billion
US$ in 2014, Africa had a 1% quota.

8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 26

 Conclusions & Remarks
Africa exports most of its Oil and NG as crude.
Africa has the lowest Refinery Capacity and Throughput.
The price of Crude Oil and NG has dropped 50% in the last two years.
Africa has a very low share in the Global Petrochemical Industries.
Africa looses a lot of revenues by selling its reserve as crude.
Africa looses a lot of job opportunities by selling its reserve as crude.
Thus, Africa needs to invest heavily into the Gas &
Petrochemical Industries and Education.

8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 27

 Gas & Petrochemicals Engineering
Faculty of Engineering
Alexandria University

8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 28

 VISION

To supply the natural gas and petrochemicals market with graduate

engineers capable of dealing with both upstream and downstream
aspects of the industry.

The graduates would have comprehensive knowledge of the entire

petroleum industry with special emphasis on sized experience in
natural gas and petrochemicals operations.

8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 29

MISSION
Foundation in mathematics and other requested sciences

Necessary knowledge of utilizing and managing resources creatively

through effective analysis and interpretation.

Knowledge and skills to respond to the recent technological changes.

Planning and executing research work, evaluate outcomes and draw

conclusions.
Impact that petrochemical engineering has on society from an
environmental, economic, social and cultural point of view.
The challenging role and responsibilities of the professional engineer,
while abiding by the ethics of the profession.
8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 30
CREDIT HOUR DISTRIBUTION
Total Credit Hours =178
University
10% 11% Requirements
Faculty
27% 27% Requirements
Principal Core
Courses
25% Applied Core
Courses
(Compulsory)
A balanced program.

8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 31

Oil and Petroleum Testing and Engineering Laboratory
(OPTEL)

Modern equipment.

8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 32

In the last exam for the Egyptian General Petroleum Corporation, 8 of the
first 10 students were graduated from Gas & Petrochemicals Engineering,
Alexandria University.
8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 33
Our graduates holds many positions in the Petroleum, NG and Petrochemical
industries in Egypt and Worldwide.

8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 34

References
BP Statistical Review of World Energy June 2016
GCC Plastics Industry Indicators 2015.
http://www.egpc.com.eg/Result_Announcement/01.pdf

8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 35

 Enkosi
Ngiyabonga
Amesegenallo
Zikomo Kwambiri
Siyabonga kakulul
Thank You
Asante sana
Ndatenda
Murakoze
Nitumezi
Masvita
Kea leboha
Zikomo

8/1/2016 Dr. Yehia ElShazly 36