MANUAL PRACTICAL

BOOK
FORENSIC LABORATORY

Presented by:
Dra.Suhartini Apt, SU
Dr. IdhaArfianti, Msc

Forensic Department
Gadjah Mada University
 2014
TRACE EVIDENCE IDENTIFICATION

A. Basic of The Examination

Trace evidence are commonly found in the crime scenes and in the body of the victims or
assailants. Therefore, we can find some biological material such as; blood, semen, saliva, and
urine. In this examination, we can find the semen using Woods Lamp.

B. Equipment
1. Woods Lamp
2. Fabrics with a biologic material
3. Gloves
4. Scissors
5. Envelope

C. Procedure
1. Observe the fabrics with Woods lamp.
2. Determine the suspected semen.
3. Cut the suspected site.
4. Insert to the envelope to further examination.

D. Result

BLOOD IDENTIFICATION
A. Basic of The Examination

If we find trace evidence in the crime scenes, It will be blood from the assailant or from
the victims. In this examination, we can determine the presence of the blood, with hydrogen
peroxide. Blood contains an enzyme called catalase, which breaks down hydrogen peroxide
into water and oxygen gas:

2H2O2---------- 2H2O + O2
Catalase

When this reaction occurs, the oxygen gas is released as bubbles. These substances that
bubble with the addition of hydrogen peroxide are said to test positive for catalase.

B. Equipment
1. Hydrogen Peroxide Spray
2. Fabrics with suspected blood
3. Gloves

C. Procedure
1. Spray the fabrics with hydrogen peroxide
2. Observe the positive result (Foamy Appearance)

D. Picture

SPERM AND SEMEN IDENTIFICATION

A. Basic of The Examination
If we find trace evidence in sexual assault cases, It will be the semen from the
prepetators. We can find the presence of the sperma and the semen, to help the investigation of
sexual violence.

B. Equipment
1. Fabrics with semen like material
2. Sterile cotton tip
3. Object glass and cover glass
4. Pippete
5. Reaction tube
6. Microscope
7. Spermin Stain
8. Wrigth Stain
9. Phosphate buffer
10. Gloves

C. Procedure

1. Wet slide
a. Smear the sample in to the object glass.
b. Add NaCl.
c. Give the cover glass.
d. Observe the sperm under the microscope.
2. Dry slide
a. Smear the sample in to the object glass.
b. Let it dry in the room temperature.
c. Give the cover glass.
d. Observe the sperm under the microscope.
3.Wright Staining
a. Smear the sample in to the object glass.
b. Add Wright Stain until it is soaked.
c. Add Phosphate Buffer until soaked (for about 25 minutes).
d. Wash the stain with water.
e. Give the cover glass.
f. Observe the sperm under the microscope.

4.Spermin Staining
a. Smear the sample in to the object glass.
b. Add Spermin Stain until it is soaked (for about 15 minutes).
d. Discharge the fluid.
e. Give the cover glass.
f. Observe the spermin crystal under the microscope.

D. Picture
(10x Sperma) (40x Sperma)

(10x Spermin) (40x Spermin)