Purchasing Guide for Wellhead & Christmas Tree Equipment

WORLDWIDE EXPERTISE | GLOBAL STRENGTH

With Reference to API 6A, 20th Edition, Including Changes

in NACE MR0175/ISO 15156, 2009 Edition.
When coupled with Stream-Flo processes, API provisions and customer applications, this booklet
is intended to provide insight into API requirements for equipment and quality management
systems, and to provide a fundamental approach to the purchasing of equipment for the
petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries.

Table of Contents

API Specification 6A . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Abbreviated Terms (Some Examples) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
API 6A Applicable Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Significant Differences Between API 19th and 20th Editions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Hydrostatic Body Test Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

Plan-Do-Check-Act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Continual Improvement of the Quality Management System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Standard Material Applications: Bodies, Bonnets and

End and Outlet Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Standard Material Property Requirements: Bodies, Bonnets and
End and Outlet Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Charpy V Notch Impact Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Temperature Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Pressure Ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Material Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
API 6A Annex O: Material Class ZZ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
More NACE Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Product Specification Levels (PSL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

PSL Decision Tree . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

API Marking Requirements and Locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Quality Control Requirements: Bodies, Bonnets, End and
Outlet Connections, and Hub End Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Thread Markings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Quality Control Requirements for Welding Bodies, Bonnets, and End
and Outlet Connectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Relative Corrosivity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Relative Corrosiveness of Retained Fluids as Indicated
by CO2 Partial Pressure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

Factors Affecting Behavior in H2S Containing Environments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Severity of Sour Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

The API Monogram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Performance Validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

Criteria for Ordering, 20th Edition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

API Order Form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

i
API Specification 6A
API Specification 6A (ISO 10423) is the recognized
industry standard for wellhead and christmas tree
equipment. It was formulated to provide for the
availability of safe, dimensionally and functionally
interchangeable wellhead and christmas tree
equipment. The specification includes detailed
requirements for the manufacture of tubular
suspension equipment, valves, and fittings used
at the location of oil and gas wells to contain and
control pressure and fluid flows.
Specification 6A also serves as the reference
source for the design of flanged end and outlet
connections for use at 2,000 to 20,000 psi
maximum rated working pressures and a family
of gate valves for use over these same pressure
ranges.
This booklet covers the 20th Edition with
references to the 19th Edition.

Abbreviated Terms (Some Examples)

AQL Acceptable Quality Level PR Performance Requirement

CRA Corrosion Resistant Alloy PSL Product Specification Level
DAC Distance Amplitude Curve QTC Qualification Test Coupon
ER Equivalent Round RMS Root Mean Square
FEA Finite Element Analysis RL Repair/Remanufacture Level
HAZ Heat Affected Zone Rp Yield Strength
HBW Brinell Hardness Rm Ultimate Tensile Strength
HIP Hot Isostatic Pressing ROE Radius of Exposure
HRB Rockwell Hardness Scale B SSV Surface Safety Valve
HRC Rockwell Hardness Scale C TC Test Coupon
NDE Nondestructive Examination UNS Unified Numbering System
NPT National Pipe Thread USV Underwater Safety Valve
OEC Other End Connection WPQ Welder Performance Qualification
OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer WPS Welding Procedure Specification
PQR Procedure Qualification Record PPM Parts Per Million

1
API 6A Applicable Equipment
Wellhead Equipment
Casing head housing
Casing head spools
Tubing head spools
Cross-over spools
Multi-stage head housing
and spools
Connectors & Fittings
Cross-over connectors
Tubing head adaptors
Top connectors
Tees and crosses
Fluid sampling devices
Adaptor and spacer spools
Casing & Tubing Hangers
Mandrel hangers
Slip hangers
Other Equipment
Actuators
Clamp hubs
Pressure boundary penetrations
Ring gaskets
Running and testing tools2
Wear bushings2
Valves & Chokes
Single valves
Multiple valves
Actuated valves
Valves prepared for actuators
Check valves
Chokes
Surface and underwater safety
valves and actuators
Back-pressure valves
Loose Connectors1
Weld neck connections
Blind connectors
Threaded connectors
Adaptor and spacer connections
Bullplugs
Valves removal plugs
Flanged, threaded, other end connectors
1
(OEC) and welded.
2
See API 6A 20th Edition, Annex H
Note: API 6A defines service conditions in terms
of pressure, temperature and material
class for the well-bore constituents and
operating conditions.
2
Significant Differences Between API 19th and 20th Editions
Unlike the changes that were made between the 17th and 19th Editions, the changes in the 20th
Edition were relatively minor.

Pressure Recording Devices - A distinction has
been made between pressure measuring and
pressure recording devices. A pressure recording
device is not considered to be a pressure
measuring device unless it is being utilized as
both a measuring and recording device.
Removal of Material Class R - API has removed
the Material Class R temperature rating.
This temperature rating was used for room
temperature applications.
Castings no longer permitted for PSL-4 - Material
for PSL-4 equipment must be manufactured from
wrought products.
Quality Control Requirements for Welding
- This is one of the biggest changes to the API
6A Specification. The table controlling the
quality control requirements for welding was
re-organized and restructured to categorize
welding differently. Welding is now grouped into
Pressure-containing, Non-pressure-containing,
Pressure-containing repairs, Weld metal overlay
- partial, and Weld metal overlay - full overlay.
This, along with the changes to the inspection
requirements, are a fundamental change in how
welding is controlled and monitored.
Design Validation - Terminology changed from
Design Verification to Design Validation.

Visual Examination Personnel - Added
requirements for personnel performing visual
examination for acceptance to pass eye exam.
Hard facing and Overlay of Valve-Bore Sealing
Mechanisms - The property control requirements
for hard facing and the weld overlay of valve-bore
sealing mechanisms, choke trim and valve stems
have been relaxed.

API Table 31

Hydrostatic Body Test Pressure

End and Outlet Connections
Working Nominal Flange Size Line Pipe Casing Threads
Pressure mm (in) and mm (in)
Rating 346 (13 /8)
5
425 (16 /4)
3 Tubing 114.3 - 273.1 298.5 - 339.7 406.5 - 508.0
MPa (psi) and smaller and larger Threads (41/2 - 103/4) (113/4 - 133/8) (16 - 20)
MPa (psi) MPa (psi) MPa (psi) MPa (psi) MPa (psi) MPa (psi)
13.8 27.6 20.7 27.6 27.6 27.6 15.5
(2,000) (4,000) (3,000) (4,000) (4,000) (4,000) (2,250)
20.7 41.5 31.0 41.5 41.5 31.0 -
(3,000) (6,000) (4,500) (6,000) (6,000) (4,500)
34.5 51.7 51.7 51.7 51.7 - -
(5,000) (7,500) (7,500) (7,500) (7,500)
69.0 103.5 103.5 103.5 - - -
(10,000) (15,000) (15,000) (15,000)
103.5 155.0 155.0 - - - -
(15,000) (22,500) (22,500)
138.0 207.0 - - - - -
(20,000) (30,000)

3
Plan-Do-Check-Act
The model of a process-based quality management system illustrates that our customers play a
significant role in defining requirements as inputs. Monitoring of customer satisfaction requires the
evaluation of information relating to customer perception as to whether the organization has met
customer requirements.

The Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) can be applied to all processes:

Plan Establish the objectives and processes necessary to deliver results in accordance with customer
requirements and the organizations policies.
Do Implement the processes.
Check Monitor and measure the processes and product against policies, objectives and requirements
for the product and report the results.
Act Take actions to continually improve process performance.

Continual Improvement of the

Quality Management System

Management
Responsibility

Resource Measurement, Customers

Customers
Management Analysis and Satisfaction
Requirements
Improvement

Product Product
input Realization output

information flow

4
API 6A, Table 5
Standard Material Applications
Bodies, Bonnets, and End and Outlet Connections
Pressure Ratings MPa (psi)
13.8 20.7 34.5 69.0 103.5 138.0
Part (2,000) (3,000) (5,000) (10,000) (15,000) (20,000)
Body a, 36K, 45K, 36K, 45K, 36K, 45K, 36K, 45K, 45K, 60K, 60K,
Bonnet 60K, 75K, NS 60K, 75K, NS 60K, 75K, NS 60K, 75K, NS
b
75K, NS 75K, NS
flange 60K, 75K, NS 60K, 75K, NS 60K, 75K, NS 60K, 75K, NS 75K, NS 75K, NS
Integral End
Connection

threaded 60K, 75K, NS 60K, 75K, NS 60K, 75K, NS NA NA NA

other c c c c c c c
welding
45K 45K 45K 60K, 75K, NS 75K, NS 75K, NS
neck
Connectors
Loose

blind 60K, 75K, NS 60K, 75K, NS 60K, 75K, NS 60K, 75K, NS 75K, NS 75K, NS
threaded 60K, 75K, NS 60K, 75K, NS 60K, 75K, NS NA NA NA
other c c c c c c c
a
If end connections are of the material designation indicated, welding is in accordance with Clause 6
and design is in accordance with Clause 4.
b
NS indicates nonstandard materials.
c
As specified by manufacturer.

5
API 6A, Table 6
Standard Material Property Requirements
Bodies, Bonnets, and End and Outlet Connections
Material 0.2% Yield Strength Tensile Strength Elongation in Reduction in
Designation min MPa (psi) min MPa (psi) 50 mm (2 in) min % Area min %
36K 248 (36,000) 483 (70,000) 21 no requirements
45K 310 (45,000) 483 (70,000) 19 32
60K 414 (60,000) 586 (85,000) 18 35
75K 517 (75,000) 655 (95,000) 17 35

API 6A, Table 7

Charpy V Notch Impact Requirements
(10 mm x 10 mm)
Minimum Average Impact Value
Temperature
Traverse Direction J (ft lb)
Temp Class Test Temp C (F) PSL 1 PSL 2 PSL 3 and PSL 4
K -60 (-75) 20 (15) 20 (15) 20 (15)
L -46 (-50) 20 (15) 20 (15) 20 (15)
N -46 (-50) 20 (15) 20 (15) 20 (15)
P -29 (-20) - 20 (15) 20 (15)
S -18 (0) - - 20 (15)
T -18 (0) - - 20 (15)
U -18 (0) - - 20 (15)
V -18 (0) - - 20 (15)

6
Temperature Ratings

API 6A, Table 2

Temperature Operating Range
Classification (min) C (max) (min) F (max)
K -60 82 -75 180
L -46 82 -50 180
N -46 60 -50 140
P -29 82 -20 180
S -18 60 0 140
T -18 82 0 180
U -18 121 0 250
V 2 121 35 250
X 1
-18 180 0 350
Y 1
-18 345 0 650
1
Reference Annex G for details of design and temperature rating of equipment for use at elevated
temperatures.
Note: Annex G is not intended as a material selection guide for high temperature use. Some alloys are
embrittled after repeated or prolonged exposure to elevated temperatures. Care should be used
in selection of alloys for these ratings. If plated or coated materials are used at temperatures
greater than 180 C (350 F), cracking potential can be increased.

Pressure Ratings

API Pressure Rating in MPa API Pressure Rating in PSI

13.8 2,000
20.7 3,000
34.5 5,000
69.0 10,000
103.5 15,000
138.0 20,000

Pressure Rating for Class K to U De-rated Pressure

MPa (psi) Class X MPa (psi) Class Y MPa (psi)
13.8 (2,000) 13.1 (1,905) 9.9 (1,430)
20.7 (3,000) 19.7 (2,860) 14.8 (2,145)
34.5 (5,000) 32.8 (4,765) 24.7 (3,575)

7
Material Classes
Minimum Material Requirements
Material Class Body, Bonnet, End & Pressure-Controlling Parts,
Outlet Connections Stems & Mandrel Hangers
AA - General Service Carbon or Low-alloy Steel Carbon or Low-alloy Steel
BB - General Service Carbon or Low-alloy Steel Stainless Steel
CC - General Service Stainless Steel Stainless Steel
DD - Sour Service a
Carbon or Low-alloy Steel b
Carbon or Low-alloy Steel b
EE - Sour Service a Carbon or Low alloy Steel b Stainless Steel b
FF - Sour Service a Stainless Steel Stainless Steel b
HH - Sour Service a CRAs bcd CRAs bcd
ZZ - Sour Service User Defined User Defined
a
As defined by NACE MR0175/ISO 15156.
b
In compliance with NACE MR0175/ISO 15156.
c
CRA required on retained fluid wetted surfaces only. CRA cladding of low alloy or stainless steel is
permitted.
d
CRA as defined in Clause 3 of API 6A 20th Edition. NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 definition of CRA does
not apply.

API 6A Annex O: Material Class ZZ

NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 includes provisions for the qualification of materials for a specific sour service
application that is outside the parameters defined in that standard by means of testing or documented
field history. This can include NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 or the use of materials not addressed in NACE
MR0175/ISO 15156. For such sour service applications, equipment may be described and marked as
Material Class ZZ.

It is the responsibility of the purchaser to evaluate and determine the applicability of the documented
data for the intended application. For Material Class ZZ, the manufacturer shall meet material
specifications supplied or approved by the purchaser and shall maintain traceable records to document
the materials of construction, regardless of PSL.

More NACE Information

Material Classes DD, EE, FF and HH require compliance to NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 and responsibility
for the choice rests with the purchaser.

Examples of Designations
Class FF-1.5 means:
a) Material class FF
b) Rated at 1.5 psia H2S maximum allowable partial pressure

Class NL means:
a) Where no H2S limit is defined by NACE, NL shall be used for marking (i.e. DD-NL).

8
Product Specification Levels (PSL)
API Specification 6A (ISO 10423) recommends product
specification levels (PSLs) for equipment with quality
control requirements for various service conditions. PSLs
apply to primary equipment:

Tubing heads
Tubing hangers, hanger couplings
Tubing head adapters
Lower master valves

All other wellhead parts are classified as secondary. The

PSL for secondary equipment may be the same or less

PSL Decision Tree

Recommended minimum PSL for primary parts of wellhead and christmas tree equipment.

Start

PSL
103.5 MPa
Rated working (15,000 psi) High H2S yes
3G
pressure concentration?

<103.5 MPa no
(15,000 psi) yes
Gas well? 3G

no
3
>34.5 MPa
yes High H2S yes Rated working (5,000 psi) yes
NACE MR0175? Gas well? 3G
concentration? pressure

no no 34.5 MPa no
3
(5,000 psi)
2
yes Rated working >34.5 MPa (5,000 psi)
Gas well? pressure 3

no 34.5 MPa (5,000 psi)

2
Rated working >34.5 MPa (5,000 psi) 2
pressure
34.5 MPa (5,000 psi)
>34.5 MPa 1
Rated working (5,000 psi) yes
Gas well? 3
pressure

34.5 MPa no
(5,000 psi) 2
1

9
API 6A, Table 39
API Marking Requirements and Locations
Location
Marking Casting and
Wellhead Connectors Loose Valves and
Tubing Actuators
Equipment and Fittings Connectors Chokes
Hangers
Nameplate Nameplate Nameplate OD of Nameplate Nameplate
API 6A / ISO 10423
and/or body and/or body and/or body connector and/or body and/or body
Nameplate
Temperature and/or body
Nameplate Nameplate Nameplate OD of Nameplate
class or (actuators
and/or body and/or body and/or body connector and/or body
rating (4.2.2) containing
retained fluid)
Nameplate
and/or body
Material class Nameplate Nameplate Nameplate OD of Nameplate
(actuators
(4.2.3) and/or body and/or body and/or body connector and/or body
containing
retained fluid)
Nameplate
Product and/or body
Nameplate Nameplate Nameplate OD of Nameplate
specification (actuators
and/or body and/or body and/or body connector and/or body
level (1.4) containing
retained fluid)
Performance
Nameplate Nameplate Nameplate Nameplate
requirement level - -
and/or body and/or body and/or body and/or body
(4.1)
Nameplate or Nameplate or
Nominal size Nameplate OD of Nameplate Nameplate
body, and body, and
(bore if required) and/or body connector and/or body and/or body
connector OD connector OD
Nameplate or Nameplate or Nameplate Nameplate or
Thread size
body, and/or body, and/or and/or OD of body, and/or
(threaded -
near each near each near each connector near each
products only)
thread thread connector thread
Nameplate or Nameplate or
End and outlet body, and body, and OD of Nameplate
- -
connector size each each connector and/or body
connector OD connector OD
Nameplate or
Nameplate or Nameplate or
body, and
Rated working body, and body, and OD of
- each -
pressure (4.2.1) each each connector
connector
connector OD connector OD
OD
Ring gasket type Near each Near each OD of Near each
- -
and number connector connector connector connector
Date of Nameplate Nameplate Nameplate OD of Nameplate Nameplate
manufacture and/or body and/or body and/or body connector and/or body and/or body
Manufacturers Nameplate Nameplate Nameplate OD of Nameplate Nameplate
name or mark and/or body and/or body and/or body connector and/or body and/or body
Serial number Nameplate Nameplate Nameplate OD of Nameplate Nameplate
(if applicable) and/or body and/or body and/or body connector and/or body and/or body
Hardness test
Adjacent to Adjacent to Adjacent to Adjacent to Adjacent to Adjacent to
values
test location test location test location test location test location test location
(if applicable)

10
API 6A, Table 17
Quality Control Requirements
Bodies, Bonnets, End and Outlet Connections, and Hub End Connectors
Subclause Reference
Parameter
PSL 1 PSL 2 PSL 3/3G PSL 4
Tensile Testing 7.4.2.1.1 7.4.2.2.1 7.4.2.2.1 7.4.2.2.1
Impact Testing 7.4.2.1.2 7.4.2.2.2 7.4.2.3.2 7.4.2.4.2
Hardness Testing 7.4.2.1.3 7.4.2.2.3 7.4.2.3.3 7.4.2.3.3
NACE MR0175 7.4.1.5 7.4.1.5 7.4.1.5 7.4.1.5
Dimensional Verification 7.4.2.1.4 7.4.2.1.4 7.4.2.3.4 7.4.2.3.4
Traceability - 7.4.2.2.5 7.4.2.3.5 7.4.2.3.5
Chemical Analysis - 7.4.2.2.6 7.4.2.2.6 7.4.2.2.6
Visual Examination 7.4.2.1.5 7.4.2.1.5 - -
7.4.2.2.7
Surface NDE - 7.4.2.2.8 7.4.2.3.8 7.4.2.3.8
7.4.2.2.9
Weld NDE No welding
General 7.4.2.1.6 7.4.2.1.6 7.4.2.1.6 permitted
except for
weld overlays
(see 7.4.2.4.9)
Serialization - - 7.4.2.3.14 7.4.2.3.14
Volumetric NDE - - 7.4.2.3.15 7.4.2.4.11
Note: Stems, Hangers and Valve Bore Sealing Mechanisms have their own tables.

Thread Markings
The thread type marking in accordance with
ISO 11960 shall be as follows:

STC Casing: short thread

LC Casing: long thread
BC Casing: buttress
XL Casing: extreme line
LP Line pipe
NU Tubing: non-upset
EU Tubing: external upset

11
API 6A, Table 18
Quality Control Requirements for Welding Bodies,
Bonnets, and End and Outlet Connections
Weld Type Stages PSL 1 PSL 2 PSL 3/3G PSL 4
Pressure-containing Preparation
Visual - - 7.4.2.1.5
Completion
Visual - 7.4.2.2.11 7.4.2.2.11 no welding
Surface NDE - 7.4.2.2.12 7.4.2.3.11 permitted
Volumetric NDE - 7.4.2.2.14 7.4.2.3.12
Hardness test - - 7.4.2.3.13
Non-pressure Preparation
containing Visual - - 7.4.2.1.5
Completion no welding
Visual - 7.4.2.2.11 7.4.2.2.11 permitted
Hardness test - - 7.4.2.3.13
Pressure containing Preparation
repairs Surface NDE - 7.4.2.2.13 7.4.2.2.13
Completion
Visual - 7.4.2.2.11 7.4.2.2.11 no welding
Surface NDE - 7.4.2.2.12 7.4.2.3.11 permitted
Volumetric NDE - 7.4.2.2.14 7.4.2.3.12
Hardness test - - 7.4.2.3.13
Weld metal overlay Preparation
- partial overlay Surface NDE - - 7.4.2.3.8 7.4.2.4.8
Completion
Surface NDE - 7.4.2.2.12 7.4.2.3.11 7.4.2.4.8
Weld metal overlay Preparation
- full overlay Visual 7.4.2.1.5 7.4.2.1.5 7.4.2.1.5 7.4.2.1.5
Completion
Visual 7.4.2.2.11 7.4.2.2.11 7.4.2.2.11 7.4.2.2.11
Surface NDE 7.4.2.2.12 7.4.2.2.12 7.4.2.3.11 7.4.2.4.8
Volumetric NDE - - 7.4.2.1.7 7.4.2.1.7
Note: Preparation refers to surface preparation, joint preparation, fit up and preheat.
Completion refers to all welding, post-weld heat treat and machining, except for volumetric
NDE, which shall done prior to machining that would limit effective interpretation of results.

12
Relative Corrosivity
There are many factors that contribute to the
corrosivity of a system. The most prominent of
these are:

a) Temperature
b) H2S (Partial Pressure)
c) pH
d) Chloride ion concentration
e) Water production and composition
f ) Types and relative amounts of produced
hydrocarbons
g) Oxygen levels
h) CO2 levels (Partial Pressure)

Finally, the purchaser should consider future service of the well when selecting a material class. This
should not be limited to anticipated changes in the produced fluids or increased water production
with or without increased chloride content, but also should include consideration of operations such as
acidification or other well treatments.

Relative Corrosiveness of Retained Fluids

as Indicated by CO2 Partial Pressure
Retained Fluids Retained Fluids Retained Fluids Mpa Retained Fluids (psia)
General service Noncorrosive <0.05 (<7)
General service Slightly corrosive 0.05 to 0.21 (7 to 30)
Moderately to
General service >0.21 (>30)
highly corrosive
Sour service Noncorrosive <0.05 (<7)
Sour service Slightly corrosive 0.05 to 0.21 (7 to 30)
Moderately to
Sour service >0.21 (>30)
highly corrosive

Factors Affecting Behavior in H2S Containing Environments

The behavior of carbon and low alloy steels in H2S containing environments is affected by complex
interactions of parameters, including the following:

a) Chemical composition, method of manufacture, product form, strength, hardness of the material and
its local variations, amount of cold work, heat treatment condition, microstructure, microstructural
uniformity, grain size and cleanliness of the material
b) H2S partial pressure or equivalent concentration in the water phase
c) Chloride ion concentration in the water phase
d) Acidity (pH) of the water phase
e) Presence of sulphur or other oxidants
f ) Exposure to production fluid
13
Severity of Sour Environment
determined in accordance with NACE MR0175/ISO 15156-1 with respect to SSC of a carbon or low
alloy steel
0.3 kPa
(0.05 psi)
6.5
1

5.5
0

in situ pH
Key
4.5 2 0 Region 0
1 SSC Region 1
3 2 SSC Region 2
3 SSC Region 3
3.5

2.5
0.1 1 10 100 1000

H2S partial pressure, kPa

In defining the severity of the H2S containing environment, the possibility of exposure to unbuffered
condensed aqueous phases of low pH during upset operating conditions or downtime, or to acids used
for well stimulation and/or the back flow of stimulation acid after reaction should be considered.

Note 1: The discontinuities in the figure below 0.3 kPa (0.05 psi) and above 1 MPa (150 psi)
partial pressure H2S reflect uncertainty with respect to the measurement of H2 S partial
pressure (low H2S) and steels performance outside these limits (both low and high H2S).
Note 2: Guidance on the calculation of H2S partial pressure is given in Annex C.
Note 3: Guidance on the calculation of pH is given in Annex D.

The cracking behavior of CRAs and other alloys in H2S containing environments can be affected by
complex interactions of parameters, including the following:

a) Chemical composition, strength, heat treatment, microstructure, method of manufacture and

finished condition of the materials
b) H2S partial pressure or equivalent dissolved concentration in the water phase
c) Acidity (in situ pH) of the water phase
d) Chloride or other halide ion concentration
e) Presence of oxygen, sulphur or other oxidants
f ) Exposure temperature
g) Pitting resistance of the material in the service environment
h) Galvanic effects
i) Total tensile stress (applied plus residual)
j) Exposure time

These factors shall be considered when using this part of NACE MR0175/ISO 15156 for the selection of
materials suitable for environments containing H2S in oil and gas production systems.

14
The API Monogram
In order to receive the authorization for applying the API monogram, Stream-Flos
facilities and our quality management system are audited, approved and licensed by
the American Petroleum Institute. The API monogram and license number are our
customers assurance that Stream-Flo is in compliance with all the applicable API
requirements, and it signifies to our customers that they are receiving good quality
products and services.

Certificate 6A-0053
Certificate 6D-0008
Performance Validation
The performance requirements apply to all
products being manufactured and delivered for
service. The performance verification procedures
are to be applied to designs of products, including
design changes. Verification testing specified
is intended to be performed on prototypes or
production models.

A design that undergoes a substantive change

becomes a new design requiring performance
verification. A substantive change is a change
identified by the manufacturer which affects
the performance of the product in the intended
service condition. This may include changes in fit,
form, function or material.

15
 Criteria for Ordering, 20th Edition
Pressure Class API holds user responsible for choosing class
Temperature Class API holds user responsible for choosing class
Material Class API holds user responsible for choosing class
PSL (Product Specification Level) API recommends PSLs to the user
PR (Performance Requirement) API requires cycle testing of designs
When ordering, please use this wellhead equipment data sheet.

Well names and location(s):

PSL: PR Level: Material Class:
Rated
Wellworking
names andpressure:
location(s): Maximum operating pressure:
Temperature ranges anticipated:
Maximum operating pressure:
Minimum flowing
Anticipated fluid temperature
wellhead at wellhead:
shut-in pressure:
Anticipated
Temperature completion or future work over or recovery operations which would affect pressure, temperature
ranges anticipated:
or fluid content:
Maximum flowing fluid temperature at wellhead
New values:
Anticipated composition of produced fluids: CO (mg) Chlorides
Are there any government regulations that apply or2 must be met by this equipment? Yes No
(mg) H2S (mg) other
If so, which one(s)?
Anticipated
Water or brine completion
pH: or future workover or recovery operations which would affect pressure,
temperature
Will scale, paraffin,or fluid content:
corrosion or other types of inhibitors be used? Yes No
New values:
Inhibitor type: Inhibitor carrier:
Are or
Batch there any government
continuous regulations
inhibition? that apply or must be met by this equipment?
WillIf acidification
so, which one(s):
be performed? Yes No Type of Acid:
Water or brine pH:
Anticipated rates: m3/d Oil/Condensate
Does NACE MR0175 apply?
m3/d Gas

Will scale, paraffin, corrosion or other types of inhibitors be used? m3/d Sand and Water (S&W)

Inhibitor type: Inhibitor carrier: Steaminhibition?
Batch or continuous Volume
WillWill acidification
erosion be performed?
be a concern? Yes Type of acid: Anticipated cause:
No
Anticipated
External coating?production rates:
Yes No Type: m3/d oil/condensate


Internal coating? Yes No Type: m3/d gas

Delivery
requirements: m3/d sand and water (S&W)
Special shipping,
Will erosion bepacking and storageCause:
a concern? instructions:
Anticipated wellhead shut-in
External coating? Yes pressure:
type No
Does NACEcoating?
Internal MR 0175 apply?
Yes type
Yes No No
Anticipated composition of produced fluids: CO2:
Delivery requirements: H2S:
Chlorides:
Special shipping, packing and storage instructions: Other:
Other Comments / Information:

Casing Program
Casing Program Top
TopJoint
JointininString
String
Size(OD)
Size (OD) kg/m
kg/m (lb/ft) Grade
(lb/ft) Grade Connection
Connection Total String
Total String Hanging WTBit Size
Bit Size
Hanging WT
daN (lbs) mm (in)
mm (in)

Conductor daN (lbs)
Conductor
Surface Casing
Surface Casing
Protective
ProtectiveCasing
Casing
Production Casing
Production Casing
Tubing
Tubing
Completion
Type Type: single
of Completion: or multiple Multiple
Single
ForFor
more information,
more please
information, contact
please Stream-Flo
contact at (403)
Stream-Flo 269-5531
at (403) or www.streamflo.com
269-5531 or info@streamflo.com.
16
 Head Office and Manufacturing Facility
4505-74 Avenue
Edmonton, Alberta, T6B 2H5
t 780.468.6789
f 780.469.7724

Sales and Marketing Office

400 Bow Valley Square One
202 - 6 Avenue SW
Calgary, Alberta, T2P 2R9
t 403.269.5531
f 403.266.3307

United States Wellhead & Valve Business Units

8726 Fallbrook Drive
Houston, Texas USA 77064
t 713.690.2789
f 281.517.0007

Stream-Flo Middle East DMCC

Unit 1008, Platinum Tower, Jumeirah Lakes Towers
Sheikh Zayed Road
Dubai, United Arab Emirates
PO Box: 2562
t +971.4.5520907
f +971.4.5520920

www.streamflo.com

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Stream-Flo Group of Companies