I.

INTERNATIONAL THESSALONIKI ART & DESIGN SYMPOSIUM, THESSALONIKI /GREECE

I. INTERNATIONAL THESSALONIKI ART & DESIGN SYMPOSIUM, THESSALONIKI /GREECE

PROCEEDINGS BOOK

Made By Artist 2016

I. International Thessaloniki
Contemporary Art Symposium

03-06 March 2016

Thessaloniki / Greece

ISBN
978-605-306-132-8

stanbul 2016
I. INTERNATIONAL THESSALONIKI ART & DESIGN SYMPOSIUM, THESSALONIKI /GREECE

I. International Thessaloniki Contemporary Art Symposium

PROCEEDINGS BOOK

Editor in Chief / Ba Editr

Do. Dr. Mustafa Cevat ATALAY

Symposium Editorial Board / Sempozyum Yayn Kurulu

Prof. Melihat TZN

Do. Dr. Mustafa Cevat ATALAY

Ara. Gr. Bige GRSES

Cem Aggelos STNER

Kapak

Do.Dr. Mustafa Cevat Atalay

ISBN

978-605-306-132-8

ARALIK 2016

KNC ADAM YAYINLARI

www.ikinciadamyayinlari.com.tr

ikinciadamyayinlari@hotmail.com

Tel: 0216 345 95 66

Fax: 0216 345 95 74

Moda Cad. zgr Han, Kat: 4 No:28 D: 404 Kadky/ stanbul

 I. INTERNATIONAL THESSALONIKI ART & DESIGN SYMPOSIUM, THESSALONIKI /GREECE

Symposium Honorary President / Sempozyum Onursal Bakan

Prof. Kemal SKENDER (Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University)

Symposium President / Sempozyum Bakan

Prof. Melihat TZN (Namk Kemal University)

Symposium Science - Arbitral Committee / Sempozyum Bilim Kurulu

Prof.Alaybey KARAOLU, Ph.D. (ankr University)
Prof.Alev KURU, Ph.D. (Gazi University)
Prof.Ali Muhammet BAYRAKTAROLU, Ph.D. (Trakya University)
Prof. Ahmet inasi LER (Uluda University)
Prof. Atilla KYAZ (Gazi University)
Prof.Aye ALIK ROSS, Ph.D. (Boazii University)
Prof. Basri ERDEM (Ik University)
Prof. Caner KARAVT (Mimar Sinan Gzel Sanatlar University)
Prof. Dimitris FRANGOS (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki)
Prof. Hakan PEHLVAN (Erciyes University)
Prof. Hasip PEKTA (Ik University)
Prof. Hatice BENGSU (Balkesir University)
Prof. Hayri ESMER (Anadolu University)
Prof. Hlya ZBLKOLU (TOBB ETU)
Prof. Hsn DOKAK (Hacettepe University)
Prof. nsel NAL (Kocaeli University)
Prof. smet AVUOLU (Yalova University)
Prof. Melihat TZN (Namk Kemal University)
Prof. Melek GKAY, Ph.D. (Necmettin Erbakan University)
Prof. Merih TEKN BENDER, Ph.D. (Ege University)
Prof. Mustafa KKNER (Atatrk University)
 I. INTERNATIONAL THESSALONIKI ART & DESIGN SYMPOSIUM, THESSALONIKI /GREECE

Prof. mran BULUT (Marmara University)

Assoc. Prof. Ali Asker BAL (Mardin Artuklu University)
Assoc. Prof. Fatih BABU, Ph.D. (Akdeniz University)
Assoc. Prof. M. Cevat ATALAY, Ph.D. (Namk Kemal University)
Assoc. Prof. Tolga AKALIN, Ph.D. (Giresun University)
Assoc. Prof. Yksel GEBAKAN, Ph.D. (nn niversitesi)
Assoc. Prof. Ercan YILMAZ (Trakya University)
Assoc. Prof. Evren KARAYEL (anakkale University)
Assoc. Prof. Nee BAYDAR (Sakarya University)
Assoc. Prof. Meliha Ylmaz, Ph.D. (Gazi University)
Asst. Prof. Can AYTEKN (Mimar Sinan Fine Arts University)
Asst. Prof. Gzde SAZAK, Ph.D. (stanbul University)
Asst. Prof. Mehmet E. KAHRAMAN, Ph.D. (Yldz Teknik University)
Asst. Prof. Mine ARTU MUTLUGN, Ph.D. (Yalova University)
Asst. Prof. Mustafa DLER, Ph.D. (Aksaray University)
Asst. Prof. Sibel ADAR, Ph.D. (Nide University)

Symposium Executive and Regulatory Committee / Sempozyum

Dzenleme Kurulu
Assoc. Prof. M. Cevat ATALAY, Ph.D (Namk Kemal University)
Asst. Prof. Mehmet E. KAHRAMAN, Ph.D (Yldz Teknik University)
Res. Asst. Bige GRSES (Namk Kemal University)
Res. Asst. Burak BOYRAZ (Yldz Teknik University)
 I. INTERNATIONAL THESSALONIKI ART & DESIGN SYMPOSIUM, THESSALONIKI /GREECE

04.03.2016
FESTVAL VE SEMPOZYUM AILII /
OPENING OF THE FESTIVAL AND THE SYMPOSIUM

KONUMACILAR / 10.00 / 11.00

SPEAKERS
Cem STNER (Festival Festival Al Konumalar,
Yrtcs / Moderatr) Festival Onur Sanats, Sempozyum Onur Bakan
Festival Coordinator / ve Yln Gen Sanats dllerinin Takdimi.
Moderator
Festival Opening Speeches.
Bedri BAYKAM(Festival
Onur Sanats) Festival Reward Presentations For The Festival Honorary
Honorary Artist Artist, Symposium Honorary President And Young
Prof. Melihat TZN Artist Of The Year.
(Sempozyum Bakan)
Symposium President
Prof. Kemal SKENDER
(Sempozyum Onur
Bakan) Symposium
Honorary President
Yln Gen
Sanats(Festival
Alnda Aklanacaktr)
Young Artist Of The Year
(Will be announced at the
opening of the festival)

1. OTURUM / OTURUM BAKANI - MODERATOR: Prof. Dr. smet

1stSESSION avuolu
nder Yamur HEYKEL SANATINDA BLMSEL GELMELERN 11.1
ETKLER / SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENTS EFFECT 5
ON SCULPTURE ART
Mustafa Bulat BUZ HEYKEL SANATI / ICE SCULPTURE ART 11.3
0
Ercan Ylmaz TRKYEDE HEYKEL ETMNN TARHSEL 11.4
SREC / THE HISTORICAL PROCESS OF 5
SCULPTURE EDUCATION IN TURKEY
Mehmet Hakan HEYKELN DNMSEL YOLCULUU: 12.0
Bitmez KONSTRKTVZM VE MOBL HEYKELLER / 0
SCULPTURES TRANSFORMATIONAL JOURNEY:
CONSTRUCTIVISM AND MOBILE SCULPTURES
ay/Kahve Molas - Tea / Coffee Break 15
 I. INTERNATIONAL THESSALONIKI ART & DESIGN SYMPOSIUM, THESSALONIKI /GREECE

dk/
min.

2. OTURUM / OTURUM BAKANI - MODERATOR: Prof. Dr. Aye alk

2nd SESSION ROSS
Bra ncirku RESMETME ANLAYII OLARAK YZEY ZERNE 12.30
YAPILAN ETL UYGULAMALAR / VARIOUS
PRACTICES ON SURFACE AS PAINTING
ATTITUDE
Tuba Karaka KUZEY AVRUPA MTOLOJSNN POPLER 12.45
KLTRDE K ZLER/ TRACES OF NORTHERN
EUROPE MYTHOLOGYS ON POPULAR CULTURE
zlem Vargun SANAT VE TASARIMDA MALZEMENN DL/ 13.00
THE LANGUAGE OF MATERIAL ON ART AND
DESIGN
smet avuolu AGDA SANATTA MALZEME KULLANIMI/ 13. 15
MATERIAL USAGE ON MODERN ART
Yksel ANADOLUDAK ORTAK MTOLOJK 13.30
Gebakan UNSURLARIN ZLER VE BUNLARIN SANATSAL
ZDMLER/ THE TRACE OF COMMON
MYTHOLOGICAL FACTORS IN ANATHOLIA
AND THEIR PROJECTIONS ON ART
le Yemei - Tea / Coffee Break 30
dk/
min

3. OTURUM / OTURUM BAKANI - MODERATOR: Prof. Dr. Mustafa Bulat

3rd SESSION
Meral Per CARL BEAM'N SANATINDA POLTK 14.15
Dabancal PARADOKSLAR/ POLITICAL PARADOXES ON
CARL BEAMS ART
Melihat Tzn EGON SCHIELENN MANZARA RESMLER/ 14.30
/Bige Grses EGON SCHIELES LANDSCAPE PAINTINGS
Baybars Salam SANATIN GNCEL SAHNES INSTAGRAM/ THE 14.45
Timur CONTEMPORARY SCENE OF ART AS
INSTAGRAM
Mustafa Akkaya DJTAL YENDEN RETM AINDA SANAT VE 15.00
GNDELK HAYAT/ ART AND DAILY LIFE ON
THE ERA OF DIGITAL REPRODUCTION
ay/Kahve Molas - Tea / Coffee Break 15 dk
/min.

4. OTURUM OTURUM BAKANI - MODERATOR: Prof. Melihat Tzn

 I. INTERNATIONAL THESSALONIKI ART & DESIGN SYMPOSIUM, THESSALONIKI /GREECE

/4thSESSION
Ali Asker Bal GNCEL MTOLOJ; BABL KULES/ 15.30
CONTEMPORARY MYTHOLOGY; TOWER OF
BABEL
Gknur HELVETCANIN SERVEN/ JOURNEY OF 15.45
Szneri/ Gkin HELVETCA
ubuku
Meral Batur GZDE BAYKARANIN MODERN HAVVALARI/ 16.00
MODERN ANIMALS OF GOZDE BAYKARA
Necla Tosmur MHR MFK YAAM YKS VE TRK 16.15
SANATINA KATKISI/ LIFE STORY OF MIHRI
MUSFIK AND THE CONTRIBUTIONS TO
TURKISH ART
ay/Kahve Molas - Tea / Coffee Break 15 dk /
min.

5. OTURUM / OTURUM BAKANI - MODERATOR: Prof. Dr. Serap

5th SESSION Buyurgan
Cihan ule GEZC MZE UGULAMALARININ TARSEL 16.45
GELM SRECNE AMERKA DOA TARH
MZESNN YER/ THE PLACE OF AMERICAN
NATURE HISTORY MUSEM ON THE PROCESS
OF MOBILE MUSEUM APPLICATIONS DURING
THE HISTORICAL DEVELEOPEMENTS
zge Gkbulut ART AS A SOCIAL BUSINESS: Multi Level 17.00
Approach to Social Value Creation Through Art
Mine Artu SENARYO SAHNE YAZIMINDA SAHNE 17.15
BEZEME KAVRAMI VE MOTF KULLANIMI/
SCENE DESIGN AND USING MOTIVES IN
SCENARIO WRITING
Gkin ubuku FOTORAFIN KANIT VE TANIK OLARAK 17.30
/ Gknur KULLANILMASI/ USED EVIDENCE AND
Szneri WITNESS OF THE PHOTOGRAPH
ay/Kahve Molas - Tea / Coffee Break 15 dk /
min.

6. OTURUM / OTURUM BAKANI- MODERATOR: Do. Dr. Meliha YImaz

6th SESSION
Emel Bozkurt ALTERNATF PRM TEKNKLERNDEN SAGARIN 18.00
ARATIRILMASI VE UYGULANMASI /
INVESTIGATIONS AND IMPLEMENTATIONS OF
SAGAR WHICH IS AN ALTERNATIVE
FIRINGTHECNIQUE
 I. INTERNATIONAL THESSALONIKI ART & DESIGN SYMPOSIUM, THESSALONIKI /GREECE

Sakine Dzce GECMTEN GNMZE EBRU SANATI / 18.15

MARBLING ART FROM PAST TO PRESENT
Serap BULAT TEKNOLOJ VE HEYKEL / TECHNOLOGY AND 18.30
(Mustafa Bulat SCULPTURE
Sunacaktr)
Hatice SANAT VE TASARIM / ART AND DESIGN 18.45
Karadoan

05.03.2016
SEMPOZYUM PROGRAMI II. Gn / Day II

II. Gn Al Konumaclar / Second Day Opening Speakers

Cem STNER (Festival Yrtcs / Moderatr) Festival Coordinator / 9.45

Moderator
Prof. Aye alk ROSS Misafir Konumac / Guest Speaker
David Rivka JACOBSON Misafir Konumaclar / Guest Speakers

7. OTURUM OTURUM BAKANI- MODERATOR: Prof. Dr. Nurseren Tor

/7th SESSION
Meltem zak TEKNOLOJK GELMELER VE MMARLIIN 10.30
SINIRLARINI ZORLAMAK / TECHNOLOGICAL
DEVELOPMENTS AND FORCING THE LIMITS OF
ARCHITECTURE
Elif Eda Balka SANATTA KADIN MGES VE REKLAMLARDAK 10.45
Erdoan YANSIMALARI / WOMEN IMAGE IN ART AND ITS
REFLECTIONS IN THE ADS
Meltem zak KENTSEL DNM OLGUSU BALAMINDA 11.00
TEKRDA PAZAR SOKAI / TEKIRDAG BAZAAR
STREET IN THE CONTEXT OF URBAN
TRANSFORMATION PHENOMENON
Sibel Alemdar BYOSENSRLERN DJTAL SANATTA 11.15
MelihatTzn KULLANIMI / USING BIOSENSORS IN DIJITAL
ART

Aye alk Ross A TALE OF TWO ROMAN CITIES: NICOMEDIA

AND THESSALONIKI IN THE TIME OF GALERIUS
ay/Kahve Molas Tea/Coffee Break 15 dk
min.

8. OTURUM / OTURUM BAKANI- MODERATOR: Prof. Dr. Elif Eda Balka

8th SESSION Erdoan
 I. INTERNATIONAL THESSALONIKI ART & DESIGN SYMPOSIUM, THESSALONIKI /GREECE

zlem Gk TRCLK KARITI YAKLAIMLAR 11.45

BALAMINDA SANAT RETMLER/ ART
GENERATIONS AS PART OF ANTI-SPECIESISM
ATTITUDES
Nurseren Tor/ MERSNDE BR DUVAR RESM PROJESNN 12.00
Nafize Bilgin RETM/ THE PRODUCTON OF A MURAL
Nazar PROJECT IN MERSN
Mge Akakoca ANARZM VE ADA SANAT/ MODERN ART 12.15
AND ANARCHY
Aylin SOYUT DIAVURUMCU SANATTA BR NC: 12.30
Beyolu/Melek JACKSON POLLOCK/ A PIONEER IN ABSTRACT
Akyrek EXPRESSIONISM: JACKSON POLLOCK
le Yemei / LUNCH 1 saat
- hour

9. OTURUM / OTURUM BAKANI- MODERATOR: Do. Dr. Mustafa Cevat

9th SESSION Atalay
Nurseren Tor MERSNDE SANAT KENT LKS / 13.30
INTRACTIONS BETWEEN ART AND THE URBAN
IN MERSIN
A. Tuba kse ESK ANADOLU BEZEMEL KAPLARININ 13.45
GELM / EVOLUTION OF DECORATED
POTTERY IN THE EARLY TIMES OF ANATOLIA
Tuncay Murat GNMZ EVLERN BU DENL AYNI VE TC 14.00
Atal (zlem Gk KILAN TAM OLARAK NEDR? / WHAT IS
Sunacaktr) EXACTLY THE THING RENDERING TODAYS
HOUSES SO SIMILAR AND REPELLANT?
Smeyra MEZAR TAININ SANATSAL DEM SREC / 14.15
avuolu GRAVESTONE: ARTISTIC PROCESS OF CHANGE
ay/Kahve Molas Tea/Coffee Break 15 dk
min.

10.OTURUM/ 10 OTURUM BAKANI- MODERATOR: Do. Dr. Ali Asker Bal

th SESSION
Ali Ayta omak MMARDE OCAIN ESTETK VE LEVSEL 14.45
GELM / AESTHETIC AND FUNCTIONAL
PROGRESS OF HEARTH IN ARCHITECTURE
Aysun Turhan SURYEL MLTEC OCUKLARIN YAPTIKLARI 15.00
RESMLER / THE PAINTINGS DRAWN BY SYRIAN
REFUGEE CHILDREN
Bayram Kale DOADAN TAA, TATAN SANATA: 15.15
KOCAELNDE TAIN YKS / FROM NATURE
TO STONE, FROM STONE TO ART: A STORY OF
STONE IN KOCAELI
 I. INTERNATIONAL THESSALONIKI ART & DESIGN SYMPOSIUM, THESSALONIKI /GREECE

Onur Girgin SPOLA: ARKEOLOJK TA ESERLERN YENDEN 15.30

KULLANIMINA KOCAEL'DEN K RNEK /
SPOLIA: REUSE OF ANCIENT STONE MATERIAL -
TWO SAMPLES FROM KOCAELI

ay/Kahve Molas Tea/Coffee Break 15 dk

min.

11.OTURUM/ OTURUM BAKANI- MODERATOR: Prof. Aye Tuba kse

11th SESSION
Sinan Vardar DNLERN GELMNDE SANAT VE SANATSAL 16.00
YARATIM FAKTR/ ART AND ARTISTIC
CREATIVITY IN THE PROCESS OF RELIGIONS
Emre Ekin NKOMEDADAN SGRAFTTO DEKORLU BZANS 16.15
SERAMKLER/ SGRAFITTO DECORATED
BYZANTINE POTTERY FROM NICOMEDIA
Gl Baykara NKOMEDA MEZAR STELLERNDE LENEN 16.30
KONULAR/ THE THEMES OF FUNERARY STELES
FROM NICOMEDIA
Gnay Karahan HEYKELE GDEN YOLDA SEL VE TOPLUMSAL 16.45
SEBEPLER/ IN THE PATH OF SCULPTING:
INTRINSIC MOTIVATION AND SOCIETAL
REASONS
Sedat Cereci THE CONTEMPORARY ROLE OF ART AS AN 17.00
INSTRUMENT OF COMMUNICATION: PEACE
WORKS

Kark Teknik Malzeme altay - Mixed Media Workshops

Bige Grses & MONOTYPE PRNT WORKSHOP / MONO BASKI 17.15

Melihat Tzn ATLYES

POSTER BLDRLER
Osman Odaba YEN BR KARIIK TEKNK: DJTAL TASARIM VE
GELENEKSEL YZEY.
A NEW MXED MEDA: DGTAL DESGN AND
TRADTONAL SURFACE.
Rya Ylmaz - PLASTK SANATLARIN PEYZAJ TASARIMA ETKLERNN
Okan Ylmaz DEERLENDRLMES ABD CHCAGO MLENYUM PARK
RNENDE / EVALUATION OF PLASTIC ARTS EFFECT
 I. INTERNATIONAL THESSALONIKI ART & DESIGN SYMPOSIUM, THESSALONIKI /GREECE

ON LANDSCAPE DESIGN AS THE EXAMPLE OF USA

CHICAGO MILLENIUM PARK
Mustafa Cevat RESMDE ESPAS / SPACE ON PAINTING
Atalay
Mustafa Cevat YARATICI BR TEKNK OLARAK POSTA SANATININ
Atalay (MAL ART) ZAYIF VE GL YANLARI / WEAK AND
STRONG SIDES OF MAIL ART AS A CREATIVE TECHNIC
Gonca Arslan EXLBRS TASARIMINDA FOTOGRAM KULLANIMI /
PHOTOGRAM USE IN EXLIBRIS DESIGN
Aya Alper ADA SANAT VE MODERN SANATIN NDE
Akay NTERAKTF MEDYA SANATININ YER / PLACE OF
INTERACTIVE MEDIA ART IN CONTEMPORARY AND
MODERN ART
Kbranur GNMZE YANSIYAN AMAZONLAR / THE
Kalayc REFLECTIONS OF AMAZONS ON MODERN TIMES
ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDS FROM BATHONEA
engl Aydngn EXCAVATIONS IN STANBUL / ARCHAEOLOGICAL FINDS
FROM BATHONEA EXCAVATIONS IN ISTANBUL
RESM SANATINDAK FZK ANLAYII VE SEMANTK /
M. Musa Alpar SEMANTICS AND THE SCIENCE OF PHYSICS N THE ART
OF DRAWING
Rdvan Glck - KOCAEL MZECLNN KISA YKS / THE SHORT
Kemal ibuk STORY OF MUSEOLOGY IN KOCAELI
NKOMEDA LAHTLER / THE SARCOPHAGI OF
Esra Kahraman
NICOMEDIA
Ramazan Sayim-
ZMT SAAT KULES / IZMIT CLOCK TOWER
zay Titiz
THE REFLECTIONS OF THE ANCIENT DEMOCRACY UPON
Efdal Hardal
ART
Asl Kl-Atanur ANADOLUDAK LK DUVAR RESMLER / FIRST MURAL
Bykopur PAINTINGS IN ANATOLIA
MUSALAR (M): GEMN LHAM PERLER
GNMZN ESN KAYNAI / MOUSAI (THE
M. Ethem Edin
GODDESSES OF INSPIRATION): ENDLESS SOURCE OF
INSPIRATION OF THE PAST AND PRESENT
KIRMIZI RENGN TNSEL ANLAMININ SANATA
YANSIMASI: BOYA-NAZARLIK-TAKI/ REFLECTION OF
lyas etinkaya
THE SPIRITUAL MEANING OF RED COLOUR TO ART:
PAINT-AMULET-JEWELERY
GRAVR SANATINDA MEZOTNTA TEKN VE RNEK
Mberra Blbl ESERLER/ MEZOTNT TECHNIQUE AND EXAMPLE IN
ENGRAVING
 I. INTERNATIONAL THESSALONIKI ART & DESIGN SYMPOSIUM, THESSALONIKI /GREECE

Kbra Ergin YZN HALLER VE GZ MGES ZERNE/ UPON THE

STATES OF FACE AND EYE IMAGE
Serkan GEDK- KASR-I HMAYUN SARAYINDA SERGLENEN
Tuba PORSELENLERN SANAT TARH AISINDAN
AVUOLU DEERLENDRLMES / AN EVOLUATION OF THE
PORCELAINS EXHIBITED IN KASR-I HUMAYUN PALACE
FROM THE VIEW OF ART HISTORY
Zuhal Uykal KOCAEL MZES KOLEKSYONUNDA YER ALAN BR
GRUP BZANS SKKES / A GROUP OF BYZANTINE COINS
IN THE COLLECTIONS OF KOCAELI MUSEUM
Nur Simge TRK N SANATI VE MODERN SANATA YANSIYAN
Albayrak ETKS / THE ART OF TURKISH TILES AND ITS
REFLECTION ON MODERN ART
ADA I.SANAT VE THESSALONIKI
INTERNATIONAL MODERNART SANATIN NDE
& DESIGN SYMPOSIUM, NTERAKTF
THESSALONIKI /GREECE

MEDYA SANATININ YER- THE POSITION OF INTERACTIVE MEDIA

ART IN THE MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY ART

Yrd. Do. Aya ALPER AKAY

Atatrk niversitesi
Gzel Sanatlar Fakltesi
Resim Blm

ZET

Gnmz sanatnda, modern sanat, ada sanat gibi kavramlarn arkasnda skm olan, yeni
bir sanat tavr olarak var olmaya alan interaktif medya sanatn tanmlayabilmek iin ncelikle
modern ve ada sanatn dnemsel zelliklerinin ve konularnn incelenmesi gerekmektedir.

Modern, genellikle bir eyin yeni ve gncel olduunu ifade etmek iin kullanlan; Trkede ada
olarak bilinen; Franszca kkene sahip bir szcktr. Modern sanat akmlar 1880-1970 yllar
arasndaki dnemi ifade etmektedir. Bu dnem Empresyonizmle balayp post-minimalizmle
bitmektedir. ada kelimesi ise modern kelimesiyle hem kken hem de anlam bakmndan ayn eyi
ifade etmek iin kullanlmaktadr. ou zaman, sanatsal anlamda Modern ve Modernizm gibi
terimlerle kartrlmaktadr. Oysa modern sanatn aksine ada sanat evre ve toplum bilincinin
arlkl olarak ele alnd 1960 ve 1970li yllardan sonra gnmze kadar sregelen dnemde
sanatsal olarak genel bir deyi balamnda kullanlmtr. ngilizcede sklkla kullanlan
Contemporary Art Trkeye ada Sanat olarak evrilmitir. Baz kaynaklarda ise gncel sanat
olarak ele alnmaktadr. nteraktif yani yeni medya sanat ise sanat-izleyici ya da izleyicisanat eseri
arasnda bir etkileim ierir. Bu etkileim oluturulurken, kitlesel medya ve dijital elektronik
yntemlerden yola kar ve uygulamalar kavramsal sanattan sanal performans ve enstalasyon
sanatna kadar eitlilik gsterir. II. Dnya Savandan sonra bilimsel aratrmalar ve kltrel
deiiklikler, sanatn ynn deitirmi ve bu deiim gnmz sanatna kadar etkisini
hissettirmeye devam etmitir. 1884 ylnda Eadweard Muybridgenin hareketli fotoraf yeni medya
sanatnn ilk k noktas olarak grlmektedir. Gnmzde zellikle Contemporary Art sergilerinde
interaktif sanat almalarna yer verilerek, sanatnn teknolojiyi kullanarak yaratm olduu eserler
sergilenmektedir.

Bu almada, Modern Sanat ve ada Sanat balamnda yeni medya sanatnn gemiten gnmze
geliimi ele alnmtr. Ek olarak, 19. yzyl sonunda hareketli fotoraf ile balayan, 1920-1950
yllarnda kinetik k sanatnn sanatta yer bulmas ve Jean Tinquelyin kendi kendini yok eden yapt
incelenmitir.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Modern Sanat, ada Sanat, nteraktif Sanat, Yeni Medya Sanat,
Contemporaray Art.

493
 I. INTERNATIONAL THESSALONIKI ART & DESIGN SYMPOSIUM, THESSALONIKI /GREECE

ABSTRACT

In order to define interactive media art, which is stuck behind the concepts like modern art and
contemporary art in our modern art and is trying survive as a new art trend, it has firstly be studied
periodic characteristics and subjects of modern and contemporary art.

As a term modern has French origin and is known as contemporary in Turkish and can be used
to express something is new and current. Modern art trends express the years between 1880 and 1970.
This period begins with impressionism and finishes with post-minimalism. Contemporary term is
used to express the same thing with modern term in terms of origin and meaning. It is mostly
confused with terms like modern and modernism in terms of artistic meaning. Whereas, it has
been used as a general artistic phrase after 1960s and 1970s, in which contemporary art was
considered mainly with environment and society consciousness by contrast with modern art, until
now. Contemporary art, which is often used in English, is translated as ada Sanat in Turkish.
In some resources it is considered as current art. Interactive media in other words new media involves
an interaction between artist and audience or audience and art. While this interaction is being created,
it evolves out of mass media and digital electronic methods and applications range from conceptual
art to virtual performance and installation art. Scientific and cultural studies after Second World War
changed the direction of art and this change has made itself evident till our modern art. Eadweard
Muybridges moving photo in 1884 is considered the first starting point of new media art. Nowadays,
interactive art works are included especially in Contemporary Art exhibitions and artists works
created by using technology are exhibited.

In this study, the progress of new media art from past to nowadays in terms of Modern and
Contemporary Art is discussed. Additively, process starting with moving photo in nineteenth century,
position of kinetic light art in art in between 1920 and 1950 years and Jean Tinquelys self-destructive
work is studied.

Key Words: Modern art, contemporary art, interactive art, new media art,

GR

Yeni medya sanat, dijital sanat, bilgisayar grafikleri, yeni medya teknolojileri,
internet sanat gibi bioteknolojik sanat yntemlerini kullanarak yaplan sanat
eserlerini kapsayan sanat trne verilen isim olarak karmza kmaktadr. Yeni
medya sanat genellikle sanat-eser ve izleyici arasnda bir etkileim iermektedir.
Bu etkileim 19. yzyl sonu hareketli fotoraf ile balar.

Fotoraf makinesinin icad ile birlikte sosyolojik anlamda olumlu olarak bir ok
gelime yaanm ve bu gelime sanatta da kendisini hissettirmitir. Dnemsel
zellik olarak sanatlar, daha ok dini konularn tasviri ve portre ressaml stnde
almasndan kaynaklanan bir kayg yaam ve daha sonra bu teknie kar olmak
yerine duraan yakalama konusunda fotorafn ilk hali olan Camera Obscuray
(karanlk kutu) kullanmaya balamlardr. Sanatlar ettlerini hazrlarken artk bu
kutudan yardm almaya balamlardr. 15.yzylda sanatlar renk ve biim dnda
grsel bir e olarak resme katmlardr. Camera Obscurann gelimesiyle

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birlikte 16.yzylda resimde optik grnt belirmitir. 17. yzylda da bu eilim iyice
grlmeye balanmtr. Hollandada Fabritius ve Vermeer, spanyada Velazguez,
talyada Canaletto gibi ressamlar desenlerini Camera Obscura ile hazrlamlardr.
Camera Obscuradan sonra fotoraf makinesi artk hareketli fotoraf ekme
konusunda yardmc olmaya balam ve Muybridgenin bir atn komas srasnda
alm olduu grnt hareketli fotorafn temelini atmtr. Bu almalardan ilham
alarak alan ressam Degas daha sonra Jules Mareyin hareketli fotoraflarndan
esinlenerek alan Duchamp takip etmektedir. Edgar Degasn (1834-1917)
balerinleri betimledii resmi Eadweard Muybridgenin (1830-1904) hayvanlarn ve
insanlarn nasl hareket ettiini gsteren fotoraflarndan etkilenerek yaplmt.
(Farthing, 2014, s. 317). Merdivenden nen plak adl eserdeki erkek figr Mareyin
hazrlad yoku aa inen bir erkein kronofotografik imgesinde olduu gibi st
ste ylm grntlerden ibarettir. plak figr resimde soldan saa geerken
gsterilmektedir ve kompozisyon tuvalin kenarlaryla snrlandrlmamtr.
Dolaysyla yapt sonsuz tekrara, srekli harekete ve ayn zamanda giderek boalan
enerjiye ilikin metaforik bir nerme sunmaktadr. (Thompson, 2014, s. 120).

Hareketin fotoraflanmas ancak 1853te Sterescopic makinann yapl ile

gndeme gelmi, kk boyut ve ksa odak uzakl enstantaneyi olanakl klmtr.
ABDde Eadweard Muybridge, 1880 dolaylarnda 12 ya da 24 makine kullanarak
hareket halindeki insan ve hayvanlar grntlemitir. Pariste Jules Etienne Marey
1830-1904, duyarl yzeyin nne yerletirdii ince bir yar bulunan ark yardm
ile hareketin aamalarn ayn levha stne grntlemeyi baarmtr. (Eczacba
Sanat Ansiklopedisi, 2008, s.531). Daha sora bir ok fotoraf hareketli fotoraf
gelitirmek iin almtr. Fotoraf Muybridge ve fizyolog Marey hareketli
fotoraf almalarnda farkl yntemleri tercih etmilerdir. Sonu olarak ikisi de iki
byk isme (Duchamp ve Degas) k olmu ve etkileim yaamlardr.

Etienne Jules Marey, simsiz, Tarihi bilinmiyor

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Marcel Duchamp, No 2, 147x89,2 cm,1912.

Eadweard Muybridge, The Horse in Motion, 1878-87.

Edgar Degas, The Jockey, Pastel on Paper Wet-Plate Photography, 1889.

1950li yllarn banda nemli bir sanat akm olarak var olan kinetikart devingen
anlamna gelmektedir. Bu devingenlik doal etkilerle ya da bir motor yardmyla
elde edilebilir. (Szen ve Tanyeli, 2014, s. 169). Kinetik sanat akmnn temelinde
k ve hareketin bir sanat yapt yarataca fikri yatar. (Sanat Kitab, 1997, s.459).

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Kinetik sanat drt alt gruba ayrmak mmkndr. Bunlardan birincisi, ...optik
yanlsama ve grsel ikiliklerin olanaklarndan yararlanarak izleyicide optik oynama
ve hareket yaratan resimlerdir. Bu tr yaptlar genellikle op-sanat tanm iinde
deerlendirilir. (Eczacba Sanat Ansiklopedisi, 2008).

Victor Vasarely, Vega-Nor, Tuval zerine Akrilik, 200x200 cm, 1969.

Bir dier kinetik sanat trn, ...izleyicinin mekan iinde yerlerini deitirmesiyle
biim deitiren iler olarak tanmlamak mmkndr. Bunun ilk rnei 1928de
Hannoverde El Lissitskinin tasarlad soyut Galerideki uygulamasdr. 1950den
sonra Venezellal ressam Soto, srailli Sanat Agam ve Fransz Grsel Sanatlar
Aratrma grubu (GRAV) benzer trde almalar yapmtr. (Eczacba Sanat
Ansiklopedisi, 2008).

Jesus Rafael Soto, Keskin Mavi, Metal, Ahap ve Boya, 103x102x17 cm

Kinetik sanatn nc tr olarak, ...neon kl ilanlarda olduu gibi, bir iin

kademeli olarak aydnlatlmasyla elde edilen k akndan yararlanarak yaratlm
hareket yanlsamasnn bulunduu yaptlar gsterilebilir. Ik sanat bu yntemden
yararlanmtr. (Eczacba Sanat Ansiklopedisi, 2008).

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Dan Flavin, Mavi, krmz floresanla oluturulmu suni aydnlatlm bariyer, 1968.

Drdnc kinetik sanat tr olarak ise ...Calderin mobilleri gibi, hareket salayan
bir aygt olmakszn kendiliinden hareket kazandran boyutlu nesneleri saymak
mmkndr. (Eczacba Sanat Ansiklopedisi, 2008).

Alexander Calder, Hareketli Kompozisyon.

Gncel sanat ortamnda alternatif bir alan olarak varln hissettiren yeni medya
sanat, oluum srecinde zellikle 1960 ve sonrasnda sanat ve teknolojinin bir arada
kullanld disiplinler aras almalara yer veren ve artk snrlar olmayan bir hal
almaya balamtr. Bu srete nemli almalar arasnda gnmz sanatna nemli
bir bak as douran almalardan biri Jean Tinguelynin kendi kendini yok eden
yaptdr.

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Jean Tinguely, New Yorka Sayg, 1960.

Jean Tinguely New York modern sanatlar mzesinin bahesinde New Yorka Sayg
isimli son derece karmak bir konstrksiyonunu sergilemitir. Daha nce
yaptklarndan farkl olan bu eser beyaza boyanmtr. Dikine koyulmu eski bir
piyano, eski bir adres yazma makinesi, bir klakson, yanc ve duman kartan
kimyevi maddeler, bir yangn sndrcden meydana gelen bu karmak obje,
elektrik verilince yle bir titreyip kendi kendini yakmaya balam ve paralara
ayrlmtr (Lynton, 2009, s. 335). Teknolojik alglan ve alaya aln zerine
keifleriyle Tinguely, tuhaf ve ngrlemeyen heykelsi makineler yahut resmi olarak
metamekanikler hareket eden sanat yaptlar- denen kinetik sanat yaratt .eitli
mekanizmalar veya mknatslar ieren bu yapt hibir zaman statik olmad yle ki
izleyiciler hangi sklkla bakarlarsa baksnlar her seferinde farkl bir grnt ile
karlatlar (Hodge, 2013, s. 23).

Tinguelynin bu almasnda elde etmi olduu ey baz sanat evreleri tarafndan

bir baarszlk gibi alglanm olsa da aslnda sanatnn burada denemi olduu ey,
makineleme ile gelien sosyolojik yapnn irdelenmesi olarak dnlebilir. Sanat,
Donald Kuspitin (2014) belirttii gibi teknolojiye baml olan sanatn estetik bir
aray olarak ele alm olmas eklinde dnlebilir.

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KAYNAKLAR

_______________. (1997). Sanat Kitab, 500 Sanat 500 Sanat Eseri. (ev., M. Haydarolu) stanbul:
YEM.

Eczacba Sanat Ansiklopedisi (Gelitirilmi kinci Basm). (2008). stanbul: YEM.

Farthing, S. (2014). Sanatn Tm yks (kinci Basm). (ev., G. Aldoan ve C. F. ulcu,) stanbul:
Hayalperest.

Hodge, S. (2013). Be Yandaki ocuk Bunu Neden Yapamaz. (ev., C. F. ulcu ve G. Metin)
stanbul: Hayalperest.

Kuspit, D. (2014). Sanatn Sonu (Drdnc Basm). (ev., Y. Tezgiden,) stanbul: Metis.

Lynton, N. (2009). Modern Sanatn yks (Drdnc Basm). (ev., S. . C. aan,) stanbul: Remzi.

Szen, M. veTanyeli, U. (2014). Sanat Kavram ve Terimleri Szl (Onnc Basm). stanbul:
Remzi.

Thompson, J. (2014). Modern Resim Nasl Okunur. (ev., F. C. ulcu,) stanbul: Hayalperest.

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