IMPLEMENTATION OF INDUCTION MOTOR MODEL

The Induction machine d-q are dynamic equivalent circuit is shown in figure.

D-Q transformation:
Direct quadrature (d-q) transformation is a mathematical transformation used to simplify the
analysis of three phase circuit. In the case of balanced three phase circuits, application of d-q
transformation reduces the tree ac quantities to 2 quantities simplified calculations can then be
carried out on these imaginary quantities before performing the inverse transformation to recover
the actual three phase ac results the d-q transformations applied to three phase voltages are
shown below.

According to the above equivalent circuit, the modelling equations in flux linkage form are as
follows
To solve these equations, they have to be rearranged in the state-space form by inserting

New flux linkage equations are

 The simulink block diagrams for the rearranged flux linkage equations are

The simulink block diagram for Fqs :

In this block diagram input vqs is directly given to adder here 1/wb is the gain. Input We
given to the gain 1/wb and inputs we and fds are multiplied and given to the adder. Input
fqr given to the gain Xml/Xlr and output fqs taken as feedback given to the gain Xml/Xls-1.
The output of adder is given to the Wb. Finally the output is fqs.

The subsystem of fqs is shown below

The simulink block diagram for Fds :
In this block diagram input vds is directly given to adder here 1/wb is the gain. Input We
given to the gain 1/wb and inputs we and fqs are multiplied and given to the adder. Input
fdr given to the gain Xml*/Xlr and output fds taken as feedback given to the gain
Xml*/Xls-1. The output of adder is given to the Wb. Finally the output is fds.

The sub system of fds is shown below

The simulink block diagram for Fdr :

In this block diagram inputs We and Wr given to the adder1 and the output of adder is
given to the gain 1/wb. The output of gain and input fqr are multiplied and its output is
given to the adder. The input fds given to the gain Xml*/Xls and its output is given to the
adder and output fdr is taken as feedback given to the gain Xml*/Xlr-1, its output is given
to the adder2. The output of adder2 is given to the gain Rr/Xlr its output is given to the
adder. The output of adder is given to the gain wb and the final output is fdr.

The subsystem of fdr is shown below

The simulink block diagram for Fqr :

In this block diagram inputs We and Wr given to the adder1 and the output of adder is
given to the gain 1/wb. The output of gain and input fdr are multiplied and its output is
given to the adder. The input fqs given to the gain Xml*/Xls and its output is given to the
adder and output fqr is taken as feedback given to the gain Xml*/Xlr-1, its output is given
to the adder2. The output of adder2 is given to the gain Rr/Xlr its output is given to the
adder. The output of adder is given to the gain wb and the final output is fqr.

The subsystem of fqr is shown below

The simulink block diagram for Ids :

In this block diagram input fds is given to the positive of the adder and input fmd is given
to the negative of the adder. The output of the adder is given to the gain 1/Xls and final
output is ids.

The subsystem of ids is shown below

The simulink block diagram for Iqs :

In this block diagram input fqs is given to the positive of the adder and input fmq is given
to the negative of the adder. The output of the adder is given to the gain 1/Xls and final
output is iqs.

The subsystem of iqs is shown below

The simulink block diagram for Idr :

In this block diagram input fdr is given to the positive of the adder and input fmd is given
to the negative of the adder. The output of the adder is given to the gain 1/Xlr and final
output is idr.

The subsystem of idr is shown below

The simulink block diagram for Iqr :

In this block diagram input fqr is given to the positive of the adder and input fmq is given
to the negative of the adder. The output of the adder is given to the gain 1/Xlr and final
output is iqr.

The subsystem of iqr is shown below

Where :

d :direct axis

q :quadrature axis

s :stator variable

r :rotor variable

Fij :flux linkages (i=q or d and j=s or r)

Vqs , Vds :q and d-axis stator voltages

Vqr , Vdr :q and d-axis rotor voltages

Fmq , Fmd :q and d-axis magnetizing flux linkages

 Rr :rotor resistance

Rs :stator resistance

Xls :stator leakage reactance

Xlr :rotor leakage reactance

Xml*: 1/[(1/xm)+(1/xls)+(1/xlr)]

e :stator angular electrical frequency

b :motor angular electrical base frequency

The simulink block diagram for Te

In this block diagram inputs fds, iqs are multiplied and its output is given to the positive of
the adder. The inputs fqs, ids are multiplied its output is given to the negative of the adder.
The output of adder is given to the gain 3p/4wb and final output is Te.

The subsystem of Te is shown below

The simulink block diagram for r

In this block diagram input Te is given to the positive of the adder and input Tl is given to
the negative of the adder. The output of adder is given to the gain p/(2*j) and the final
integrated output is Wr.

The subsystem of Wr is shown below

where:

p :number of poles

j :moment of inertia

Te :electrical output torque

Tl :load toque

r :rotor angular electrical speed

The simulink implementation of dynamic or d-q model of an induction motor is as

shown in below block diagram
SIMULINK IMPLEMENTATION

The inputs of a squirrel cage induction machine are the three-phase voltages, their fundamental
frequency, and the load torque. The outputs, on the other hand, are the threephase currents, the
electrical torque, and the rotor speed. The d-q model requires that all the three-phase variables
have to be transformed to the two-phase synchronously rotating frame. Consequently, the
induction machine model will have blocks transforming the three-phase voltages to the d-q frame
and the d-q currents back to three-phase. The induction machine model implemented in this
paper is shown in Fig. 2. It consists of five major blocks: the o-n conversion, abc-syn conversion,
syn-abc conversion, unit vector calculation, and the induction machine d-q model blocks. The
following subsections will explain each block.
Implementation of induction motor model contain five major conversion blocks
They are,
1) unit vector calculation
2) o-n conversion block
3) abc-syc conversion block
4) syc-abc conversion block
5) induction motor d-q model block

A. o-n conversion block

This block is required for an isolated neutral system, otherwise it can be bypassed. The
transformation done by this block can be represented as follows:
In this block diagram inputs va0, vb0, vc0 are given to the multiplexer its output is given to the
gain matrix and the output is demultiplexed as van, vbn, vcn.
The subsystem of O - N conversion is shown below

Unit vector calculation

Unit vectors cos e and sin e are used in vector rotation blocks, abc-syn conversion
block and syn-abc conversion block.
The angle, e is calculated directly by integrating the frequency of the input three-phase
voltages, e

e =edt
In this block diagram integrated input We and constant 2*pi are given to math function and its
output is theta e.
The subsystem of unit vector calculation is shown below

abc-syc conversion block :

abc-syc block is used to convert three-phase voltages to voltages in the two phase
synchronously rotating frame
First they are converted to two-phase stationary frame using

Then from the stationary frame to the synchronously rotating frame using
 fig : Simulink implementation of abc-syc conversion block

In this block diagram inputs van, vbn, vcn are multiplexed and given to the gain matrix its output
is demultiplexed as vqs and vds.

The subsystem of abc-syn conversion is shown below

syc-abc conversion block

This block does the opposite of the abc-syn conversion block for the current variables
using
 Fig : Simulink implementation of syc-abc conversion block

In this block diagram inputs iqs, ids are multiplexed and given to the gain matrix and its output is
demultiplexed as ia, ib, ic.

The subsystem of syn-abc conversion is shown below

The complete model of an induction motor by using the above five blocks is shown below

COMMAND VOLTAGE GENERATOR:

The simulink block diagram for command voltage generator is

The subsystem for command voltage generator is shown below

PWM INVERTER:

The simulink block diagram of pwm inverter is

The subsystem of pwm inverter is shown below

TL:

The simulink block diagram of tl is

The step inputs are given to the adder and the output is Tl.
The subsystem of Tl block is shown below

The overall block diagram for Open loop constant V/Hz control Simulink model is shown below

Open loop constant V/Hz control Simulink model