SPM Additional Mathematical Formulae

Algebra Calculus

b b 2 4ac dy dv du
1. x = 1. y = uv, =u +v
2a dx dx dx

2. a m a n = a m + n du dv
v u
u dy dx dx
2. y = , = 2
3. a m a n = a m n v dx v

dy dy du
4. (a m )n = a mn 3. =
dx du dx
5. log a mn = log a m + log a n b b
4. Area under a curve = y dx or x dy
m a a
6. log a = log a m log a n
n b b

y x
2 2
5. Volume generated = dx or dy
n
7. log a m = n log a m a a

log c b Geometry
8. log a b =
log c a
2 2
1. Distance = ( x2 x1 ) + ( y2 y1 )
9. Tn = a + (n 1)d
x +x y +y
n 2. Midpoint ( x, y ) = 1 2 , 1 2
10. S n = [ 2a + ( n 1) d ] 2 2
2
3. A point dividing a segment of a line
11. Tn = ar n 1 nx + mx2 ny1 + my2
( x, y ) = 1 ,
m+n m+n
a (r n 1) a (1 r n )
12. S n = = ,r 1
r 1 1 r 4. Area of a triangle =
1
( x1 y2 + x2 y3 + x3 y1 ) ( x2 y1 + x3 y2 + x1 y3 )
a 2
13. S = , r <1
1 r
5. r = x 2 + y 2


xi + yj
6. r =



x2 + y 2

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Statistics Trigonometry

1. x =
x 1. Length of an arc, s = r
N
1 2
2. Area of a sector, A = r
2. x =
fx 2

f 3. sin 2 A + cos 2 A = 1

3. =
( x x) 2

=
x 2

x
2
4. sec 2 A = 1 + tan 2 A
N N
5. cosec 2 A = 1 + cot 2 A

4. =
f ( x x) 2

=
fx 2

x
2 6. sin 2 A = 2sin A cos A
f f
7.
cos 2 A = cos 2 A sin 2 A
1
2 N F = 2 cos 2 A 1
5. m = L + C
f m = 1 2sin 2 A

8. sin ( A B ) = sin A cos B cos A sin B
6. I =
Q1
100 7. I =
W I i i

Q0 W i 9. cos ( A B ) = cos A cos B sin A sin B

n! tan A tan B
8. n Pr = 10. tan ( A B ) =
(n r )! 1 tan A tan B

n! 2 tan A
9. nCr = 11. tan 2 A =
(n r )!r ! 1 tan 2 A

10. P( A B) = P ( A) + P ( B ) P( A B) a b c
12. = =
sin A sin B sin C
11. P ( X = r ) = nCr p r q n r , where p + q = 1
13. a 2 = b 2 + c 2 2bc cos A
12. Mean/Min, = np 1
14. Area of a triangle = ab sin C
2
13. = npq

X
14. Z =

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