Professional Documents
Culture Documents
V d: Nu bn dng t:
SIMULTANEOUSLY thay cho t AT THE SAME TIME,
hay PORTABLE thay cho t EASY TO CARRY
hay MITIGATE thay cho t LESSEN
trong phn WRITING v SPEAKING th im ca bn s cao cht vt khng ng
lun y. Cha k, nht l trong phn READING, nhng t trong quyn sch ny xut
hin nhiu lm, v c LISTENING na ch.
5/ Gii thch:
Concur / 28: => Tc l t CONCUR ny xut hin trang 28 ca quyn sch.
Agree, be of the same opinion => T ng ngha. V d, phn READING, trong
on vn th dng t CONCUR, n lc, cu hi, ngi ta dng AGREE. Do , hc
lun t ng ngha, s gip mnh c tit kim thi gian v c nhiu p n ng trong
lc lm bi thi. Hoc phn WRITING, trnh lp li t AGREE, mnh c th dng
CONCUR.
ng , cng 1 kin => Ngha ting Vit
Good sportsmanship requires you to accept the umpires decision even if you do not
concur with it. => Cu v d, c bi cnh hn hoi, d hiu.
1. Civilian / 28 : [ n, adj ]
/ s'vlin /
= A person who is not a member of the armed forces, or police, or fire-fighting
forces.
( Ngi khng phi l thnh phn ca cc lc lng v trang, hoc cnh st, hoc lc
lng cu ha.)
Ex: Eight of the passengers were soldiers, and one was a marine; the rest were
civilians.
( Tm hnh khch l lnh, 1 ngi l lnh thy, s cn li l nhng thng dn.)
4. Confirm / 28: [ v ]
/ kn'frm /
= State or prove the truth of; substantiate
( Xc nhn, chng thc)
Ex: My physician thought I had borken my wrist, and an X ray later confirmed his
opinion.
( V bc s ca ti ngh rng ti b gy c tay v vic chp X quang sau xc
nhn y kin ca ng l ng.)
5. Digress / 30: [ v ]
/ da'gress /
=Turn aside, get off the main subject in speaking or writing.
( i lch, lc khi ch chnh khi ni hoc vit.)
Ex: At one point in his talk, the speaker digressed to tell us of an incident in his
childhood, but then he got right back to his topic.
(C lc trong cuc ni chuyn, ngi din gi i khi ti k cho chng ti
nghe 1 s vic trong thi tr th ca ng, nhng ri sau , ng tr li vi ch .)
6. Fragile / 30: [ adj ]
/ 'frdal /
= Easily borken; breakable; weak; frail.
(D gy; c th gy, b gy; yu; mnh khnh.)
Ex: The handle is fragile; it will easily break if you use too much pressure.
(Tay cm y rt mng manh; n s d dng b gy nu nh anh n xung qu
mnh.)
9. Hostile / 30 : [ adj, n ]
/ 'hstal /
= Of or relating to an enemy or enemies; unfriendly
( Thuc hoc c lin quan n k th; khng thn hu.)
Ex: It was not immediately announced whether the submarine reported off our coast
was of a friendly or a hostile nation.
(Ngi ta khng loan bo lp tc rng chic tu ln c bo co xut hin ngai khi
b bin ca chng ta l ca 1 quc gia bn hay 1 quc gia th nghch.)
1. Adjourn / 44: [ v ]
/ 'd:n /
= Close a meeting; suspend the business of a meeting; disband.
( Kt thc cuc hp; ngng cng vic trong 1 phin hp, gii tn.)
Ex: When we visited Washington, D.C., Congress was not in session; it had
adjourned for the Thanksgiving weekend.
( Khi chng ti ving thm th Washington D.C, Quc hi khng ang hp; quc
hi ngh l T n cui tun.)
3. Censure / 46: [ n, v ]
= Act of blaming; expression of disapproval; hostile criticism; rebuke
( Hnh ng qu trch; by t s khng hi lng.)
Ex: Cathy was about to reach for a third slice of cake but was stopped by a look of
censure in Mothers eyes.
( Cathy sp sa vi tay ly lt bnh th ba, nhng dng li v ci nhn qu trch
trong i mt m c.)
4. Demolish / 46: [ v ]
/ d'ml/
= Tear down; destroy, raze
( Ph sp; hy dit, san bng.)
Ex: It took several days for the wrecking crew to demolish the old building.
( Phi tn nhiu ngy tan p ph ph v san bng ta nh c.)
5. Discharge / 46: [ n, v ]
/ ds't : d /
= Unload
( Bc; d xung)
Ex: After discharging her cargo, the ship will go into dry dock for repairs.
( Sau khi bc d hng ha xung, chic tu s tin vo tu kh nc sa cha.)
6. Dissent / 46: [ n, v ]
/ d'sent /
= Differ in opinion; disagree; object.
( Khc y kin; khng ng y; phn bc.)
Ex: There was nearly complete agreement on Als proposal to raise the dues. Enid and
Alice were the only ones who dissented.
(Gn nh c s ng hon tan v ngh tng l ph ca Al. Enid v Alice l
nhng k khng ng .)
8. Exonerate /46: [ v ]
/ g'znret /
= Free from blame; clear from accusation.
( Lm cho khi b khin trch, lm cho khi b kt ti.)
Ex: The other driver exonerated Dad of any responsibility for the accident.
( Ngi ti x khc gii tr cha ti khi trch nhim i vi tai nn.)
1. Cache / 62: [n , v ]
/ k/
= Hiding place to store something.
( Ch ct giu, lu tr.)
Ex: After his confession, the robber led detectives to a cache of stolen gems in the
basement.
( Sau khi th nhn, tn cp dn cc thm t n ni ct giu cc vin ngc c
nh cp trong tng hm.)
3. Cur / 62 [ n ]
/k /
= Worthless dog.
( Con ch v dng.)
Ex: Lassie is a kind and intelligent animal. Please dont refer to her as a cur.
( Lassie l 1 con vt hin v thng minh. Xin ng ku n l 1 con ch v dng)
4. Despotic / 64: [ adj ]
/ des'ptk/
= Of a despot (a monarch having absolute power); domineering; dictatorial;
tyrannical.
( Thuc v nh c ti _1 v vua c quyn hnh tuyt i; p o thng tr, c on.)
Ex: The American colonists revolted against the despotic governement of King
George III.
( Nhng ngi dn nh c ti M ni dy chng li chnh quyn c ti ca vua
George tam.)
5. Dispute / 64: [ n, v ]
/ ds'pju:t /
= Argue about; debate; declare not true; call in question; oppose.
( Ly lun, bin bc; tranh lun, tuyn b l khng ng; t thnh vn ; i lp.)
Ex: Charley disputed my answer to problem 9 until I showed him definite proof that I
was right.
( Charley tranh ci v tr li ca ti cho vn s 9, cho n khi ti ch cho anh ta
thy bng chng r rng l ti ng.)
6. Edifice / 64: [ n ]
/ 'edfs /
= Building, especially a large or impressive building.
( Cao c, nht l cao c ln v s.)
Ex: The huge edifice under construction near the airport will be a modern hotel.
( Ta nh khng l ang xy ct gn sn bay s l 1 khch sn hin i.)
8. Initiate / 64: [ v ]
/ 'nt /
= Begin; introduce; originate.
( Bt u; du nhp vo; ngun.)
Ex: The Pilgrims initiated the custom of celebrating Thanksgiving Day.
( T ph ngi M di dn Pilgrims khi u tp tc Ngy L T n.)
= Admit or induct into a club by special ceremonies.
( Nhn vo cu lc b vi nghi thc c bit.)
Ex: Next Friday our club is going to initiate three new memebers.
( Th 6 ti, cu lc b ca chng ti s lm l nhn vo 3 hi vin mi.)
1. Aggressor / [n]
/gres/
= Person or nation that begins quarrel assailant
(ngi hoc quc gia m u cuc xung t; k xm lc; k tn cng )
Ex: In the war with the United States, Japan was the aggressor; the surprise attack on
Pearl Harbor started the conflict.
(Trong cuc chin vi Hoa K, Nht Bn l quc gia gy chin; cuc tn cng tnh
thnh cu Nht vo Trn Chu cng m u cho cuc xung t )
2. Altitude / [n]
/ltitju /
= Height; elevation; high position; eminence
(Chiu cao; nng cao; v tr trn cao; tri vt ln )
Ex: Mount Washington, which rises to an altitude of 6,288 feet, is the highest peak in
the White Mountains.
(Ngn ni Washington vn ln n cao 6288 feet l ngn cao nht trong dy ni
White Mountains )
3. Calamity / [n]
/klmiti/
= Great misfortune; catastrophe; disaster
(i bt hnh; tai ho; i ho )
Ex: The assassination of President Kennedy was a national calamity.
(Vic m st tng thng Kennedy l mt i nn cho quc gia )
4. Congregate / [n]
/khgrigeit/
= Come together into a crowd; assemble; gather
Ex: Some homeowners near the school object to pupils congregating on their
property in the morning, others dont mind.
(Mt vi ch nh gn trng hc phn i vic hc sinh t tp li trn mnh t cu
h vo bui sng, cn nhng ngi khc th khng quan tm )
5.Convene / [n]
/knvi:n /
= Meet or come together in a group for a specific purpose
(hp hoc tp hp li trong mt nhm nhm mt mc tiu no )
Ex: The board of directors will convene next Tuesday to elect a new corporation
president.
(Hi ng Qun tr s hp vo th 3 tun sau bu ch tch mi cho cng ty )
6. Cordiality / [n]
/,k ility/
= Friendliness; warmth of regard
(S thn tnh bn b; s quan tm thn thit )
Ex: Dans parents greeted me with cordiality and made me feel like an old friend of
the family.
(Cha m cu Dan cho n ti vi s thn tnh v lm ti cm thy nh mt ngi
bn c tri cu gia nh )
7. Crony / [n]
/krouni/
= Close companion; intimate friend; chum
(B bch thn; bn thn; b bn c )
Ex: Some students associate only with their cronies and rarely try to make new
friends.
(Mt vi sinh vin ch kt thn vi nhng bn b c cu h v t khi c gng kt bn
mi )
8. Deliberately / [adv]
/dilibritly/
= in a carefully thought out manner; on purpose; purposely
(Mt cch c suy tnh cn thn; ch ch; c dng )
Ex 1: We deliberately kept Glenda off the planning committee because we didnt
want her to know that the party was to be in her honor.
(Chng ti c khng cho Glenda vo ban tr hoch bi v chng ti khng mun c
y bit rng bui tic hp mt c t chc nhm tn vinh c )
= In an unhurried manner; slowly
(Mt cch khng vi v; chm chm )
Ex 2: Dad was late because he had to drive deliberately, the roads were icy.
(B ti n tr bi v ng phi li chm, cc con ng u b ph bng )
9. Dispense with / [v]
/dispens wi/
= do without; along without
(khng phi; khng cn lm )
Ex: When our club has a guest speaker, we dispense with the reading of the minutes
to save time.
(Khi cu lc b cu chng ti c ngi khch n ni chuyn, chng ti b qua vic
c bin bn khi tn th gi )
1) Contend / [v]
/kntend/
= Compete; vie; take part in a contest; fight; struggle
(tranh; thi da; tham d cuc u; nh nhau; chin u )
Ex 1: Every spring some baseball writers try to predict the two teams that will contend
in the next world series.
(Mi mu xun vi cy bt vit v bng c gng tin on hai i no s u vi
nhau trong vng u th gii sp ti )
= Argue; maintain as true; assert
(Lp lun; cho l ng; khng nh )
Ex 2: Dont argue with the umpire. If he says you are out, its no use contending you
are safe.
(ng ci l vi trng ti. Khi ng ta bo anh sai th chng ch li g khng nh l
anh ng. )
2) Decease / [n,v]
/disi:s/
= Death (ci cht, cht )
Ex: Shortly after President Kennedys decease Vice President Johnson was sworn in
as the new Chief Executive.
(Mt thi gian ngn sau ci chtcu tng thng Kennedy, ph tng tng Johnson
tuyn th nhm chc vi t cch ngi cm u ngnh hnh php mi )
3) Din / [n,v]
/din/
= Loud noise; uproar
(Ting ng ln; n o )
Ex: I couldnt hear what you were saying because the jet plane that was passing made
such a din.
(Ti khng th nghe c nhng g anh ang ni bi v chic my bay phi lc ang
bay ngay qua pht ra ting ng tht ln )
4) Distinguish / [v]
/distihgwi/
= Tell apart; differentiate
(Phn bit; nhn ra ch khc nhau )
Ex: The twins are so alike that it is hard to distinguish one from the other.
(Hai b sinh i tht l ging nhau n kh phn bit ny vi kia
5) Divulge / [v]
/daivld/
= Make known; reveal; disclose
(Cng b cho bit; tit l; l ra )
Ex: Yesterday our teacher read us a composition without divulging the name of the
writer.
(Ngy hm qua thy gio cu chng ti c cho chng ti nghe mt bi lun m
khng cho bit tn cu ngi vit )
6) Drought / [n]
/drau/
= Long period of dry weather; lack of rain; dryness
(Giai on di cu thi tit kh; thiu ma; kh hn )
Ex: While some regions are suffering from drought, others are experiencing heavy
rains and floods.,/
7) Famish / [v]
/fmi/
= Starve; be or make extremely hungry
(i kh; i hoc lm cho i d di )
Ex: The missing hikers were famished. When we found them, they had not eaten for
more than twelve hours.
(Nhng ngi i d ngoi mt tch b i. Khi chng ti tm thy h, h khng c n
g hn 12 ting ng h ri )
8) Illuminate / [v]
/ilu:mineit/
= Light up; make bright with light
(Soi sng; chiu sng )
The bright morning sun illuminate the kitchen, there was no need for the lights to be
on.
(Mt tri bui sng rc r chiu nh sng vo nh n, khng cn phi bt n ln n )
9) Inaudible / [adj]
/inbl/
= Incapable of being heard; not audible
(Khng th nghe c )
Ex: The only part of your answer I could hear was the first word, the rest was
inaudible.
(Phn duy nht trong cu tr li cu anh m ti c th nghe c l t u tin, phn
cn li khng th nghe c g c)
2) Apprehed / [v]
/,prihend/
= Anticipate (foresee) with fear; dread
(Tin liu v lo s; s)
Ex 1: Now I see how foolish I was to apprehend the outcome of the test. I passed
easily.
(By gi ti mi thy tht l ngu khi ti lo s kt qu cu k thi. Ti u mt cch
d dng )
= Arrest
(Bt gi)
Ex 2: The escaped prisoner was apprehended as he tried to cross the border.
(Ngi t vt ngc b bt li khi anh ta c gng vt qua bin gii )
3) Cleave / [v]
/kli:v/
= Stick; adhere; cling; be faithful
(Bm cht; gn b vi; eo st; trung thnh )
Ex: Some of the inhabitants are hostile to new ways; they cleave to the customs and
traditions of the past.
(Mt s c dn th th ght nhng l thi mi; h bm ly phong tc v truyn thng
qu kh)
4) Conceal / [v]
/knsi:l/
= Keep secret; withdraw from observation; hide
(Gi b mt; trnh b quan st; n no )
Ex: I answered all questions truthfully, for I had nothing to conceal.
(Ti tr li tt c cu hi mt cch trung thc v ti khng c g gi b mt)
5) Content / [n,adj,v]
/kntent/
= Satisfied; pleased
(Tho mn; hi lng )
Ex: If you are not content with the merchandise, you may return it for an exchange or
a refund.
(Nu ng khng hi lng vi hng ho y, ng c th hon v i ly ci khc
hoc l ly tin li )
6) Culprit / [n]
/klprit/
= One guilty of a fault or crime; offender
(Ngi phm li hoc c ti; ngi ti phm )
Ex: The last time we were late for the party, I was the culprit. I wasnt ready when
you called for me.
(Ln cui cng chng ti n tr cho bui tic, ti l ngi c li. Ti khng sn
sng khi ng cn n ti )
7) Eliminate / [v]
/ilimineit/
= Drop; exclude; remove; get rid of; rule out
(Ngng; loi ra; ly khi; loi b)
Ex: The new director hopes to reduce expenses by eliminating unnecessary jobs.
(ng gim c hy vng ct gim chi ph bng cch loi b nhng vic lm khng cn
thit )
8) Facetious / [adj]
/fsi:s/
= Given to joking; not to be taken seriously; witty
(u khng ch ; nghim tc; d dm )
Ex: Bob meant it when he said he was quitting the team. He was not being facetious.
(Bob c ni tht khi anh ta bo anh ta s ri khi tony. Anh khng c u )
9) Fatigue / [n,v]
/fti:g/
= Tire; exhaust; weary
(Mt mi; kit sc; r ri )
Ex: Why not take the elevator? Climbing up the stairs will fatigue you.
(Ti sao khng dng thang my? Leo ln bc thang s lm anh mt )
10)Infallible / [adj]
/inflbl/
= Incapable of error; sure; certain; absolutely reliable
(Khng th sai lm; chc chn; chc; tuyt i tin tng c )
Ex: When Phil disputes my answer or I question his, we take it to our math teacher.
We consider her judgment infallible.
(Khi Phil tranh ci gii p ca ti hoc ti nghi ng gii p ca hn, Chng ti bn
nh c gio dy ton xem xt. Chng ti thy phn nh ca c khng th sai lm )
1) Abate / [v]
/ beit/
= Become less; decrease; diminish
(Gim bt; tr nn t i; st gim )
Ex 1: The water shortage in abating, but it is still a matter of some concern.
(S khan him nc gim bt nhng vn cn l mt vn phi lo u )
= Make less; reduce; moderate
(Lm cho t i; st gim; iu ho khi phi thi qu )
Ex 2: Mikes close defeat in the tennis tournament has not abated his zeal for the
game.
(Vic Mike thua st nt trong vng u tennis khng lm gim bt nhit tnh ca
anh i vi tr chi ny )
2) Accord /[n,v]
/k : d /
= Agreement; understanding
(Tho hip; s hiu bit )
Ex 1: If both sides to the dispute can be brought to the conference table, perhaps they
can come to an accord.
(Nu hai bn trong cuc tranh chp c th c mang n bn hi ngh, c l h c
th i n mt tho hip )
= Agree; correspond
(ng ; ph hp; tng ng )
Ex 2: Check to see if your definition accords with the one in the dictionary.
(Bn hy sot li xem nh ngha ca bn c ph hp vi nh ngha trong t in
khng )
3) Aggravate / [v]
/grveit/
= Make worse; intensify
(Lm cho ti t hn; trm trng hn; gia tng cng )
Ex: If your sunburn itches, dont scratch; that will only aggravated it.
(Nu nh lp da b nng n lm anh nga kh chu, anh ch nn gi; v gi ch lm
cho n tr nn trm trng hn )
4) Belligerent /[adj,n]
/bi'lidrnt/
= Fond of fighting; warlike; combative
(Hiu chin; thch chin tranh; c tinh thn chin u )
Ex: Bert still likes to settle his arguments with his fists. When will he learn that its
childish to be so belligerent?
(Bert vn thch gii quyt cc vn tranh lun ca anh ta bng qu m. Bao gi ng
ta mi hiu rng tht l u tr khi t ra hiu chin nh th? )
5) Conspicuous /[adj]
/ kn'spikjus/
= Noticeable; easily seen; prominent; striking
(ng lu ; d thy; ni bt ln; p vo mt )
Ex: Among of Manhattans skyscrapers, the Empire State Building is conspicuous for
its superior height.
(Trong s cc to nh chc tri khu Manhattan cao c Empire State Building ni bt
do chiu cao vt tri ca n )
6) Craft / [n]
/ kr:ft/
= Skill; art
(K nng; ti ngh)
Ex 1: The weavers of Oriental rugs are famous for their superior craft.
(Nhng ngi dt loi thm ng Phng ni danh v ti ngh siu vit ca h)
= Skill or art in a bad sense; cunning; guile
(K nng hoc ti ngh hiu theo ngha xu; mu m; th on )
Ex 2: The Greeks took Troy by craft; they use the trick of the wooden horse.
(NgI Hy Lp chim thy Troy bng mu mo; h s dng con nga g nh
la )
7) Craven / [adj, n]
/ 'kreivn/
= Cowardly
(Nht gan)
Ex: Henry Flemming thought he would be a hero, but as the fighting began he fled
from the field in craven fear.
(Henry Flemming ngh mnh l mt k anh hng, nhng khi cuc chin bt u th
anh ta b chy khi trn a trong s s hi hn nht )
8) Currency / [n]
/ 'krnsi/
= Something in circulation as a medium of exchange; money; coin; bank notes
(Vt trung gian trong lu thong dng lm phng tin trao i; tin; tin xu; giy
bc ngn hng )
Ex: The Indians of New England used beads as currency.
(Nhng ngI da vng New England dng nhng ht chui lm tin )
9) Deter /[v]
/ di't: /
= Turn aside through fear; discourage; hinder; keep back
(Lm cho i v s; lm nn ch; lm tr ngi; gi li )
Ex: The heavy rain did not deter people from coming to the school play. Nearly every
seat was occupied.
(Cn ma to khng lm cn tr ngi ta n u trng xem din kch. Hu nh tt
c ch ngi u c ngi )
1) Alternative / [adj,v]
/:l't:ntiv/
= Choice; one of two or more things offered for choice
(La chn; mt hoc hai phng n hoc nhiu hn la chn )
Ex: If I were given the choice of making either an oral or a written report, I should
pick the second alternative.
(Nu ti c la chn bo co ming hay bo co bng vn bn, ti s chn phng
php th nh )
2) Beverage / [n]
/'bevrid/
= Drink; liquid for drinking
(Thc ung; cht lng ung )
Ex: Orange juice is a healthful beverage.
(Nc p cam l mt thc ung b dng )
3) Blunder /[n,v]
/'blnd/
= Mistake or error caused by stupidity or carelessness
(Sai lm, hoc li lm gy ra do s ngu xun hoc cu th )
Ex: Have you ever committed the blunder of mailing a letter without a postage
stamp?
(Bn c bao gi phm phi s lm ln l gi mt l th m khng dn tem? )
4) Custody /[n]
/'kstdi/
= Care; safekeeping; guardianship
(S chm sc; s trng nom; s gi gn )
Ex: Our treasurer has custody of our clubs financial records.
(NgI th qu ca chng ti gi gn cc h s ti chnh ca cu lc b chng ti )
5) Diminutive /[adj]
/di'minjutiv/
= Below average size; small; tiny
(Kch thc di trung bnh; nh; b t )
Ex: To an observer in an airplane high over the city, the largest buildings seem
diminutive.
(i vi mt quan st vin trong mt chic my bay trn thnh ph, nhng to nh ln
nht dng nh nh b )
6) Dispel [v]
/dis'pel/
= Drive away by scattering; scatter; disperse
(y li i bng cch phn tn; gii tn; lm tn mt ra )
Ex: The two officers were commended for their skill in dispelling the mob and
preventing violence.
(Hai vin chc cnh st c khen ngi v c kh nng gii tn m ng v ngn
nga bo ng )
7) Dormant / [adj]
/'d:mnt/
= Inactive; as if asleep; sleeping; quiet; sluggish; resting
(Bt ng; nh ang ng; ang ng; yn lng; chm chp; yn ngh )
Ex: In early spring, new buds begin to appear on trees and shrubs that have been
dormant all winter.
(Vo u ma xun, nhng n non mi bt u xut hin trn cy ci m vo sut
ma ng nh ng yn )
8) Exclusively /[adv]
/iks'klu:sivli/
= Solely; without sharing with others; undividedly
(Ch ring cho; khng chia s vi nhng ngi khc; mt cch khng phn chia )
Ex: Mrs. Carter had bought the encyclopedia for all of her sons, but the oldest
behaved as if it was exclusively his
(B Carter mua b t in bch khoa cho tt c con trai ca b, nhng a ln nht
c x nh th thuc ring v ca n )
9) Exempt /[adj,n,v]
/ig'zempt/
= Freed or released from a duty, liability, or rule to which others are subject
(Min tr khi nhim v, trch nhim hoc quy nh m k khc phi theo )
Ex: Three students are exempt from taking the spelling retest; they got 100% in the
original test.
(Ba sinh vin c min khng phi thi trc nghim li v chnh t; chng t
c 100% trong bi trc nghim u tin )
10) Imperil / [v]
/im'peril/
= Endanger; jeopardize
(Lm nguy him; lm hi cho)
Ex: The fishing vessel was imperiled by high winds, but it managed to reach port
safely.
(Chic thuyn nh c b nguy him v nhng cn gi to, nhng c gng v bn
cng an ton )
1) Adroit /[adj]
/'drit/
= Expert in using the hands or mind; skillful; clever; deft; dexterous
(Thnh tho trong nhng vic s dng hai tay hoc tr c; nhiu k nng; thng minh;
nhanh v kho; kho tay )
>> T tri ngha vi Adroit: maladroit; inept
Ex: Out adroit passing enabled us to score four touchdowns.
(S kho lo giao banh ca chng ti lm cho chng ti ghi c 4 bn thng )
2) Ambidextrous /[adj]
/,mbi'dekstrs/
= Able to use both hands equally well
(Kho c 2 tay)
Ex: Russ is an ambidextrous hitter; he can bat right-handed or left-handed.
(Russ l mt i th s dng kho c 2 tay; anh ta c thnh banh bng tay mt
hoc tay tri )
3) Apprentice /[n,v,adj]
/'prentis/
= Person learning an art or trade under a skilled worker; learner; beginner; novice;
tyro
(Ngi hc mt ngnh cng ngh hoc mt ngh vi mt ngi th chuyn mn;
ngi hc vic; ngi bt u; ngi mi hc vic; ngi t kinh nghim )
Ex: Young Ben Franklin learned the printing trade by serving as an apprentice to his
half brother James.
(Chng trai Ben Franklin hc ngh in bng cch lm vic vi t cch ngi thc tp
vi mt ngi anh cng cha l James )
4) Aptitude /[n]
/'ptitju /
= Natural tendency to learn or understand; bent; talent
(Khuynh hng hc tp hoc hiu bit t nhin; kh nng t nhin; ti nng )
Ex: Eric is clumsy with tools; he has little mechanical aptitude.
(Eric vng v khi s dng dng c; anh ta khng c kh nng my mc bao nhiu )
5) Craftsman /[n]
/'kr:ftsmn/
= Skilled workman; artisan
(Ngi cng nhn c k nng; th chuyn mn )
Ex: To build a house, you need the services of carpenters, bricklayers, plumbers,
electricians, and several other craftsmen.
( xy mt ngi nh, bn cn n dch v ca nhng ngi th mc, th lt gch,
th ng nc, thin v nhng ngi th chuyn mn khc )
6) Dexterity /[n]
/deks'teriti/
= Skill in using the hands or mind; deftness; adroitness
(K nng khi s dng tay hoc tr c; s kho lo k xo )
Ex: You cant expect an apprentice to have the same dexterity as a master craftsman.
(Bn khng th hy vng mt ngi ang hc vic c c cng mt k nng kho
lo nh mt ngi th c)
7) Versatile / [adj]
/'v:stail/
= Capable of doing many things well; many-sided; all-around
(C th lm tt c nhiu vic, an nng; ton din, ton nng )
Ex: Leonardo da Vinci was remarkably versatile. He was a painter, sculptor, architect,
musician, engineer and scientist.
(Leonardo da Vinci rta nng. ng l mt ho s, mt nh iu khc, mt kin trc
s, mt nhc s, k s v mt nh khoa hc )
2. Poverty
(Page 164 -> 173)
1) Destitute / [adj]
/'destitju:t/
= Not possessing the necessaries of life such as food, shelter, and clothing; needy;
indigent.
(Khng c nhng g cn thit cho i sng nh thc n, nh ca v qun o; thiu
thn; s ngho kh)
Ex: The severe earthquake killed hundred of persons and left thousands destitute.
(Trn ng t khng khip git cht hng trm ngi v lm cho hng ngn ngi
lm vo cnh ngho kh )
2) Economize /[v]
/i:'knmaiz/
= Cut down expenses; be frugal
(Ct gim chi ph; tit kim )
Ex: Housewives can economize by buying their milk in gallon containers.
(Cc b ni tr c th tit kim bng cch mua sa trong cc bnh gallon )
3) Frugal / [adj]
/'fru:gl/
= Barely enough: scantly
(Ch; rt t )
Ex 1: The old man had nothing to eat but bread and cheese; yet he offered to share this
frugal meal with his visitor.
(ng gi y khng c g n ngoi tr bnh m v ph mai; vy m ng ta ngh
chia s ba nm bc ny vi ngi khch ving thm ng ta )
= Avoiding waste; economical; sparing; saving; thrifty
(Trnh phung ph; tit kim; dnh; d sn )
Ex 2: An allowance of $5 a week for lunches and fares isnt much, but you can get by
on it if you are frugal.
(Tr cp nm la mt tun l cho n tra v tin di chuyn th khng nhiu nhng
cng c thc nu nh anh tit kim )
4) Impoverish / [v]
/im'pvri/
= Make very poor; reduce to poverty
(Lm cho bn cng; lm cho ngho i )
Ex: The increase in dues is only 10 cents. It will not impoverish any member.
(L ph ch gia tng c 10 cent. N s khng lm cho bt c mt hi vin no tr nn
ngho i )
5) Indigence /[n]
/'indidns/
= Poverty
(S ngho kh)
Ex: By handwork, countless thousands of Americans have raised themselves from
indigence to wealth.
(Bng s lm vic nng nhc, hng ngn ngi Hoa K vn ln giu c t s
ngho kh )
3. Wealth
1) Affluent / [adj,n]
/'flunt/
= Very wealthy; rich; opulent
(Rt giu; giu c; giu sang )
Ex: The new wing to the hospital was made possible by a gift of $500,000 from an
affluent contributor.
(Cnh bn phi bnh vin c thc hin nh khon tin 500.000 la c tng
bi mt ngi ng gp giu c )
2) Avarice /[n]
/'vris/
= Excessive desire for wealth; greediness
(S tham lam ti sn thi qu, s tham lam )
Ex: People who suffer from avarice spend much less and save much more than they
should.
(Nhng ngi au kh v lng tham ca ci s chi ra qu t v tit kim qu nhiu so
vi mc bnh thng )
3) Covet /[v]
/'kvit/
= Desire; long for; crave especially something belonging to another
(S ham mun; ao c; thm kht nht l nhng th ca k khc )
Ex: Chicot coveted his neighbors farm but could not get her to sell it
(Chicot ham mun nng trang ca ngi lng ging, nhng li khng th lm cho
ngi y bn n i )
1) Lucrative /[adj]
/'lu:krtiv/
= Profitable; moneymaking
(Sinh li; lm ra tin )
Ex: Because his gas station did not produce a sufficient profit, the owner decided to go
into a more lucrative business.
(Bi v trm xng ca ng ta khng sinh li , nn ch nhn quyt nh chuyn
sang ngnh kinh doanh khc sinh li nhiu hn )
2) Means
/min:nz/
= Wealth; property; resources
(S giu c; ti sn; ti nguyn )
Ex: To own an expensive home, a yacht, and a limousine, you have to be a man of
means.
( lm ch mt ngi nh t tin, mt chic du thuyn, v mt chic Limousine, bn
phi l mt ngi giu c )
3) Opulence /[n]
/'pjulns/
= Wealth; riches; affluence
(S giu c; c nhiu ca ci; giu sang )
Ex: Dickens contrasts the opulence of Frances nobility with the indigence of her
peasants.
(Dicken miu t mt cch tng phn s giu sang ca giai cp qu tc Php vi
s bn cng ca giai cp nng dn Php )
4) Sumptuous /[adj]
/'smptus/ = Involving large expense; luxurious; costly; lavish
(S xa hoa, chi tiu nhiu; xa x; t gi; phung ph )
Ex: The car with the leather upholstery and thick rugs is beautiful but a bit sumptuous
for a person of my simple tastes.
(Chic xe y vi nm da v thm lt dy th p nhng hi xa hoa i vi mt ngi
c th hiu n gin nh ti )
4. Fear
1) Apprehensive / [adj]
/,pri'hensiv/
= Expecting something unfavorable; afraid; anxious
(Lo s mt iu g khng thun li, s hi lo lng )
Ex: Several apprehensive parents telephoned the school when the children were late
in getting home from the museum trip.
(Mt vi ph huynh lo u gi in thoi cho nh trng khi cc con ca h tr v
nh tr trong mt chuyn tham quan vin Bo tng. )
2) Cower /[v]
/'kau/
= Draw back tremblingly; shrink or crouch in fear; cringe; recoil
(Tht li v run s; co hoc thu mnh li v s hi; co rt li; li li v s )
Ex: Brave men defy tyrants, instead of cowering before them.
(Nhng ngi dng cm thch thc vi nhng k c ti thay v tht li v s hi )
3) Dastardly /[adj]
/'dstdli/
= Cowardly and mean
(Mt cch hn nht v tin )
Ex: It was dastardly of the captain to desert the sinking vessel and leave the
passengers to fend for themselves.
(Tht l hn nht khi mt ngi thuyn trng b ri con tu ang chm ca mnh v
cho hnh khch t lo liu ly )
4) Intimidate /[v]
/in'timideit/
= Make fearful or timid; frighten; force by fear; cow; bully
(Lm cho s hoc nht nht; lm cho ht hong; cng bch bng cch lm cho s;
lm cho s khut phc; bt nt )
Ex: They younger boys would not have given up the playing field so quickly if the
older boys hadnt intimidated them.
(Cc cu trai nh hn s khng chu ri khi sn chi nhanh chng nu nh nhng
a ln hn khng e do chng )
5) Timid /[v]
/'timid/
= Lacking courage or self-confidence; fearful; timorous; shy
(Thiu s can m hoc t tin; s hi, nht nht; e l )
Ex: If the other team challenges us, we should accept. Lets not be so timid!
(Nu i khc thch thc chng ti, chng ti s chp nhn. Chng ta ng t ra qu
nht nht )
6) Trepidation /[n]
/,trepi'dein/
= Nervous agitation; fear; fright; trembling
(Lo lng bn chn; s hi; kinh s; run s )
Ex: I thought Carol would be nervous when she made her speech, but she delivered it
without trepidation.
(Ti ngh rng Carol s run khi c ta c din vn, nhng c y c bi din vn
m khng run s g c )
5. Courage
1) Audacious /[adj]
/:'deis/
= Bold; fearlessly daring
(Can m; gan d khng bit s )
Ex 1: Risking serious injury, the outfielder made an audacious leap against the
concrete wall and caught the powerfully hit ball.
(Bt chp nguy him c th b thng, u th ngoi bin nhy mt cch can m
vo bc tng b tng v bt tri banh c nh mt cch mnh m )
= Too bold; insolent; impudent
(Qu bo dn; c gan; hn xc )
Ex 2: After we had waited for about twenty minutes, an audacious freshman came
along and tried to get in at the head of our line.
(Sau khi chng ti ch i khon 20 pht, mt anh sinh vin nm th nht n v
c gan c gng chen ng vo v tr u tin trong hng ca chng ti )
2) Dauntless /[adj]
/'d:ntlis/
= Fearless; intrepid; very brave; valiant
(Khng bit s; qu cm; rt can m; dng cm )
Ex: The frightened sailors wanted to turn back, but their dauntless leader urged them
to sail on.
(Nhng ngi thu th lo s mun rt lui, nhng ngi th lnh gan d ca h thc
gic h ging bum tin ln )
3) Exploit / [n,v]
/'eksplit/
= Heroic act; daring deed; feat
(Hnh vi anh hng; hnh ng gan d; hnh vi qu cm )
Ex: Robert E. Peary won worldwide fame for his exploits as an Arctic explorer.
(Robert E. Peary ni danh ton th gii do hnh vi qu cm vi t cch l mt nh
thm him Bc cc )
4) Fortitude / [n]
/'f:titju /
= Courage in facing danger, hardship, or pain; endurance; bravery; pluck; backbone;
valor
(Can m khi i u vi nguy him, gian kh hoc au n; s chu ng; can
trng; chu ng phn u; dng cm )
Ex: The captain showed remarkable fortitude in continuing to lead his men despite a
painful wound.
(V thuyn trng t ra rt can trng khi tip tc dn u cc thuc vin ca ng
mc d vt thng ang lm ng au n )
5) Indomitable /[adj]
/in'dmitbl/
= Incapable of being subdued; unconquerable; invincible
(Khng th b khut phc; khng th chinh phc; v ch; khng th b chin thng )
Ex: Columbus had an indomitable belief that he would reach land by sailing west.
(Columbus c mt nim tin khng g khut phc c l ng s i n t lin
khi tin v pha ty bng thuyn bum )
6) Plucky / [adj]
/'plki/
= Courageous; brave; valiant; valorous
(Can m; can trng; dng cm; anh dng )
Ex: Though defeated, our team put up a plucky defense against their taller and huskier
opponents.
(Mc d b thua, i bng ca chng ti bo v mt cch anh dng chng li
cc i th to con hn v mnh kho hn )
6. Concealment
1) Concealment /[n]
/ kn'si:lmnt/
= The act of hiding st, the state of being hidden
(Hnh ng che du)
Ex: Stay in concealment until the danger has passed
(Hy c np kn cho n khi no ht nguy him )
2) Alias /n.v]
/ 'eilis/
= Assumed name
(Bit danh )
Ex 1: Inspector Javert discovered that Monsieur Madeleine was not the mayors real
name but an alias for Jean Valjean, the ex-convict.
(Thanh tra Javert khm ph ra rng ng Madeleine khng phi l tn tht ca ng
th trng m l bit danh ca Jean Valjean, mt cu ti phm )
= Otherwise called; otherwise known as
(Cn c gi l; c bit vi tn l )
Ex 2: Jean Valjean, alias Monsieur Madeleine, was arrested by Inspector Javert.
(Jean Valjean, cn c gi l ng Madelaine, b bt bi thanh tra Javert. )
3) Clandestine /[adj]
/ kln'destin/
= Carried on in secrecy and concealment; secret; concealed; underhand
(c tin hnh trong s b mt v che giu; b mt; c giu kn; b mt v bt
lng )
Ex: Before the Revolutionary War, an underground organization, known as the Sons
of Liberty, used to hold clandestine meetings in Boston.
(Trc chin tranh cch mng, mt t hcc chnh tr b mt c bit di tn l Sons
of Liberty thng t chc nhng bui hp kn ti Boston )
4) Enigma /[n]
/ i'nigm/
= Puzzling statement; riddle; mystery; puzzling problem or person
(n ng; cu ; iu b mt; vn hoc con ngi kh hiu )
Ex: I have read the first homework problem several times but cant understand it.
Maybe you can help me with this enigma.
(Ti c bi ton lm nh u tin nhiu ln nhng vn khng th hiu. C l anh
c th gip ti gii bi rc ri y )
5) Latent /[adj]
/ 'leitnt/
= Present but not showing itself; hidden but capable of being brought to light;
dormant; potential
(Hin din nhng khng hin l ra; n bn di nhng c th c mang ra anh sng;
ang hot ng tim tng nh ng; tim nng, tim tng )
Ex: A good education will help you discover and develop your latent talents.
(Mt nn gio dc tt s gip bn khm ph v pht trin ti nng tim tng )
6) Lurk /[v]
/ l:k/
= Be hidden; lie in ambush
(n nu; nm phc kch )
Ex: General Braddocks troops, marching in column, were easy targets for the Indians
lurking behind trees.
(Qun ca i tng Braddock tin ln trong i hnh, l mc tiu ngon lnh cho
nhng ngi da nm phc kch pha sau cc lm cy. )
7) Seclude /[v]
/ si'klu /
= Shut up apart from others; confine in a place hard to reach; hide
(Cch ly khi nhng ngi khc; gi vo mt ch kh n; n giu )
Ex: To find a quiet place to study, Bruce had to seclude himself in the attic.
( tm mt ni yn lng hc Bruce t giam mnh trn gc xp )
8) Stealthy /[adj]
/ 'steli/
= Secret in action or character; sly
(B mt trong hnh ng hoc trong cch i ng; ln lt )
Ex: The burglar must have been very stealthy if he was able to get past the two
watchmen without being noticed.
(Tn trm hn phi hnh ng rt b mt, ln lt nu mun qua khi hai ngi canh
gc m khng b nhn ra/ pht hin). Trong : Was able to = xoay s ]
7. Disclosure
1) Disclosure /[n]
/ dis'klouz/
= Exposition, revelation
(S vch trn; s pht hin, s tit l )
Ex: When my secrets were proclaimed by her disclosure became I an evil girl in
everybody's eyes.
(Khi cc b mt ca ti b tit l bi s vch trn ca ch ta ti bin thnh mt k xu
xa trong mt mi ngi.)
2) Apprise /[v]
/ 'praiz/
= Inform; notify
(Thng bo, thng tri )
Ex: The magazine has apprised its readers of an increase in rates beginning January 1.
(Tp ch y thng bo cho cc c gi bit s tng gi bo s bt u vo ngy 1
thng ging )
3) Avowal /[n]
/ 'vaul/
= Open acknowledgement; frank declaration; admission; confession
(S cng nhn cng khai; thnh tht khai bo; cng nhn; th nhn )
Ex: The white flag of surrender is an avowal of defeat.
(L c trng ca nhng ngi u hng l mt s th nhn bi trn )
4) Divulge /[v]
/ dai'vld/
= Make public; disclose; reveal; tell
(Cng b; tit l; k ra )
Ex: I told my secret only to Margaret because I knew she would not divulge it.
(Ti ch k iu b mt ca ti cho Margaret bi v ti bit c y s khng tit l.)
5) Elicit /[v]
/ i'lisit/
= Draw forth; bring out; evoke; extract
(Rt ra; mang ra; gi ra; to ra; trch l ra )
Ex: By questioning the witness, the attorney elicited the fact that it was raining at the
time of the accident.
(Bng cch t cu hi cho cc nhn chng, ng lut s rt ra s kin l tri ang
ma vo lc xy ra tai nn. )
6) Enlighten /[v]
/inlaintn/
[T tri ngha: confuse]
= Shed the light of truth and knowledge upon; free from ignorance; inform; instruct
(Soi sng s tht v s hiu bit; gii phng khi s dt nt; thng bo; ch dn )
Ex: The new student was going in the wrong direction until someone enlightened him
that his room is at the other end of the hall.
(Anh tn sinh vin ang i vo hng sai cho n khi c ngi ch cho anh ta rng
phng ca anh y u bn kia hnh lang )
7) Manifest /[n,v]
/ 'mnifest/
= Show; reveal; display; evidence
(Biu l; tit l; trng by; chng t )
Ex 1: My art teacher told my parents that I have failed to manifest any interest in her
subject.
(C gao mn k thut ni vi cha m ti rng ti khng cho thy mt s quan tm
no i vi mn hc ca c ta. )
= Plain; clear; evident; not obscure; obvious (adjective)
(Gin d; r rng; hin nhin; khng ti tm; r )
Ex 2: It is now manifest that, if I do not do my work, I will fail the course.
(By gi th r rng l nu ti khng lm bi lm ca ti, ti s b hng kho hc.)
8) Overt / [adj]
/ 'ouv:t/
= Open to view; not hidden; public; manifest
(M ra; khng che giu; cng cng; biu l )
Ex: The teacher didnt believe that Ned was annoying me until she saw him in the
overt act of pulling my hair.
(C gio khng tin rng Ned ang lm phin ti cho n khi c y thy hn trong
hnh ng r rng l ang nm ko tc ti. )
8. Agreement
1) Compromise /[n,v]
/'kmprmaiz/
= Settlement reached by a partial yielding on both sides
(Tho thun t c bng cch nhng b mt phn t c hai pha )
Ex: At first, the union and management were far apart on wages, but they finally came
to a compromise.
(Thot tin, nghip on v ban gim c khc bit nhau v lng bng, nhng cui
cng h i n tho hip.)
2) Conform / [v]
/kn'f:m/
= Be in agreement or harmony with; act in accordance with accepted standards or
customs; comply
(Ph hp vi; hnh ng theo tiu chun hoc tp qun c chp thun; tun th,
hnh ng theo )
Ex: When a new style in clothes appears, women usually hasten to conform.
(Khi mt kiu o qun mi xut hin, ph n thng hay vi v chy theo.)
3) Consistent /[adj]
/kn'sistnt/
[T tri ngha: inconsistent /,inkn'sistnt/: mu thun nhau, tri nhau]
= Keeping to the same principles throughout; showing no contradiction; in accord;
compatible
(Theo cng nhng nguyn tc xuyn sut; nht qun khng mu thun; tng hp
vi; ph hp vi )
Ex: By bringing up an unrelated matter you are not being consistent with your
previous statement that we should stick to the topic.
(Bng cch cp vn khng lin h bn khng nht qun vi li khng nh
trc l chng ta s khng i lc khi ti. )
4) Correspond / [in.verb]
/,kris'pnd/ [in.verb = intransitive verb]
= Be in harmony; match; fit; agree; be similar
(Ph hp; kt vi; thch hp vi; ng ; tng t )
Ex: The rank of second lieutenant in the Army corresponds to that of ensign in the
Navy.
(Cp bc thiu u trong qun i tng ng vi cp bc thiu u trong hi qun. )
5) Dovetail / [n,v]
/'dvteil/
= To fit together with, so as to form a harmonious whole; interlock with
(Kt hp hon ho vi nhau to thnh mt on th hi ho; kt cht vi )
Ex: Gilberts skill as a writer dovetailed Sullivans talent as a composer, resulting in
the famous Gilbert and Sullivan operettas.
(K nng ca Gilbert vi t cch l mt nh vn kt hp hi ho vi ti nng ca
Sullivan vi t cch l mt nh son nhc dn n s ra i mt v ca nhc kch
ni danh. (ca Gilbert v Sullivan ))
6) Reconcile / [t.verb]
/'reknsail/ [t. verb = transitive verb]
= Cause to be friendly again; bring back to harmony
(Ho gii, lm cho thun tho bn b li; lm cho ho hp tr li )
Ex: After our quarrel, my brother and I refused to talk to each other until Mother
reconciled us.
(Sau cuc ci v, anh ti v ti t chi khng ni chuyn vi nhau mi n khi m ti
ho gii. )
7) Relent / [in.verb]
/ri'lent/
= Become less harsh, severe, or strict; soften in temper; yield
(D di, ni lng; tr nn bt kh khn, nghim ngt, hoc bt cht ch; lm cho c
tnh bt kh chu; nhng b )
Ex: They Mayor has banned all lawn sprinkling because of the water shortage.
However, if the reservoirs fill up, he may relent somewhat.
(ng th trng cm khng cho ti nc cc bn c v nc thiu ht. Tuy nhin
nu nh cc h cha y, ng y c th ni lng i cht.)
9. Disagreement
1) Altercation /[ n]
/,:lt:'kein/
= Noisy, angry dispute; quarrel; wrangle
(Ci v n o, gin d; ci ln; i co )
Ex: The teacher halted the altercation by separating the two opponents before they
could come to blows.
(Thy gio chm dt s i co bng cch tch ri hai k i nghch trc khi
chng c th i ti nh nhau.)
2) Antagonize [t.verb]
/n'tgnaiz/
= Make an enemy of; arouse the hostility of
(To s th ch; gy ra s i nghch xung t )
Ex: The official antagonized the leader of his own party by accusing him of
cowardice.
(Vin chc y to ra s th nghch vi th lnh chnh ng ca ng ta bng cch
kt tI ng ny l mt k hn nht.)
3) Cleavage / [n]
/'kli:vid/
= Split; division
(Chia r; phn ly )
Ex: Our party hopes to repair the cleavage in its ranks so that it may present a united
front in the coming elections.
(ng ca chng ti hy vng hn gn c s chia r trong hng ng ca mnh sao
cho ng c th xut hin nh mt mt trn on kt trong cc k bu c sp ti.)
5) Discrepancy / [n]
/dis'krepnsi/
[T tri ngha: agree, concur]
= Difference; disagreement; variation; inconsistency
(S d bit; s khng ng ; s a dng; s khng ph hp )
Ex: Eighty students came to the dance but only seventy-four tickets were collected at
the door. Can you account for this discrepancy?
(Tm mi sinh vin n d cuc khiu v, nhng ch c 74 v c thu ca.
Anh c th gii thch c s chnh lch ny khng?)
6) Embroil / [t.verb]
/im'bril/
= Involve in conflict
(Dn n xung t )
Ex: Motorists who disregard traffic regulations eventually become embroiled with
law.
(Nhng ngi li xe coi thng lut l giao thng rt cuc ri s dn n vi phm
lut php )
7) Estrange /[ in.verb]
/is'treind/
= Turn (someone) from affection to dislike or enmity; make unfriendly; separate,
alienate
(Lm thay i tnh cm t thn thch sang ght hoc th nghch; lm cho khng thn
thin; lm cho xa cch; lm cho tr thnh xa l )
Ex: A quarrel over an inheritance estranges the brothers for many years.
(S ci v v vn tha k lm cho hai anh em ght b nhau trong nhiu nm.)
8) Friction /[n]
/'frikn/
= Conflict of ideas between persons or parties of opposing views; disagreement
(Xung t kin gia nhng ngi hoc ng phi c quan im i lp; va chm,
khng ng .)
Ex: At the budget hearing, there was considerable friction between the supporters and
the opponents of higher taxes.
(Trong cuc hp v ngn sch, c mt s va chm ng k gia nhng ngi ng h
v nhng ngi chng i tng thu.)
9) Irreconcilable /[adj]
/i'reknsailbl/
= Unable to be brought into friendly accord or understanding; hostile beyond the
possibility of reconciliation; not reconcilable
(Khng th ho gii; lm cho ng hoc hiu bit; xung t vt khi kh nng ho
gii; khng th ho gii )
Ex: It is doubtful whether anyone can make peace between the estranged partners;
they have become irreconcilable.
(Ngi ta nghi ng l khng ai c th ging ho gia cc bn th nghch; h tr
nn khng th ho gii c.)
10. Eating
1) Condiment /[n]
/'kndimnt/
= Something (such as pepper or spices) added to or served with food to enhance its
flavor; seasoning
(Th thm vo hoc dng chung vi thc n tng gia v ngon; gia v )
Ex: There is a shelf in our kitchen for pepper, salt, mustard, catsup, and other
condiments.
(C mt ci k trong nh bp chng ti tiu, mui, m tt, st c chua v nhng th
gia v khc.)
2) Devour /[t.verb]
/di'vau/
= Eat up greedily; feast upon like an animal or a glutton
(n mt cch ngon lnh; n nh con vt hoc nh mt ngi tham n )
Ex: The hikers were so hungry that they devoured the hamburger as fast as they were
served.
(Nhng ngi i d ngoi i n h n hamburger mt cch ngon lnh v nhanh
chng n ngi ta khng kp mang ra.)
3) Edible /[adj]
/'edibl/
= Fit for human consumption; eatable; nonpoisonous
(Thch hp n; c th n c; khng c.)
Ex: Never eat wild mushroom even though they look edible. They may be poisonous.
(Ch nn n nm di, cho d chng c v n c. Chng c th c y.)
4) Glutton /[n]
/'gltn/
= Greedy eater; person in the habit of eating too much
(K tham n; ngi c thi quen n nhiu qu )
Ex: I had a second helping and would have taken a third except that I didnt want to be
considered a glutton.
(Ti n ht sut (phn thc n ) th nh v ng l n thm mt sut th ba nu
nh ti mun b gi l k hu n.)
5) Luscious / [adj]
/'ls/
= Delicious; juicy and sweet
(Ngon lnh; c nc v ngt )
Ex: The watermelon was very luscious. Everyone wanted another slice.
(Da hu rt ngon. Mi ngi ai cng mun c thm mt ming na.)
6) Palatable /[adj]
/'pltbl/
= Agreeable to the taste; pleasing; savory
(Hp khu v; lm ngon ming; thm ngon )
Ex: The main dish has little flavor, but I made it palatable by adding condiments.
(Mn n chn khng hng v bao nhiu, nhng ti lm cho n thm ngon hn
bng cch cho thm cc gia v.)
7) Slake /[t.verb]
/sleik/
= (With reference to thirst) bring to and end through refreshing drink; satisfy; quench
(Lin h n s kht nc ) lm cho ht kht bng nc gii kht; lm tho mn cn
kht; lm ht kht.
Ex: ON a sultry afternoon, you may find a long line of people at the drinking fountain,
waiting to slake their thirst.
(Vo mt bui x chiu oi , bn c th thy mt hng ngi di ch vi nc ang
ch c gii [gii to, tho mn] cn kht ca h.)
8) Succulent /[adj]
/'skjulnt/
= Full of juice; juicy
(y nc; mng nc )
Ex: The steak will be dry if you leave it in the oven longer. Take it out now if you
want it to be succulent.
(Ming bt tt s kh cng nu bn n trn l lu hn. Bn hy ly ra ngay nu bn
mun n mm ngon.)
9) Voracious /[adj]
/v'reis/
= Having a huge appetite; greedy in eating; gluttonous
(Rn mun n; ham n; tham n )
Ex: Chester would not be overweight if be were not such a voracious eater.
(Chester s khng b mp qu c nu nh hn khng n ung nhiu qu nh vy.)
1) Colossal [adj]
/k'lsl/
= Huge; enormous; gigantic; mammoth; vast
(Khng l; rt ln; to nh khng tng; mnh mng )
Ex: The game will be played in a colossal sports arena with a seating capacity of more
than 60,000.
(Trn u din ra trong u trng th thao khng l vi s ch ngi trn 60.000.)
2) Commodious /[adj]
/k'moudjs/ = Spacious and comfortable; roomy; ample not confining
(Rng ri v thoi mi; c ch rng; rng ri, khng b hn ch )
Ex: Even during change of classes there is no crowding because the halls and
stairways are commodious.
(Ngay vo lc i gi hc cng khng c cnh ng c bi v cc hnh lang v cu
thang th rng ri, thoi mi.)
3) Gamut /[n]
/'gmt/ = Entire range of anything from one extreme to another
(Bao gm nhiu, t thi cc ny n thi cc khc )
Ex: After the test I thought at first I had done very well, then quite well, and finally,
poorly. I ran the gamut from confidence to despair.
(Sau khi thi xong, mi u ti ngh ti lm rt tt, ri th thy lm cng c v cui
cng thy mnh lm d. Ti tri qua t thi cc ny n thi cc khc, t s t
tin n s tuyt vng.)
4) Infinite [adj,n]
/infinit/
= Without ends or limits; boundless; endless; inexhaustible
(V bin; khng gii hn; khng lm cn, lm ht c )
Ex: In our science lesson tomorrow we shall consider whether space is bounded or
infinite.
(Trong bi hc khoa hc ca chng ti vo ngy mai, chng ti s xem xt khng gian
l hu hn hay v cng.)
5) Infinitesimal /[adj,n]
/,infini'tesiml/
= So small as to be almost nothing; immeasurably small; very minute
(Nh v cng; nh khng th o lng c; rt chi tit, rt nh )
Ex: If there is any salt in this soup, it must be infinitesimal. I cant taste it.
(Nu nh c mui trong mn sp ny th hn phi l rt t. Ti khng thy c v g c. )
6) Inflate /[t.verb, v]
/infleit/ = Swell with air or gas; expand; puff up
(Phng ln do khng kh hoc hi; thi lm phng ln )
Ex: Since the football has lost air, we shall need a pump to inflate it.
(V tri banh mt ht hi, chng ti s cn ci bm lm phng n ln.)
7) Inordinate
/in' init/
= Much to great; not keep within reasonable bounds; excessive; immoderate
(Qu ln; khng gi trong gii hn hp l; thi qu; qu )
Ex: Alex kept my book for such an inordinate length of time that I shall never lend
him anything again.
(Alex gi quyn sch ca ti trong mt thi gian qu lu nh th nn ti s khng
bao gi cho hn mn bt c ci g na.)
8) Iota /[n]
/ai'out/
= (Ninth and smallest letter of the Greek alphabet) very small quantity; infinitesimal
amount; bit
(Mu t th chn v nh nht trong mu t Hy Lp ) Khi lng nh; mt ming; mt
mnh nh
Ex: If you make the same mistake again, despite all my warnings, I will not have one
iota of sympathy for you.
(Nu nh anh phm cng mt li lm nh th na mc d ti cnh co vi anh
nhiu ln, ti s khng dnh cho anh mt cht cm tnh no na. )
9) Magnitude /[n]
/'mgnitju /
= Size; greatness; largeness; importance
(Kch thc; s to ln; s rng ln; s quan trng )
Ex: Shopping for clothes can be a small matter for some, but a problem of the greatest
magnitude for others.
(i mua sm qun o c th l vn nh i vi mt s ngi, nhng l mt vn
quan trng ln lao nht i vi k khc.)
1) Puny /adj/
/pju:ni/
= Slight or inferior in size, power, or importance; weak; insignificant
(Kch thc nh hoc thp hn, quyn lc hoc tm quan trng thp hn; yu; khng
ngha; khng ngha l g )
Ex: The skyscraper dwarfs the surrounding buildings. By comparison to it, they seem
puny.
(Ton nh chc tri nh lm cho cc ton nh chung quanh tr nn b nh. So snh
vi to nh chc tri y, chng dng nh nh b.)
2) Superabundance /[n]
/,su r'bndns/
= Great abundance; surplus; excess
(Rt nhiu; tha; thng d; va qu mc )
Ex: Our committee doesnt need any more help. We have a superabundance of
helpers.
(U ban ca chng ti khng cn thm s gip no na. Chng ti c qu nhiu
ngi gip ri.)
12. Weakness
1) Debilitate /[v]
/dibiliteit/ [T tri ngha: invigorate ]
= Impair the strength of; enfeeble; weaken
(Lm gim sc mnh; lm yu i; lm mt sc. )
Ex: The patient had been so debilitated by the fever that he lacked the strength to sit
up.
(Bnh nhn b yu i v cn st n ng ta khng sc ngi dy.)
2) Decadent /[adj,n]
/'dekdnt/
[T tri ngha: Flourishing /'flri/: Hng thnh ]
= Marked by decay or decline; falling off; declining; deteriorating
(Mc nt hoc suy tn; s sp ; s suy tn; lm cho xu i )
Ex: When industry moves away, a flourishing town may quickly become decadent.
(Khi ngnh k ngh di chuyn i ni khc, mt thnh ph ang phn thnh c th
nhanh chng tr nn mt ni suy tn.)
3) Decrepit /[adj]
/dikrepit/
[T tri ngha: Sturdy /'st i/: Vng chc, quyt tm ]
= Broken down or weakened by old age or use; worn out
(Sp hoc lm suy yu do tui gi hoc do s dng; ho mn i )
Ex: Billy Dawes rode past the redcoats on a horse that looked decrepit and about to
collapse.
(Billy Dawes ci mt con nga trng m yu nh mun qu xung i ngang qua
nhng ngi lnh Anh mc o .)
4) Dilapidated [adj]
/di'lpideitid/
= Falling to pieces; decayed; partly ruined or decayed through neglect
(R ra tng mnh; mc nt; mt phn suy tn hoc mc nt v b hoang )
Ex: Up the road was an abandoned farmhouse, partially in ruins, and near it a barn,
even more dilapidated.
(Pha trn con ng l mt nng tri b hoang suy tn mt phn, v gn l mt
nh kho li cng tn t hn.)
5) Enervate /[v]
/'en:veit/
= Lessen the vigor or strength of; weaken; enfeeble
(Lm gim sinh lc hoc sc mnh; lm yu i; lm mt sc )
Ex: Enervate by the heat; we rested under a shady tree until our strength was restored.
(Mt l ngi v hi nng, chng ti ngh di mt gc cy c bong rm cho n khi
kho tr li.)
6) Flimsy [adj]
/flimzi/
= Lacking strength or solidity; frail; unsubstantial
(Thiu sc mnh hoc s rn chc; mnh khnh; khng mnh, khng rn chc )
Ex: Judy understands algebra well, but I have only a flimsy grasp of the subject.
(Judy hiu bit i s tng tn, nhng ti ch c s hiu bit khng vng chc mn
ny.)
7) Frail /[adj]
/freil/
[T tri ngha: robust /rou'bst/: cng trng ]
= Not very strong; weak; fragile
(Khng mnh; yu; mnh mai )
Ex: To be an astronaut, you must be in robust health. It is not an occupation for a frail
person.
( tr thnh mt nh du hnh v tr, bn phi c sc kho cng trng. y khng
phi l mt ngh nghip dnh cho ngi yu ui.)
8) Incapacitate /[t.verb]
/,ink'psiteit/
= Render incapable or unfit; disable
(Lm cho khng kh nng hoc khng thch nghi; lm cho tn tt )
Ex: Ruth will be absent today. She is incapacitated by a sore throat.
(Ruth s vng mt hm nay. C y khng lm vic c v au c hng.)
9) Infirmity
/in'f:miti/
= Weakness; feebleness; frailty
(S yu ui; s mt sc; s mnh mai )
Ex: On leaving the hospital, the patient felt almost too weak to walk, but he soon
overcame this infirmity.
(Khi ri bnh vin, nhng ngi bnh y cm thy hu nh rt yu khng i b c,
nhng khng bao lu ng ta khc phc c s yu ui.)
18. Strength
1) Bulwark /[n]
/'bulwk/
= Wall-like defensive structure; rampart; defense; protection; safeguard
(Cu trc phng th nh bc tng; thnh lu; s phng v; s gi vng an ton yn
n )
Ex: For centuries the British regarded their navy as their principal bulwark against
invasion.
(T nhiu th k nay, ngi Anh xem hi qun ca h l bc tng thnh bo
v chng s xm lng.)
2) Citadel /'sitdl/
= Fortress; stronghold
(Pho i; thnh lu)
Ex: The fortified city of Singapore was once considered unconquerable. In 1942,
however, this citadel fell to the Japanese.
(Thnh ph pho i Singapore c mt thi c xem l khng th chinh phc c.
Tuy nhin vo nm 1942, thnh tr ny b sp i trc s tn cng ca ngi
Nht.)
3) Cogent /[adj]
/'koudnt/
= Forcible; compelling; powerful; convincing
(Vng chc; c sc thuyt phc; thc y mnh m.)
Ex: Excuses for not handing work in on time vary. Some are flimsy, as, for example,
I left it at home. Others are more cogent, such as a physicians note.
(L do khng np bi ng thi hn th c nhiu v a dng. Mt vi trng hp
th kh tin, chng hn nh Ti b qun bi lm nh. Nhng l do khc th c
sc thuyt phc hn chng hn nh ra giy bo ca bc s.)
4) Dynamic /[adj,n]
/dai'nmik/
= Forceful; energetic; active
(Mnh m; y ngh lc; tch cc )
Ex: If you elect Audrey, you may be sure she will present our views forcefully and
energetically. She is a very dynamic speaker.
(Nu bn bu cho Audrey, bn c th chc chn rng c y s trnh by quan im ca
chng ta mnnh m v tch cc. C y l mt din gi rt nng ng.)
5) Formidable /[adj]
/'f:midbl/
= Exciting fear by reason of strength, size, difficulty, etc.; hard to overcome; to be
dreaded
(Lm pht sinh s s hi do sc mnh, kch thc; s kh khn, kh khc phc, s
hi.)
Ex: Our hopes for an easy victory sank when our opponents took the field. They were
much taller and huskier, and they looked formidable.
(Nim hy vng chin thng d dng ca chng ti chm xung khi cc i th ca
chng ti tin ra sn. H to con v mnh m hn nhiu, v h trng tht gh gm.)
6) Forte /[n]
/'f:ti/
= Strong point; that which one does with excellence
(im mnh; im xut sc )
Ex: I am better than Jack in English and social studies but not in math; that is his
forte.
(Ti hn Jack mn ting Anh v cc mn x hi, nhng mn ton th khng. Mn
l s trng ca hn.)
7) Impregnable /[adj]
/im'pregnbl/
= Incapable of being taken by assault; unconquerable; invincible
(Khng th tin cng m thng c; khng th chinh phc c; v ch )
Ex: Before World War II, the French regarded their Maginot Line as an impregnable
bulwark against a German invasion.
(Trc chin tranh th gii th 2, ngi Php coi phng tuyn Magino l thnh tr
khng th chinh phc c i vi cuc xm lng ca c.)
8) Invigorate /[t.verb]
/in'vigreit/
= Give vigor to; fill with life and energy; animate; strengthen
(Mang sinh lc cho; lm cho y sc sng v ngh lc; lm cho sinh ng; lm cho
mnh ln; tng cng )
Ex: If you feel enervated by the heat, try a swim in the cool ocean. It will invigorate
you.
(Nu anh cm thy trong ngi yu i v sc nng, hy th bi trong i dng mt
m. Bin c s tng cng sinh lc cho anh.)
13. Strength
1) Robust /[adj]
/rou'bst/
[T tri ngha: Frail, feeble ]
= Strong and healthy; vigorous; sturdy; sound
(Mnh v y sc kho; mnh m; cng cp; kho mnh; trng kin )
Ex: The lifeguard was in excellent physical condition. I had never seen anyone more
robust.
(Ngi cu h c mt th cht tuyt ho. Ti cha bao gi thy ai cng trng hn.)
2) Tenacious /[adj]
/ti'neis/
= Holding fast or tending to hold fast; not yielding; stubborn; strong
(Gan l; ngoan c; khng nhng b; bng bnh; mnh m )
Ex: After the dog got the ball, I tried to dislodge it from her tenacious jaws, but I
couldnt.
(Sau khi con ch y ly c qu banh, ti c gng git li t hm rng cn cht ca
n, nhng khng ti no ly c.)
3) Vehement /[adj]
/'vi:mnt/
= Showing strong feeling; forceful; violent; furious
(By t cm xc mnh m; mnh; d di; mnh lit )
Ex: Your protest was too mild. If it had been more vehement, the dealer might have
paid attention to it.
(S phn i ca anh th qu n ho. Nu n mnh m hn th ngi thng lng
hn ch n.)
4) Vigor /[n]
/'vig/
= Active strength or force; strength; force; energy
(Sc mnh, tch cc; s cng trng; s mnh m; nng lc )
Ex: The robust young pitcher performed with his usual vigor for seven innings, but he
weakened in the eight and was removed from the game.
(Ngi nm bng tr tui cng trng nm bng vi sc mnh ca anh trong sut
by hip, nhng hip th tm anh nm yu i v b thay th trong trn u.)
14. Neglect
1) Default /[v,n]
/di'f:lt/
= Failure to do something required; neglect; negligence
(Khng th thc hin c mt vic g ; b cuc; s b cuc )
Ex 1: The Royals must be on the playinjg field by 4 p.m. If they do not appear, they
will lose the game by default.
(i Hong Gia phi c mt sn u lc 4 gi chiu. Nu h khng n, h s b
thua v b cuc.)
= Fail to pay or appear when due
(Khng th tr tin c hoc khng hin din lc cn )
Ex 2: The finance company took away Mr. Lees car when he defaulted on the
payments.
(Cng ty ti chnh ly xe ca ng Lee khi ng khng th tr c khon tin
mua.)
2) Heedless /[adj]
/hi lis/
[T tri ngha: heedful, attentive]
= Not taking heed; inattentive; careless; thoughtless; unmindful; reckless
(Khng ch ; khng ; v v t; khng ch tm vo; u t )
Ex: Before his injury, Mike used to jump from the stairs, heedless of No Jumping
sign. Now he pays attention to it.
(Trc khi b thng, Mike vn thng nhy xung t trn cu thang, khng ch
n bng ghi: Cm Nhy. By gi th n ri.)
3) Ignore/ [v]
/ig'n:/
[T tri ngha: heed]
= Refuse to take notice of; disregard; overlook
(Khng thm ch ; khng quan tm; b qua )
Ex: The motorist was given a ticket for ignoring a stop sign.
(Ngi li xe y b pht v khng quan tm n bng yu cu dng li.)
4) Inadvertent /[adj]
/,ind'v:tnt/
= (Used to describe blunders, mistakes, etc., rather than people) heedless; thoughtless;
careless
(Dng miu t nhng s sai lm ln lao, nhng li lm hn l con ngi ) v v
t; cu th; khng cn thn
Ex: Unfortunately, I made an inadvertent remark about Irmas failure while she was
present.
(Tht l khng may, ti v ph bnh s tht bi ca Irma trong khi c ta c mt.)
5) Neglect /[v,n]
/niglekt/
= Give little or no attention to; leave undone; disregard
(t hoc khng ch n; xao lng - th khng lm; khng quan tm )
Ex 1: Some of the students in the play neglected their studies during rehearsals, but
after the performance they caught up quickly.
(Mt vi sinh vin trong v kch xao nhng vic nghin cu hc tp vai din trong
lc tp dt nhng sau khi trnh din h bt kp mt cch nhanh chng.)
= Lack of proper care or attention; disregard; negligence
(Thiu s ch hoc lu tm ng mc; khng ch ; b tr, b ph )
Ex 1: For leaving his post, the guard was charged with neglect of duty.
(Do ri b v tr, ngi lnh gc b buc ti xao lng nhim v.)
6) Remiss [adj]
/rimis/
[T tri ngha: Scrupulous]
= Negligent; careless; lax
(B tr; khng cn thn; khng quan tm; xao lng; bing tr )
Ex: The owner of the stolen car was himself remiss. He left the keys in the vehicle.
(Chnh ngi ch ca chic xe b nh cp khng cn thn. ng ta b qun
cha kho trong xe.)
7) Slovenly /[adj]
/'slvnli/
[T tri ngha: neat; tidy]
= negligent of neatness or order in ones dress, habits, work, etc.; slipshod; sloppy
(Nhch nhc li thi trong y phc, trong thi quen, trong cng vic, ; lum thum;
khng cn thn )
Ex: You would not expect anyone so neat in her personal appearance to be slovenly in
her housekeeping.
(Bn ng hng ngh rng mt ph n no rt gn gh trong y phc, din mo c
nhn m li b tr nhch nhc trong cng vic gia nh.)
15. Care
1) Discreet /[adj]
/diskri:t/
[T tri ngha: indiscreet]
= Showing good judgment in speech and action; wisely cautious
(C phn on tt trong li ni v hnh ng; cn thn mt cch khn ngoan )
Ex: You were discreet not to say anything about our plans when Harry was here. He
cant keep a secret.
(Bn cn thn ng ni bt c iu g v k hoch ca chng ta khi Harry c mt
ni y. Hn khng th gi b mt c u.)
2) Heed /[n,t.verb]
/hi /
= Take notice of; give careful attention to; mind
(Lu n; ch cn thn n; lu tm )
Ex: Our teacher said that we might have a test, but I didnt heed her. Thats why I was
unprepared.
(C gio chng ti ni rng c l chng ti s thi mt bi trc nghim, nhng ti
khng lu n c ta. l l do ti sao ti khng c chun b.)
3) Meticulous /[adj]
/mi'tikjuls/
= Extremely or excessively careful about small details; fussy
(Cc k hoc rt cn thn v nhng chi tit nh; cu k, kiu cch v ch n chi tit
nh )
Ex: Before signing a contract, one should read it carefully, including the fine print.
This is one case where it pays to be meticulous.
(Trc khi k hp ng, ngi ta phi c cn thn hp ng bao gm c nhng iu khon c in
bng ch nh. y l mt trng hp m s ch chi li s b ra c li. )
4) Scrupulous /[adj]
/'skru juls/
[T tri ngha: Unscrupulous, remiss]
= Having painstaking regard for what is right; conscientious; strict; precise
(Rt quan tm n nhng g l phi l ng; c lng tri, lng tm; cht ch; chnh
xc, nghim ngt )
Ex: Mr. Brooks refused to be a judge because his wifes niece is a contestant. He is
very scrupulous.
(ng Brooks t chi ng vai ngi thm nh bi v chu gi v ng l mt ngi
d tranh. ng l mt ngi rt nghim ngt.)
5) Scrutinize /[t.verb]
/skru:tinaiz/
= Examine closely; inspect
(Xem xt cn thn; khm xt )
Ex: The guard at the gate scrutinized Harveys pass before letting him in, but he just
glanced at mine.
(Ngi gc cng xem xt cn thn giy php cho vo ca Harvey trc khi cho
hn vo, nhng ng ta ch lic qua giy cho php ca ti.)
6) Solicitude /[n]
/s'lisitju /
= Anxious or excessive care; concern; anxiety
(Lo u hoc qu cn thn; s lo u; lo lng )
Ex: My brothers solicitude over getting into college ended when he received word
that he had been accepted.
(Nim lo u ca em trai ti v vic c vo i hc chm dt khi n c giy
bo rng n c chp nhn.)
7) Vigilance /[n]
/'vidilns/
= Alert watchfulness to discover and a void danger; alertness; caution; watchfulness
(S cnh gic nhanh chng pht hin v trnh c nguy him; s bo ng; s
cn thn; phng theo di )
Ex: The night watchman who apprehended the thief was praised for his vigilance.
(Ngi gc m canh chng trm cp c khen l rt cnh gic.)
8) Wary /[adj]
/'weri/
[T tri ngha: Foolhardy]
= On ones guard against danger, deception, etc.; cautious; vigilant
(Cn thn phng nguy him, la gt ; cn thn; cnh gic )
Ex: General Braddock might not have been defeated if he had been wary of an
ambush.
(i tng Braddock c l khng b nh bi nu nh ng y cnh gic i vi
cuc phc kch.)
1) Adequate /[adj]
/'dikwit/
= Sufficient, enough
( )
Ex 1: I have no adequate money to pay for the tuition of this semester. Part time job
can help me solve this problem, so I cannot quit it.
(T khng c tin tr hc ph cho hc k ny. Cng vic ngoi gi c th gip
t gii quyt v ny v vy m khng b c.)
= Appropriate, suitable
(Tng ng, thch hp )
Ex 2: Write down a letter A, B, C, or D into adequate blank.
(n A, B, C, hoc D vo ch trng thch hp )
3) Mandatory /[adj]
/'mndtri/
= Obligatory, compulsory, required
(Bt buc, p buc )
Ex: Primary education is mandatory program.
(Gio dc bc tiu hc l mt chng trnh mang tnh bt buc.)
4) Heading in /[v]
= Coming
(p ti )
Ex: A strong storm is heading in into our city.
(Cn bo ang p n thnh ph ca chng ta.)
5) Harp /[n]
/ha /
= Ci n hc (Dng c m nhc )
Ex: We need one more instrumentalist for our band. Can you play the harp?
(Chng ti cn thm mt nhc cng cho bang nhc ca chng ti. Bn chi n hc
c khng?)
6) Cab /[n]
/kb/
= Taxi
Ex: Hurry up! The cab driver is waiting. You let him wait about a half hour already.
(Nhanh ln coi! ng ti x taxi ang ch ka. Em ng ch chc cng c na ting
ng h ri .)
7) Recital / [n]
/risaitl/
= Performance
(Bui trnh din )
Ex: Yesterday, I went to the Music recital at City theatre.
(Hm qua ti i xem bui trnh din m nhc ti nh ht thnh ph.)
8) Defendant /[n]
/di'fendnt/
= Accused
(B co )
Ex: The judge called the defendant a murderer.
(To n phn b co l k git ngi.)
9) Infuriated /[adj]
/in'fjurieitid/
= Angry, furious
(Tc gin, ni in ln )
Ex: My teacher was infuriated with Jack, a boisterous student in my class.
(Gio vin ca ti pht in ln vi Jack, mt cu hc tr ph phch ca lp ti.)
(G, 19)
(G, 20)
(G, 26)
2) Evaporate // (verb)
= Bay hi, lm bay hi
Ex: (T in ) Heat evaporates water into stream.
(Nhit lm nc bc hi.)
3) Volatile // (adjective)
= D bay hi
Ex: Camphor is a volatile substance. In a normal atmosphere pressure, changes solid
into gas.[Cu ny t by b ch khng bit ng sai. Ch ci: a normal atmosphere pressure]
(Long no l mt loi vt cht d bay hi. Trong iu kin bnh thng ca p sut
khng kh, long no chuyn t th rn sang th kh.)
4) Pollen //
= (Noun) Anther-dust
(Phn hoa)
Ex: Pollen is tiny durst located on a stamen of a flower.
(Phn hoa l nhng ht bi nh trn nh ca mt bng hoa.)
6) Smith // (noun)
= Blacksmith, blacksmithing
(Th rn )
Ex: Hephaistos, who is a weapon smith on Olymper peak, is Zeus and Heras son.
(Hephaistos, ngi th rn v kh trn nh Olymper, l con trai ca thn Zeus v
Hera.)
Fierce // (adjective)
= Ferocious, cruel
(D tn, hung c ) [Cruel cn c ngha: him ngho, tn khc, thm khc ]
Ex: We will never have a life of comfort with such a fierce king and a wretched
dynasty.
(Chng ta s khng bao gi c mt cuc sng m no vi mt v vua tn bo v mt
triu i c hn nh th ny c.)
9) Wretched // (adjective)
= Pathetic
(Bt hnh, thm hi, ti t )
Ex: Estiban: Do you like that restaurant? Cody: Well, the service is good but the
food is really wretched.
(Estiban: Bn c thch ci nh hng khng? Cody: th, phong cch phc v
th kh tt nhng thc n th cc k ti.)
= Severe, harsh
(Khc nghit )
Ex: Even though deserts have rigorous climate, many kinds of animals and plants
consider those place wonderful residences.
(Mc d sa mc c kh hu khc nghit, nhiu loi ng vt v thc vt xem nhng
ni y nh mt ni tuyt vi ca mnh.)
5) Vertebrate / 'v:tibreit/
= (noun) Animals having a bony with segmented spinal column and large brain
enclosed in a skull or cranium.
(Loi ng vt c nhiu xng vi t sng dc v mt ci no ln c bao bc bi
hp s )
Ex: A jellyfish is not a vertebrate.
(Sa khng phi l loi ng vt c xng sng.)
= (adjective) Having a backbone or spinal column
(C xng sng )
Ex: Fish are vertebrate animal.
(C l loi ng vt c xng sng.)
(R, T 2, page 4)
(R, T 4)
2) Extract /
'ekstrkt - iks'trkt/ (verb)
= Remove
(chit, nh, rt ra )
Ex: Zack: That a dentist extracted my broken tooth makes me feel pain the whole
week.
(Zack: Vic m ng bc s nh ci rng ca anh lm cho anh au c tun l nay ri
n.
3) Scorching / 'sk:ti/ (adjective)
= Burning
(Nng bng, nng nh thiu nh t )
Ex: That guy always wears that sweater even in scorching days.
(Thng cha lc no cng bn ci o ln y thm ch l vo nhng ngy nng bc
nht.)
(R S12, 7)
16. RESIDENCE
( hoc n nc ngai )
Ex: After living abroad for a time, Robert Browning became homesick for his native
land.
(Sau khi sng nc ngai mt thi gian, Robert Browning cm thy nh qu hng.)
Ex: On their safari, the hunters stalked lions, tigers, and other ferocious denizens of the
jungle.
(Trong chuyn i sn, nhng ngi i sn ui theo nhng con s t, cp v nhng con
th d ng trong rng su.)
Ex: The announcement read: The Coopers have moved and invite you to visit them at
their new domicile, 22 Apple Street.
Ex: When the warden took charge, the prison had fewer than 100 inmates.
(Khi vin coi nh lao y n ph trch, nh t c khng ti 100 bn t.)
Ex: Because they were persecuted in England, the Puritans migrated to Holland.
7) Native /neitiv/
Ex: The entire Russo family are natives of New Jersey except the grandparents, who
were born in Italy.
(Tt c gia nh Russo l ngi [gc] New Jersey ngai tr ng b c sinh trng ti
.)
Ex: Tobacco, potatoes, and tomatoes are native American plants that were introduced
into Europe by explorers returning from the New World.
(Thuc l, khoai ty v c chua l nhng cy gc gc ti M c du nhp vo chu
u bi nhng ngi i thm him tr v t Tn th gii.)
= Member of a tribe that has no fixed abode but wanders from place to place; wanderer
Ex: Nomads have no fixed homes but move from region to region to secure their food
supply.
Ex: Would you like to give up your permanent residence for the nomadic adventures of
trailer living?
= Temporary stay
(Dng li tm thi )
Ex: On his trip home, Gerald will stop in St. Louis for a two-day sojourn with relatives.
(Trn chuyn i v nh, Gerald s dng li St. Louis hai ngy tm thi vi cc b con.)
17. DISOBEDIENCE
(T chi vng li cp c thm quyn, c khuy hng chng i; tnh trng chng i; s
thch thc )
Ex: The union showed defiance of the court order against a strike by calling the workers
off their jobs.
Ex: Parking at the bus stop is illegal. Motorists committing this infraction are heavily
fined.
(Khng vng phc nh cm quyn; khng vng li; hay ni lan; chng i )
Ex: Do as mother says. If you are insubordinate, father will probable hear of it.
(Hy lm nh m bo. Nu con khng vng li, c l cha s nghe thy y.)
14) Insurgent / in's nt/ (noun)
= Rebel
(Ngi ni lan )
Ex: When the revolt broke out, the government ordered its troops to arrest the
insurgents.
(Khi cuc ni lan bc pht, chnh ph ra lnh cho qun i bt nhng ngi ni dy.)
Ex: Troops had to be used in 1794 to put down an insurrection in Pennsylvania known
as the Whisky Rebellion.
Ex: The work stoppage was caused by a few malcontents who felt they had been ignored
when the promotions were made.
Ex: Though I had carefully explained the shorter route to him, the perverse youngster
came by the longer way.
(Mc d ti gii thch cn thn con ng ngn hn cho hn, nhng ci anh chng trai
tr y vn i con ng di hn.) [Ci chng trai tr mang ngha trch mc. ni ri
m khng chu nghe, vn c ngoan c ]
(Li ni, bi vit hoc hnh ng tm cch lt mt chnh ph; hat ng khuynh o,
lt )
Ex: The author of the pamphlet advocating the overthrow of the government was arrested
for sedition.
Ex: Ronalds previous record showed he had been an obedient student and had never
transgressed school regulations.
(Hc b trc y ca Ronald cho thy rng anh y l mt hc sinh ngoan ngan v
khng bao gi phm ni quy trng hc.)
18. OBEDIENCE
([c dng vi IN] chp nhn bng cch yn lng; chp nhn lng l; tun th )
Ex: Every school day, millions of children pledge allegiance to the flag of the United
States of America and to the republic for which is stands.
(Giao cho do knh trng, do uy quyn, do lch s; tun phc mt cch l php )
Ex: Husbands as a rule do not decide on the colors of home furnishings but defer to
their wives in these matters.
Ex: Mr. Walker, who had been told that he was getting a disciplined class, was
surprised to find it unruly.
Ex: Only two of the girls protested when they were ordered off the filed. The rest were
too meek to complain.
Ex: We tried to get Joe to change his mind, but he was not pliable. Perhaps you can
influence him.
(Tun theo mun ngi khc; tun phc quyn hnh hoc quyn lc; nhng b;
u hng )
Ex: Though he boasted he would never be taken alive, the outlaw submitted without a
struggle when the police arrived.
Ex: For his cabinet, the dictator wanted tractable men. Therefore, he appointed no
one whom he could not control.
19. TIME
Ex: Carls sore arm is not a new development but the return of a chronic ailment.
= Having a characteristic, habit, disease, etc. , for a long time; confirmed; habitual
(Khi cuc nh cng thu xp th c l c gia tng lng bng v ng thi gi c cng
gia tng.)
Ex: My sister dawdles over the dishes. Mother gets them done without wasting time.
Ex: By the sudden darkening of the skies and the thunder in the distance, we could tell
that rain was imminent.
Ex: There were intervals when the sun broke through the clouds, because the showers
were intermittent.
(Ko di v tn; khng ngng; lu di; vnh vin; thng xuyn; trng cu; mi mi
)
Ex: Dont think that war has plagued only our times. It has been a perennial curse of
man.
(Bn ng ngh rng chin tranh ch gy tai ha cho thi i ca chng ta. N l
nguyn nhn tai ha vnh cu ca con ngi )
= Put off things that should be done until later; defer; postpone
Ex: Most of the picnickers took cover when rain seemed imminent. The few that
procrastinated got drenched.
(Ko di; ko di thi gian; ko di; tip tc; ni ra, ko di thm mt cht )
Ex: We had planned to stay only for lunch but at our hosts insistence, we protracted
our visit until after dinner.
(Xut hin ri rc, thnh thang tng lc; tch bit; khng thng xuyn )
Ex: Though polio has been practically wiped out, there have been sporadic cases of
the disease.
20. NECESSITY
(Lut php bang quy nh vic hc c tnh cch cng bch, bt buc i vi tr em
n mt s tui no .)
Ex: Can your family afford the extra expense that a larger apartment entails?
(Phn quan trng hoc cn thit nht, kha cnh hoc tnh cht thit yu; tnh cht nn
tng; ct li )
Ex: The union and management held a lengthy meeting with out getting to the essence
of the mens dissatisfaction low wages.
(Khng cn n, khng c l do xc ng )
Ex: Were it not for your gratuitous interference, the children would have quickly
settled their dispute.
(Nu khng c s can thip khng cn n ca anh, nhng a tr nhanh chng
gii quyt c vic tranh chp ca chng ri.)
Ex: If you have failed a subject you need for graduation, it is imperative that you go
to summer schools.
Ex: Dan felt it incumbent on him to pay for the window, since he had hit the ball that
broke it.
Ex: If your friend were in trouble, wouldnt you feel obliged to go his help.
Ex: Karen has agreed to lend me a book I need. This obviates my trip to the library.
Ex: Before preparing for tomorrows party, I have some more pressing matters to
attend to, such as finishing my report.
Ex: Since we already have enough food for the picnic, please dont bring any because
it will only be superfluous.
(Bi v chng ti c thc phm cho bui picnic; xin ng mang thm g na v
n s tha thi.)
(Week 2)
Ex: When we visited Washington D.C, Congress was not in session, it had adjourned
for the Thanks giving weekend.
Ex: The only one to solve the riddle before the 5 minutes were up was Joel, he is a
very astute thinker.
(Ngi duy nht gii c bi tan trc khi 5 pht chm dt l Joel, anh ta l
ngi suy ngh tinh khn.)
Ex: Cathy was about to reach for a third slice of cake but was stopped by a look of
censure in mothers eyes.
= Unload
(Bc/ d xung )
Ex: After discharging her cargo, the ship will go into a dry dock for repairs.
Ex: The only equitable way for the three partners to share the $ 60 profit is for each to
receive $ 20.
(Cch duy nht cng bng cho c 3 l chia ci li nhun 60 la thnh 20 cho mi
ngi.)
IELTS VOCABULARY WEEK 27
L THUYT
TIP U NG T HOC T CN T MI
Fore (= Trc ) + SEE => Foresee (= Thy
trc) Tin an
Dis (= Ri ) + SECT (= Ct ) => Dissect (= Ct ri ra )
Hyper (= Qu ) + CRITICAL => Critical (= Ph bnh
qu mc ) Ch trch, bi
mc
Dch ngha:
2. When you have a foreboding, you feel that something _____ is going to happen.
Dch ngha:
Dch ngha:
(A) Hai nghi v nghi ng (B)S v k (C) Xut lng gia tng
Dch ngha:
T tin ng b ch yu gn lin vi qu kh
(A) Hin ti (B) Qu kh (C) Tng lai
Dch ngha:
Nhng tip u ng hc c qua Trc Nghim S Khi: FORE-; MIS-; OUT- v OVER- .
VOCABULARY WEEK 27
(Page 266 27
= (Literally, front part of the arm Part of the arm from the wrist to the elbow.
[(Ngha en: Phn trc ca cnh tay , phn tay t c tay n ci ch -> cnh tay
ngai ]
Ex: Henry protected his face from Georges blows by raising his forearms.
Ex: The day before the accident, I had a foreboding that something would go wrong.
[(Ngha en: Phn pha trc ca mt trn ni hoc b phn pha trc nht;
qun tin phong -> hng u, tuyn u.)]
Ex: In combat the officer was always in the forefront of the attack, leading his men
on to victory.
(i trc )
Ex: Carefully review the foregoing chapter before reading any further.
(ng hng u; u tin tin tin nht; dn u; chnh yu; quan trng nht )
Ex: Did you know that Benjamin Franklin was one of the foremost inventors of the
eighteenth century?
(Bn c bit Benjamin Franklin l mt trong nhng nh pht minh quan trng nht
ca th k 18?)
Foreshadow / f:'dou/ (t. verb)
= Indicate beforehand
(Vic thua trong trn u ginh chc v ch c tin bo trc khi hai cu th
ni bt ca chng ti b thng trong trn u trc.)
Ex: People thought the earth was flat until Columbus corrected that misbelief.
(Ngi ta tin rng qu t th dp cho n khi Columbus nh chnh nim tin sai lc
y.)
Ex: The wrongdoer was punished for his misdeed by a fine and imprisonment.
(K lm quy b trng pht cho hnh vi c c ca mnh bng pht tin hoc pht t.)
(Cm thy lo u; cm thy ng vc hoc nghi ng; c im khng may; thiu tin
tng )
Ex: Dad has no misgivings when Mother takes the wheel, because she is an excellent
driver.
Ex: When the monitor gave too many orders, the teacher scolded him for being
overbearing.
(Khi anh trng lp ra qu nhiu mnh lnh, thy gio mng anh l hng hch.)
(Lng thuc vt qu liu cn ung trong mt ln hoc trong mt khang thi gian;
mt liu qu ln )
Ex: Do not take more of the medicine than the doctor ordered; an overdose may be
dangerous.
= To make too high an estimate (rough calculation) of the worth or size of something
or someone; overvalue
Ex: Joe overestimate the capacity of the bus when he thought it could hold 60; it has
room for only 48.
(Joe c lng sc cha ca chic xe bus qu cao khi anh ta ngh rng n c th
ch n 60; n ch ch cho 48 ngi thi.)
(Chng ti thiu nhng chuyn gia c k nng nhng qu tha cng nhn khng
chuyn mn.)
Ex: The department store guards were nearly overwhelmed by the crowds of shoppers
waiting for the sale to begin.
Lm th nha:
3. Grow to excess => Ch excess c ngha l qu mc -> Dng tin t over - => Over grow
=> p n ng: Outgrown = qu ln, ln vt mc
Cn nguyn tc khi no dng out- khi no dng over- ca t mang ngha: qu, hn, :
Out-:
- Surpassing (adjective): Vt hn, tri hn
- Exceeding (adjective): Vt tri, qu chng
- External (adjective): bn ngai
- Away from (adverb): Xa
Over-:
- Excessively (adverb): Qu chng, qu ng
- Completely (adverb): Han tan, trn vn
- Upper (adjective): Cao hn
- Outer (adjective): pha ngoi
- Above (adverb): trn, pha trn.
Exercise 6: In the space provided, write the letter of the word not related in meaning to the other
words in each line.
1. (A) Ancestor (B) Forefather (C) Descendant (D) Forebear
Meaning: (A) ng b (B) T ph (C) Con chu (D) T tin
WEEK 28
(Page 290)
PRETEST 2
4. When you wish to _____ something in your composition, you may underscore it.
(A) Stress (B) Correct (C) Erase
Dch ngha: Khi bn mun nhn mnh mt iu g trong bi lun ca bn, bn c th gch
di iu .
(A) Nhn mnh (B) ng (C) Xa i
5) Withholding tax // ()
= Sum withheld or deducted from wages for tax purposes
(Thu khu lu, khu tr vo lng bng )
Ex: Your employer is required to deduct a certain amount from your salary as a
withholding tax payable to the federal government.
(Ch nhn cu anh c yu cu khu tr mt khon tin t s lng cu anh np
thu khu lu cho chnh ph lin bang.)
6) Withstand // ()
= Stand up against; hold out; resist; endure
(ng ln chng li; chu ng; khng; chu ng )
Ex: The walls of a dam must be strong enough to withstand tremendous water
pressure.
(Nhng bc tng cu p nc phi mnh chu ng c p lc nc khng
khip.)
7) Notwithstanding // ()
= (Literally, not standing against in spite of; despite
[(Nghi en khng ng ra chng li mc d ]
Ex: Notwithstanding their advantage of height, the visiting players were unable to beat
our basketball team.
(Mc d h c li th v chiu cao, cc u th cu i khch cng khng th nh
bi i bng r cu chng ti.)
P DNG NHNG G HC
IELTS VOCABULARY WEEK 30
5) Withholding tax // ()
= Sum withheld or deducted from wages for tax purposes
(Thu khu lu, khu tr vo lng bng )
Ex: Your employer is required to deduct a certain amount from your salary as a
withholding tax payable to the federal government.
(Ch nhn cu anh c yu cu khu tr mt khon tin t s lng cu anh np
thu khu lu cho chnh ph lin bang.)
6) Withstand // ()
= Stand up against; hold out; resist; endure
(ng ln chng li; chu ng; khng; chu ng )
Ex: The walls of a dam must be strong enough to withstand tremendous water
pressure.
(Nhng bc tng cu p nc phi mnh chu ng c p lc nc khng
khip.)
7) Notwithstanding // ()
= (Literally, not standing against in spite of; despite
[(Nghi en khng ng ra chng li mc d ]
Ex: Notwithstanding their advantage of height, the visiting players were unable to beat
our basketball team.
(Mc d h c li th v chiu cao, cc u th cu i khch cng khng th nh
bi i bng r cu chng ti.)
P DNG NHNG G HC
Exercise 13/ page 306: Change each of the following expressions to a single word
begining with un-, under-, up-, or with-
Un- : not, lack of, do the opposite of, remove or release from
Under- : beneath, lower, insufficient(ly)
Up- : up, upward
With- : back, away, against
P N (n t c + hc t mi )
(Page 314)
3. ANTE-: before
4. POST-: after
5. BI-: two
6. SEMI-: half, partly
= 2. Rebellious
(Ni lon; dy lon; khi nghi )
Ex: General Washington led the insurgent forces in the Revolutionary War.
(i tng Washington cm u lc lng khi ngnh trong cuc chin tranh Cch
mng.)
9. EXTRA-: outside
10. INTRA-: within
14) Con / kn/ (t. verb) - Vit tt cu CONTRA [T tri nghi: Pro ]
= 1. Against; on the negative side
(Chng; v mt tiu cc )
Ex: Are you on the pro or con side of this argument?
(Anh ng v phi thun hay chng li lp lun ny.)
13) Inaccessible // ()
= Not accessible; not able to be reached; hard to get to
(Khng th n c; khng th i n c; kh n c )
Ex: For most of the year, the Eskimo settlements in northern Quebec are inaccessible,
except by air.
(Hu nh quanh nm, khu c dn Eskimo phi bc Quebec th khng th n c,
ngoi tr bng my bay.)
Page 382
P DNG NHNG IU HC
Exercise 24: In the space before each Latin prefix in column I, write the letter of its
correct meaning in column II.
Column I Column II
_____ 1. MAL, MALE (A) Opposite of, differently, apart, away
_____ 2. SE (B) Not, un-
_____ 3. BENE (C) Down, down from, opposite of
_____ 4. DIS (D) Apart
_____ 5. DE (E) Good, well
_____ 6. IN, IL, IM, IR (F) Evil, ill, bad, badly
P DNG NHNG IU HC
Exercise 24: In the space before each Latin prefix in column I, write the letter of its
correct meaning in column II.
Column I Column II
_____ 1. MAL, MALE (A) Opposite of, differently, apart, away
_____ 2. SE (B) Not, un-
_____ 3. BENE (C) Down, down from, opposite of
_____ 4. DIS (D) Apart
_____ 5. DE (E) Good, well
_____ 6. IN, IL, IM, IR (F) Evil, ill, bad, badly
Exercise 25: Fill in the prefix in column I and the complete word in column III
Column I Column II Column III
1. _____ + VOLENT = _____
ill Wishing Wishing ill; spiteful
2. _____ + LITERATE = _____
Not Able to read and write Unable to read and
write
3. _____ + VOUR = _____
Down Gulp Eat greedily
4. _____ + CURE = _____
Apart Care Apart (free) from care
5. _____ + SOLUBLE = _____
Not Capable of being solved Incapable of being
solved
6. _____ + SPISE = _____
Down Look Look down on; scorn
7. _____ + DICTION = _____
Good Saying Blessing
8. _____ + LEGIBLE = _____
Not Able to be read Not able to read
9. _____ + INTEGRATE = _____
Opposite of Make into a whole Break into bits
10. _____ + FACTOR = _____
Evil One who does Evildoer
11. _____ + MACULATE = _____
Not Spotted Unspotted; absolutely
clean
12. _____ + CREDIT = _____
Opposite of Believe Do opposite of believe;
refuse to trust
13. _____ + MOTE = _____
Down Move Move down in rank
14. _____ + PUNITY = _____
Not Punishment Freedom from
punishment
15. _____ + SENT = _____
Differently Feel Feel differently;
disagree
16. _____ + NUTRITION = _____
Bad Nourishment Poor nourishment
17. _____ + RELEVANT = _____
Not Applicable Not applicable;
extraneous
18. _____ + CEDE = _____
Apart Go Go apart; withdraw;
from an organization
19. _____ + CADENT = _____
Down Falling Falling down;
deteriorating
20. _____ + MATURE = _____
Not Fully grown Not fully grown
IELTS VOCABULARY WEEK 38
18. SE-: apart
= 2. Limit; restrict
(Gii hn, hn ch )
Ex: The patient was placed on a very circumscribed diet; he was forbidden to have
coffee, spices, or raw fruits or vegetables.
(Bnh nhn c t trong tnh trng n king rt hn ch; ng ta b cm khng
c dng c ph, cc loi gia v, hoc cc tri cy ti v rau ci.)
P DNG NHNG G HC
Exercise 35: In the space before each Latin prefix in column I, write the letter of its
correct meaning in column II.
Column I Column II
_____ 1. Per- (A) Together, with
_____ 2. Ob- (B) Through, to the end, thoroughly
_____ 3. Circum- (C) Forward, forth
_____ 4. Pro- (D) Before, beforehand, fore-
_____ 5. Con-, co-, col-, cor- (E) Around, round
_____ 6. Pre- (F) Against, in the way, over
p n: 1 B 2F 3E 4C 5A 6D
Exercise 36: Fill in the prefix in column I and the complete word in column III.
p n:
I) TH NO L MT T CN?
- T cn l mt t hoc mt thnh t c bn m t cc t khc c dn xut.
V d: KIND l t cn bn cu unKIND, KINDness, v KINDly
- T cn l mt b phn cu mt t cn li sau khi bn ct b i phn thm vo.
V d: nh trng hp trn: un-, -ness, -ly l phn thm vo. Sau khi b nhng
tip u ng hoc tip v ng ny s cn li t cn (t gc )
- i khi mt t cn c nhiu hnh thc, nh trong cc t ENJOY, REJOICE,
JOYOUS v ENJOYABLE. y t cn cu cc t y l JOY hoc JOI
= One who performs rather poorly; inexperienced person [T tri nghi: Expert]
Ex: When it comes to baking a cake, my mother is the expert; Im only an amateur.
(Khi ni v lm bnh th m ti l mt chuyn gia; cn ti ch l mt ti t - mt
ngi nghip d.)
(Gim th nh lao tin rng vic tch ly nhng k phm ti u tin vi nhng phm
ti dy dn l cn thit.)
8. LATERAL: side
9. LITERA: letter
= (Literally, take from the hand or power of another ) Release from bondage; set
free; liberate
(Ngha en: ly t tay hoc quyn lc k khc ) Gii phng khi s n l; cho t do;
tr t do.
Ex: The washing machine has emancipated housewives from a great deal of
drudgery.
(Chic my git gii phng cc b ni tr khi nhiu cng vic nng nhc.)
2. Until (preposition)
(Cho n )
Ex: Barbara agreed to conduct the meeting pending the election of a permanent
chairman.
(Barbara ng iu khin bui hp cho n khi bu xong v ch tch thng trc.)
3) Desolate / 'deslit/
= 1. Make lonely, deprive of inhabitants; lay waste (t. verb)
(Lm cho tr tri; lm mt ht dn c tr; b khng )
Ex: After the war, the villagers hope to return to their desolated homes.
(Sau chin tranh, dn lng hy vng tr v nhng ngi nh hoang vng tiu u ca
h.)
P DNG NHNG G HC
P DNG NHNG G HC
Exercise/ page 486: In the space before each Latin root in column I, write the letter of
its definition in column II.
1. SOL, SOLI A. Hang
2. MAN, MANU B. See, look, sight
3. PEND, PENS C. Put
4. SOLVE, SOLU, SOLUT D. Write
5. UND, UNDA E. Alone, lonely, single
6. VER, VERA, VERI F. Similar, like, same
7. SCRIB, SCRIPT G. Wave, flow
8. VID, VIS H. Hand
9. SIMIL, SIMUL I. True, truth
10. PON, POS J. Loosen
p n:
1-E 2-H 3-A 4-J 5-G 6-I 7-D 8-B 9-F 10-C
Exercise/ page 487: Fill in the prefix in column I, the root in column II and the
missing letters of the word in column III. Each blank stands for one missing letter.
p n:
1. Dissolved = Lm tan, ha tan
2. Invisible = Khng th nhn thy
3. Imposed = p t, gy ra
4. Dissolution = S gii tn; phn r; s ha tan
5. Redundant = Vt qu s cn thit; d tha
6. Prescribed = Quy nh tr liu
7. Revising = Xem li v sa cha; hiu nh
8. Inundate = Trn ngp
9. Subscriber = Ngi k tn pha di vn kin; ngi t mua
10. Deposed = B trut ph; b cch chc
Week 50
M RNG VN T QUA CC T T HY LP
I) Why study Greek word elements?
[Dch: Mc tiu n v hc bi ny
Chng ny nhm mc ch m rng vn t vng ca bn bng cch lm cho
bn quen thuc vi 20 t t Hy Lp. V mt s t ting Anh pht xut t chng.
Khi bn nghin cu mi mt nhm t, bn hy ch c bit nh ngha ca
t t hu bn c th s nhn ra chng trong cc t dn xut.]
2. CRACY: government
6) Aristocracy / ,ris'tkrsi/ (noun)
2. CRACY: Government
7. PED: a tr
Exercise 11 (page 526): In the space before each Greek word element column I, write
the letter of its correct meaning in column II
Column I Column II
1. ORTHO (A) Child
Thng, ng
2. MANIAC (B) All; complete
Ngi in
3. GEN, GENO, GENEA (C) Madness; insane impulse;
Chng; lai; s sinh sn craze
4. CHRON, CHRONO (D) Straight; correct
Thi gian
5. CRAT (E)Government
Ngi ch trng mt hnh thi
cai tr
6. AUT, AUTO (F) Race; kind; birth
Mt mnh, bi mt mnh
7. METER, METR (G) People
o lng
8. PAN, PANTO (H) Advocate of a type of
Tt c, tan th government
9. MANIA (I) Measure
in, ng lc in, ri di
10. CRACY (J) Self
Chnh quyn cai tr
11. PED (K) Time
a tr
12. DEM, DEMO (L) Person affected by an insane
Dn chng impulse
Answer:
1-D 2-L 3-F 4-K 5-H 6-J 7-I 8-B 9-C 10-E 11-A 12-G
Exercise 12 (page 527): Fill in the missing letters of the word at the right. Each dash
stands for one missing letter.
DEFINITION WORD
1. Arranged in order of time _____LOGICAL
2. Technique of making a process self- _____MATION
operating
3. Instrument for measuring BARO_____
atmospheric Pressure
4. Remedy for all ills ___ACEA
5. Differing in kind HETERO___EOUS
6. Person affected by an insane PYRO_____
impulse to set fires
7. Government by small privileged ARISTO____
upper class
8. Dentist specializing in straightening _____DONTIST
teeth
9. Teacher of children _____AGOGUE
10. Self-governing _____NOMOUS
11. Correspondence in shape, size,
measurements, etc.
p n: ANSWER
Chronological
Automation
Barometer
Panacea
Heterogeneous
Pyromaniac
Aristocracy
Orthodontist
Pedagogue
Autonomous
IELTS VOCABULARY WEEK 59
13. DERM, DERMATO: skin
(T cng mt mu t )
= (Literally, map writer ) person skilled in cartography, the science or art of map
making
Ex: Ancient cartographers did not know of the existence of the Western Hemisphere.
Ex: Military leaders, diplomats and businessmen use cryptograms to relay secret
information.
Ex: After reading Mrs. Hales electrocardiogram, the physician assured her that her
heart was working properly.
Ex: The more things a man is ashamed of, the more respectable he is is one of
George Bermard Shaws epigrams.
(Ngi ta cng h thn v nhiu iu bao nhiu th ngi ta cng c knh trng
by nhiu l mt trong nhng cu chm ngn ca G.B Shaw.)
Ex: The reporters graphic description made us feel that we were present at the scene.
Ex: Lead pencils do not contain lead, but rather a mixture of clay and graphite.
= (Literally, one letter ) persons initials interwoven or combined into one design.
Ex: For his thesis, the student plants to write a monograph on the life of an obscure
19th-century composer.
= Person skilled in, or employed to do, stenography (literally, narrow writing ), the
art of writing in shorthand
(Ngi chuyn vit tc k, ngi c thu vit tc k; khoa vit tc k l steno
graphy.)
Ex: A court stenographer has to be able to take down more than 250 words a minute.
II) Th no l mt t dn xut?
T dn xut l mt t c hnh thnh bng cch gn thm mt tin t (prefix)
hoc mt hu t (suffix) hoc c tin t ln hu t vo mt t hoc mt t cn (root).
WORD/
PREFIX SUFFIX DERIVATIVE
ROOT
Prefix With- Hold = Withhold
only (back) (Hold back = gi li)
In- Flux = Influx
(in) (flow) (inflow = chy vo )
Literate -ly = Literately
(educated) (manner) (in an educated manner = mt
Suffix cch c gio dc)
only Leg -ible = Legible
(read) (able to be read = c th c
c )
Semi- Literate -ly = Semiliterately
Both (half partly) (in a partly educated manner
Prefix = c hc thc cht t )
and Il- Leg -ible = Illegible
Suffix (not) (not able to be read = khng
th c c, kh c )
V d:
Mis + spelled = misspelled (sai chnh t )
Mis + informed = misinformed (thng bo sai )
(lng ph )
13. Over Estimated = Overestimated
(c nh gi cao )
14. Dis Interred = Disinterred
(c khai qut ln )
15. Semi Circle = Semicircle
(lm nn lng, nn ch )
17. Pre Existence = Preexistence
(tin kip )
18. Dis Solution = Dissolution
(s ha tan, s gii tn )
19. Extra Curricular = Extracurricular
(ngai kha )
20. Un Navigable = Unnavigable
(Khng th lu thng c )
21. Over Run = Overrun
(khng thch hp )
23. Semi Autonomous = Semiautonomous
(bn t tr )
24. Dis Satisfied = Dissatisfied
(bt mn )
25. Un Abridged = Unabridged
(khng rt ngn li )
DERIVATIVE
= Overripe
(qu chn)
= Disintegrate
(lm phn r )
= Unnecessary
(khng cn thit )
= Antiaircraft
(Phng khng, chng phi c )
= Inaudible
(khng th nghe c )
= Underrated
(c nh gi thp )
= Foreseen
(c an trc )
= Extraordinary
(bt thng )
= Unnoticed (khng c ch
n, b qun )
= Withheld
(c gi li )
= Emigrate
(di c n mt ni khc )
= Misspent
(lng ph )
= Overestimated
(c nh gi cao )
= Disinterred
(c khai qut ln )
= Semicircle
(na vng trn, hnh bn
nguyt )
= Unnerve
(lm nn lng, nn ch )
= Preexistence
(tin kip )
= Dissolution
(s ha tan, s gii tn )
= Extracurricular
(ngai kha )
= Unnavigable
(Khng th lu thng c )
= Overrun
(vt qu, chy trn lan )
= Inappropriate
(khng thch hp )
= Semiautonomous
(bn t tr )
= Dissatisfied
(bt mn )
= Unabridged
(khng rt ngn li )
Exercise 2: Make the word in column II negative by attaching in, il, im, or ir in
column I. Then write the complete negative word in column III, (The first line has
been done for you as an example.)
NEGATIVE PREFIX WORD NEGATIVE WORD
1. In Gratitude Ingratitude
= S vong n bi ngha
2. Im Patiently Impatiently
=Mt cch thiu kin
nhn, st rut
3. Ir Responsible Irresponsible
= V trch nhim
4. In Equitable Inequitable
= Khng cng bng
5. Im Moderate Immoderate
= Khng iu , thi qu
6. Il Literacy Illiteracy
= S v hc thc, tnh
trng dt nt
1. Ir Replaceable Irreplaceable
=Khng th thay th c
2. In Consistently Inconsistently
=Mt cch khng nht
qun
3. Im Personal Impersonal
=V nhn xng; khng c
tnh cch c nhn
4. Il Legible Illegible
= Khng c c
5. Im Plausible Implausible
= Phi l
6. In Articulate Inarticulate
= Khng din t r rng
7. Im Material Immaterial
= Khng c tnh cch vt
cht
8. Ir Reversible Irreversible
= Khng th vn hi li
9. In Security Insecurity
=Khng an tan
10. Il Liberal Illiberal
= Khng t do
11. Im Perceptibly Imperceptibly
=Khng th nhn ra, tri
gic
12. In Flexible Inflexible
= Khng linh ng
13. Im Moral Immoral
= V o c, khng c
o c
14. Ir Relevant Irrelevant
=Khng lin h
Back to top
NEGATIVE PREFIX
1. In
2. Im
3. Ir
4. In
5. Im
6. Il
7. Ir
8. In
9. Im
10. Il
11. Im
12. In
13. Im
14. Ir
15. In
16. Il
17. Im
18. In
19. Im
20. Ir
NEGATIVE WORD
Ingratitude
= S vong n bi ngha
Impatiently
=Mt cch thiu kin
nhn, st rut
Irresponsible
= V trch nhim
Inequitable
= Khng cng bng
Immoderate
= Khng iu , thi qu
Illiteracy
= S v hc thc, tnh
trng dt nt
Irreplaceable
=Khng th thay th c
Inconsistently
=Mt cch khng nht
qun
Impersonal
=V nhn xng; khng c
tnh cch c nhn
Illegible
= Khng c c
Implausible
= Phi l
Inarticulate
= Khng din t r rng
Immaterial
= Khng c tnh cch vt
cht
Irreversible
= Khng th vn hi li
Insecurity
=Khng an tan
Illiberal
= Khng t do
Imperceptibly
=Khng th nhn ra, tri
gic
Inflexible
= Khng linh ng
Immoral
= V o c, khng c
o c
Irrelevant
=Khng lin h
DERIVATIVE
= Government
(Chnh ph )
=Tailless
(Khng c ui )
= Synonymous
(ng ngha )
= Radioed
(c pht tuyn )
= Unilaterally
(n phng )
= Embarrassment
(S bi ri )
= Suddenness
(S bt cht )
= Roommate
(Bn cng phng )
= Skier
(Ngi trt tuyt )
=Foreseeable
(C th nhn thy trc
c )
NGAI L:
(H thi, mc nt )
2. Fancy -ful = Fanciful
(Mt cch ln lt b mt )
4. Foolhardy -ness = Foolhardiness
(Phng i )
6. Plucky -est = Pluckiest
(Can m, liu lnh nht )
7. Defy -ance = Defiance
(Tr qu gi )
9. Accompany -ment = Accompaniment
(S t gi )
1. Ceremony -ous = Ceremonious
(Theo nghi l )
2. Deny -al = Denial
(S t chi )
3. Momentary -ly = Momentarily
(c by ra, ph ra )
6. Bury -al = Burial
(Mt cch e l )
8. Oversupply -ing = Oversupplying
(Cung cp qu mc )
9. Harmony -ous = Harmonious
(Hi ha )
10. Disqualify -ed = Disqualified
(Khng t cch )
DERIVATIVE
= Decayed
(H thi, mc nt )
= Fanciful (Hay thay i,
bt thng )
= Stealthily(Mt cch ln
lt b mt )
= Foolhardiness(S di
dt, ngu si)
= Magnifying
(Phng i )
= Defiance
(Tr qu gi )
= Accompaniment
(S t gi )
= Ceremonious
(Theo nghi l )
= Denial
(S t chi )
= Momentarily
(c by ra, ph ra )
= Burial
(Mt cch e l )
= Oversupplying
(Cung cp qu mc )
= Harmonious
(Hi ha )
= Disqualified
(Khng t cch )
Exercise 5: Four derivatives have been omitted from each line except the first.
Complete each of the other lines so that it will correspond to the first.
ADJECTIVE ADJECTIVE ADVERB NOUN
ADJECTIVE ENDING IN ENDING IN ENDING ENDING IN
ER EST IN LY NESS
1. Clumsy Clumsier Clumsiest Clumsily Clumsiness
(Vng v)
2. Noisy Noisier Noisiest Noisily Noisiness
(n o )
3. Sturdy Sturdier Sturdiest Sturdily Sturdiness
(Mnh m, cng
trng )
4. Uneasy Uneasier Uneasiest Uneasily Uneasiness
(Tham lam )
6. Flimsy Flimsier Flimsiest Flimsily Flimsiness
(Nh v mng )
Mileage: S mile i c
Singeing: Chy xm
Hoeing: Cuc
NGAI L:
Argument: Lp lun
Awful: Kinh khng
Ninth: Th chn
6. THM VO HU T LY
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Heroic + al + ly = Heroically
= Ln nhau
Amicable Amicably
= Mt cch thn i
Conspicuous Conspicuously
= Ni bt, p ngay vo mt
Economic Economically
= Mt cch sinh ng
Incontrovertible Incontrovertibly
= Mt cch tng hp
Intermittent Intermittently
= Bng tay
Heavy Heavily
= Mt cch nng n
Infallible Infallibly
Ngai L A: Quy lut ny (quy lut 2) khng p dng nu ph m cui i lin sau hai
nguyn m.
obTAIN -ed/ -ing Obtained, obtaining
conCEAL -ed/ -ing Concealed, concealing
Ngai L C: Quy lut ny khng p dng khi du nhn di chuyn v pha trc .
(Tc l ban u th du nhn m tit cui cng nhng sau khi thm hu t vo, ch
mi thnh lp c vn nhn di chuynn v pha trc ch khng cn nhn m tit
cui na.)
conFER -ence CONference
preFER -ence PREFerence
reFER -ence REFerence
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DERIVATIVE
Concurring
Entailed
Abhorring
Flatter
Retractable
Referable
Dispelled
Deterrent
Ungagged
Drummer
Eliciting
Imperiling
Absorbent
Deference
Propellant
Interring
Appendage
Covetous
Discredited
Adaptable
Cowering
Disinterred
Pilferer
Slimmest
Excellent
8. Cc tip v ng rc ri:
Ti sao DISPENSABLE tn cng bng able nhng SENSIBLE li tn cng
bng -ible?
Ti sao FOREIGNER tn cng bng er nhng DEBTOR li tn cng bng
or? Tht l ng bun v chng c nhng quy lut gin d no hng dn bn trong
nhng vn ny. Bn s phi hc tng t mt vi tip v ng rc ri v phi tra t
in khi cm thy nghi ng.
Vy hy xem qua nhng iu sau y s t ra hu ch cho bn.
1) Thm able hoc ible: Bn hy nghin cu cc tnh t sau y:
ABLE IBLE
Amiable = Kh i Accessible = C th tip cn
Changeable = C th thay i Credible = C th tin cy
Equitable = Cng bng Fallible = C th sai lm
Formidable = D di, c lit Flexible = Linh ng
Hospitable = Hiu khch Illegible = Khng c c
Impregnable = Khng th chim c Incompatible = Khng tng hp,
khng tng thch
Indomitable = Khng th ch ng Incontrovertible = Khng th tranh ci
c c
Lovable = D thng Invincible = V ch, khng th b
nh bi.
Noticeable = C th ghi nhn c Visible = C th thy c
Unquenchable = Khng th dp tt Reversible = C th hy b.
c
I) QUAN H CA T
CP T MI QUAN H
PAUPER: MEANS A thiu B
NN MNG: TA NH
WATCHMAN: THEFT A canh chng chng li B
BT BT: TH LC
LITERATE: READ Ngi c c tnh A th c
BIT CH: C
ILLNESS: ABSENCE A c th gy ra B
BNH: VNG MT
SEIZING: TAKING A l mt hnh thc thnh lnh v mnh
m ca B
CHP LY: NM LY
GREGARIOUS: COMPANY Ngi c c tnh A th thch B
HAY KT AN: BN B
PEBBLE: STONE A nh hn B
CUI: TNG
PAINTER: EASEL A dung B trong vic ca mnh
HA S: GI V
e. Wrench: soak
4. FOREST: TIMBER
a. Magnet: filings
2. FATHOM: DEPTH
b. Art: museum
a. Calorie:
temperature c. Quarry: stone
d. Dive: surface
a. Bonnet: head
d. Asphalt: road
a. Oil: well
P N:
Exercises 3: Write the letter of the word that best completes the analogy
Correct
Alternatives Meaning
Answer
Lawyer Lut s
Nutrition S dinh dng
Physician Bc S
Disease Bnh
Jury Bi thm an.