Aklan Catholic College

Graduate Studies
Kalibo, Aklan

Educ 201- Statistics

Terry John I. Naldoza Evelina G.

Gayo
Ruthie Ann P. Quibol Professor
MAED

Statistics is primarily concerned with data, most specifically, quantitative

data. In any particular study, the number of possible observations may be
small or large and finite or infinite.

Difference between Population and Sample

Population
Population ascribes to assemblages or conglomerates of people,
animals, objects, materials, etc.
Is the totality of objects of a certain class or characteristic, such as the
number of celestial bodies in the solar system, number of managers
and officer in a certain multinational company or courses offered by
the university.

Sample
A sample is a subset of a population.

Correlated and Independent Samples

Dependent /Correlated Sample are paired measurements for one set of items.
1. two perfectly matched samples or equated samples
2. twins
3. husband & twins
4. Samples made as their own control ( e.g. pretest post test)

Independent Sample
Independent Samples are two or more samples selected from the same
population, different populations, that have no effect on one another.
e.g. male and female ; age brackets

Small and Large Sample

Small Sample
If the sample size n is less than 30 (n<30), it is known as Small
Sample.
Large Sample
If the Sample size n is greater than 30 (n>30) is known as Large
Sample.

Conclusion
In spite of the above differences, it is also true that sample and
population are related to each other, i.e sample is drawn from the
population, so without population sample may not exist. Further, the primary
objective of the sample is to make statistical inferences about the
population, and that too would be as accurate as possible. The greater the
size of the sample, the higher is the level of accuracy of generalization.