Kinetics of a Particle: Impulse and Momentum

Linear Momentum Impulse

L = mv where m = mass I = Ft where F = force
V = velocity t =time
L = momentum I = impulse

Units for Momentum and Impulse:

mks (kg)(ft/s)
Cgs (g)(cm/s)
Fps (slug)(ft/s)

Principle of Linear Impulse and Momentum

= =


=

=

Example 1
Find the impulse and force which make an object at rest having 16kg changes its velocity to
12m/s in 4 s.

= Impulse I = Ft = (48)(4) = 192kg.m/s

( ) =
( ) = () ()
F=48N
Example 2
The 50-kg crate is pulled by the constant force P. If the crate starts from rest and achieves a
velocity 10m/s in 5 s, determine the magnitude of P. The coefficient of kinetic friction between
the crate and the ground is k = 0.2.

Principle of Impulse and Momentum:

Y component (crate is not moving vertically, therefore there is no velocity)
2
= 2 1
1

(2 1) = 2 1

(5) = 2 1

(N + Psin(30) (50)(9.81))(5) = 50(0) 50(0)

N + Psin(30) = 490.5 (eq 1)

X component
2
= 2 1
1

(5) = 2 1

(0.2N + Pcos(30))(5) = 50(10) 50(0)

N + 5Pcos(30) = 500 (eq 2)

Solving eq 1 and e2 by substitution,

N = 387.97N , P = 205N