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Abstract:: Background
Abstract:: Background
Objective: To assess the PERCEPTION & ATTITIDE of mental illness among general
population OF KARACHI
Result: knowledge mental illness among general public was quite poor and suggests the need
for strong emphasis on public education to increase mental health literacy.
Conclusion: an increase in mental health literacy in the population may assist prevention,
early intervention, and support of others in the community.
INTRODUCTION:
Throughout the world, there is increasing awareness of mental illness as a significant cause of
morbidity. People with a mental illness can be among the most disadvantaged in society, and
many confront barriers as a direct result of their illness. Cognitive and communication
impairments may pose challenges, while stigma and discriminatory attitudes can be worse than
the illness itself.
Discrimination and stigma can create barriers to recovery for people with mental illness.
Peoples beliefs and attitudes toward mental illness set the stage for how they interact with,
provide opportunities for, and help support a person with mental illness. Attitudes and beliefs
about mental illness are shaped by personal knowledge, knowing and interacting with someone
living with mental illness, cultural stereotypes, and other factors.
Stigma has been described as "a cluster of negative attitudes and beliefs that motivate the general
public to fear, reject, avoid, and discriminate against people with mental illnesses" . When
stigma leads to social exclusion or discrimination, whether from mental illness or some other
condition, it results in unequal access to resources that all people need to function well, adversely
affecting quality of life
This report examines individual attitudes toward mental illness to highlight subgroups that might
benefit from educational programs and services.
METHODOLOGY:
A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample size of 400 people, SAMPLE WAS TAKEN
THROUGH NON- PROBABILITY PURPOSIVE METHOD, Sample was taken from ALL FIVE DISTRICTS
OF KARACHI AND people of DIFFERENT WALKS OF LIFE E;G, medical students ,engineering
students, school students, drivers. The study was conducted within a period of 08 months
FROM MARCH TO OCTOBER 2014, Pilot study was conducted to assess the VALIDITY of
questionnaire, A STRUCTURED QUESTIONNAIRE WAS distributed and got filled. SPSS version 16
was used for data entry and analysis with 95% confidence interval MARGIN OF ERROR 5% AND
P-VALUE 0.05 AS STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT.
Result:
Out of 400 PARTICIPANTS, 67% (PUT P-VALUES) of the people believed that mentally ill
people were harmful which agreement to medical viewpoint. 89% of the people believed
that mental illness could affect relationship between patient and family. This however is
true as people try to refrain from them.72.5% of the people believe that our society does
not accept mentally ill people. This is due to general perception that these people can
cause harm to humans and their assets. 87.5% of the people believe that mentally ill
people need help from their family and acquaintances. Receiving love and affection from
people closer to heart helps in early recovery.88% of the people believe that mental
health is important for a healthy perfect life. 84% people believe that the negative
attitude of society or family will hinder the recovery of mentally ill persons.
WRITE IN PAST TENSE
S.# QUESTION PROMPT YES% NO% P- VALUES MEAN CI 95%
3 Mental illnesses can effects 89.0 6.0 0.000 1.16 1.184 1.136
relationship between
patients & family members?
4 Do you think mental illness is 82.2 13.5 0.001 1.22 1.245 1.195
a disease (bimari)?
5 Do you think marriage can 21.0 61.2 0.004 1.97 2.001 1.939
treat the mental illness?
9 Our society accepts these 17.2 72.5 0.012 1.93 1.982 1.878
patients?
10 Should govt. take these 79.8 12.0 0.001 1.28 1.31 1.25
issues seriously?
1. Do you think it is caused by evil spirits (BHOOT)?
80
70
60
50
40 YES
30 NO
20 DNK
10
0
Do you think it is caused by
evil sprits or bhoot?
70
60
50
40 YES
30
NO
20
DNK
10
0
Do you think these pateints
are harmfull
100
80
60
YES
40
NO
20
DNK
0
Do you think parents fight
affect childrens mental
health
4. Do you think mental illness is a disease (bimari)?
100
80
60
YES
40 NO
20 DNK
0
Do you think mental illness
is a disease or bimari
70
60
50
40 YES
30
NO
20
DNK
10
0
Do you think marriage can
treate the mental illnes?
6. Do you think society/family NEGATIVE attitude can affect recovery of mentally ill person?
100
80
60
40
20 YES
0 NO
Do you thinks family's or DNK
societies negative
attitude affects the
recovery of mentally ill
person?
80
60
YES
40 NO
20 DNK
0
Do you think these people
need our help?
100
80
60
YES
40 NO
20 DNK
0
Do you think it is a serious
problem?
90
80
70
60
50
40 YES
30 NO
20
10 DNK
0
Do you think mental health is
important for healthy perfect
life?
80
70
60
50
40 YES
30 NO
20 DNK
10
0
Should govt. take these issues
seriously?
GOOD WORK
DISCUSSION;
The study has been confined out to assess the level of perception and attitude of general public
towards mentally ill people. . Our sample contained a higher proportion of university graduates
than the population as a whole.
This baseline survey has shown that there is a high level of contact with people with mental
health problems which may reflect a high prevalence of disorder, poor services or the
community's acceptance of mentally ill people, or a combination of all three, and warrants
further investigation. Attitudes towards mental illness are very mixed, with large proportions of
the population holding stigmatising attitudes towards people with mental illness in relation to
treatment, work, marriage and recovery. The majority put the blame on the afflicted individual,
avoided contact with them and would not openly discuss their own psychological problems.
On the other hand, the population did have a fairly reasonable understanding of the aetiology of
mental illness, citing genetic factors, negative life events, brain disease and substance abuse as
key causes although evil spirits were also viewed as major factors., Understanding of the nature
of mental illness, its implications for social participation and management remains negative in
general. However the majority accept patients' rights and the view that patients can be managed
outside hospital, admit that the services at the PHC level are poor and would welcome
developing such services. Social distance was associated with higher educational level, wanting
to hide a mental illness problem from the family and not wanting to allow a person with mental
illness to take their own decisions. WHERE ARE REFERENCES???????
Conclusion:
After conducting a thorough research on perception and awareness on mental health it is
concluded that general public is highly aware of pros and cons of the disease. They are also
aware about medical treatment, behavioral therapy and cognitive support to be given to the
mentally ill patients. It is however established that general public understanding about the
disease is in-line with medical sciences standpoint.
References;
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2)http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1034/j.1600-
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a) Yes
b) No
a)Yes
b)No
C)DNK
a)Yes
b)No
c)DNK
Q#4: Do you know if somebody is aggressive and by taking a tablet calms down?
a)YES
b)No
c)DNK
Q#5: Do you know somebody who can be easily irritated and get abusive?
a)Yes.
b)No
c) DNK
Q#6: Do you think these people are malingering to get attention?
a) Yes.
b) No.
c)DNK
Q#7: Do you think Moulvi,peer, Faqir and other people in shrine can treat these patients?
a)Yes
b)No
c)DNK
a)Yes
b)No
c)DNK
a)Yes
b)No
c)DNK
Q#10: Do you think mental illness CAN effects relationship between patients and family members?
a) Yes
b) No
c)DNK
a) Yes.
b) No
c)DNK
Q#12: Do you think these people be locked at HOME/HOSPITAL until they recovered?
a) Yes
b) No
c) DNK
a) Yes
b) No
c)DNK
a) Yes
b) No
c) DNK
a) Yes
b) No
c)DNK
a) Yes
b) No
c) DNK
Q#17: Do you think society/family NEGATIVE attitude can affect recovery of mentally ill person?
a) Yes
b) No
c)DNK
a)Yes
b)No
c)DNK
a) Yes
b)No
c)DNK
a) Yes
b) No
c)DNK
a) Yes
b) No
c)DNK
Q#22: Do you think mental health is important for healthy perfect life?
a)Yes.
b)No
c)DNK
a) Yes
b) No
c) DNK
a) Yes
b) No
a) Yes
b) No
C)DNK
a) Yes
b) No
c)DNK
a)Yes
b)No
c)DNK
a)Yes
b)No
c)DNK
a)Yes
b)No
c)DNK
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