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Linearity. An LTI system must be linear.

To define this, suppose an input signal x1(t)


produces an output y1(t), and another signal x2(t) produces the output y2(t). Then
the system is linear if the sum of the two input signals produces the sum of the two
output signals. That is, if x1(t)+x2(t) is the input signal, the output must be y1(t)
+y2(t). This must be true for every possible input signal.

Time (Shift) Invariance. An LTI system must be time-invariant. Suppose a signal x(t)
applied to the system produces an output y(t). Then the delayed version of the signal,
x(t-c) (where c is some real number), must give an output equal to y(t-c). Loosely
speaking, this means the system doesn't care when the input is applied, the result is
always the same.

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