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Shorthand Notation:
D5W
water intoxication and dilution
of body's electrolytes with
10% Dextrose in Hypertonic 10 grams dextrose may be infused peripherally;
long, continuous infusions
Water pH 4.3 (340 calories/liter) hypertonic hydration;
provides some calories
Shorthand Notation:
D10W
5% Dextrose in 1/4 Hypertonic 5 grams Dextrose fluid replacement; vein irritation because of
Strength (or 0.25%) pH 4.4 34 mEq Sodium replacement of sodium, acidic pH, causes
Saline 34 mEq Chloride chloride and some calories agglomeration (clustering) if
Shorthand Notation: used with blood transfusions;
D5NS hyperglycemia with rapid
infusion leading to osmotic
5% Dextrose in 0.45 Hypertonic 5 grams Dextrose hypertonic fluid replacement; diuresis
Sodium Chloride pH 4.4 77 mEq Sodium replace sodium, chloride, and
77 mEq Chloride some calories
Shorthand Notation:
D5NS
Ringers Injection, Isotonic 147 mEq Sodium electrolyte replacement; rapid administration leads to
U.S.P. pH 5.8 4 mEq Potassium hydration; often used to excessive introduction of
4 mEq Calcium replace extracellular fluid electrolytes and leads to fluid
155 mEq Chloride losses overload and congestive
conditions; provides no
calories and is not an
adequate maintenance
solution if abnormal fluid
losses are present