API 571 Exam Questions:

1. What is minimum temperature steel must be exposed to develop Spheroidization damage.

a. 600F
b. 750F
c. 850F
d. 1000F
2. Dew point temperature of hydrochloric acid is typically around:
a. 130F
b. 175F
c. 280F
d. 300F

3. If carbon steel needs to be upgraded to more corrosion resistant material in caustic SCC
environment, the next choice of user will be.
a. Duplex stainless steel
b. 300 stainless steel
c. Nickel
d. Low alloy steel

4. What NDT method will be preferred for inspection of HTHA.

a. UT using velocity and AUBT
b. WFMT
c. Insitu metallography for surface decarburization
d. AET

5. MIC is independent on which of the following factors

a. Presence of water phase
b. pH range
c. H2S concentration
d. Flow velocity

6. Alkaline sour water corrosion is associated with form of corrosion

a. Ammonium chloride
b. Ammonium bisulphide
c. Naphthenic acid
d. Hydrofluoric acid

7. What other form of damage Inspector must be aware of in HF acid service in addition to HF acid
corrosion.
a. Hydrogen stress cracking
b. Alkaline stress cracking
c. Sulfide stress cracking
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d. Hydrogen embrittlement

8. What inspection method can be used to confirm 885 embrittlement.

a. Metallography
b. Bend or impact test
c. SWUT
d. RT

9. What is main concern for brittle fracture during operation of a pressure vessel.
a. Cyclic stresses
b. Overpressure at oper temp
c. Start up and shutdown
d. Warm hydro test

10. Some reduction in brittle fracture may be achieved by:

a. Periodic inspections of known areas of vessel
b. PWHT
c. Avoiding steam out
d. Warm pretest of vessel

11. If fuel oil with contaminants used for combustion, which equipment will be most affected:
a. Shock tubes
b. Convection tubes
c. Radiant tubes
d. Tube hangers and supports

12. Caustic stress corrosion cracking is most often associated with:

a. Boilers and steam generators
b. Caustic treaters
c. Caustic storage tanks (non PWHT)
d. Coke drums

13. What will be preferred inspection method from process side of the vessel to detect chloride stress
corrosion cracking.
a. RT
b. PT
c. WFMT
d. SWUT

14. Amine stress corrosion cracking is most often associated with:

a. Rich amine
API 571 Exam Questions:

b. Lean amine
c. Presence of H2S in rich amine
d. Heat stable amine salts (HSAS)

15. Carbonate stress corrosion cracking and alkaline stress corrosion cracking are:
a. Different only in level of alkalinity to cause cracking
b. Are closely related to each other
c. Phenomena caused by wet H2S service
d. Are high temperature phenomena

16. Temper embrittlement can be identified by charpy impact testing by a/an _____ shift in ductile to
brittle transition temperature.
a. Downward
b. Upward
c. Reverse
d. Higher

17. What statement is not correct about amine corrosion.

a. Corrosion depends on design and operating practices
b. All amines MEA, DGA, DIPA and DEA are relatively equal in aggressiveness
c. Lean amine solution are generally not corrosive due to low conductivity or high pH.
d. Process stream velocity will influence amine corrosion rate and nature of attack.

18. Content of trace elements (C, Cu, Ni, Cr) in carbon steel should be maintained below _____% to
minimize corrosion in HF acid service
a. 0.10
b. 0.20
c. 0.50
d. 1.00

19. What factor will cause increase in corrosion rate of cooling water tubes.
a. Decreasing process side inlet temperature
b. Increasing oxygen content of water
c. Decreasing cooling water outlet temperature
d. Increasing flow velocities

20. Titanium hydriding results in loss of which mechanical property

a. Strength
b. Hardness
c. Toughness
d. Ductility
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21. The L grades of stainless steel are mostly resistant to which form of degradation:
a. Sensitization
b. Graphitization
c. Sigma phase formation
d. 885 embrittlement

22. To improve scaling resistance of low alloy steel, alloying with which element is recommended.
a. Chromium
b. Nickel
c. Carbon
d. Molybdenum

23. Which metal can suffer failure due to cracking by coming in contact with liquid mercury.
a. Stainless steel
b. Copper alloy
c. Aluminum
d. HSLA

24. Which of the following alloys more likely to suffer polythionic stress corrosion cracking.
a. Carbon steel
b. SS 304H
c. Monel
d. SS 321

25. Which of the following material is least susceptible to Hydrogen stress cracking.
a. --
b. ASTM A-193 B7
c. ASTM A-193 B7M
d. ASTM A-325

26. What is the terminology given to cracking occurring in ferritic side of weld between austenitic and
ferritic material at high temperature service.
a. Creep cracking
b. Dissimilar metal weld cracking
c. Hydrogen stress cracking
d. Dissimilar weld damage

27. A process has been identified with cavitation damage. Changing to more corrosion resistant or
higher hardness material is likely to result in which of the following.
a. It will resolve cavitation problem
API 571 Exam Questions:

b. It may not improve cavitation resistance

c. It will accelerate cavitation
d. None of the above

28. Which of the following factors determines the soil corrosivity.

a. Soil resistivity
b. Moisture content
c. pH
d. there is no single parameter for soil corrosivity

29. H2S, pH, temperature, velocity and oxygen concentration are critical for which damage mechanism.
a. Sour water corrosion
b. Amine corrosion
c. Hydrogen induced cracking
d. Sulfide stress cracking

30. Aqueous ammonia may cause stress corrosion cracking of which material
a. Low alloy steel
b. SS 304H
c. Cast iron
d. Monel

31. What NDT technique is not used for monitoring cavitation damage.
a. UT and RT for thickness loss
b. ECT
c. Acoustic evaluation
d. Visual inspection

32. What can be done to minimize corrosion under insulation (CUI).

a. Perform RBI based CUI inspections
b. Keep metal temp above 212F
c. Maintain coating / painting
d. Modify operating conditions

33. Which of the following is not likely to aggravate corrosion under insulation (CUI) damage
a. Insulation with no aluminum foil
b. Wick insulation
c. Hardened caulking
d. closed cell foam glass insulation

34. Atmospheric corrosion rate is expected to be highest at which temperature.

API 571 Exam Questions:

a. 140F
b. 212F
c. 225F
d. 275F

35. A vessel has been assessed for CO2 corrosion. What should be preferred locations for UT thickness
monitoring inspection.
a. At both top and bottom head
b. All vessel shell and nozzles because corrosion location cannot be predicted
c. Liquid to vapor interface
d. Water wetted areas

36. Ammonium chloride corrosion can occur in crude tower due the following.
a. Evaporation at high temp of stream containing NH3 and Cl resulting in salt precipitation
b. Excessive water washing resulting in dissolving of ammonium chloride salts
c. Ammonium chloride salts may precipitate from high temp stream as they are cooled
d. Steam out temperature will result in precipitation of salts.

37. Ammonium chloride salts have whitish, greenish or ______ appearance.

a. Grayish
b. Reddish
c. Bluish
d. Brownish

38. Amine corrosion primarily affects which material.

a. Carbon steel
b. 300 SS
c. Monel
d. 400 SS

39. Erosion / Erosion Corrosion will result in which type of damage.

a. General thinning
b. Smooth pits
c. Grooves, gullies
d. Non directional pattern

40. De-aerators which are not stress relieved likely to suffer from which damage mechanism
a. Caustic stress corrosion cracking
b. Corrosion fatigue
c. Ammonia stress corrosion cracking
d. Amine stress corrosion cracking
API 571 Exam Questions:

41. What locations are suspected locations for corrosion in naphthenic acid corrosion.
a. Piping in areas high velocity or turbulence
b. Under salt deposits
c. Streams containing free water phase
d. At catalytic reactions downstream of FCCU

42. Addition of which element will improve resistance to naphthenic acid corrosion.
a. Chromium
b. Nickel
c. Silicon
d. Molybdenum

43. Steel hardness is primarily an issue with:

a. Blistering
b. HIC
c. SOHIC
d. SSC

44. Convection soot blowers without condensate drain line may experience which damage.
a. Creep damage
b. Mechanical fatigue
c. Corrosion fatigue
d. Thermal fatigue

45. _____ usually occurs when a colder liquid contacts a warmer metal surface.
a. Dissimilar metal weld cracking
b. Erosion- corrosion
c. Cavitation
d. Thermal shock

46. What is signature finger print for fatigue related failure.

a. Sharp pits
b. Cleavage
c. Beach marks
d. Crazed pattern

47. Corrosion rates of anode can be high if there is ____ anode to cathode ratio.
a. Small
b. Large
c. Severe
API 571 Exam Questions:

d. Equal

48. Refer to table, maximum corrosion will occur in which metal

combination.
a. Aluminum with steel
b. Cast iron with Ni-Resist
c. Copper with bronze
d. Steel with Nickel

49. Decarburization of steel will cause removal of carbides. Carbon steel in

decarburize will be _____:
a. Pearlite
b. Martensite
c. Pure iron
d. Graphite

50. Which technique requires least surface preparation.

a. PT
b. WFMT
c. SWUT
d. ACFM

51. Amine corrosion of carbon steel will usually result in which type of damage.
a. General uniform thinning
b. Cup shaped pits
c. Grooves, gullies
d. Under deposit corrosion

52. Aggressive phosphoric acid corrosion will occur in:

a. High velocity area of piping
b. Hot and dry streams
c. With small amount of water
d. Solid phosphoric acid catalyst