jHdmD;s ie,eiau

fuu jHdmD;sh je,suv iy W!j mrK.u m%dfoaYsh f,al fldGdY flaka lr .kska
uQ,slj islsrsug fhdacs;hs fuysoS je,suv .%duks<OdrS ji 64 iy W!jmrK.u .%du
ks<OdrS ji 68 la jYfhka .%du ks<OdrS ji 132 ;=, l%shd;aul flf fojk woshrh
f,i nKavdrfj, m%dfoaYsh f,al lhd, n,m%foaYh f;dardf.k we; fuu jHdmD;sh jir
myla ;=, ,xldj ;=, jHdma; lsrSug n,dfmdfrd;a;= f fuu jHdmD;sh woshr mylska
l%shd;aul flf

01 lKavdh ksudKh lsrSu" uQ,sl jHdmdrsl wjia:d ykd .ekSu" idudcsldjka f;dard
.ekSu yd idudcsldjka ioyd fldgialr jHdmdr yjd oSu

02 udkj im;a ixjOkh iy ;dlaIKsl mqyqKqj ,nd oSu

03 jHdmdr wdrN lsrSu

04 wf< uOHia:dk wdrN lsrSu

05 jHdmD;sh jHdma; lsrSu

01 lKavdh ksudKh lsrSu" uQ,sl jHdmdrsl wjia:d ykd .ekSu" idudcsldjka f;dard
.ekSu yd idudcsldjka ioyd fldgialr jHdmdr yjd oSu

tla .%du ks<OdrS jiula ;=,ska idudcsldjka ;siafofkl=f.ka iuka; lKavdhula

f;drd.kq ,ef jhi wjqre 18 isg 45 olajd jhia iSudf ldka;djka ioyd wh l<
yels w;r" oekg h jHdmdrhla mj;ajdf.k hkafkak wod< jhia iSuj n, fkdmdhs tu
idudcsldjka ioyd ;udg isl, yelshehs yef.k jHdmdr myla fhdackd l< yelsh
f;dard.ekSfuka wk;=rej uQ,sl uYkhla isflf tk f;dardf.k we;s jHdmdr ioyd
iqiq jgmsgdjl cSj;a jkafka o" wjYH myiql ,nd .; yels l%ufohka" wOHdmk ugu"
jD;a;Sh ksmqK;djhka" ,ndosh yels fj<ofmd< ;;ajh" oS> ld,hla mj;ajdf.k hdf
yelshdj" mj;sk foaY.=ksl ;;ajh" bvu iy mi ms<sno ;;ajh" c, ,s iy m%jyk myiql
imhd.kakd wdldrh" uQ,sl m%d.aOkh fhoh yels wdldrh wdos lreKq wod, jHdmdrhg
idfmalaIj uYkh flf tu uYkh;a jHdmD;sfha jHdmdr ksudKh lsrSf l%ufoh;a
ixikaokh lsrSfuka wk;=rej idudcsldj jHdmD;sh ioyd n`oj.efka

02 udkj im;a ixjOkh iy ;dlaIKsl mqyqKqj ,nd oSu

n`ojd.kq ,nk ish`Mu idudcsldjka jHdmD;s ie<eiau ykajd oSf yd udkj ixjOk
mqyqKq jevigykla ioyd wksjdfhkau iyNd.S h hq;= w;r" bka wk;=rej jHdmD;sfha
;dlaIKsl mqyqKq jev igyka ioyd fhduq lrkq ,ef j.d jHdmdr yer wka ish`M u
jHdmdr ioyd ;uka iska ksIamdokh lsrSug n,dfmdfrd;a;=jk ksIamdokfha ksheoshla
ilialr wdh;khg Ndrosh hq;= w;r" wod, ksheosh fj<ofmd< ;;ajhkag wkql+,j
ksIamdokh lr we;s njg jHdmD;sh u.ska ;yjqre lsrSfuka wk;=rej jHdmD;sfha
ksIamdok wrN lsrSu ioyd wjYH lghq;= i,iajd fokq ,ef

03 jHdmdr wdrN lsrSu

jHdmdrh wdrN lsrSug m%:u j ksIamdokfha ksheosh ioyd wod, wkque;sh ,efuka
wk;=rej jHdmD;sfha ks<Odrska wod, idudcsldj iu. idlPd lrkq ,nk w;r" bka
wk;=rej jHdmdrh wdrN lsrSug wjYH uQ,sl uqo, imhd.kakd wdldrh" ksIamdokh ioyd
wjYH wuqjH m%udKh iy th ,nd.; yels wdldrh" wjYH WmlrK iy fuj, ms<sno ;;ajh
wdosh ioyd wjYH lghq;= imdokh flf bka wk;=rej ksIamdokh ioyd jeh jk
ksIamdok hou" wf<l< yels < ,nd.; yels ,dNh iy udisl wdodh b,lal imqrd .ekSu
ioyd ksIamdokh l< hq;= tall .Kk iy ksIamdok jHdmD;sh ioyd Ndroshhq;= oskh iy
f,dj ms<snoj oekqj;a lrkq ,ef jHdmdrh wdrN lsrSfuka wk;=rej mekk.sk .eg`M
ioyd miq wlaIK ks<OdrSkaf.a iyh ,nd.; yelshtfukau iEu jHdmdrhlau wod,
m%dfoaYsh f,al ldhd, ;=, ,shdmosx l< hq;=h
04 wf< uOHia:dk wdrN lsrSu

iEu m%dfoaYsh f,al fldGdyhla ;=,u tla wf< uOHia:dkhla ne.ska wdrN flf ta
ioyd jHdmD;sfha lKavdh kdhsldjla f;dard.kq ,nk w;r jHdmdrhla mj;ajdf.k hdf
l=i,;djh iy yelshdj yd jHdmD;sh ms<snoj mj;sk oekqu u; whm;a u.ska f;dard
.eksf lghq;= islrkq ,ef

fuu uOHia:dkh u.ska jHdmD;shg inkaO idudcsldjkag wjYHlrk wuqjH iy WmlrK imhk
w;r" ksIamdok <oS .eksu islrkq ,nhs wf<h ioyd mj;sk iEu NdKavhlau fj<ofmd<
;=, mj;sk <g idfmalaIj wvq <lg wf< lsrSug ie<iq lr we;

u,a me< t<j`M me< yd m<;=re me< wf< lsrSu ioyd fYaI wf< uOHia:dkhla
lemafmfmd< m%foaYfha wdrN lsrSug ie<iq lr we; jHdmD;sh ;=, ksIamdokh lrkq
,nk ish`Mu me< wod, uOHia:dkh fj; fhduql< hq;= w;r" ,xldf iEu m%foaYlskau
mefKk u,a me< <oS .eksf f,drs r: tu ia:dkhg fhduq lsrSug ie<iq lr we; fuu
uOhia:dkfha fYaI;ajh jkafka"

01 jHdmD;sfha u,a me<" t<j`M me< yd m<;=re me< j.dlrejka ioyd ia:r fj<ofmd<la
we;su

02 m%dfoaYsh jYfhka ksIamdokh lrkq ,nk kEu me< j.hla .ekqlrejkag tlu
ia:dkhlska ,nd.;

yelsu

02 .ekqlrejka iska <oS .Kq,nk me< f;d.h u; jg ,nd.; yelsu

03 .ekqlrejkag wjYH me< m%udKh l,ska fjka lrjd.; yelsu

( f ioyd wjYH lrk N+h f jkgo jHdmD;sh u.ska fjkalrjdf.k we;)

05 jHdmD;sh jHdma; lsrSu

m%:u woshrh je,auv iy W!j mrK.u m%dfoaYsh f,al fldGdY flaka lr.kska
ls%hd;aul lsrSug ie<iqlr we;s w;r" fojk woshrh nKavdrfj, m%dfoaYsh f,al
fldGdYfha ls%hd;aul lsrSug ie<iq lr we; bka wk;=rej jHdmD;sh oSm jHdma;j is
lsrSug ie<iq lr we;

fuu jHdmD;sh oSmjHdma;j islsrSu u.ska jHdmD;sh ;=,ska bgqlr.ekSug wfmalaId lrk
ldhhka lsysmhla mj;S

01 iEu m%dfoaYsh f,al fldGdYhlu jHdmdrsl m%cdjla ysu u.ska wdodh ,nk msrsi
jeu

02 iDcq iy jl% /lshd ysu

03 NdKav wf<h ioyd ia:djr fj<ofmd<la ysu

WodyrKhla f,i l=,shdmsh m%foaYfhka wvq w.hlg fmd,a <g .; yelsh tys mj;sk
jHdmD;s uOHia:dkh u.ska fmd,a <g .kafkak" l=vdmrsudK fmd,a j.dlrejka ioyd
ia:r fj<ofmd<la ksudKh f tu fmd,a f;d.h w;rueoshkaf.ka f;drj je,suv
m%foaYhg /f.k;a wf< lrkafkak" fj<ofmdf<a mj;sk fmd,a <g idfmalaIj b;d wvq
<lg wf<l< yelsh tfukau frdai me< iy t,j`M me< ioyd Yd, b,a,qula l=,shdmsh
m%foaYfha mj;S tneka me< wf< uOHia:dk yslr wdodh W;amdok l%uhla t;=,ska
ksudKh l< yelsh fuu.ska m%jyk hou o wju lr.; yels neka id:l fj<`o cd,hla
ksudKh l< yelsh
04 jHdmD;sfha iEu wf< uOHia:dkhla ;=,ska u NdKav wvq <lg idudcsldjkag iy
mdrsfNda.slhskag ,nd.;

yelsu oelah yelsh

fuys m<uq woshrh fldgia follska iuka; f

01 fhdackd lrkq ,nk jHdmdr j. 35 la u.ska jHdmdr 1010 la ioyd idudcsldjka

f;dard .kq ,nk w;r tu idudcsldjka ioyd jHdmdr wdrN flf

02 kj ksudKd;aul fNda. ykajd oSu ioyd idudcsldjka 970 la f;dard .efka

lKavdh ksudKh m<uq woshrh

tla .%du ks<OdrS jiula ioyd idudcsldjka 30 fofkl=f.ka iuka; lKavdhula ksudKh
flf ta whqrska jHdmD;sh ioyd 30 fokd ne.ska .%du ks<OdrS ji 132 ka iuia:
idudcsldjka 3960 uq,a woshr ioyd f;dard .kq ,ef

tu idudcsldjka ish`Mu fokdf.a u oekg mj;sk wd:l ;;ajh" ksjfiys msysu" oekg
jHdmdrhla lrkafkak tys j:udk ;;ajh" wdodh ho ;;ajh" jhi iy wOHdmk ugu
wdoS ia;r tla/ia flf

fuu lKavdhu ;=, oekg jHdmdr lrk iy jHdmD;sfha ksKdhlhkag wkqj jHdmdr lsrSug
iqiql ,nk tla lKavdhulska 15 fokd ne.ska idudcsldjka 1980la ioyd jHdmdrsl
wjia:d ykajd fok w;r tu idudcsldjkaf.a f;dr;=re yd o;a; ia;rj,g wkqj l< yels
jHdmdr myla fhdaackd lrk w;r bka tla jHdmdrhla f;dard.; yelsh tfia f;dard.kq
,nk 15 fokd ioyd"

01 jHdmdr ixjOk mqyqKqj

02 ;dlaIKsl mqyqKqj

03 wuqjH WmlrK iy c ,ndoSu

04 m%d.aOkh iy uQ,sl wruqo,a imdokh

is lrk w;r jHdmdr ixjOk mqyqKqj iy ;dlaIKsl mqyqKqj wjika l< miq wjYH;djh u;
muKla wuqjH WmlrK iy c h m%udKhla ,ndfok w;r" bka ksIamdokh lsrSug
n,dfmdfrd;a;= jk ksIamdokh .=Kd;aulj iy fj<ofmd< wjYH;djhg .e,fmk f,i ksIamdokh
l< ksheoshla jHdmD;sh ioyd bosrsm;a l< hq;=h tysoS tu ksIamdokh inkaOj
iEySulg m;ajkafkak jHdmdrh wdrN lsrSug wjYH m%d.aOkh fyda wruqo,a uq,H wdh;k
u.ska imhk w;r" ksIamdokh fyda jHdmdrh ia:r udisl wdodhula iys;j mj;ajdf.k
hdug wjYH wuqjH yd c imhk w;r ksIamdok <g .ekSu jHdmD;sh u.ska islrkq ,ef

lKavdh l%uh

,xldj ;=, mj;sk urKdOdr iy iqNidOl i;sl%uh iudc ixysoshdj iy ixjOkhg

wkqmfh ldhh iuqodhla islrhs h lKavdhula talrdYS ta wh w;rska
idudcsldjka iska f;dard.kq ,nk ks<OdrS uKav,hla u.ska i;sfha md,kh islrk
w;r" f ioyd fmd jHjia:djla Nd;d lrkq ,nhs urKdOdr iy iqNidOl i;sl%ufhys
fYaI;ajh jkafka idm%odhslj mrmqfrka mrmqrg ldYkh uhs ;;ajh" wOHdmk ugu
fyda fjk;a lsis ldrkdjla uQ,sl fkdjk w;r" fmd iqNidOl wruqKla Uiafia talrdYS
ula olakg ,ef fuh iduQysl;ajh ;=,ska ldf,da; wjYH;djhka bgqlr.ekSug;a h
lgql wjia:djloS tlsfkld ;=, mj;sk ne`oS iy Wmldr u; kej; h:d ;;ajhg m;aug
wjYH miqu ksudKh lsrSug;a" oejeka; odhl;ajhla imhhs fuu l%uh Wmfhda.S
lr.kska nqoau;a Ndjh ixjOkh lrka" tlsfkld ;=, mj;sk yelshdjkag idOdrKhla
lrka jHdmdrsl wjYH;djhka imqrd .ekSug yels iy iyfhda.S;djh iy iu.sh ;=,ska
wdodh W;amdokh lsrSf l%uhla ykajd oSu ioyd jHdmD;sh u.ska lKavdh l%uh
fhdckd flf idudcsl uqo,la u.ska wdrN lrkq ,nk uqo,a ix;hla u.ska m%;s,dN
l%uhla ksudKh flf fuu.ska wfmalaId lrkq ,nkafka h iajNdl jHjikhla" urKhla
oS> ld,Sk frda.d;=r ula" jeks wjia:djloS ;u jHdmdrh mj;ajdf.k hdug wjYH
jgmsgj ilialsrSuhs

tla .%du ks<OdrS jiulska wju idudcsldjka 30 fofkl=f.ka iuka; lKavdhula

f;dard.kq ,nk w;r tu idudcsldjka ioyd iqNidOl i;s l%uhla ykajd fokq ,ef th
iajdkj mj;ajdf.k hkq ,nk i;shls fmd jHjia:djla u.ska tys md,kh isjkafkah

fuu i;s l%uh u.ska wfIalaIs; wruqKq lsysmhls

01 jHdmdr ioyd idudcsldjka f;dard .ekSf myiqj

02 jevigyka ioyd inkaO lr .ekSfoS ixksfokh lsrSf myiqj

03 lKavdhu ;=, tl iudk jHdmdr lrk idudcsldjka lsysmfofkl= isk g w;aoelS

yqjudre lr.ekSf m%jK;djh

04 fmd ldhhka is lsrSu ;=,ska iu.sNdjh yd tlsfkld ;=, mj;sk neoS iy

iyfhda.S;djh by< kxjd.; yelsu

05 jHdmdr ;=, ;r`.ldrS;ajhla we;sl< yelsu

jekS iqfYaIS jq ldhhka iuqodhla u.ska lKavdh l%uh ;=,ska id:l;ajh lrd
fhduqh yels wjia:d Wod lroSu wfIalaIdjhs

i;sfha ieliqu

oekg ls%hd;auljk idudkH iqNidOl i;shla wdldrhgu i;sh ksudKh lrk w;r
i;sfha md,kh fmd jHdjia:djla u.ska islrkq ,nhs i;sh iNdm;s" Wm
iNdm;s" f,al" Wm f,al" NdKavd.drsl yd ldrl iNdjlska hqla;h g wu;rj
inkalrK ks<OdrS ;k;=rla mj;sk w;r i;sh iy wdh;k inkaO lsrSf ldhh"
mqyqKq jevigyka ioyd idudcsldjka fhduqlsrSu fukau jHdmdrsl wjia:d inkaO
lsrSu tu ;k;=frys ldhhNdrh f

iEu uilg tla jrla i;sfha uy iNdjdrhla meje;afjk w;r tysoS fmd
wjYH;djhka iy iqNidOk lghq;= ms<snoj idlPd lrkq ,nhs fuu i;s ioyd
jHdmD;sfha ks<Odrsfhl= inkaOjk w;r jHdmdr islsrsfoS mj;sk .eg`M iy
i ms<snoj idlPd lrkq ,nhs

fuu i;sh ;=, idudcsl uqo,la whlrkq ,nk w;r idudcsldjka ;=, j:udkfha
mj;sk wd:l ;;ajhkag irs,k f,i yd ydkshla fkdjk wdldrhg islsrSug
wfmalaId flf fuu idudcsl uqo, whlsrSu u.ska islsrSug wfmalaIs; wruqKq
lsysmhla mj;S

01 mdrmrsl i;sl%uh ;=, idudcsldj r`ojd ;nd .ekSu

fuysoS n,dfmdfrd;a;= jkafka j:udkfha .u ;=, mj;sk urKdOdr yd iqNidOl

i;s wdldrfhau udkqISh ye.Sula idudcsldj ;=, cks; lsrSuhs fuu.ska i;sh
ioyd olajk odhl;ajh by< ugul r`ojd ;nd .ekSf yelshdjla mj;S

02 m%;s,dN m%odkh
idudcsldjf.a mjqf,a isjk ux., iy wjux., jeks wjia:djka iDcqju
idudcsldjf.a jHdmdrsl ;;ajhg n,mdhs fujeks wjia:djl idudcsldjg uq,Huh
iyfhda.hla ,nd oSu isl< hq;=h fuu idudcsl uqo,a whlsrSu u.ska tjeks
wjia:djl uq,Huh iyfhda.hla ,nd oSug ie<iq lr we;

03 idudcsl uqo,a ix;hla f.dvke.Su

idudcsl uqo,a ix;hla f.dvke.Su u.ska m%;s,dN ,ndoSu b;d myiq f tfukau
i;sh ;=, idudcsl;ajh orK ish`M u idudcsldjka ioyd jHdmdrsl m%d.aOkh
imhd .ekSu tl yd iudkj isl< fkdyel uq,H wdh;k u.ska Kh uqo,la ,nd
.ekSf yelshdjla fyda we;e idudcsldjkag fkdue; tfy;a fujeks ix;hla
f.dvke.Su u.ska wjYH uQ,sl m%d.aOkh jHdmD;sh ;=,ska u ,nd oS tu uqo, ,nk
wdodhu u.ska whlr.ekSf yelshdj mj;S