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GLOBAL MIGRATION
1. Total migrants of the world as of 2015
The number of international migrants persons living in a country other than where they were born
reached 244 million in 2015 for the world as a whole, a 41 per cent increase compared to 2000. (or 3.3 percent
of the worlds population), according to UN Population Division estimates. This figure includes almost 20
million refugees.
Nearly two thirds of all international migrants live in Europe (76million) or Asia (75 million). Northern
America hosts the third largest number of international migrants (54 million), followed by Africa (21 million),
Latin America and the Caribbean (9 million) and Oceania (8 million). Between 2000 and 2015, Asia added
more international migrants than any other major area of the world. Asia gained 26 million international
migrants during this period, or 1.7 million additional migrants per annum. Europe added the second largest
number of international migrants between 2000 and 2015 (20 million, or 1.3 million per year), followed by
Northern America (14 million, or 0.9 million per year) and Africa (6 million, or 0.4 million per year). Both
Latin America and the Caribbean and Oceania added comparatively smaller numbers of migrants during this
period (3 million, or 0.2 million per year each).
2. Percentage of female migrants as of 2015
Between 2000 and 2015, the female share in the global international migrant stock fell slightly, from 49.1 per
cent to 48.2 per cent. In 2015, the percentage female among all international migrants was highest in Europe
(52.4 per cent) and Northern America (51.2 per cent). It is much lower in Asia (42.0 per cent) and Africa (46.1
per cent), where male migrants significantly outnumber female migrants. Latin America and the Caribbean and
Oceania host almost equal numbers of female and male migrants.
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3. Countries send the most # of labor migrants
Migration can result in the loss of the most skilled and best educated human resources of the developing
economies. In other words, brain drain deprives the state of revenue and prevents countries of origin from
gaining an early return on the investment they have made in the education and training of those people. Most
seriously, when it involves the departure of professionals in sectors such as health and education, migration can
adversely affect the supply and quality of essential services. According to the ILO global estimates on migrant
workers, in 2013, migrant workers accounted for 150 million of the worlds approximately 232 million
international migrants.
Mostly, the problems caused by the brain drain in poorer sending countries are enormous. Migrants from
developing countries are generally more likely to stay in the host country than migrants from advanced
countries. Survey evidence on the share of foreign PhD graduates in science and technology who stay abroad
show that 79% of 1990-1991 doctoral recipients from India and 88% of those from China were still working in
the United States in 1995. In contrast, only 11% of Koreans and 15% of Japanese who earned science and
engineering (S&E) doctorates from US universities in 1990-1991 were working in the United States in 1995.
According to the International Organization for Migration (IOM), some 300 000 professionals from the African
continent live and work in Europe and North America. By some estimates, up to a third of R&D professionals
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from the developing world are believed to reside in the OECD area.
The sending countries will have to attract back these emigrants in order to assure that their fragile economies
will be able to maintain enough number of highly skilled professionals for development. Regaining them can
also bring valuable management experience, entrepreneurial skills and access to global networks. However,
experience shows that such efforts have, for most of the time, been fruitless.
One way for sending countries to alleviate the negative impact of brain drain is to facilitate the return of
migrants and their reintegration into their home communities, and to devise ways of using their skills. To
encourage the return of qualified migrants who can play a crucial role in the transfer of knowledge, skills and
technology is also a well recognized way of tackling with the issue of brain drain.
4. Countries popular destinations for labor migrants
5 most popular destination for migrant workers (base on 2014 official number):
1. Malaysia
2. Taiwan
3. Saudi arabia
4. UEA
5. Hong Kong.
The number of Indonesian migrant workers in Malaysia was twice that of Taiwan, but if we include illegal
workers it would be much higher.
PHILIPPINE MIGRATION
1. Total # of OFs
In 2013, the Commission on Filipinos Overseas (CFO) estimated that approximately 10.2 (10,238,614) million
Filipitnos worked or resided abroad. In the census year of 2010, about 12 percent of Filipinos worked or resided
abroad.
More than a million Filipinos every year leave to work abroad through overseas employment agencies, and
other programs, including government-sponsored initiatives. Overseas Filipinos often workers as doctors,
physical therapists, nurses, accountants, IT professionals, engineers, architects, entertainers, technicians,
teachers, military servicemen, seafarers, students and fast food workers.Also, many overseas workers are
women applying as domestic helpers and caregivers.Others emigrate and become permanent residents of other
countries.
The exodus includes a number of skilled workers taking on unskilled work overseas, resulting in what has been
referred to as a brain drain, affecting the health and education sectors. For example, doctors have retrained to
become nurses.
2. Countries with the most # of OFs (Top 5)
United States (3,416,840)
Saudi Arabia (1,020,000)
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United Arab Emirates (700,000)
Canada (662,600)
Malaysia (245,000)
3. Total # of OFWs as of 2015 and its occupation
Overseas Filipino Workers estimated at 2.4 million
The number of Overseas Filipino Workers (OFWs) who worked abroad at anytime during the period April to
September 2015 was estimated at 2.4 million. Overseas Contract Workers (OCWs) or those with existing work
contract comprised 97.1 percent of the total OFWs during the period April to September 2015. The rest (2.9%)
worked overseas without contract (Table 1 and Figure 1).
CALABARZON had the biggest share of OFWs
CALABARZON reported the biggest share of OFWs with 17.9 percent followed by Central Luzon with 15.1
percent and National Capital Region with 11.0 percent. OFWs from these three regions accounted for 44.0
percent of the total OFWs. Meanwhile, ARMM reported the smallest percent share of total OFWs at 1.5
percent (Table 2 and Figure 2).
The proportion of female OFWs was higher than male OFWs
The proportion of female OFWs (51.1%) was higher than male OFWs (48.9%). The largest proportion of OFWs
belonged to age group 25 to 29 years comprising 25.8 percent of all OFWs, followed by those aged 30 to 34
years with 23.2 percent. Female OFWs were younger compared to male OFWs. About seven percent of female
OFWs were in the age group 15 to 24 years and 29.5 percent were in the age group 25 to 29 years while the
corresponding percentages of male OFWs in the age groups were 6.8 percent and 21.9 percent,
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respectively. There were more male OFWs (49.3%) than female OFWs (39.4%) in age group 35 and over
(Table 3 and Figure 3).
Saudi Arabia remained the top destination of OFWs
One in every four OFWs (24.7%) worked in Saudi Arabia, which remained to be the top destination of OFWs in
April to September 2015. Other countries in Asia which were popular destinations of OFWs are United Arab
Emirates (15.5%), Hong Kong (5.9%), Kuwait (5.8%), Singapore (5.7%) and Qatar (5.5%) (Table 4 and Figure
4).
One in every three OFWs was a laborer or unskilled worker
Among occupation groups, laborers and unskilled workers (33.2%) was the biggest group of OFWs. One in
every three OFWs was a laborer or unskilled worker. About 17.6 percent worked as service workers and shop
and market sales workers. OFWs who worked as plant and machine operators and assemblers comprised 12.8
percent, and trades and related workers, 11.8 percent (Table 5 and Figure 5). More than half of the female
OFWs were laborers and unskilled workers (54.5%). Among male OFWs, the largest group were plant and
machine operators and assemblers (23.2%) and trades and related workers (23.0%).
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