LNG Design Standard PDF

Oregon LNG Project Job No.
07902
Warrenton, OR Doc No. 07902-TS-000-001 Rev 2
Engineering Design Standard Page 1 of 41
ENGINEERING DESIGN STANDARD
by
H
H C H
H
CHIV International
REV NUMBER: 0 1 2
ISSUE PURPOSE: Draft for Revised Revised
Client Client Client
Review Review Review
DATE: 05/17/07 9/17/07 10/8/07
BY: TOA TOA OOA
CHECKED: RCT OOA JAK
APPROVED: JPB AAR AAR
This document contains information that is proprietary to CHIV International, which is to be held in confidence. No disclosure or
other use of this information is permitted without the express authorization from the LNG Development Company or CHIV
International.
Oregon LNG Project Job No. 07902
INTRODUCTION.......................................................................................... 7
1 PURPOSE OF STANDARD ................................................................................. 7
2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS............................................................................. 7
2.1 Design Basis ............................................................................................................ 7
2.2 Design Codes and Standards .................................................................................. 7
2.3 Piping Specification.................................................................................................. 7
2.4 Cold Service Insulation Specification ....................................................................... 7
2.5 Instrumentation Symbols and Identification.............................................................. 7
3 BASIC DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS .................................................................. 8
3.1 General .................................................................................................................... 8
3.2 Continuous Sendout................................................................................................. 8
3.3 Designed for Maintenance ....................................................................................... 8
3.4 Plant Lighting ........................................................................................................... 9
3.5 Terminal Life Cycle................................................................................................... 9
3.6 Electromagnetic Interference ................................................................................... 9
3.7 Electronic Obsolescence........................................................................................ 10
3.8 Future Expandability............................................................................................... 10
PROCESS AND SYSTEMS DESIGN ........................................................ 10
4 PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM AND HEAT & MATERIAL BALANCES ............. 10
4.1 Process Flow Streams ........................................................................................... 10
4.2 Boiloff Gas (BOG) Calculation Assumptions .......................................................... 11
4.3 Process Simulation Cases ..................................................................................... 12
International.
5 TERMINAL LABELING / NUMBERING STANDARD........................................ 13
5.1 Terminal Areas ....................................................................................................... 13
5.2 Pipeline Numbering Convention............................................................................. 13
5.3 Equipment Classification ........................................................................................ 15

5.3.1 Equipment Sub-classification .................................................................................. 15
5.4 Equipment, Instrument and Valve Numbering Convention .................................... 16

5.4.1 3-Digit Rule.............................................................................................................. 16
5.4.2 Identical Equipment in Parallel Service................................................................... 16
5.4.3 Valve Numbering..................................................................................................... 16
5.5 Line Specification ................................................................................................... 17
6 PIPING & INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAM (P&ID) STANDARD ..................... 17
6.1 Basic Considerations ............................................................................................. 17
6.2 P&ID Numbering .................................................................................................... 17
6.3 P&ID Organization.................................................................................................. 18
6.4 PSV/TSV Standardization ...................................................................................... 18

6.4.1 Thermal Safety Valves (TSV).................................................................................. 18
6.4.2 Pressure Safety Valves (PSV) ................................................................................ 20
6.5 Vent/Drain Valves................................................................................................... 21
6.6 Field Instrumentation.............................................................................................. 22

6.6.1 Local Indication ....................................................................................................... 22
6.6.2 Combined Pipe Penetrations .................................................................................. 22
7 PIPING - GENERAL........................................................................................... 22
7.1 Design Fluid Velocities ........................................................................................... 22
7.2 Design Pressure..................................................................................................... 22
7.3 Use of Flanges ....................................................................................................... 22
7.4 De-Inventory of LNG Transfer System ................................................................... 23
International.
7.5 LNG Pipe Penetrations........................................................................................... 23
7.6 Thermal Relief Valves ............................................................................................ 23

7.6.1 Set Pressure............................................................................................................ 23
7.6.2 TSV Take-Off Elevation .......................................................................................... 23
7.6.3 TSV Discharge ........................................................................................................ 23
7.7 LNG Sample Points................................................................................................ 24
7.8 LNG Piping Headers .............................................................................................. 24
8 CRYOGENIC INSULATION ............................................................................... 24
9 CRYOGENIC INSTRUMENT PIPING DETAILS ................................................ 24
9.1 Vessel Level Instruments - General ....................................................................... 24
9.2 Liquid Level Taps on a Vessel ............................................................................... 25
9.3 Liquid Differential Pressure Taps on a Vessel ....................................................... 26
9.4 Liquid Pressure Tap on a Vessel ........................................................................... 26
9.5 Horizontal Liquid DP Flow Meters .......................................................................... 27
9.6 Vertical Liquid DP Flow Meters .............................................................................. 27
10 LNG TRANSFER AND COOLDOWN ................................................................ 28
10.1 Transfer Piping ....................................................................................................... 28
10.2 LNG Unloading Arm Cooldown and Draining......................................................... 28

10.2.1 Arm Cooldown Vent ................................................................................................ 28
10.2.2 Arm Drain ................................................................................................................ 28
10.3 Vapor Return System ............................................................................................. 28
11 LNG TANK DESIGN REQUIREMENTS............................................................. 29
11.1 LNG Tank Discretionary Vent................................................................................. 29
11.2 LNG Tank Vapor Makeup....................................................................................... 30
11.3 LNG Tank Recirculation ......................................................................................... 30
International.
11.4 LNG Tank Isolation ................................................................................................ 30
11.5 LNG Tank Boiloff Gas Flow Measurement............................................................. 30
11.6 LNG Tank Top and Bottom Fill Flow Measurement ............................................... 30
12 MAINTENANCE COOLING OF THE IMPORT TERMINAL ............................... 31
12.1 Vertical Risers ........................................................................................................ 31
12.2 Standby LNG Pumps.............................................................................................. 31
12.3 Small Bore LNG Piping .......................................................................................... 31
12.4 Zero Sendout ......................................................................................................... 31
13 VENT / DRAIN SYSTEM .................................................................................... 31
13.1 Vent System ........................................................................................................... 31
13.2 Double Block & Bleed Vents .................................................................................. 32
13.3 Vent and Drain Systems......................................................................................... 32
14 DRYOUT AND COOLDOWN ............................................................................. 32
14.1 Initial Dryout and Cooldown ................................................................................... 32
14.2 LNG Tank Cooldown .............................................................................................. 32
SAFETY DESIGN ...................................................................................... 33
15 EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN SYSTEM STANDARD.......................................... 33
15.1 Position Indicators on ESD Valves......................................................................... 33
15.2 Use of Control Valves to Serve as ESD Valves ..................................................... 33
15.3 Positioners on ESD Valves .................................................................................... 33
15.4 Emergency Shutdown System (ESD) Logic........................................................... 33

15.4.1 ESD-1: LNG Transfer Operations ........................................................................... 34
15.4.2 ESD-1-1: Unloading Arm Breakaway...................................................................... 35
15.4.3 ESD-2: Balance of Terminal.................................................................................... 35
International.
16 CAR SEALING STANDARD.............................................................................. 36
16.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................ 36
16.2 Use of Car Seals .................................................................................................... 37
17 DOUBLE BLOCK AND BLEED STANDARD.................................................... 37
ELECTRICAL DESIGN.............................................................................. 38
18 STANDBY AND BACK-UP ELECTRIC POWER............................................... 38
18.1 Standby Electric Power Generator ......................................................................... 38
18.2 Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) Systems ....................................................... 38
CONTROL SYSTEM DESIGN ................................................................... 39
19 CONTROL SYSTEM DESIGN STANDARD ...................................................... 39
19.1 Description ............................................................................................................. 39
19.2 Design Philosophy ................................................................................................. 39

19.2.1 Control Rooms ........................................................................................................ 40
19.2.2 Field Instruments..................................................................................................... 40
19.2.3 Instrumentation Power Supply ................................................................................ 40
International.
INTRODUCTION
1 PURPOSE OF STANDARD
This Standard establishes essential requirements and minimum standards for the design,
installation, and safe operation of the Oregon LNG Import Terminal that is to be
constructed on the Skipanon peninsula in Oregon by LNG Development Company. This
standard is to be used in conjunction with the Design Basis document 07902-TS-000-002.
This standard delineates areas of particular interest that the Engineer (CHIV International)
shall focus on in the preparation of the Front End Engineering Design and which EPC
companies shall integrate into their own engineering, procurement and construction (EPC)
standards.
In addition to this Standard, the Import Terminal design shall comply explicitly with the
Federal LNG Safety Code (49CFR Part 193) and NFPA 59A (2001 edition).
2 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS
2.1 Design Basis
Document 07902-TS-000-002
2.2 Design Codes and Standards
2.3 Piping Specification
2.4 Cold Service Insulation Specification
2.5 Instrumentation Symbols and Identification
ISA-5.1
International.
3 BASIC DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
3.1 General
The Import Terminal provided shall be of proven design, built to current design codes
and standards listed in the codes and standards document.
The design is further aimed at giving state-of-the-art levels of operability,

reliability, availability and maintainability. Only cryogenic equipment from vendors
who have a proven record of operation in LNG service shall be used in this Import
Terminal. This equipment shall include but not be limited to LNG unloading arms,
compressors, pressure vessels, pumps, vaporizers, vapor condensers, valves and
instrumentation. The use of different manufacturers or types of vendor-supplied
equipment for similar applications shall be minimized in order to improve the
operability and maintainability of the Import Terminal and to consolidate and
therefore minimize the holding of spare parts required.
The Import Terminal shall be designed to permit unconstrained operation over the
absolute range of ambient conditions referred to in the Design Basis. It shall be
provided with suitable weather protection to enable all operation and maintenance
procedures to be undertaken under all design weather conditions.
3.2 Continuous Sendout
The Import Terminal shall be designed to ensure that sendout gas can be maintained
continuously except in the case of a total power outage. Sufficient sparing and
equipment isolation shall be included such that normal maintenance and inspection
can be accomplished while sustaining the design gas sendout rate. A Reliability,
Availability, Maintainability (RAM) analysis, acceptable to the Owner, shall be
completed by the Engineer for the proposed design. The Import Terminal shall be
designed for 24 hour per day continuous service factor for full 365 annual days of
operation.
3.3 Designed for Maintenance
The Terminal design shall facilitate ease of on-site maintenance of all equipment,
including adequate clearance for maintenance access to all compressors and pumps.
In-place overhead lifting equipment shall be included for all compressors, pumps and
any other critical areas as determined by the Engineer. Adequate clearance shall be
provided in all such areas for the vertical removal of equipment. Double doors or
roll-up overhead doors shall be provided on compressor and pump buildings to allow
for the removal of equipment. Removable roof panels shall not be employed.
International.
Platforms, ladders, stairways, walkways and landings shall be provided as required

for access to buildings, equipment, valves and instrumentation. Generally, all valves,
instrumentation and inspection ports that are mounted at an elevation of 6 feet or
higher shall be provided with platforms for operational access.
The overall Import Terminal layout shall allow for ease of access to equipment and
buildings by a variety of vehicles including trucks and lifting equipment as well as
any other vehicles required for the operation and maintenance of the Import Terminal.
Walkways shall be provided throughout the Import Terminal for pedestrian access.
3.4 Plant Lighting
Adequate lighting shall be installed in all operational areas such that work may be
safely performed at any time. These areas include, but are not limited to the process
area, all roads and accesses, office and maintenance areas, the jetty area and tanks.
Plant lighting design shall take light pollution and energy efficiency into account.
The lighting system in the marine transfer area shall comply with the requirements of
33CFR127.109.
3.5 Terminal Life Cycle
The Import Terminal shall be designed for a life cycle of at least 25 years. After 25
years operation the Import Terminal may be subject to a program of refurbishment to
extend the life. Equipment and components normally subject to wear and
deterioration need not have a life of 25 years. This equipment shall, however, be
designed to have maximum practical life and shall be designed with adequate sparing
so as to allow for Import Terminal continuous operation at full load.
3.6 Electromagnetic Interference
The Import Terminal and equipment (including computers, control and

telecommunication systems) shall be designed to avoid generation of unacceptable
electromagnetic interference and to avoid susceptibility to such interference from
such items during testing, commissioning and normal operation. If necessary,
electromagnetic screening features shall be incorporated to ensure reliable immunity
to such interference at all times.
International.
3.7 Electronic Obsolescence
Computers, controls, instrumentation, control systems and telecommunications shall

be designed based on latest proven technology so as to avoid obsolescence and loss of
technical support from the supplier.
3.8 Future Expandability
Where future expansion plans have been identified, accommodation shall be made in
the base project to allow for this expansion with minimum future interruption of
Import Terminal operation. This may include reservation of plot plan space for future
equipment and provision of extra capacity when sizing control systems, safety
systems, pipelines/manifolds, pipe racks, utility systems, auxiliaries, cable trays and
electrical switchgear space (bus configuration). Where appropriate, tie-in points with
valves and/or blind flanges shall be provided.
PROCESS AND SYSTEMS DESIGN
4 PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM AND HEAT & MATERIAL BALANCES
4.1 Process Flow Streams
The following specific streams (conditions), at a minimum, shall be included in Heat

& Material Balance (H&MB) tables with identifying labels for each on the Process
Flow Diagram (PFD):
LNG cargo in LNG Ship upon arrival at terminal
LNG at unloading arm flange
LNG immediately prior to entering LNG Storage Tank
LNG in LNG Storage Tank receiving LNG cargo
LNG at discharge of LP Pump
LNG entering Vapor Condenser, if used
LNG exiting Vapor Condenser, if used
Condensed BOG exiting Vapor Condenser, if used
LNG to HP Pumps
LNG at inlet to LNG Vaporizer
Natural Gas at outlet of Vaporizer
International.
Vapor leaving LNG Storage Tank receiving LNG cargo

Vapor at inlet to BOG Compressors, if used
Vapor exiting BOG Compressors, if used
Vapor at inlet to Vapor Return Blowers, if used
Vapor at outlet of Vapor Return Blowers, if used
Vapor returning to ship at vapor arm flange
Heat Transfer Fluid, if used, entering LNG vaporizers
Heat Transfer Fluid, if used, exiting LNG vaporizers
Fuel gas consumed by the Heat Transfer Fluid heaters, if used.
4.2 Boiloff Gas (BOG) Calculation Assumptions
The items in Table 4.2 provide the detailed assumptions that are used in process
simulation. The results of such simulation define the sizing of the BOG handling
systems.
International.
Table 4.2 BOG Calculation Assumptions

Item Value
1,2
1) Maximum saturation pressure of ships cargo See Design Basis
on arrival
2) Ship Boiloff Rate (based on mass) See minimum boiloff rate specified in the
Design Basis
3) Ship pump head 490 feet of head at ships pumps discharge
flange; see Design Basis for head at ships
manifold3
4) LNG Tank Pressures, Full Containment Tank
Max Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP) See Design Basis
Set point of discretionary vent: See Design Basis
Normal operating pressure range See Design Basis
Operating pressure to size BOG See Design Basis
Compressor
5) Vapor Return to the ship (at Vapor Arm flange)
Flow Ship displacement less ship boiloff
Maximum temperature See Design Basis
Minimum pressure See Design Basis
6) LNG Tank Boiloff Rate (based on mass) See Design Basis
7) Excess BOG Compressor Sizing (Worst case) 0%
8) Subcooled condition of Effluent from BOG Subcooled by 10F
Condenser
4.3 Process Simulation Cases
The FEED shall include, at minimum, the following design cases with the typical
LNG compositions listed in the Design Basis:
Case 1 - Zero Sendout, No Carrier Unloading
Case 2 - Minimum Sendout Rate required for full vapor handling (no venting),
No Carrier Unloading
1
The saturation pressure is the equilibrium pressure, not to be confused with the ship tank vapor pressure.
2
This is an extremely important parameter in sizing of the Vapor Handling Systems and should be stated
explicitly in any LNG purchase agreement.
3
To be confirmed after shipping agreements are completed.
International.
Case 3 - Minimum Sendout Rate required for full vapor handling (no venting),
With Carrier Unloading
Case 4 - Peak Sendout (1.5 bscfd), With Carrier Unloading
Case 5 - Peak Sendout (1.5 bscfd), No Carrier Unloading
5 TERMINAL LABELING / NUMBERING STANDARD
5.1 Terminal Areas
The Terminal shall be divided into a finite number of process4 and other system areas
with equipment in any given area being numbered to identify that area; e.g., Area 100
equipment will be 100 series equipment. Terminal area codes are used for both
document and equipment identification; for example, drawings involving low
pressure process will be 200 series drawings and equipment and line numbers
involving low pressure process will be 200 series numbered equipment and lines.
Code Description
000 General, Miscellaneous, Informational
100 Dock/Pier Process Systems
200 On-shore, Low Pressure (150#) Process Systems
300 High Pressure Process Systems
400 Auxiliaries Supporting Process (Heat Transfer Fluid Systems,
Compressor Lube Oil Systems, steam, etc.)
500 Electrical
600 Fire Detection/Mitigation Systems, including LNG Spill Containment
Sumps
700 Control System
800 Civil Works (Buildings, Roads, etc.)
900 Utilities
5.2 Pipeline Numbering Convention
Pipeline numbers shall follow the line numbering convention shown in Figure 5.2:
4
LNG, NG, Vent and Fuel Gas; may also show nitrogen lines associated with process.
International.
Figure 5.2 Line Numbering Convention
where,
Line Service is the fluid in that given line (See 07902-PI-000-007 for total
listing of services).
Line Number is a unique number associated with the specific Line Service.
Note that;
o Where line sizes change due to a change in line function, separate line
numbers will be assigned
o Where line sizes change in telescoping headers for economical purposes, it
is not necessary to assign unique line numbers
Line Number Modifier is typically A B C, etc. for identical, parallel
equipment5.
Line Size is the Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) in inches.
Line Specification defines the metallurgy, pressure and temperature rating of
the line in question (See 07902-PI-000-007 for listing of Line Specifications).
Insulation Specification defines the thickness and type of the insulation (if used)
of the line in question (See 07902-PI-000-007 for listing of insulation
Specifications).
5
Sometimes A or B may be used to define manifold branches rather than parallel service.
International.
5.3 Equipment Classification
Major equipment shall be assigned abbreviation designations as follows:

Type of Equipment Designation
Buildings / Shelters A
Boilers / Heaters B
Compressors / Blowers C
Drums / Pressure Vessels D
Heat Exchangers / Vaporizers E
Fire Fighting F
Fire Water Monitor FM
Fire Water Hydrant FH
Fire Water Hose Reel FR
Generators G
HVAC / Building Heaters H
Special Equipment / Packaged Equipment Skids L
Motors M
Pumps P
Tanks T
Manual Valves
(no remote control or powered operator) V
5.3.1 Equipment Sub-classification
Equipment that is dedicated to a given piece of equipment, part of vendor

packages and/or related to certain hazard mitigation equipment may
sometimes include multiple letter designations. For example:
The motor of a pump may be designated with PM, where the P
indicates it is a pump and the M indicates it is the motor on that pump.
The compressor that is part of an instrument air package may have the
designation LC, where L indicates it is Packaged and C indicates the
Compress in that package.
The pump that is part of a fire protection package, such as a high
expansion foam system, may have the design nation FLP, where F
indicated Fire Fighting, L indicates it is part of a vendor package and
P indicates it is a pump.
International.
5.4 Equipment, Instrument and Valve Numbering Convention
To aid in electronic sorting and electronic filing of equipment information, equipment

shall be labeled first by the classification (Section 5.3) designation followed by a
unique number for the piece of equipment. For example a pressure vessel would be
D-203.
5.4.1 3-Digit Rule
Due to the relatively small number of systems and units of an LNG import
terminal, equipment, instrument and valve numbers shall be limited to 3
digits. For example: a pressure control valve in Area 100 PV-102; an LNG
pump in Area 200 P-202, a flow controller in Area 300 FIC-302. If the
Engineers design software requires 4 digits, then the first digit shall always
be 0 (zero).
The three digit equipment number shall be unique.6 For example if the C-204
is the BOG Compressors, there should be no other piece of equipment sharing
the 204 designation, unless there is an A/B/C modifier (see below) or that
piece of equipment is directly associated with the C-204, such as its electric
motor which would be the CM-204.
5.4.2 Identical Equipment in Parallel Service
Identical equipment (process equipment, valves, instrumentation, relief

valves, etc.) and piping in parallel operation shall be given A/B/C modifiers of
the same basic equipment number and not a wholly unrelated numbering.
This rule shall also apply to line numbers, as well. For example: FV-110A
and FV-110B; T-201A and T-201B; PIC-320A and PIC-320B; TSV-310A
and TSV-310B; and LNG-205A-12" and LNG-205B-12".
5.4.3 Valve Numbering
Control valves shall follow the ISA-5.1 standard for valve numbering.
All manual valves, regardless of size, shall be uniquely identified in the final
design. All valve numbers shall be shown on the P&IDs. Manual (hand)
valves shall use the designation V. Please note the numbering system for
valves associated with PSVs and TSVs discussed under the PSV/TSV
Standardization in Section 6.4 below. A permanent, weatherproof tag
indicating the unique identifier shall be affixed to each valve, manual or
6
Instruments, valve numbers and line numbers, however can share the same three digit number.
International.
control, and each piece of instrumentation. These shall be supplied and

installed by the vendor supplying each item.
5.5 Line Specification
Due to the relatively small number of piping classes typically used in an LNG import
terminal, line specifications shall be limited to 4 digits, with a fifth digit permitted to
indicate above or below grade, if necessary. The Engineers standard line
specifications might have more digits, in which case the Engineer shall use the 4 digit
convention with a cross reference. The primary criteria of interest are the pressure
rating of the piping and the metallurgy. A table of the Line Specifications used is
included in 07902-PI-000-007. See LNG Plant Piping Specification for more
information on Line Specifications.
6 PIPING & INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAM (P&ID) STANDARD
6.1 Basic Considerations

1. Provide alphanumeric grid [A-1] on all P&IDs.
2. Identical or similar pages of P&IDs shall have same drawing number with a
trailing two-digit sequential identifier (-01, -02 etc.)
3. Provide a Table of Contents of the P&IDs (Drawing List) and Equipment List
indexed by P&ID number on the first page of the P&ID set.
4. Provide equipment specifications for equipment above or below each piece of
equipment.
5. Process line connectors should leave and enter P&ID pages in approximate
similar locations.
6. Pipe specification class breaks shall be properly designated and shown.
6.2 P&ID Numbering
The P&ID Number is composed of the following codes as depicted in the example
below:
XXXXX-PI-YYY-ZZZ-WW
where
XXXXX = five digit CHIV Project Number. For this project, the project
number is 07902
International.
PI = Document Type (here PI = Piping & Instrumentation Diagram)

YYY = Terminal Area, as described in Section 5.1
ZZZ = Page Number, starting with the Sequence Number as described in Section
6.3
WW = two-digit sequential identifier, to be used only for multiple identical or
similar P&IDs
6.3 P&ID Organization
The P&IDs shall be in numerical sequence organized7 in the following order; the
Sequence Number is the first number of the 3-digit page number:
Sequence Number Contents
Introductory (Index of P&IDs, Abbreviations, Line Service,

0 Symbols, General Notes, Typical sketches, Line
Specifications, etc.).
LNG, Boiloff, Natural Gas and Fuel Gas Piping and

1
Systems
Auxiliaries Supporting Sequence Number 1 Equipment,

4 e.g., heat transfer fluid systems, lube oil systems for
compressors/blowers, etc.
6 Hazard Detection and Mitigation Systems
Utility Systems, e.g., Instrument Air, Nitrogen Systems,

9
various non-fire water systems, etc.
6.4 PSV/TSV Standardization
6.4.1 Thermal Safety Valves (TSV)
All TSVs (Thermal Safety Valve) systems (including all valves) shall be
shown on the P&IDs. Valve numbering and arrangement for each TSV shall
follow the convention shown in Figures 6.4.1-1 and 6.4.1-2 unless there is a
7
Not to be confused with Terminal Area (See Section 5.1).
International.
site-specific reason to deviate. The pressure set point for the TSV shall be
shown adjacent to the TSV number.
Figure 6.4.1-1 TSV System Valve Arrangement and Numbering Standardization Low and Medium Pressure
Systems
International.
Figure 6.4.1-2 TSV System Valve Arrangement and Numbering Standardization, High Pressure Systems
6.4.2 Pressure Safety Valves (PSV)
A very similar standardization shall be used for Process Safety Valves (PSV).
International.
6.5 Vent/Drain Valves
All low and intermediate pressure vent points in LNG service, exclusive of lines
served by TSV or PSV, require two valves: one venting into the BOG Header or Low
Point Drain system and a second valve vented to atmosphere. For high pressure
systems (>900#), additional block and bleed valves are required. These
configurations are shown in Figure 6.4.2-1.
Figure 6.4.2-1 Vent / Drain Valve Standardization
International.
6.6 Field Instrumentation
6.6.1 Local Indication
Use local indicating instrument transmitters in lieu of a local gauge and

separate transmitter wherever possible. Exceptions would include where the
transmitter is not readily visible, in which case a local indicator may be
required. This determination is on a case-by-case basis after piping layout has
been resolved.
6.6.2 Combined Pipe Penetrations
The Engineer shall combine pipe penetrations wherever possible. For

example, if PT and PDT are found together, use the upstream tap of PDT for
PT.
7 PIPING - GENERAL
7.1 Design Fluid Velocities
Maximum design steady-state velocities:

Low Pressure LNG ........................ 10 ft/sec
High Pressure LNG ........................ 15 ft/sec
LNG Unloading Lines......................20 ft/sec
LNG Vapor .................................... 75 ft/sec
Heat Transfer Fluid ........................ 10 ft/sec
7.2 Design Pressure
Note: For FERC jurisdictional facilities such as Oregon LNG, the specified design
pressure of all pressure retaining components in each cryogenic or natural gas piping
system shall be no less than the pressure rating of the piping in that system.
7.3 Use of Flanges
All efforts shall be made to meet the intent of NFPA 59A-2006 Section 9.3.1.4 shall
be met by minimizing the use of flanges in cryogenic piping. All cryogenic valves
are to be welded unless specifically identified otherwise. Vessels and equipment
shall use welded connections, except where entry for inspections or maintenance after
start-up is anticipated or required, such as exchangers. In these cases there shall be a
International.
case-by-case evaluation to confirm flanges are required. Belleville washers shall be

utilized for all flanged connections in LNG or cryogenic service.
7.4 De-Inventory of LNG Transfer System
Provisions shall be made to allow for the de-inventorying of LNG Transfer Systems
following start-up of the Import Terminal. Every isolation/control/ESD valve in the
LNG Transfer system shall have de-inventory bypasses to be sized by the Engineer.
The design shall include a manual valve and check valve to the tank side of the valve.
All piping shall be sloped accordingly to allow de-inventorying. There shall be
similar de-inventory systems at the fill line into each tank.
7.5 LNG Pipe Penetrations
Small diameter weld penetrations increase pipe thermal stresses during cooldown.
Consequently, all piping penetrations for vents, drains and sensing lines for
instruments shall be evaluated. If the thermal stresses for a given penetration cannot
be diminished by pipe hangers or pipe supports, the penetration shall be a minimum
of 2". All efforts shall be made to minimize the number and size of penetrations.
Wherever possible, combine penetrations for sensing lines for levels, pressures and
differential pressures for both local and remote instrumentation.
7.6 Thermal Relief Valves
7.6.1 Set Pressure
Thermal Safety Valves (TSV) shall be set for no less than the design pressure
of the line based on flange rating, even if no flanges are present on that
system.
7.6.2 TSV Take-Off Elevation
All TSV installations shall take into consideration the elevation of the take-off
relative to the piping being protected such that its discharge shall not result in
releasing LNG from piping of higher elevation.
7.6.3 TSV Discharge
Note: For FERC jurisdictional facilities such as Oregon LNG, TSVs should
discharge into an independent collection system or directly into an LNG line.
International.
7.7 LNG Sample Points
LNG sample points shall be located in such a way that potential for contamination
from flows from other sources is eliminated. For example, the LNG transfer sample
point shall be located before the tie-in of the recirculation cooling line. Similarly,
LNG samples from individual tanks must be located on the dedicated pump out line
from that LNG Storage Tank upstream of the LNG Storage Tank recirculation
crossover.
7.8 LNG Piping Headers
LNG headers and dead headed piping shall be provided with a means for maintenance
cooling. Piping that serves in intermittent operation shall also be provided with a
means for maintenance cooling.
8 CRYOGENIC INSULATION
See the Cold Service Insulation Specification for details on insulation of cold and
cryogenic services.
9 CRYOGENIC INSTRUMENT PIPING DETAILS
9.1 Vessel Level Instruments - General
All pressure vessels with at least two level systems should have one for the expected
operating range and the second covering tangent to tangent (minimum).
International.
9.2 Liquid Level Taps on a Vessel
International.
9.3 Liquid Differential Pressure Taps on a Vessel
9.4 Liquid Pressure Tap on a Vessel
International.
9.5 Horizontal Liquid DP Flow Meters
9.6 Vertical Liquid DP Flow Meters
International.
10 LNG TRANSFER AND COOLDOWN
10.1 Transfer Piping
It is the preference of the Owner that the transfer piping should be configured with
one large bore (>32") and one small bore line. Line sizing shall remain the
responsibility of the Engineer. However, LNG recirculation rates to maintain piping
temperatures shall be based on a maximum LNG temperature rise of 10F but no less
than 500 gpm, whichever controls. The temperature difference shall be measured on
the LNG Recirculation Line and the LNG Transfer Line as close to the fill header as
practical.
10.2 LNG Unloading Arm Cooldown and Draining
10.2.1 Arm Cooldown Vent
The cooldown vent for each unloading arm shall be located as high on the arm
riser as possible to facilitate the removal of cooldown vapor. The vent line
should be routed to the Jetty Drum. LNG from the Jetty Drum can be forced
into the LNG header with nitrogen.
10.2.2 Arm Drain
The piping for each arm shall be sloped toward the LNG header with a
remotely controllable bypass valve around each LNG arm valve. Nitrogen
pressure shall be used to de-inventory the LNG arms into the LNG header and
back onto the ship.
10.3 Vapor Return System
The vapor return system shall be configured with the minimum configurations as
depicted in Figure 10.3 below:
A Spray Desuperheater for cooling of the vapor return at the beginning of the
vapor return operation.
A bi-directional Jetty Drum (located downstream of the Spray Desuperheater)
sized for carryover of LNG from unloading arm cooldown, build-up of heavies
during desuperheater operation and residual LNG following unloading arm
draining. Capability to use either nitrogen to empty residual LNG into the LNG
circulation stream following each unloading.
Note: For FERC jurisdictional facilities such as Oregon LNG, the elevation of
the Jetty Drum must also allow for the future addition of LNG pumps.
International.
The capability to take vapor from the ship, with the expectation that the ship
will be required to use its onboard vapor compressors.
Pressure control of vapor return arm when returning vapor to the ship.
A separate pressure control for accepting vapor from the ship.
Figure 10.3 Vapor Return System
11 LNG TANK DESIGN REQUIREMENTS
11.1 LNG Tank Discretionary Vent
There shall be a single Vent Header pressure control valve connected at or near the
high point of the BOG Header. The valve shall operate on the highest gauge pressure
sensed on any of the LNG Storage Tanks. There shall be no additional vents/drains
entering the piping between this valve and the Flare Stack. The Vent System
downstream of the Vent Header pressure control valve shall be swept with a minimal
flow of nitrogen gas.
International.
Note: For FERC jurisdictional facilities such as Oregon LNG, a discretionary vent
atop each LNG storage tank shall be provided with a remotely-operated discretionary
vent.
11.2 LNG Tank Vapor Makeup
The Engineer shall determine if, at high sendout rates when a ship is not unloading,
there is the need to send gas to the vapor spaces of the LNG Storage Tank due to the
draw down of the LNG from the tank(s). If required, the primary source of this
make-up gas is from vaporized LP Pump discharge. This vaporized LNG shall be
injected into the BOG Header upstream of the BOG Drum. The lowest pressure from
the low select relay from the LNG Storage Tank vapor pressure transmitters shall
serve as the process variable from which the pressure controller operates. A backup
BOG make up system shall also be incorporated into the design.
11.3 LNG Tank Recirculation
Provision shall be made to circulate the LNG in any given tank from bottom to top at
the maximum pumping rate of all of the installed pumps for a given tank. This
recirculation shall be accomplished without interfering with normal LNG Jetty
recirculation and sendout flows.
11.4 LNG Tank Isolation
LNG Storage Tanks shall be provided with isolation flanges and/or valves to allow a
tank to be taken out of service while normal terminal operations continue using other
tanks.
11.5 LNG Tank Boiloff Gas Flow Measurement
Note: For FERC jurisdictional facilities such as Oregon LNG, flow measurement
shall be provided for boiloff gas exiting each LNG storage tank.
11.6 LNG Tank Top and Bottom Fill Flow Measurement
Note: For FERC jurisdictional facilities such as Oregon LNG, flow measurement
shall be provided for LNG entering the top and bottom fill lines of each storage tank.
Flow measurement is indicative only and is to be used to ensure the tank fill rates are
not exceeded. This flow measurement needs to be accurate only in the range of the
maximum permitted fill rate.
International.
12 MAINTENANCE COOLING OF THE IMPORT TERMINAL
12.1 Vertical Risers
Provision shall be made to circulate all vertical risers (fill and pump discharge) on
each LNG Storage Tank with LNG for the purposes of maintenance cooling.
Provision shall also be provided to prevent geysering of these lines.
12.2 Standby LNG Pumps
Provision shall be made to assure that all LNG pumps in stand-by service are
maintained in a fully cooled down state ready for operation.
12.3 Small Bore LNG Piping
Piping of 8" or less may be designed for rapid cooling. Long runs of piping greater
than 8" shall be provided means to maintenance cool the section of pipe. The
technique most often can be accomplished with a 2" line with a restriction orifice
(RO) installed as a bypass on a closed control valve.
12.4 Zero Sendout
During periods when there is no LNG sendout, provision shall be made to maintain
all LNG piping in a fully cooled down state ready for operation.
13 VENT / DRAIN SYSTEM
13.1 Vent System
The Terminal shall be designed to minimize fugitive emissions with no venting

during all normal operations. All LNG and NG relief valves (excluding LNG Storage
Tank, fuel gas and vaporizer outlet relief valves) shall relieve to a closed relief
system that is in common with the LNG Storage Tank vapor spaces. In case of
excess relief system pressure, the BOG Header pressure control valve shall direct gas
to the Flare Stack. A continuous nitrogen gas sweep shall be incorporated
downstream of the control valve to ensure proper purging of the Flare Stack. See
Section 11.1 also.
International.
13.2 Double Block & Bleed Vents
All de-pressuring vents associated with Double Block and Bleed isolation systems
shall have both a valve to the Vent/Drain System and an ambient bleed valve (See
Section Error! Reference source not found.).
13.3 Vent and Drain Systems
There shall be separate vent and drain header system for gas and for liquids. These
header systems shall drain into an uninsulated Low Point Drain Drum, which vents
into the BOG Header. The Low Point Drain Drum shall be designed to allow
isolation and pressurization for heavy hydrocarbon liquid removal. Additionally,
provision shall be made to allow personnel to perform draining operations without
being in the proximity of the drum.
Note: For FERC jurisdictional facilities such as Oregon LNG, an alternate car sealed
closed drain line will be provided to return liquids to the LNG Tanks.
14 DRYOUT AND COOLDOWN
14.1 Initial Dryout and Cooldown
Design provisions shall be made for the initial dryout and cool down of the LNG
Transfer System in preparation for unloading the first LNG ship.
Similar design provisions shall be made for the initial dryout and cool down of the
balance of Terminal LNG piping.
14.2 LNG Tank Cooldown
Each LNG Storage Tank shall have the capability of using LNG or liquid nitrogen
(LIN) for its initial cooldown. Appropriate design temperatures for this equipment
shall be used.
International.
SAFETY DESIGN
15 EMERGENCY SHUTDOWN SYSTEM STANDARD
15.1 Position Indicators on ESD Valves
All ESD valves shall have position indicators. Open/close valve position switches
and/or valve position indication feedback are acceptable.
15.2 Use of Control Valves to Serve as ESD Valves
On a case-by-case basis, control valves can also be used as ESD valves where such
use does not diminish the intent of the ESD activation. This may also require higher
degrees of shut off, fire-safe installation and provision of hand wheels to some valves.
15.3 Positioners on ESD Valves
On a case-by-case basis, positioners are permitted to be added to ESD valves to

provide remotely controllable, throttle-able operation. All valves require independent
valve position switches indicating when the valve is not fully closed.
15.4 Emergency Shutdown System (ESD) Logic
The Emergency Shutdown System (ESD) is provided to initiate closure of valves and
shutdown of process drivers under emergency situations. All other shutdowns that
are process related trips are not emergency shutdowns. The ESD system has three
elements:
ESD-1: Shutdown of unloading operations and isolation of the jetty
ESD-1-1: Activates the Emergency Release Couplings (ERC) on all of the arms.
ESD-2: Shutdown of LNG/NG sendout operations including ESD-1.
The demarcation of the various ESD zones is depicted in Figure 15.4.
International.
Figure 15.4 ESD Zones
15.4.1 ESD-1: LNG Transfer Operations
Actuation of ESD-1 leads to suspension of unloading operations, isolation of

loading arms and vapor return arm and isolation of Pier/Shore transfer line.
The following actions are performed on activation of ESD 1 for the Pier/Off-
shore area:
ESD valves on unloading arms and vapor return arm are closed.
Process valves on the off-shore piping with ESD function are closed.
LNG unloading pumps on the ship trip and ships manifold valves are
closed (through ship/ shore umbilical signal).
Pier/shore ESD isolation valves are closed.
ESD-1 is manually actuated by:

ESD push buttons located in the Platform Control Room and the Main
Control Room.
International.
ESD push buttons centrally located close to the LNG unloading arms and
vapor return arm.
ESD push buttons are located at the Pier/Shore interface.
The ships Cargo Officer.
ESD-1 is automatically operated on the following:

Actuation of the 1st stage over-reach alarm (apex or slew angle) on any of
the unloading arms or vapor return arm.
Activation of cross-zoned fire or spill detectors.
Activation of a cross-zoned gas detectors HH limit alarm.
ESD-1 leads to complete shutdown of the platform unloading operation and

isolation of process lines to/from the pier.
15.4.2 ESD-1-1: Unloading Arm Breakaway
Actuation of ESD-1-1 leads to the following actions:

Activation of the Emergency Release Couplings (ERC) on all of the
arms.
Activation of ESD-1.
ESD-1-1 is manually actuated through:

ESD push buttons located (TBD during design).
ESD-1-1 is automatically operated on the following:

2nd stage overreach of apex or slew angle alarm on any of the loading
arms or vapor return arm.
15.4.3 ESD-2: Balance of Terminal
ESD-2 shuts down the operations on the process systems (LNG and NG) so as
to minimize potential release of hydrocarbon in an emergency. Activation of
ESD-2 automatically initiates ESD-1.
Actuation of ESD-2 leads to the following actions:

LP Pumps trip.
The inlet and outlet valves to the LNG Tank close.
HP Pumps trip.
International.
Vapor Return Blowers and BOG Compressors trip.

Valves on LNG inlet and outlet to the Condenser/HP Drum area close.
Valves on LNG inlet to vaporizers close.
ESD-2 action is initiated manually by activation of any single push button at

the following locations:
Near the HP Pumps.
Near the Condenser.
Near the Compressor Building.
Near the Vaporizers.
Main Control Room.
On the pier and at other locations determined during review of the Fire
Safety System.
16 CAR SEALING STANDARD
16.1 Introduction
The Owner recognizes that a management plan for control/monitoring of all valves is
warranted and a program will be developed to meet the operational and safety
requirements for personnel protection and equipment/piping integrity and
environmental protection. Foremost to the Owner is the implementation of a program
that prevents an improper valve alignment, which creates an unsafe condition for
personnel, and secondly, implementation of a program to provide contingency
protection when removing an over-pressure safety device from service. A rigorously
enforced car seal program permits a sizable reduction in the number of thermal relief
valves installed in a import terminal without reducing the level of safety and
protection to the piping system.
For these purposes, the Car Seal Program will be developed. A car seal is a physical
tie that once installed must be cut or broken for the valve to be operated. Each valve
when sealed has two identically numbered weather-proof discs. One is permanently
attached to the valve body while the other is attached with a car seal to the valve in a
manner that prevents the valve from being operated without breaking the seal.
A Car Sealed Open (CSO) valve is equivalent to an open section of pipe from a
process design standpoint whereas a Car Sealed Closed (CSC) valve is equivalent to a
weld cap.
International.
16.2 Use of Car Seals
Car seals are devices used on valves with equipment or piping when:
1) They provide personnel protection from inadvertent ambient release.
Example: A vent valve to atmosphere should be CSC if inadvertent operation
while in normal operation results in a pressurized stream of LNG being
released.
2) Improper position results in effectively removing relief valve protection.
Example: Inlet and outlet block valves must be CSO on any relief valve.
Similarly, the sensing lines for pilot operated relief valves shall be CSO.
3) Relatively minor operating error with potential to trap a cryogenic fluid in a
section of pipe.
Example: Any isolation valve on a piece of equipment shall be CSO if its
closure could result in trapping of LNG in a section of pipe not protected by a
thermal relief.
4) They assure the proper alignment of the fire suppression and protection systems.
Example: The main firewater system block valve to fire water distribution shall
be CSO.
5) The loss of equipment being protected has the potential to create an upset in the
process and/or produce significant economic cost.
Example: Any isolation valve on LNG pump recycle lines shall be CSO.
6) Documentation of valve use as required by the Import Terminal SPCC Plan.
Example: The bypass valve on a wastewater treatment/collection system shall
be CSC if it leads directly to the outfall.
7) They potentially minimize the frequency of maintenance of LNG process
equipment.
Example: Any isolation valve on the pump pot vent shall be CSO in order to
provide the thermal path to insure no vapor lock in the pot.
17 DOUBLE BLOCK AND BLEED STANDARD
To assure 100% reliable operation and employee safety, the Import Terminal shall be
designed with the following philosophy regarding non-instrumentation equipment
isolation:
LNG service - Equipment shall be isolated from all sources of LNG using a Double
Block and Bleed (two block valves depressured by an intermediary valve to vent)
philosophy. Check valves shall not be considered as block valves for this purpose.
International.
Cold (-40) and cryogenic gas service at 150 # class and below - Equipment shall
be isolated from a source of cryogenic gas by a single block valve.
Cold (-40) and cryogenic gas service at 300 # class and above - Equipment shall
be isolated from a source of cryogenic gas by a Double Block and Bleed
philosophy. Check valves shall not be considered as block valves for this purpose.
Warm (above -40) gas service for 150 # class - A single block valve shall be
sufficient.
Warm (above -40) gas service for 300 # class and above - A Double Block and
Bleed philosophy shall apply. Check valves shall not be considered as block valves
for this purpose.
Situations not covered above shall be handled individually and shall be based on a
Hazards Analysis and/or a RAM analysis.
ELECTRICAL DESIGN
18 STANDBY AND BACK-UP ELECTRIC POWER
18.1 Standby Electric Power Generator
One 100% standby power generator set shall be provided, capable of providing
enough power to maintain LNG circulation via operation of one LP Pump, Terminal
lighting, all control systems and provide for the operation of all other necessary
auxiliary systems.
18.2 Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) Systems
The 2 x 100% UPS system shall have a minimum combined battery life of 4 hours.
The UPS unit(s) shall be rated for 120% of its related load and include an output
automatic static transfer switch to an alternative 3 VAC supply, an emergency
manual bypass switch for supply from a different 3 [440/230] VAC supply, and all
necessary indications with local alarm lamps and remote alarms in the Main Control
Room. The UPS units shall be located in air-conditioned rooms, and may be included
in the AC switchgear or DC switchboard rooms as required and shall assure the
operation and functioning of the process controls, ESD, and Fire Safety systems. The
UPS shall be powered by either NiCad or Valve Regulated Lead Acid (VRLA)
batteries.
International.
CONTROL SYSTEM DESIGN
19 CONTROL SYSTEM DESIGN STANDARD
19.1 Description
The control systems shall be comprised of a single vendor distributed control system
(DCS) and operator interface, instrumentation, cabling, terminations, enclosures,
marshalling, etc. The Distributed Control System shall allow communication with
each instrument sub-system via Modbus RTU protocol, utilizing Ethernet or serial
connections, or hardwired connections. The DCS shall provide the sole means of
process remote control and supervision of the Import Terminal from the Main Control
Room (MCR) and at the Jetty Control Room (JCR).
Stand alone, single vendor Safety Instrumented System (SIS) and Hazard Detection
& Mitigation System (HDMS), which may be programmable logic controller (PLC)-
based, shall be provided to continuously monitor and alert the operator of hazardous
conditions throughout the terminal. The SIS and HDMS shall be fault-tolerant and be
designed in such a manner as to eliminate sources of single point failure. Monitoring
capability for these systems shall be provided via graphic display screens and/or
mimic panel displays located in the MCR and the JCR. SIS and HDMS shall be
interfaced with the DCS.
19.2 Design Philosophy
The control system shall be designed and configured such that no single component
failure will result in a Terminal trip, failure to inhibit a hazard condition or loss of
control. To achieve this, all provided components shall be readily maintainable
during operations. Online replacement should be possible. Protection and trip
parameters shall be sampled through multiple inputs and use a majority logic voting
system.
The DCS shall have the capability to monitor, control, display, alarm, record and
trend all assigned inputs and outputs. The operator interfaces shall be simple and
clear and based on good Human Factor Engineering principles.
The system architecture consists of the following sub-systems:

Distributed Control Systems (DCS)
Operating and Monitoring System
Engineering Workstations
International.
Maintenance Workstations
Bus system for the communication between I&C components and stand-alone
sub-systems (e.g., compressor control system).
Safety systems (SIS and HDMS)
19.2.1 Control Rooms
The MCR, PCR and Administration Building shall contain the operator
interface or Human-Machine Interface (HMI). The HMI shall be through
computer-based workstations, running specialized software designed for that
purpose. The DCS link to the HMI shall be provided for the collection and
management of process data. The DCS should have the startup, operation,
alarm management and normal shutdown logic. The MCR shall have a raised
computer floor for ease of access and upgrades with room for the fire
suppression system. The Administration Building shall be limited to
monitoring capability.
19.2.2 Field Instruments
Field instruments may be connected via remote distributed I/O panels located
in weatherproof enclosures or via marshalling racks in the Local Control
Shelters (LCS). The location of LCS shall be based on Terminal process area.
19.2.3 Instrumentation Power Supply
All control and instrumentation systems throughout the terminal shall be

provided with Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) power to support
operation after loss of power. Power for the DCS, SIS and HDMS equipment
shall be provided by redundant 120 VAC, 60Hz 5% power supplies (UPS).
The power feed from each separate UPS shall be capable of supplying the full
load of the system. These power systems for each system shall provide power
for a minimum of 4 hours.
The power system to controllers and I/O for associated process, SIS and
HDMS shall be supplied with 24 VDC and have integral automatic and
bumpless backup. Power system alarming shall be provided in the DCS.
Control system equipment shall be supplied with appropriate fuse and circuit
breaker protection for all AC and DC power distribution, field devices, etc.
All field loop power shall be 24 VDC.
The SIS and HDMS cabinets shall be powered from two 24 VDC battery
backed up sources. The SIS and HDMS shall be designed such that all
chassis power supplies are rated for 150% of the maximum calculated load.
International.
Each 24 VDC power supply must be rated to supply full loads with power
distributed so that one supply can be removed for maintenance without de-
energizing any critical equipment.
International.

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Oregon LNG Project Job No.

ENGINEERING DESIGN STANDARD

1 PURPOSE OF STANDARD ................................................................................. 7

2.1 Design Basis ............................................................................................................ 7

2.2 Design Codes and Standards .................................................................................. 7

2.3 Piping Specification.................................................................................................. 7

2.4 Cold Service Insulation Specification ....................................................................... 7

2.5 Instrumentation Symbols and Identification.............................................................. 7

3 BASIC DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS .................................................................. 8

3.1 General .................................................................................................................... 8

3.2 Continuous Sendout................................................................................................. 8

3.3 Designed for Maintenance ....................................................................................... 8

3.4 Plant Lighting ........................................................................................................... 9

3.5 Terminal Life Cycle................................................................................................... 9

3.6 Electromagnetic Interference ................................................................................... 9

3.7 Electronic Obsolescence........................................................................................ 10

3.8 Future Expandability............................................................................................... 10

PROCESS AND SYSTEMS DESIGN ........................................................ 10

4 PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM AND HEAT & MATERIAL BALANCES ............. 10

4.1 Process Flow Streams ........................................................................................... 10

4.2 Boiloff Gas (BOG) Calculation Assumptions .......................................................... 11

4.3 Process Simulation Cases ..................................................................................... 12

5 TERMINAL LABELING / NUMBERING STANDARD........................................ 13

5.1 Terminal Areas ....................................................................................................... 13

5.2 Pipeline Numbering Convention............................................................................. 13

5.3 Equipment Classification ........................................................................................ 15

5.4 Equipment, Instrument and Valve Numbering Convention .................................... 16

5.5 Line Specification ................................................................................................... 17

6 PIPING & INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAM (P&ID) STANDARD ..................... 17

6.1 Basic Considerations ............................................................................................. 17

6.2 P&ID Numbering .................................................................................................... 17

6.3 P&ID Organization.................................................................................................. 18

6.4 PSV/TSV Standardization ...................................................................................... 18

6.5 Vent/Drain Valves................................................................................................... 21

6.6 Field Instrumentation.............................................................................................. 22

7.1 Design Fluid Velocities ........................................................................................... 22

7.2 Design Pressure..................................................................................................... 22

7.3 Use of Flanges ....................................................................................................... 22

7.4 De-Inventory of LNG Transfer System ................................................................... 23

7.5 LNG Pipe Penetrations........................................................................................... 23

7.6 Thermal Relief Valves ............................................................................................ 23

7.7 LNG Sample Points................................................................................................ 24

7.8 LNG Piping Headers .............................................................................................. 24

8 CRYOGENIC INSULATION ............................................................................... 24

9 CRYOGENIC INSTRUMENT PIPING DETAILS ................................................ 24

9.1 Vessel Level Instruments - General ....................................................................... 24

9.2 Liquid Level Taps on a Vessel ............................................................................... 25

9.3 Liquid Differential Pressure Taps on a Vessel ....................................................... 26

9.4 Liquid Pressure Tap on a Vessel ........................................................................... 26

9.5 Horizontal Liquid DP Flow Meters .......................................................................... 27

9.6 Vertical Liquid DP Flow Meters .............................................................................. 27

10 LNG TRANSFER AND COOLDOWN ................................................................ 28

10.1 Transfer Piping ....................................................................................................... 28

10.2 LNG Unloading Arm Cooldown and Draining......................................................... 28

10.3 Vapor Return System ............................................................................................. 28

11 LNG TANK DESIGN REQUIREMENTS............................................................. 29

11.1 LNG Tank Discretionary Vent................................................................................. 29

11.2 LNG Tank Vapor Makeup....................................................................................... 30

11.3 LNG Tank Recirculation ......................................................................................... 30

11.4 LNG Tank Isolation ................................................................................................ 30

11.5 LNG Tank Boiloff Gas Flow Measurement............................................................. 30

12 MAINTENANCE COOLING OF THE IMPORT TERMINAL ............................... 31

12.1 Vertical Risers ........................................................................................................ 31