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in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority,
and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest
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1 +, 1 + 01 ' 5
Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan Jawaharlal Nehru
The Right to Information, The Right to Live Step Out From the Old to the New

IS 9921-4 (1985): Alternating Current Disconnectors

(isolators) and Earthing Switches for Voltages Above 1000
V, Part 4: Type Tests and Routine Tests [ETD 8: High
Voltage Switchgear and Controlgear]

! $ ' +-
Satyanarayan Gangaram Pitroda
Invent a New India Using Knowledge

! > 0 B


BharthariNtiatakam
Knowledge is such a treasure which cannot be stolen
 IS : 9921 ( Par3 4 ) - 1985
( Reaffirmed 2002 )

Indian Standard
SPECIFICATION FOR
ALTERNATING CURRENT DISCONNECTORS
(ISOLATORS) AND EARTHING SWITCHES
FOR VOLTAGES ABOVE 1000 V
PART 4 TYPE TESTS AND ROUTINE TESTS

( Second Reprint DECEMBER 1997 )

UDC 621.316.545.025 : 621.3.027.6 : 620.1

0 Copyright 1985

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDS

MANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG
NEW DELHI 110002

Gr 8 June 198.5

v-------- -
 IS : 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

Indian Standard
SPECIFICATION FOR
ALTERNATING CURRENT DISCONNECTORS
(ISOLATORS ) AND EARTHLNG SWITCHES
FOR VOLTAGES ABOVE 1000 V

PART -4 TYPE TESTS AND ROUTINE TESTS

High Voltage Switchgvar and Controlgear Sectional

Committee, ETDC 58

Chairman Represcnling
SHRI H. M. PAI The Ahmedabad Electricity Co Ltd, Ahmadabad
Members
SHRI M. B. BA~IULRAR ( Altcrnalc to
Shri H. M. lai )
Slrnr R. CWANDIIAMoUIJ Tata Hydro-Electric Power Supply Co Ltd,
Bombay
SMT C. BALIGA ( Alternate )
CEIEF ENQINEXI~( E~sc ! II Central Public Works Department, New Delhi
SU~<V~YOROF WORKY III ( Alkmale )
DIRECTOR Central Power Research Institute, Bangalore
JOINT DIRFICTUK, STD ( Alternate I )
SR DY DIILECTOIL( Allerrmtc II )
DIRECTOX, Sun-STATION Central Electricity Authority, New Delhi
DEPUTY DIRECTOR, SUB-STATION
( Allmate )
SHRI G. L. Dua Rural Electrification Corporation Ltd, New
Delhi
SHRI S. C. KHUI~AN:~ ( Alfernnte )
SERI B. V. ESWAR ASEA Ltd, Yasik
SHRI S. SUBRAMANIAN ( Alternate )
-.
SERI K. L. GARB Directorate General of Supplies and Disposals,
New Delhi
SHRI R. V. NAI~AYANAN ( Alternate )
SHE1 T. K. GOOSE Calcutta Electric Supply Coqoration Ltd,
Calcutta
SHRI G. CHATTEKJEE ( Alfcrnatc )
( Continued on page 2 )

@ Copyright 1985
~BUREAU OF INDIAN STAIIDARDS
This publication is protected under the Indian Copyright Act ( XIV of 1957 ) and
reproduction in whole or in part by any means except with written permission of the
publisher shall be deemed to be an infringement of copyright under the said Act.
1s : 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

Mcm bcr s RepeSehg

Slr~rx B. N. Girosu Bharat Heavy Electricals Ltd, Hyderabad
Srrltr V. I<AC+I~AVAN ( Alfcrnatc)
SIIXI Y. R. Gousn Bombay Elrctric Supply andTransport Under-
taking, Bombay ALTEI
Snirr D. SWAMINATHAN ( Alternate )
SHIU JAYANT N. GURJAI~ Kirloskar ASEA Limited, Bangalore (Iso:
SIII~I P. D. JAII,\QII~DAI: Maharashtra State Electricity Board, Bombay
Sriur J,<VEIW AIIMI~D NGEF Limited, Bangalore
Sum K. P. SAIIATII+ ( Alternate )
SIIILI P. M. JOSEPH Aluminium Industries Limited, Kundara
SIIILI C. M. A. Nay.4~ ( &fernnic ) PA
JOINT DII~IIWOIL National Test House, Calcutta
SJIRI I. C. PILADI~AN ( Altcrnate )
SIUI B. N. K~sironn Crompton Greaves Ltd, Bombay
SXW A. N. VENU~~PAL ( Altcrnafe )
SHIU V. S. MAXI Hindustan Brown Boveri Ltd, Bombay
Sunt S. R. POTNIS ( Alternote )
Sn~r Y. G. MENIIN Tata Consulting Engineers, Bombay CL.1This Inc
SHI~I C. S. Kuna~n ( Alternate ) Institution t
SHRI B. S. NARASIMIIAN Mysorc Electrical Industries, Bangalore Voltage SW
SHHI R. SATYANARAYANA SUAIXXA approved by
( Alferrrale)
SRRIJ. S. NP~I Jyoti Limited, Vadodara 0.2 This sta!
SHR~ V. 1~. Desar ( Alternate ) of alternatin
SHRI S. G. NENI: Siemens India Ltd, Bombay
Srrnr H. !). TUN~~RE ( Alfernote )
voltages abo
Sawn A. S. PIS~!o Delhi Electric Supply Undertaking, New Delhi Part 1
SHI:I 0. I. ANAND ( Ahmate)
SIIIXIT. E. B. S~\MUIXL Tamil Nadu Electricity Board, Madras Part 2
Snnr T. ~IIFXB.~IIARAJAN ( Ahernote ) Part 3
RP:PI(ESEN~~A~I IV& Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi
R~P~ESENTA.XVE Research, Design & Standards Organization, Part 5
Lucknow _ All the
SHRI S. P. SACIIDEV, Director General, ISI ( Ex-ojicio Member ) standard ( P
Director ( Elec tech )
replaces IS :
Secretary IS : 1818-19
SHRI K. GANESH
0.3 While PI
Deputy Director ( Elec tech ), IS1
Pub 129-197
switches
This stand;
are no majo
0.4 For the
standard is t
ing the res
IS : 2-19601
off value sho

*Alternatir
*Rules for I
2
 IS : 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

Indian Standard
SPECIFICATION FOR
ALTERNATING CURRENT DISCONNECTORS
(ISOLATORS) AND EARTHING SWITCHERS
FOR VOLTAGES ABOVE 1000 V

PART 4 TYPE TESTS AND ROUTINE TESTS

0. FOREWORD

0.1 This Indian Standard ( Part 4 ) was adopted by the Indian Standards
Institution on 15 March 1985, after the draft finalized by the High
Voltage Switchgear and Controlgear Sectional Committee had been
approved by the Electrotechnical Drvision Council.
0.2 This standard ( Part 4 ) is one of the series of standards on the subject
of alternating current disconnectors (isolators ) and earthing switches for
voltages above 1 000 V. The other parts are:
Part 1 General and Definitions
Part 2 Rating
Part 3 Design and Construction
Part 5 Information to be given with tenders, enquiries and orders
All the parts shall be read in conjunction with one another. This
standard ( Part 4 ) which deals with type tests and routine tests partly
replaces IS : 1818-1972*. All the parts in the series will together replace
IS : 1818-1972* completely.
0.3 While preparing this standard assistance has been derived from IEC
Pub 129-1975 Alternating current disconnectors ( isolators ) and earthing
switches published by the International Electrotechnical Commission.
This standard ( Part 4 ) conforms appreciably to this XEC Pub and there
are no major deviations.
0.4 For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this
standard is complied with, the final value, observed or calculated, express-
ing the result of a test, shall be rounded -off in accordance with
IS : 2-1960t. The number of significant places retained in the rounded
off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.

*Alternating current isolators ( disconnectors ) and rarthing &tch( 5.

tRules for rounding off numerical values ( rcoised ).

3
IS z. 9921~( -Part 4 ) - 1985

1. SCOPE
3.0.2 All
1.1 This standard ( Part 4 ) covers the type tests and routine tests on
switches ( fi
alternating current disconnectors and earthing switches designed for
specified pr
indoor and outdoor use for voltages above 1 000 V, for a service frequency
ment. Shy
of 50 Hz.
Nom - For detailed scope of this series of standards, see 1 of Part 1 of this Type t#
standard. prove the r
2. TERMINOLOGY rating but w

2.1 For the purposes of this standarc& the definitions given in 4 of Part 1 The rz
of this standard shall apply. containing t
3, TYPE TESTS 3.1 Dielect
3.0 General
3.1.1 Am
3.0.1 The type tests set out below are for the purposes of proving the to 1,s : 2071
characteristics of disconnectors for earthing switches, their operating
devices and their auxiliary equipment. The v_
multiplying
The type tests comprise:
$= k&h, A
correction
A) .NormaI tybe tests
gives the m
Tests to verify the insulation level, including withstand factor shall 1
a)
tests at power-frequency voltages on auxiliary equip- For di
ment ( 3.1 ). in free air is
b) Tests to prove that the temperature rise of any part does
For di
not exceed the limits ( 3.2 ).
insulation, t
cl Tests to prove the capability of the disconnector or 0.95 and 1 *(
earthing switch to carry the rated peak withstand current be omitted L
and the rated short-timeswithstand current ( 3.3 ). been establi!
range, deta
4 Tests to prove the short-circuit-making] capacity of earthing
the manufac
switches ( 3.4 ).

Tests to prove satisfactory operation and mechanical For dif

e) conditions i
endurance ( 3.5 ).
applied.
B) Tyje tests on stecial request of the user
3.1.2 Wer
a) Tests to prove satisfactory operation under ice conditions
earthing swi
(3.6 ).
b) Tests to prove satisfactory operation at minimum and *Methods (
maximum ambient air temperatures ( 3.7 ). (Jirst retision)
tcirctiit-b1
c) Measurement of radio interference level ( 3.8 ). 1OOOVac (fir

4
 IS : 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

3.0.2 All tests shall be made on complete disconnectors or earthing

switches ( filled with the specified types and quantities of liquid or gas at
specified pressure ), on their operating devices and their auxiliary equip-
ment. Single-pole tests are, however, permitted in certain cases.

Type tests carried out on one type of disconnector may be used to

prove the performance of another type of different current or voltage
rating but with similar components.

The results of all type tests shall be recorded in type test reports
containing the data necessary to prove compliance with this specification.

3.1 Dielectric Tests

3.1.1 Ambient Air Conditions During Tests - Reference should be made

to 1,s : 2071 ( Part 1 )-1974* regarding standard reference atmosphere.

The voltage to be applied during a withstand test is determined by

multiplying the specified withstand voltage by the correction factor
;kc= kd/kh, kd being the air density correction factor and kh the humidity
correction factor. Appendix J of IS : 2516 ( Part 4/Set 2 )-1980t
gives the method for calculation of kd and kb. No humidity correction
factor shall be applied for wet tests and for artificial pollution tests.
For disconnectors and earthing switches where external insulation
in free air is of principal concern, correction factor II shall be applied.

For disconnectors and earthing switches having external and internal

insulation, the correction factor X shall be applied if its value is between
0.95 and 1.05. However, the application of the correction fator X may
be omitted where the satisfactory performance of external insulation has
been ~established. In the case when the correction factor is outside this ;
range, details of dielectric tests shall be subject to agreement between
the manufacturer and the user.

For disconnectors having internal insulation only, the ambient air

conditions are of no importance and correction factor X shall not be
applied.

3.1.2 Wet Test Procedure - The outdoor insulation of disconnectors and

earthing switches shall be subjected to wet withstand tests under the test

*Methods of high voltage testing: Part 1 General definitions and test requirements
(first revision ) .
tcircuit-breakers: Part 4 Type tests and routine tests, Set 2 For voltage above
1000 V ac (first rsoisi0n ).

5
IS : 9921( Part 4 ) - 1985

procedure given in IS : 2071 ( Part 2 )-1974* which also gives the dura- For c
tion of wet withstand tests. shall be pe
NOTE
NOTE 1 - If the prescribed water resistivity cannot be obtained, a lower value should be
may be used, provided that the disconnector or the earthing switch passes the test. safe limit
The actual value of water resistivity shall be stated in the test report. If the discon-
nector or the earthing switch fails, tests should be repeated with the prescribed
3.1.4 Aj,
water resistivity. a) Di
NOTE 2 - The method of wetting extremely large disconnectors and earthing W
switches is under consideration. show
volta
3.1.3 Condition of Disconnectors or Earthing Switches During Tests - Dielec- other
tric tests shall be made on disconnectors or earthing switches completely
assembled, ready for service, the outside surfaces of insulating parts, shall b) Es
be carefully cleaned. II
The disconnectors or earthing switches shall be mounted for test with the i
minimum clearances as specified by the manufacturer. Moreover, the the E
height above ground level shall be approximately as intended for service
TABLE1
and stated by the manufacturer.
SWITCl
Equipment tested at one height above ground level will be deemed
to be satisfactory if mounted at a greater height in service.

Yhen the distance between the poles of a disconnector or earthing

iwitch is not inherently fixed by the design, the distance between the poles
~for the test shall .be the minimum value stated by t,he manufacturer.
However, to obviate the necessity of erecting large three-pole disconnectors (1)
or ~earthing switches for test purposes alone, the artificial pollution and the 1
radio-interference voltage tests may be made on a single pole and, if the 2
minimum distance between poles is such that there ,is no risk of flashover 3
between poles, all other dielectric tests may be made on a single pole.
4
Dielectric tests on disconnectors or earthing switches when in the 3
open position shall be carried out with the minimum isolating distance for 6
the disconnector compatible with the locking arrangements specified in 8.1 7
of Part 3 of this standard.
8
When the manufacturer states that supplementary insulation such as 9
tape or barriers is required to be used in service, such supplementary NOTE
insulation shall also be used during the tests. the outer
conditions
If arcing horns or rings are required for the purpose of system each pole
protection, they may be removed or their spacing increased for the *When tt
suitably insu
purposes of the test. If they are required for stress control, they shall opposite to 1
remain in position for the test. For switchin
terminal Opp
*Methods of high voltage testing: Part 2 Test procedures (first r&ion ).

6
 IS : 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

For disconnectors using compressed gas for insulation, dielectric tests

shall be performed at lock-out pressure.
NATE- Caution. In the dielectric testing of vacuum interrupters, precautions
should be taken to ensure that the level of possible emitted X-radiation is within
safe limits.
3.1.4 Application of Test Voltagefor Xmpulse and Power-Frequency Tests
a) Disconnectors
With reference to Figure 1 of Part 2 of this standard, which
shows a diagram of connection of a three-pole disconnector, the test
voltage shall be applied according to Tables 1, 2 and 3, unless
otherwise specified.
b) Earthing Switches
In the open position, the test voltage shall be applied between
the insulated terminals and between each insulated terminal and
the base earthed.

TABLE 1 LIGHTNING IMPULSE VOLTAGE TESTS FOR DISCONNECTORS

HAVING A RATED VOLTAGE LOWER THAN 420 kV
SWITCHING IMPULSE VOLTAGE TESTS FOR DISCONNECTORS OF
CLASS A HAVING A RATED VOLTAGE OF 420 kV

(Clauses 3.1.4, 3.1.6 and 3.1.7 )

TEST CONDITION JIJISO~NNECT~R VOLTAQEAPPLIED EARTH CONNECTED

No. TO TO

(1) (2) (3) (4)

1 Closed Aa BCbcF
2 Closed Bb ACacF
3 Closed cc ABabF

4 Open A* BCabcF*
5 Open B* ACabcF*
6 Open Cl* ABabcF*
7 Open a* ABCbcF*
8 -Open b* ABCacF*
9 Open c* ABCabF*
NOTE - Test conditions No. 3,6 and 9 may be omitted if the arrangement of
the outer poles is symmetrical with respect to the centre pole and the base. Test
conditions No. 7, 8 and 9 may be omitted if the arrangement of the terminals of
each pole is symmetricx+ with respect to the base.
*When testing the insulation across the isolating distance, it may be necessary to
suitably insulate the base F and the terminals of the disconnector, except the terminal
opposite to the energized terminal ( ICC3.1.6 and 3.1.7 first alternative procedure ).
For switching impulse voltage tests following the second alternative proctdure, the
terminal opposite to the energized terminal shall be insulated ( see3.1.7 ).
IS : 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

3.1.5 Tee:
TABLE 2 POWER-FREQUENCY VOLTAGE TESTS the tests prs
this standar
( CZUUSE
3.1.4 )
of the disco
TEST CONDITION DISCONNECTOR VOLTAQEAPPLIED EARTHCONNECTED
No. TO TO 3.166 Ligr
switches sh:
(1) (2) (3) (4) tests shall
1 Closed Aa BCbcF polarity, u!
2 Closed Bb ACacF IS : 2071 (
3 Closed CC ABabF With
4 Open A and a* BCbcF cutive imp1
5 Open B and b* ACacF each test CC
shall be COI
6 Open C and c+ ABabF
the disrup
NOTE- Test conditions No. 3 and 6 may be omitted if the arrangement of the insulation c
outer poles is symmetrical with respect to the centre pole and the base.
discharge or
*See3.1.8.
With
a rated volt

TABLE 3 SWITCHING IMPULSE VOLTAGE TESTS FOR DISCONNECTORS The

OF CLASS B AND LIGHTNING IMPULSE VOLTAGE TESTS FOR impulses at
DISCONNECTORS HAVING A RATED VOLTAGE OF 420 kV
( Clauses 3.1.4 and 3.1.6 ) knr :;::I
or between
TEST DISCOI+NECTOR VOLTAGEAPPLIEDTO EARTH
CONDITION c-----_*-_--_~ CONNECTEDTO test conditi
No. Impulse Power and on nor
Frequency
The s
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
turn of 15
1 Closed Aa BCbcF
i isolating di
2 Closed Bb - ACacF The termi
3 Closed cc - ABabF applied ant
* Open A a BCbcF tive discha
passed this.
5 Open B b ACacF c
discharges
6 Open C C ABabF insulation 1
7 Open a A BCbcF tive discha
8 Open b B ACacF With
9 Open C C ABabF rated volta
NOTE- Test conditions No. 3, 6 and 9 may be omitted if the arrangement of tive impul
the outer poles is symmetrical with respect to the centre pole and the base.
Test conditions NO. 7, 8 and 9 may be omitted if the arrangement of the terminals <*Method:
of each pole is symmerrical with respect to the base.
& st rcoision

8
 IS t 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

3.1.5 Test Voltages - The rated withstand voltage VW to be used for

the tests prescribed in 3.1.6 to 3.1.8 shall be in accordance with Part 2 of
this standard. In the following sub-clauses, U, indicates the rated voltage
of the disconnector or of the earthing switch.

3.1.6 Lightning Impulse Voltage Tests - Disconnectors and earthing

switches shall be subjected $0 lightning impulse voltage dry tests. The
tests shall be performed with voltages of both positive and negative
polarity, using the standard lightning impulse l-2/50, according to
IS : 2071 ( Part 1 )-1974*.

With the disconnector closed, or the earthing switch open, 15 conse-

cutive impulses at the rated withstand voltage to earth shall be applied for
each test condition ( see 3.1.4 ). The disconnector, or the earthing switch,
shall be considered to have passed the test successfully if the number of
the disruptive discharges to earth or between poles on self-restoring
insulation does not exceed two for each test condition, and if no disruptive /
discharge on non-se!f-restoring insulation occurs.
With the disconnector open. and in the case of disconnectors having
a rated voltage lower than 420 kV, two test series shall be performed.
The first test series consists of the application of 15 consecutive
impulses at the rated withstand voltage to earth for each test condition
( sre Table 1 ). The disconnector shall be considered to have passed this
first test series successfully if the number of disruptive discharges to earth
or between poles on self-restoring insulation does not exceed two for each
test condition, and if no disruptive discharge across the isolating distance
land on non-self-restoring insulation occurs.

The second test series consists of the application to each terminal in

turn of 15 consecutive impulses at the rated withstand voltage across
isolating distance ( see Table 1 ). The opposite terminal shall be earthed.
The terminals of the other poles, the terminal to which the voltage is
applied and the base shall be insulated in such a way as to prevent disrup-
tive discharges to earth. The disconnector shall be considered to have
passed this. second test series successfully if the number of the disruptive
discharges across the isolating distance or between poles on self-restoring
insulation does not exceed two, for each test condition, and if no disrup-
tive discharge on non-self-restoring insulation occurs.

With the disconnector open and in the case of disconnectors having

rated voltage 420 kV, for each test condition ( see Table 3 ), 15 consecu-
tive impulses at thd rated withstand voltage shall be applied to one

*Methods of high voltages testing: Part 1 General definitions and rcquiremmts

&st rmision ).

9
IS : 992L( Part 4 ) - 1985

terminal, with the opposite terminal energized at the power-frequency NOTE 1

impulse or
voltage O-7 x U,/& ( rms value )- Each lightning impulse shall be between thq
synchronized so that it is applied approximately in accordance to the When testir
peak value of the opposite polarity of the power frequency. For the sake the power-i
actual test
of convenience, the rounded-off test values are reported in Table 4.
impulse, is

TABLE 1 ROUNDED-OFF TEST VALUES LIGHTNING IMPULSE To achr

VOLTAGE TESTS to, but not

( Clause 3.1.6 )
The vo
RATED VOI,TAQE WITHSTAN? VOLTAQE ACROSS THE ISOLATING value connt
DISTANCE APPLIED TO
C------__----h--------- ---7
One Terminal, Opposite Terminal, Power Frequency NOTE 2
Lightning nectar open
Impulse
the power-l
performed:
Un 077& y?J;Y 07 x Un filv:
kV ( rms ) kV rp:ak ) kV ( peak ) a) The
each
(1) (2) (3) (4)
volts
420 1300 170 240 term
1425 nal t
prev
dere
The disconnector shall be considered to have passed the test success- disru
fully if the number of the disruptive discharges across the isolating distance rest0
disru
to earth or between poles on self-restoring insulation does not exceed two
for each test condition, and if no disruptive discharge on non-self-restoring
b) The
insulation occurs. 15 (
term
When the insulation of the disconnector, or the earthing switch, is of dere
a self-restoring type, and mope accuracy on the statistical behaviour of the disrL
does
test object is needed, as an alternative to the above test procedure ( 15
dista
impulses ) a 50 percent disruptive discharge voltage test may be performed,
subject to agreement between the manufacturer and the user. The test proce-
This tes
dure shall be according to IS : 2071 (Part 2)-1974*. In case of testing open
disconnectors having a rated voltage 420 kV, the value of the power
frequency voltage applied to one terminal shall remain constant. NOTE 3
insulation t
From the test results, the withstand voltage shall be derived as such a co-01
follows: and spark
voltages of
u, = p60% ( 1 - 1.3~ ) GZ 0.96 x VssYO
NOTE 4
taking for the standard deviation the value u = 0.03 ( see : 2165-1977t ). for these c.
________ discharge ol
*Metho Is ofhigh voltage testing: Part 2 Test procedures (first revision ). cation of
tInsll!.z!ion co-ordination ( seco,fd revision ). recommend

IO
 1s : 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

NOTE 1 -To take into account the problem of the influence of the lightning
impulse on the power-frequency voltage wave, caused by capacitive coupling
between the two voltage circuils, the following test requirement should be fulfilled.
When testing open disconnectors having rated voltage 420 kV, the voltage drop on
the power-frequency wave, applied to one terminal, should be limited so that the
actual test voltage to ground, measured in correspondence to the peak value of the
impulse, is not less than the specified value 07 x Un x v/T /j/K

To achieve such a condition, the owet-frequency voltage could be increased up

to, but not more than, Un x 2/.2- /J- 3.

The voltage drop can be greatly reduced by using a capacitor of a convenient

value conntcted in parallel to the terminal of the power-frequency side.

NOTE 2 - Subject to agreement of the manufacturer, the tests with the discon-
nector open, having a rated voltage of 420 kV can be performed avoiding the use of
the power-frequency voltage source. In this case, two test series should be
performed:

4 The first test series consists of the application of 15 consecutive impulses to

each terminal in turn at a voltage equal to the sum of the rated withstand
voltage:Uw and thevalue O-7 X Un x v/2 /l/5( peak value ). The opposite
terminal should be earthed and the other terminals, the base and the termi-.
nal to whr& the voltage is to be applied, insulated in such a way as to
prevent disruptive discharges to earth. The disconnector should be consi-
dered to have passed this first test series successfully if the number of the
disruptive discharges across the isolating distance or between poles on self-
restoring insulation does not exceed 2 for each test condition, and if no
disruptive discharge on non-self-restoring insulation occurs; and

b) The second test series consists of the application to each terminal in turn of
15 consecutive impulses at the rated withstand voltage Uw. The other
terminals and the base shall be earthed. The disconnector should be consi-
dered to have passed this second test series successfully if the number of
disruptive discharges to earth or between poles on self-restoring insulation
does not exceed 2 and if no disruptive discharge across the isolating
distance and on non-self-restoring insulation occurs.

This test is more severe than the test~specified in 3.1.7.

NOTE 3 -The above tests are not intended to ensure the co-ordination of the
insulation to earth with respect to the insulation across the open gap. To achieve
such a co-ordination the use of suitable protective devices, such as surge diverters
and spark gaps, should be-considered, particularly for installations having rated
voltages of 123 kV and above.
_
NOTE 4 - Some insulating materials retain a charge after an impulse test and,
for these case care should be taken when reversing the polarity. To allow the
discharge of msu
A sting materials, the use of appropriate methods, such as the appli-
cation of impulses of the reverse polarity at lower voltage before the tests, is
recommended.
 I
I
IS : 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

1
3.1.7 Switching Impulse Voltage Tests - For rated voltage of 420 kV, I
disconnectors shall have two classes, Class A and Class B, which depend on
the service conditions foreseen for the disconnector and result in different
switching impulse voltage test procedures applied. The tests shall be
performed using the standard impulse 250/2 500 according to IS : 2071
( Part 2 )-1974* and the following reqtiirements.

Dry tests shall be performed using voltages of positive and negative

polarities for indoor equipment, and using voltages of positive polarity for
outdoor equipment only.

Wet tests shall be performed using voltages of positive and negative 2

polarities for outdoor equipment only.

If during a wet test more than two disruptive discharges on _seJf-

restoring insulation occur, the test shall be repeated in the same test con-
ditions and the disconnector or the earthing switch shall be considered to
have passed the test successfully if during the repeated. test the number of
the disruptive discharges does not exceed 2 and if no disruptive
disoharge on non-self-restoring insulation occurs.

With tde disconnector closed or the earthing switch open, 15 conse-

cutive impulses at the rated withstand voltage to earth shall be applied fon
eich test condition ( see 3.1.4 ). The disconnector or the earthjnK< switch
,!#a11 be considered to have passed the test successfully if the number of the
disruptive discharges to earth or between poles on self-restoring insulation
does not exceed 2 for each test condition and if no disruptive discharge
on non-self-restoring insulation occurs.

With the disconnector open, two test series shall be performed

depending upon whether the disconnector is Class A or Class B:
1
a) The first test series which is applicable to both classes of equip-
ment consists of the application of 15 consecutive itipulses at the TAB1
rated withstand voltage to earth for each test condition
( see Table 1 ). The disconnector shall be considered to have
passed this first test series successfully if the number of the RATED Vo

disruptive discharges across the isolating distance, to earth or

between poles of self-restoring insulation does not exceed 2 for
each test condition, and if no disruptive discharge on non-self-
restoring insulation occurs.

b) The second test series depends upon whether the equipment is (1)
Class A or Class B and the test procedures are as follows: kV ( rn

+Methbds of high voltage testing: Part 2 Teat procedures (Jirst reuision ).

12
 IS : 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

1) Class A
For this class, the second test series consist? of the appli-
cation of 15 consecutive impulses at the rated withstand
voltage across the isolating distance ( see Table 2 of Part 2 of
this standard ) for each test condition ( see Table 1 ). Since,
in this case, the applied voltage may be higher than the-rated
withstand voltage to earth, it is permitted to insulate the
terminal to which the voltage is applied, the terminals of the
other poles and the base in order to prevent disruptive
discharge to earth.

2) Class B
For this class, the second test series consists of the appli-
cation of 15 consecutive impulses at the rated withstand
voltage across the isolating distance ( see Table 3 of Part 2 of
this standard ) to each terminal. in turn with the opposite
terminal energized at the power frequency voltage U,/z/Z?-
( rms ), and with the other terminals and the base connected
to earth ( see -Table 3 ). Each switching impulse shall be
synchronized so that it is applied approximately in correspon-
dence to the peak value of the opposite polarity of the power-
frequency voltage.
The disconnector of either class shall be considered to
have passed this second test series successfullyif, for each test
condition, the number of the disruptive discharges-across the
isolating distance or between poles on self-restoring insulation
does not exceed 2 and if no disruptive discharge on non-
self-restoring insulation occurs.
For the sake of convenience, the rounded-off test values
f are indicated in Table 5.

TABLE 5 ROUNDED-OFF TEST VALUES, SWITCAING IMPULSE

VOLTAGE TESTS
( Clauses 3.1.7 and 3.1.8)
1
RATEDVOLTAOE WITHSTANDVOLTAGEACROSS THE ISOLAT~NU DISTANCE
APPLIED TO
---- -_-h ----,
One Terminal, Opposite Terminal, Power Frequency
-Switching
Impulse r- _*------~
un%K Un x 2/?/_ldS
(1) (2) (3) (4)
kV(rms) kV ( peak ) kV (arms ) kV ( peak)

420 900 245 345

I
L 13
IS t 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

To take into account the problem of the influence of the

switching impulse on the power-frequency voltage wave,
caused by capacitive coupling between the two voltage circuits,
the following test requirements shall be fulfilled.

The voltage drop on the power-frequency wave applied

to one terminal shall be limited so that the actual test voltage
to earth, measure in correspondence to the peak value of the
impulse, is not less than the specified value U, x t/y/v/3.

To achieve such a condition, the power-frequency voltage

could be increased up to, but not more than, 1.2 x U, x
v/F/&

The voltage drop can be greatly reduced by using a

capacitor of a convenient value connected in parallel to the
terminal of the power-frequency side.
3.1.8 Power
When the insulation of the disconnector or of the earth- shall be subjec
ing switch is of a self-restoring type, and more accuracy on accordance wi
the statistical behaviour of the test object is needed, as an
a) For c
alternative to the above test procedure ( 15 impulses ), a 50%
lowei
disruptive discharge voltage test may be performed for both
tions
closed and open conditions subject to agreement between
The test procedur @hall be tests
the manufacturer and the user.
according to IS : 2071 (Part 2)-1974*. In some-cases, nowever,
it may be impossible to satisfactorily determine the 50% ( see _
disruptive discharge voltage across the isolating distance if the of the
number of the discharges to earth is high. the di
tanec
From the test results, the withstand voltage shall be
Volta;
derived as follows: . acres
LJ, = Vgj% ( 1 - 1*3a ) zz 0.92 x vs@& Part :
to th
taking for the standard deviation the value u = 0.06. withs
The statistical withstand voltage determined above shall a N
be not less than the appropriate rated switching impulse discon
withstand voltage. this cz
opposi
For Class B equipment, when testing the open discon- termi
as to
nector under the 50% disruptive discharge procedure in than 1
accordance with the second test series, the value of the power-
frequency voltage applied to one terminal shall remain
to ha\
constant.
occurs
*Methods of high voltage testing: Part 2 Test procedures (Jirst reuision ). *Methods of h

14
 IS : 9921( Part 4 ) - 1985

NOTE 1 - The above tests are not intended to ensure the CO-
ordination of the insulation to earth with respect to the insulation
across the open gap. To achieve such a co-ordination, the use of
suitable protective device, such as surge diverters and spark gaps,
should be considered.
NOTE 2 - For Class B equipment, subject to agreement with/
by/between the manufacturer, the second test series with the discon-
nector open may be performed avoiding the use of the power-
frequency voltage source. In this case, the second test series consists
of the application of 15 consecutive impulses to each terminal in turn
at a voltage equal to the sum of the rated values of columns (2) and
(4) of Table 5. The opposite terminal shall be earthed. The
other terminals, the terminal to which the voltage is applied
and the base shall be insulated in such a way as to prevent disruptive
discharges to earth. This test is deemed to be more severe than the
standard test prescribed earlier. It is .emphasized that this test is
not mandatory but is an alternative method available to the manu-
facturer and it is not intended to introduce a third class of
disconnectors.

3.1.8 Power-Frequency Voltage Tests - Disconnectors and earthing switches

shall be subjected to 1 minute power-frequency voltage withstand tests in
accordance with IS : 2071 ( Part 2 )-1974*.
a) For disconnectors and earthing switches having a rated voltage
lower than 420 kV, the tests shall be performed in dry condi-
tions, and for outdoor disconnectors and earthing switches, the
tests shall be performed in wet conditions.
The test voltage shall be raised, for each test condition
( see 3.1.4 ), to the rated withstand voltage, as specified in Part 2
of the standard and shall be maintained for 1 minute. With
the disconnector open, the test voltage shall be applied simul-
taneously to the two terminals of each pole, using two different
voltage sources in out-of-phase conditions, in order to obtain
across the open gap the rated withstand voltage as specified in
Part 2 of this standard. Neither of the two voltage values applied
to the two terminals shall be higher than two-thuds ~of the rated
withstand voltage to earth.
NOTE - Subject to agreement of the manufacturer, the tests with the
disconnector open may be performed using one single voltage source. In
this case, the test voltage should be applied to each terminal in turn, the
opposite terminal being earthed and the other terminals, the base and the
terminal to which the voltage is to be applied being insulated in such a way
as to prevent disruptive discharges to earth. This test is more severe
than the standard test prescribed in 3.1.8 (a).
The disconnector or the earthing switch shall be considered
to have passed the test successfully if no disruptive discharge
occurs during the tests.
*Methods of high voltage testing: Part 2 Test procedures (Jirsr revision).

15
IS a 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

However, if during a wet test a disruptive discharge on

Tests are
external,self-restoring insulation occurs, this test shall be repeated
and the disconnector shall be be withstood at
under the same test conditions,
U, being the ra
considered to have passed this test successfully if no further
disruptive discharge occurs. These tes
and shall be per
b) For discomlectors and earthing switches having a rated voltage
the user. Tests
of 420 kV, the tests shall be performed in dry conditions only.
closed position
With the disconnector closed or the earthing switch open, provide inform:
the test voltage shall be raised, for each test condition ( see Since the
3.1.4 ), to the vaIue prescribed for the routine tests as reported earthing switch,
in Table 6 and shall be maintained for l-minute. The discon- reference to ser
nector or the earth switch shall be considered to have passed the artificial polluti
test successfully if no disruptive discharge occurs. the testing met1
the user.
With the disconnector open, for each test condition
( see 3.1.4 and Table 2 ), the test voltage shall be applied 3.1.10 Pa&
simultaneously to the two terminals of each pole, using two to be perform1
different voltage sources in out-of-phase conditions,. in order to However, in the
obtain a voltage equal to 2.5 U,/d/P across the isolating dktance. nents for which
ments ( such as
Values of the total voltage across the isolating distance are by the manuf;
reported in Table 5. partial discharg
3.1.11 rest.5
Neithrr of the two voltage values applied to the two terminals
circuits of disc
shall be higher than CT,. The voltage shall be maintained for 1
1 minute power
minute and the disconnector shall be considered to have passed
the test successfully if no disruptive discharge occurs. a) betwet
a whc
. switch;
TABLE 6 VALUES OF TEST VOLTAGES FOR ROUTINE TESTS
( Clause 3.1.8 ) b) if prac
circuit>
RATED VOLTAGE WITESTAND VOLTAQE
Un -_-__-_-_--__h_------~~--~ parts, a
With the disconnector With the disconnector
closed or the earthing open ( total voltage The test
switch open terminal to terminal ) circuits of the di!
(1) (2) (3) to have passed tt
kV(rms) kV (rms) kV (rms) each test.
420 520 610
Normally,
auxiliary and co
3.1.9 Artijicid Pollution Tests - Artificial pollution tests are intended to
circuits. If sucl
provide information on the behaviour of external insulation under condi-
the appropriate
tions representative of pollution in service, although they do not necessarily
simulate any particular service condition. *Bushings for al

16
 IS : 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

Tests are performed to prove that a test voltage equal to u,/,/Fwill

be withstood at the specified degree ofpollution in three out of four tests,
Ua being the rated voltage of the disconnector or of the earthing switch.

These tests apply only to outdoor disconnectors or earthing switches

and shall be performed by special agreement between the manufacturer and
the user. Tests shall be performed on one~single pole, for disconnectors in
closed position only and for earthing switches in open position only to
provide information on the behaviour of insulation to earth.
Since the more appropriate testing method for disconnectors or
earthing switches and the maximum degree of pollution acceptable with
reference to service conditions are still under consideration, in cases where
artificial pollution tests are agreed, the specified degree of pollution and
the testing method, subject to agreement between the manufacturer and
the user.
3.1.10 Partial Discharge Tests - No partial discharge tests are required
to be performed on the complete disconnector or earthing switch. _
However, in the case of disconnectors or earthing switches using compo-
nents for which a relevant IS exists, including partial discharge measure-
ments ( such as bushings, see IS : 2099-1973* ), evidence shall be produced
by the manufacturer showing that those components have passed the
partial discharge tests as foreseen by the relevant Indian Standard.
3.1.11 Tests on Auxiliary and Control Circuits - Auxiliary and control
circuits cf disconnectors and earthing switches shall be subjected to
1 minute power-frequency voltage withstand tests :
a) between the auxiliary and control circuits connected together as
a whole and the base of the disconnector or of the earthing
4 switch; and
b) if practicable, between each part of the auxiliary and control
circuits, which in normal use may be insulated from the other
parts, and the other parts connected together and to the base.

The test voltage shall be 2 000 V. The auxiliary and control

circuits of the disconnector or of the earthing switch shall be considered
to have passed the test successfully if no disruptive discharge occurs during
each test.
Normally, the test voltage of motors and other devices used in the
; auxiliary and control circuits shall be the same as the test voltage of those
If such apparatus have already been tested in accordance with
the appropriate specification, they may Abedisconnected for these tests.

*Bushings for alternating voltages above 1 000 volts (first revision).

17
IS : 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

NOTE - Where electronic auxiliary or control circuits are used, different testing
Contir
procedures and values may be adopted subject to agreement between the manu-
facturer and the user. sufficient fol
purposes, th
3.2 Temperature-Rise Tests 1C per hoc

3.2.1 Temperature-Rise Tests of the Main Circuit (for disconnectors only ) - For ci
The test for temperature rise of the main circuits shall be made on a new operation, t
disconnector with clean contact pieces. These tests may be made on a
single pole when the rated voltage exceeds 72.5 kV. a) Wk
de1
The disconnector shall be mounted approximately as under the usual the
service conditions, including all normal covers of any part of the discon- em
nector, and shail be protected against undue external heating or cooling. bei
swi
NOTE - To avoid erecting large disconnectors for test purposes alone, the
temperature-rise test may be carried out on a pole whose isolating distance from b) Wl-
earth has been appreciably reduced. de\
the
Temporary connections to the main circuit shall be such that no
appreciable amount of heat is conducted away from, or conveyed to, the For ell
disconnector during the test. In case.of doubt, the temperature rise at the cooling dow:
terminals of the main circuit and at the tem~porary connections at a
distance of 1 m from the terminals shall be measured. The difference of
temperature shall not exceed 5C. ~-The te
device shall
The test shall be made with the rated normal current of the discon- otherwise, tf
nector and at rated frequency ( tolerance on the latter 2: percent).
3.2.3 Met:
The test shall be made over a period of time sufficient for the the temper:
temperature rise to reach a constant value ( for practical purposes, this Other methc
condition is obtained when the variation does not exceed 1C per hour ). method.

For cc
The time for the whole test may be shortened by pre-heating the
parts shall bl
circuit with a higher value of current.
means, place
The temperature-rise of the different parts of the disconnector shall
For rnf
not exceed the values specified in Table 2 of Part 2; otherwise, the
precautions :
disconnector shall be considered to have failed the test.

3.2.2 Tem/wature-Rise Tests of the Auxiliary Equipment - The test shall be 1) The
made with the specified supply ( ac or dc ) and for ac at its rated pro
frequency ( tolerance 2: percent ). hov
aPP
The auxiliary equipment shall be tested at a voltage equal to 110
2) Got
percent of the rated supply voltage or at their rated current.
P*e

18
 IS : 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

Continuously rated circuits shall be tested over a period of time

sufficient for the temperature rise to reach a constant value ( for practical
purposes, this condition is obtained when the variation does not exceed
1C per hour ).

For circuits energized only during disconnector or earthing switch

operation, the tests shall be made under the following conditions:

a) When the disconnector or earthing switch has an automatic

device for opening the control circuit at the end of the operation,
the circuit shall be energized ten times, the interval between the
end of one operation and the beginning of the following operation
being 10 s or, if the construction of the disconnector or earthing
switch does not permit this, .the lowest interval possible; and

b) When the disconnector or earthing switch has no automatic

device for opening the control circuit at the end of the operation,
the circuit shahbe energized once for 30 s.

For electrical operating devices, these tests shall be repeated after

cooling down at 85 percent of the rated supply voltage.

. The temperature rise of any part of the auxiliary circuit or operating

device shall not exceed the rzalues specified in Part 2 of this standard;
otherwise, the apparatus shall be considered to have failed *the test.

3.2.3 Measuremenl of Temjerature - For coils, the method of measuring

the temperature rise by variation of resistance shall generally be used.
Other methods are permitted only if it is impossible to use the resistance
method.

I For conductors other than coils, the temperature of the different

parts shall be measured with thermometers, thermocouples or other suitable
! means, placed at the hottest accessible spot.

For measurement with thermometers or thermocouples, the following

precautions shall be taken:

1) Thermocouples or the bulbs of thermometers shall be suitably

protected agazst cooling from outside. The protected area shall,
however, be negligible compared with the cooling area of the
apparatus under test.

2) Good heat conductivity between the thermometer or thermocou-

ple and the surface of the part under test shall be ensured.

19
Is : 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

Each
When bulb theimamcters are used in places where there is any
nectar or e
varying or moving magnetic field, alcohol thermometers should be used in
preference to mercury thermometers, as the latter are less reliable under The
these conditions. support 01
3.2.4 Ambient Air Temperature - The ambient air temperature shall be mechanism
%
measured during the last quarter of the test period by means of an adequate The t
number of thermometers equally distributed around the disconnector at shall be a
about the average height of its current-carrying parts andat a distance of comparable
about 1 m from the disconnector or earthing switch. The thermometers
shall be protected against air current and heat radiation. In order to For tc
obtain mean values of ambient temperature in spite of rapid changes in with a disc
temperature, the thermometers can be put into small oil-filled cans with favourable
oil contents of about half a litre. disconnectt
During the last quarter of the test period, the change of ambient The t
temperature shall not exceed 1C per hour. If this is not possible because be made w
of unfavourable temperature conditions of the test room, the temperature electromaji]
of an identical apparatus under the same ambient conditions, but without current HOI
current, scan 1): taken as a substitute for the ambient air temperature. device betw
This additional disconnector or earthing switch shall not be subjected to
undue heat radiation. The t
single-phase
3.2.5 Me~szrrrment ?f the Resi.ytcxce of the Main Circuit (-for disconnectors
only ) - This measuremrnt shall be made for comparison between the On a
disconnector type tested for temperature rise and all other disconnectors frame, the I
of the same type sulljected to routine tests.
In the
The measurement shall be made with dc by measuring the voltage adjacent po
drop or resistance across the terminals of each pole. on a single
The current during the test shall have any convenient value between The rc
100 A and the rated normal current. two-column
The measurement of the dc voltage drop or the resistance shall be the base ii
made before the temperature-rise test. return cond
minimum r(
The measured value of the dc voltage drop or the resistance shall be
shall be at 1
given in the type-test report. as well as the general conditions during the
connection
test ( current, ambient air temperature, etc ).
3.3 Short-Time Withstand Current and Peak Withstand Current When
Tests single-phase
conductor 1
3.3.1 Test Arrangements condition i
3.3.1.1 Gcnetal - Disconnectors and earthing switches shall be ported for a
subject to a test to prove their ability to carry the rated peak withstand
For a
current and the rated short-time withstand current. The test shall be
contact zoni
made with the disconnector or earthing switch in the closed position at a
condition.
suitable voltage and starting at any convenient temperature.
 ISr9921(Part 4)-1985

Each test shall be preceded by a no-load operation of the discon-

nectar or earthing switch.
R The disconnector or earthing switch shall be mounted on its own
support or an equivalent support and installed with its own operating
mechanism as far as necessary to make the test representative.
I
The test connections to and from the disconnector or earthing switch
shall be arranged in such a way that the result of the tests shall be
comparable and valid for installation in service.
For tests on a disconnector or on an earthing switch not associated
with a disconnector, the arrangement shall be representative of the least
favourable conditions of electromagnetic forces tending to open the
disconnector or earthing switch for which it is intended in service.
The tests on an earthing switch associated with a disconnector shall
be made with test connections adopted for the disconnector test. The
electromagnetic forces shall tend to open the earthing switch, provided
current flow resulting in this effect is not prevented by an interlocking
device between earthing switch and disconnector.
The test may be made single-phase or three-phase. In the case of
single-phase tests, the following shall apply:
On a three-pole disconnector or earthing switch, having common
frame, the tests shall be made on two adjacent poles.
In the case of separate poles, the tests shall be made either on two
adjacent poles assembled with the minimum recommended pole centres, or
on a single pole with a return conductor.
The return conductor shall be parallel to the blade in the case of a
two-column or three-column disconnector and at the same elevation above
the base if its plane is parallel to the blade. The centre line of the
return conductor shall _Pe spaced from the centre line of the blade at
minimum recommended pole centres. The length of the return conductof
shallbe at least equal to the distance between the input terminal of the
I connection to the supply and the output terminal of the disconnector,
When as earthing switch is not associated with a disconnector, the
single-phase test shall be made with the test connection and the return
conductor parallel to each other and representative of the earth fault
condition in normal installation. The test connection shall be unsup-
ported for a distance at least equal to the gap ofthe open earthing switch.
For a divided support disconnector, the position of the contact in the
contact zone should be chosen so as to represent the most unfavourable
condition.

21
IS I 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

NOTE - No other forces need be applied if they are small compared with the Whe
electrodynamic forces. ~the peak 2
a single te!
3.3.1.2 Disconnectors and earthing switches with rated voltages up to and ted:
in&ding 36 k V - A three-pole disconnector or earthing switch should
preferably be tested three-phase.

The test arrangement given in Fig. 1, may be used as an example for

disconnectors and c,arthing switches having a rated peak withstand current
not exceeding 100 kA. The distance x between the input terminals of the
disconnector and the niarest support of the test connections is equal to
three times the distance J between pole centres. The distance u and v are E
as small as possible but not smaller than?.

Fig. 4 may, in principle, also be used as an example for single-phase

tests. Other configurations of return conductors resulting -in equivalent b)
forces on the disconnector may be used.

~3.3.1.3 Disconnectors and earthing switches with rated voltages exceeding No

36kV - The single-phase test arrangements given in Fig. 2 and 3 may test ma
be used as examples for disconnectors for connection by flexible conductors. applied
larger 1
Disconnectors with a horizontal isolating distance intended to be used in shall be
installations with rigid conductors may be tested in the same arrangement
as given in Fig. 2 but with rigid conductors and x1 is equal to 1.2 y, xs FOI
remaining u&hanged Disconnectors with a vertical isolating distance to the aver:
be used in instal!ations with rigid conductors may be tested in the test the aver:
arrangement given in Fig. 4.
Tk:
3.3~2 Test Current and Duration - The ac component of the test current f lope
shall, in principle, be equal to ac component of the rated short-time with-
stand current of the disconnector or earthing switch. The peak current Nc
( for a three-phase circuit, the highest value in one of the outer phases )
3.3.3
shall be not less than the rated peak withstand current and shall not
tion oftier
exceed it by more than 5 percent without the consent of the manufacturer.
peak w
disconn
For disconnectors or earthing switches, the test current shall in test, tht
principle be applied for a time tt equal to the rated duration t of short- tion ant
circuit; its rms value It shall be determined from an oscillogram, as
indicated in Appendix H of IS : 2516 ( Part 4/Set ? )-1980*. The value
of Its tt on test shall be not less than the rated value Pt and shall not or eaY
exceed this value by more than 10 percent without the consent of the minim1
manufacturer. to chec

*Specification for circuit-breakers: Part 4 Type tests and routine tests, Set 2 For f
voltage above 1 000 V ac ( /ir~l reuision ).

22
 IS : 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

When, however, the characteristics of the test plant are such that
the peak and rms values of current, specified above, cannot be obtained in
a single test of the specified duration, the following deviations are permit-
ted:

a) If the decrement of the short-circuit current of the test plant is

such that the specified rms value, measured in accordance with
Appendix H of IS : 2516 ( Part 4/Set 2 )-1980* cannot be
obtained for the rated duration without applying initially an
excessively high current, the rms value of the current may be
permitted to fall below the specified value during the test and the
duration of the test increased appropriately, provided that the
value of the peak current is not less than that specified and the
duration is not more than 5 s.

b) If in order to obtain the required peak current, the rms value of

the current is increased above the specified value, the duration
of the test may be reduced accordingly.

NOTE - The peak withstand current test and the short-time withstand current
test may be separated. In this case, the time during which the short-circuit is
applied for the peak withstand current test shall be such that the value It2 It is not
larger than the.equivalent value for the short-time withstand current test, but it
shall be not less than 50 percent of the rated duration.

For three-phase tests, the current in any phase shall not vary from
the average of the currents in the three phases by more than 10 percent of
the average.

The tests shall be made at the rated frequency with a tolerance of

f 10 percent.

NOTE - In case of rapid auto-reclosing, special stresses may occur.

3.3.3 Behaviour of Disconnector or Earthing Switch During the Test and Condi-
tion after Tests - During the test to prove the capability to carry the rated
peak withstand current and the rated short-time withstand current, a
disconnector or earthing switch shall not show undue stress. After the
test, the disconnector or earthing switch shall not show material deteriora-
tion and shall be capable of operating normally.

Visual inspection and no-load operation of the tested disconncetor

or earthing switch after test at the minimum pressure and/or at the
minimum supply voltage of the operating mechanism are usually sufficient
to check these requirements.

A light welding of the earthing switch is permitted.

23
 .

IS t 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

SHORT -CIRCUIl
OPTIONAL. BE
13 OR BETWE

Disconnectors conncctrd by f
terminal loads unless otherwise sta

y = minimum c<ntre-to-cent1
the manufacturer.

NOTE 1 - Tension, sag, num

under consideration and, therefere
and the user.

NOTE2 - Care should be 1

conditions are not introduced by

x = 3y NOTE 3 - In principle, Fig.

NOTE- Care should be taken that forces not representative of service conditions with the apprppriate arrangemen
are not introduced by the connections to the supply.

NOTE 4 - Disconnectors int

Fro. 1 EXAMPLEOF A THREE-PHASE TEST ARRANGEMENTFOR
may be tested in the same arrang
DISCONNECTORSUP TOAND INCLUQ~NG52 kV AND RATED PEAK xs = 0*5y.
WITHSTAND CURRENTSNb3 EXCEEDING100 kA
FIG. 2 EXAMPLE OF A SIN
DISCONNECTORSWITH A Ho
RATED VOLT
 IS:992l(Part4)-1985

SHORT-CIRCUIT CONNECTION
OPTIONAL BETWEEN A AND
E OR BETWEEN C AND D

X,
l

Disconnectors connected by flexible conductors with nrgligiblc longitudinal

terminai loads unless otherwise stated:
x1 = 2Y
x2 = 05Y

y = minimum CI ntre-to-centre distance between adjacent poles, as stated by

the manufacturer.

NOTE 1 - Tension, sag, number of spacers, etc, of flexible conductors are

under consideration and, therefere, subject to agreement between the manufacturer
and the user.

NOTE 2 - Care should be taken that forces not representative of service

conditions are not introduced by the connections to the supply.

NOTE 3 - In principle, Fig. 2 is also applicable for testing cart&& switches

with the apprppriate arrangement of earth conductor.

NOTE 4 - Disconnectors intended to be used in plants with rigid conductors

may be tested in the same arrangement but with rigid Conductors and x1 = 1.2 y;
xs = 05 y.

FIG. 2 EXAMPLE OF A SINGLE-PHASE TEST ARRANGEMENT FOR

DISCONNECTORS WITH A HORIZONTAL.ISOLATINGDISTAKCE WITII
RATED VOLTAGES EXCEEDING52 kV

25
 .
0
P.
c \
}_ Y \
SHORT-CIRCUIT CONNEC- k z..
TION OR INPUT TERMINALS, m f I 2y OR 0.51
%
CHOICE OPTIONAL

1 = 30 f 10% ( )
y E minimum centre-to-centre distance between adjacent poles, as stated by
the manufacturer.

DISCONNECTOR WITH SMALL RATED MECHANICAL TERMINAL

LOAD
z-ccst arrangcmcnt (a)
Single or bundled flexible conductors anchored at points I and II and suppor-
ted on the disconnector without longitudinal terminal load.

Aitcrnativc test arrangement 1b)

Rigid conductor supported on the disconnector and at point I.
DISCONNECTOR WITH HEAVY RATED MECHANICAL TERMINAL
LOAD
Test arrangamcnf (b)
Single or bundled flexible conductors anchored at pantograph disconnection-
and at point I.
XT___, -I-__:,.. Cl ...,mhPFnf snncer.q.etc. of flexible conductors are undre
 I= 30 f 10% ( 1
y - minimum centre-to-centre distance between adjacent poles, as stated by
the manufacturer.

DISCONNECTOR WITH SMALL RATED MECHANICAL TERMINAL

LOAD
Tesst airangcmcnt (a)
Single or bundled flexible conductors anchored at points I and II and suppor-
ted on the disconnector without longitudinal terminal load.

Aitcrnatiuc test arrangement i b)

Rigid conductor supported on the disconnector and at point I.
DISCONNECTOR WITH HEAVY RATED MECHANICAL TERMINAL
LOAD
Test orrangemcnf (b)
Single or bundled flexible conductors anchored at pantograph disconnection-
and at point I.
NOTE1 - Tensioxi,siig,numberof spacers,etc,of flexible conductors are undre
Y consideration and, therefore, subject to agreement between the manufacturer and
the user.

NOTE2 - Care should be taken that forces not representative of service

conditions are not introduced by the connections to the supply.
NOTE 3 - In principle, Fig. 3 is also applicable for testing ,earthing
switches with the appropriate arrangement of earth conductor.

Fra. 3 EXAMPLEOF A SINGLE-PHASETEST ARRANGEMENTFOR DISCONNEC-

TORSWITH A VERTICAL ISOLATINGDLSTANCEWITH RATED VOLTAGES
EXCEEDING52 kV
IS : 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

In the
may be consi
switch can bl
may later in1

If, afte
withstand cu
doubt as to I
temperature-
The temper2
Part 2 of thi

3.4 Tests 1
Earthing S

3.4.1 Eal
shall be sul:
( Part 4 )-I
3.5 Opera1
3.5.1 Ger
be made at
The s
terminals w
Inl the operatic
l-J to the impe
voltage sou

3.5.2 CO
SHORT-CIRCUIT ,
CONNECTION OR INPUT n; satisfactory
TERMINALS, CHOICE
position of
OPTIONAL- zone actor
v
.-< With
I Y
placed in
standard )
l=29f lo%(m) mounting 1
y = mnumum centre-to-centre distance between adjacent poles, as stated by a) al
the manufacturer.
NOTE l- The complete definition of the test arrangement is under considera- b) a
tion and therefore, for the present it should be subject to agreement between the c) a
manufacturer and the user.
b
NOTE 2 - Lower limit for the distance 5 of parallel conductors: 5 = 05
times minimum distance between poles as indicated by the manufacturer. 4 a
1:
FIG. 4 EXAMPLE OF A SINGLE-PHASE TF,ST ARRANGEMENT FOR DISCON- _
NECTORSWITH A VERTICAL ISOLATING DISTANC:EWITH RATED VOLTAGES *Specific
EXCEEDING 52 kV TO BE USED WITH RIGID CONDUCTORS Type tests a

28
 IS : 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

In the case of a dependent manual operating mechanism, the test

may be considered satisfactorily completed, if the disconnector or earthing
switch can be operated manually, and if it does not sustain damage which
may later interfere with its mechanical or electrical performance.

If, after the test to prove the capability of carrying the rated peak
withstand current or the rated short-time withstand current, there is any
doubt as to the current carrying capability of the main circuit, a further
temperature-rise test shall be made before the disconnector is reconditioned.
The temperature rise in this test shall not exceed the values specified in
Part 2 of this standard.

3.4 Tests to Prove the Short-Circuit-Making Performance of

Earthing Switches

3.4.1 Earthing switches which have a rated short-circuit-making current

shall be subjected to a making test series in accordance with IS : 9920
( Part 4 )-1985*.
3.5 Operating and Mechanical Endurance Tests
3.5.1 General Test Conditiom - Unless otherwise specified, the tests shall
be made at the ambient temperature of the test room.
The supply voltage of the operating devices shall be measured at the
terminals with full current flowing. Auxiliary equipment forming part of
the operating device shall be included. However, no intentional addition
to the impedance ( for example, for regulation of the voltage) between the
voltage source and the terminals of the devices is permitted.

3.5.2 Contact zone Test - This test shall be made in order to prove
satisfactory operation of divided frame disconnectors in the various
position of the fixed contact within the limits of the rated contact
zone according to Fig. 1 of Part 2 of this standard.
With the apparatus in the open position, the fixed contact shall be
placed in the following positions ( see Fig. 1 and 2 of Part 2 of this
standard ), h being the normal height of the fixed contact above the
mounting plane:
a) at a height of A on the vertical axis of the assembly;
b) at a height of h-s on the same axis;
c) at a height equal to h and displaced from the axis horizontally
by + L/2; and
d) at a height equal to h and displaced from the axis horizontally
by - L/2.
*Specification for alternating current switches for voltages above 1 000 V: Part 4
Type tests and routine tests.

29
IS : 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

With the device in the open position, the fixed contact shall be placed After t
in the following positions (see Fig. 2 of Part 2 ), U being the actual and shall no
amplitude of movement of the fixed contacts: standard ).

a) at a distance equal to + U/2, and 3.5.4 Veri

Terminal LO
b) at a distance equal to - U/2. rated mech.
standard, aI
In each position, the device shall close and open correctly. wind forces,

3.5.3 Mechanical Endurance Teest - The mechanical endurance test shall After t
consist of 1 000 operating cycles without voltage on, without current in the a) for
main circuit and without the mechanical terminal load applied. mc
The test shall be made on ~disconnectors and earthing switches b) for
equipped with their own operating devices. ml
ml
On a disconnector or earthing switch having a power-operated
th
mechanism:

a) 900 close-open operating cycles shall be made at rated supply

Exan ,
voltage and/or rated pressure of compressed gas supply; given in Fig
NOTE
b) 50 closr-open operating cycles at the specified minimum supply only be tes
voltage and/or minimum pressure of compressed gas supply; and
3.6 Opera
C) 50 close-open operating cycles at the specified maximum supply
voltage and/or maximum pressure of compressed gas supply. 3.6.1 INI
operation C
These operations shall be made at a rate such that the temperatures a deposit c
of the energized electrical components do not exceed the values given in operation (
Part 2 of this standard. During the tests, lubrication in accordance with
Natu
the manufacturers instructions is permitted, but no mechanical adjust-
ment is allowed. categories:
a) Cl
For manually operated disconnectors and earthing switches, the
W
handle may, for convenience of testing, be replaced by an external power-
operated device. In this case, it is not necessary to vary the supply b) P
voltage. e:

The closed and open positions shall be attained during each opera- 3.6.2 A,
ting cycle. if the rnz
switches fi
In the case of a dependent manual operating mechanism, the values
of the operating torques measured after the test shall not be increased by Ap
more than 20 percent from the torque values noted befc.re the ,test. compare 1
be made
During the test, satisfactory operation of the control and auxiliary
contacts and position-indicating devices ( if any ) shall be verified. namely, 1

30
 IS : 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

After the test, all parts, including contacts, shall bein good condition
and shall not show undue wear ( see also Note 2 of Table 4 ofPart 2 of this
standard ).
3.5.4 Verification- of Operation During Application of Rated Mechanical
Terminal Loads - Twenty-five operating cycles shall be made with the
i rated mechanical terminal loads, according to 3.11 of Part 2 of this
standard, applied in four directions in turn spaced at 90, including the
wind forces, where assigned, acting on the equipment.

After these tests, the following verifications are made, that:

1
a) for electrically operated equipment, the power consumed by ~the
motor during an operating cycle is not materially increased; and

b) for manually operated equipment, the value of the forces

measured during a switching cycle does not differ from the value
measured under the same conditions before the tests by more
than 20 percent.
Examples of the application of rated mechanical terminal loads are
given in Fig. 4 and 5 of Part 2 of this standard.
NOTE .- Unless otherwise specified, the rated mechanical terminal load shall
only be tested in direction Fal for disconnectors with horizontal isolriting distance.

3.6 Operation Under Severe Ice Conditions

3.6.1 Introduction - Formation of ice may produce ~difficulties in the

operation of electric power systems. Under certain atmospheric conditions,
a deposit of ice may build up to a thickness which sometimes makes the
operation of outdoor switching equipment difficult.

Nature produces ice coatings which may be divided into two general
Categories:
a) Clear ice generally resulting from rain falling through .air some-
what below the freezing point of water; and
b) R ime ice, characterized by a white appearance, formed for
example from atmospheric moisture condensing on cold surfaces.

3.6.2 Applicability - The tests defined in this clause are to be made only
if the manufacturer claims suitability of disconnectors and earthing
switches for operation under severe conditions of ice formation.

A procedure is described for producing clear ice coatings which

compare with those encountered in nature so that reproducible tests can
be made. A choice is provided between two classes of ice thickness,
namely, 10 mm and 20 mm.

31
IS : 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

3.6.3 Test Arrangement NOTE -

per square n
3.6.3.1 All parts of the disconnector or earthing switch to be tested rate of apprc
shall be assembled, together with their operating mrchanism, in a room
3.6.4 Test
which can be cooled to a temperature of about -- lOC, or outdoors if it
is desired to perform the tests in conditions of natural frost. 3.6.4.1
required thic
The energizing of heating elements of the control mechanism is
procedure fol
permitted during the test.
a) Wit
Operating members may be shorfened in the assembly to suit the test the
facilities available, provided the angle of rotation of the parts affected co1
remains unchanged. air
NATE - In choosing the refrigeration capacity required, the heat content of the b) Fol
water with which the apparatus under test is sprayed has to be taken into account. -
3.6.3.2 Single poles of three-pole apparatus may be tested if each ten
pole has a separate ,operating mechanism. In the case of three-pole obt
apparatus having an operating mechanism common to the three poles, c) Ho
the complete three-pole device shall be tested, except that tests of a single co1
pole operated by the common mechanism may become necessary for appa- me
ratus with rated voltage exceeding 72.5 kV as the nlajority of testing wa
laboratories cannot accommodate complete standard three-pole apparatus en
of these voltages. However, it is recommended that mounting structures
or spacings should be modified ~where this is possible, in order to enable d) Di
three-pole tests to be made. ra
en
~3.6.3.3 The disconnector or earthing slvitch shall be tcstcd for
as:
operation from both the open position and the closed position, unless
otherwise specified by the user. Follol
nectar inch
3.6.3.4 Any excess oil or grease shall be removed from all outside
surfaces as thin films of oil or grease prevent ice from adhering and greatly 3.6.4,
change the results of tests. switch is m
completed
3.6.3.5 To facilitate measurement of ice thickness, a copper bar or
sustain dar
tube 30 mm in diameter and 1 m in length shall be rnounted in a
performam
horizontal position in a place where it will receive the same general rain-
fall as the apparatus under test. If the specific thermal capacities per unit If thl
surface area of test bar and apparatus under test differ considerably, even hydraulica
identical spraying conditions may produce very different ice coatings. completed
These differences in thickness may be minimized by short periods of supplied a
spraying alternating with longer periods of cooling. ( which m
3.6.3.6 The arrangement shall allow the entire apparatus to be Afte:
sprayed with artificial rain fallin, u from above at various angles from the normal an
vertical to 45. The water used in the spray should be cooled to a tempe- change ir
rature between 0C and 3C and should reach the test object in the liquid resistance
state.
32
 IS t 9921 ( Par@ 4 ) - H85

NOTE - As a guide, it has been observed that between 20 1 and 80 1 per hour
per square metre of area sprayed will be required to cause, ice to be deposited at a
rate of approximately 6 mm per hour.

3.6.4 Test Procedure

3.6.4.1 Formation of ice deposit 2 A coating of ,solid clear ice of the
required thickness, 10 mm or 20 mm, shall be produced. A typical test
procedure for the formation of ice is:
a) With the test disconnector in the open or closed position, lower
the air temperature to 2C and start the rain of pre-cooled water.
Continue this spray for a minimum of 1 hour while holding the
air temperature in the range of 0.5 to 3C.
b) Following the step (a), lower the room temperature to the range
- 7 to - 3C while continuing the water spray. The rate of
temperature change is not critical and may be whatever is
obtainable with available refrigeration apparatus.
Cl Hold the room temperature in the range of - 7 to - 3C and
continue .to spray until the specified thickness of ice can be
measured on the top surface of the test bar. The amount of
water should be controlled to cause ice to build up over the
entire disconnector at the rate of approximately 6 mm per hour.
4 Discontinue the spray and maintain the room temperature in the
range of - 7 to - 3C for a period of at least 4 h. This
ensures that all parts of the disconnector and the ice coating have
assumed a constant temperature.
Following this ageing period, the satisfactory operation of the discon;-
nectar including its auxiliary equipment shall be checked.
3.6.4.2 Checking of operation - If the disconnector or earthing
switch is manually operated, the test may be considered as satisfactorll)y
completed if the apparatus can be operated manually, and if it does not
sustain damage ( which may later interfere with its mechanical or electrical
performance ).
If the disconnetor or earthing switch is electrically, pneumatically or
hydraulically operated, the test may be considered as satisfactorily
completed if the apparatus can be operated fully by the operating device
supplied at its rated voltage or pressure, and if it does not sustain damage
( which may later interfere with its mechanical or electrical performance ).
After completion of the test and with the temperature restored to
normal ambient, it shall be demonstrated that there has been no significant
change in contact condition, for example, by measurement of contact
resistance.

33
Is : 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

3.7 Operation at the Temperature Limits 3.8.1 Tl

a) In
3.7.0 These tests apply only to outdoor disconnector and earthing
b;
switches and shall be performed on special request of the llser.
b) Ir
The tests shall be carried out with the rated values of voltage and te
supply pressure. rt

Single poles of three-pole apparatus may be tested if each pole has a The
separate operating mechanism. In the case ofthree-pole apparatus having to earth.
an operating mechanism common to the three poles, the complete three- earthed or
pole device shall be tested, except that tests of a single pole operated by measuring
the common mechanism may become necessary for apparatus with rated
voltage exceeding 72.5 kV as the majority of testing laboratories cannot 3.8.2 I
accommodate complete standard three-pole apparatus of these voltages. and at ap]
However, it is recommended that mounting structures of spacings should is made.
be modified, where this is possible, in order to enable three-pole tests to be prior to th
made. their ends
ference vol
3.7.1 Operation at Minimum Ambient Air Temperature - The disconnector The
or earthing switch in theclosed position, together with,its operating devices
1980 *] sl
and auxiliary equipment, shall be placed in a test chamber. The tempe-
Interferer
rature shall be lowered to and maintained at the minimum ambient tem-
MHz , se
perature appropriate to the class of the apparatus (see Part 2 of the
Radio In1
standard ) for a period long enough to reach temperature balance. The
tuned to 2
apparatus shall then complete 10 operating cycles satisfactorily.
the range
The energizing of heating elements of tire control mechanism is recorded.
permitted during the test. 3.8.3 :
publicatic
3.7.2 Operatiop at Maximum Ambient Air Temperature - The disconnector
30 Q; in
or earthing, switch in the closed position, together with its operating
radio int
devices and auxiliary equipment, shall be placed in a test chamber. The
the meas
temperature shall be raised to and maintained at the maximum ambient
for test F
temperature of 40C. ( see Part 1 of the standard ) for a period long
basis ma
enough to reach temperature balance. The apparatus shall then complete
10 operating cycles satisfactorily. Th
between
3.8 Tests for Measuring Radio Interference Level as seen f,
circulatir
3.8.0 These tests apply only to disconnectors or earthing switches having high vo:
a rated voltage of 123 ~kV and above, and shall be subjected to special agree- suitable
ment between the manufacturer and the user. at the m

Tests may be performed on one pole in both closed and open *Circu
positions for disconnectors, and in the open position for earthing switches. 1000 v a

34
 IS : 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

3.8.1 The test voltage shall be applied as follows:

a) In the closed position, between the terminals and the earthed

base; and

b) In the open position, between one terminal and the other

terminals connected to the earthed base. Connections are to be
reversed if the disconnector is not symmetrical.

The case, base and other normally earthed parts shall be connected
to earth. Care should be taken to avoid influencing the measurement by
earthed or unearthed objects near to the test object and to the test and
measuring circuit.
3.8.2 The disconnector or the earthing switch shall be dry and clean
and at approximately the same temperature as the room in which the test
is made. It should not be subjected to other dielectric tests within 2 h
prior to the present test. The test connections shall be so arranged that
their ends or cross-sectional dimensions are not a source of radio inter-
ference voltage.
The measuring circuit [ see Fig. 2 of IS : 2516 ( Part 4/Set 2)-
1980 *] shall comply with Publication 1, Sepecification for CISPR Radio
Interference Measuring Apparatus for the Frequency Range 0.15 to 30
MHz , second edition ( 19i2 ), of the International Special Committee on
Radio Interference ( CISPR ). The measuring circuit shall preferably be
tuned to a frequency within 10 percent of 0.5 MHz but other frequencies in
the range 0.5 to 2 MHz may be used, the measuring frequency being
recorded. The results shall be expressed in microvolts.

3.8.3 If measuring impedances different from those specified in CISPR

publications are used, they shall be not more than 600 Q nor less than
30 a; in any case the phase angle shall not exceed 20. The e valent
radio interference voltage referred to 300 Q can be calculated assuming
the measured voltage to be directly proportional to the resistance, except
for test pieces of large capacitance for which a correction made on this
basis may be inaccurate.
The filter shall have a high impedance so that the impedance
between the high-voltage conductor and earth is not appreciably shunted
as seen from the disconnector or earthing switch. This filter also reduces
circulating radio frequency currents in the test circuit, generated by the
high voltage transformer or picked up fro-m extraneous sources. A
suitable value for its impedance has been found to be 10 000 to 20 000 Q
at the -measuring frequency.

*Circuit breakers: Part 4 Type tests and routine tests, Section 2 For voltages above
1000 V ac.

35
IS : 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985
~~11 dl
It should be ensured by suitable means that the radio. interference also be inch
background level ( radio interference level caused by external field and by test and of I
the high voltage transformer when magnetized at the full test voltage ) is test report.
as low as possible. and in any case at least 6 dB and preferably
10, dB below the specified radio interference level of the disconnector, or 4. ROUTI!
of the earthing switch to be tested. Calibration methods for the measu- 4.0 Genera
ring instrument and the measuring circuit shall be in accordance with
those specified in the CISPR publications. 4.0.1 Thf
samples to C
3.8.4 As the radio interference leval may be affected by fibres or dust which the t
settling on the insulators, it is permitted to wipe the insulators with a clean
cloth before taking a measurement. The atmospheric conditions during a) PO
the test shall be recorded. It is, not known what correction factors apply
b) Vc
to radio interference testing but it is known that tests may be sensitive to
high-relative humidity and the resultsof tests may be open to doubt if the c) M
relative humidity exceeds 80 percent.
d) M
3.8.5 The following test procedure shall be followed:
Test
A voltage l-1 U,/l/~shall be applied to the disconnector or earth- upon betwc
ing switch and maintained for at least 5 minutes. U, being the rated NOTE
voltage of the disconnector or of the earthing switch. The voltage shall manufactu
then be decreased by steps down to 0.3 LJ&%, raised again by steps to or earthin
between tb
,the initial value and finally decreased by steps to 0.3 U,/J/3. At each
step, a radio interference measurement shall be taken and the radio 4.1 Power
interference level, as recorded during the last run, shall be plotted versus Circui
the applied voltage; the curve so obtained is the radio interference
4.1.1 Tl
characteristic of the disconnector or of the earthing switch.. The
and to 3.1.
amplitude of voltage steps shall be approximately 0.1 U,/d3.
poles in ne
3.8.6 The disconnector or the earthing switch shall be considered to
Whe
have passed the test successfully if the radio interference level at
assembled
l-1 lJ,/. 4 z as read from the radio interference characteristic, does not insulation
exceed 2 500 pV. In such e
manufactu
3.9 Test Reports
4.1.2 W
The test report ( see 3.0 ) shall contain the following osclllographic ( Part 4/S(
or other records ;elating to thk tests given in 3.3 and 3.4: - - * pole disco:
value spec
a) Current in each phase;
b) Voltage across each pole of an earthing switch having a making
*Method
capacity; (f;fst revision
tSpecific
c) Instant of energizing, the closing coil, where applicable; and voltages abo
d) Travel OFmoving contacts.

36
 IS : 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

Full details of the applied test methods and test arrangements shall
also be included in the test report. The result of observation during the
test and of the inspection after the test shall -also be clearly stated In the
test report.

4. ROUTINE TESTS

4.0 General
4.0.1 The following tests shall be carried out on an agreed number of
samples to ensure that the production is in accordance with the samples on
which the type test has been carried out:

a) Power-frequency voltage dry tests of the main circuit;

b) Voltage tests on control and auxiliary circuits;

c) Measurement of the resistance of the main circuit; and

d) Mechanical operating tests.

Test reports of these tests are normally not necessary unless agreed
upon between the manufacturer and the user.
NO&--- Where disconnectors aid earthing switches are not assembled at :he
manufacturers works to enable routine tests to be made on complete disconnectors
or earthing switches, tests on part assemblies should be subject to agreement
between the m;knufacturer the and user.

4.1 Power-Frequency Voltage Dry Withstand Tests on the Main

Circuit

4.1.1 The test shall be made according to IS : 2071 ( Part 1 )-1974

and to 3.1.1 on complete disconnectors or earthing switches, or on separate
poles in new, clean and dry conditions.

When disconnectors or earthing switches are not completely

assembled before shipment, separate tests shall be made on all the major
insulation components, such as bushings, insulators and operating rods.
In such event, test voltages shall be subject to agreement between the
manufacturer and the user.

4.1.2 When testing disconnectors, with reference to Fig. 1 of IS : 2516

( Part 4/Set 2 )-1980t, which shows a diagram of connections of a three-
pole disconnector also, the test voltage shall be raised to the withstand
value specified and maintained for 1 minute, according to Table 7.

*Methods of high voltage testing: Part 1 General definitions and test requirement
(first r&ion ) .
?Specification for circuit breakers: Part 4 Type tests and routine tests, Set 2 For
voltages above 1000 V ac (Jirst r&ion )_

37
IS ; 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

The IT
TABLE 7 METHOD FOR POWER-FREQUENCY VOLTAGEDRY
TESTS ( MAIN CIRCUIT )

( Cfuuse 4.12 ) where

TESTCONDITION DISCONNECTOR VOLTAGE EARTH
R
No. POSITION APPLIED TO CONNECTED TO
i]
(1) (2) (3) (4)

If Closed AaCc BbP 4.4 Mecha

_ 2* Closed Bb AaCcF 4.4.1 01

earthing sw
3 Open ABC abcF
the specifieo
4 Open abc ABCF
4.4.2 Du
*If the insulation between poles is air at atmospheric pressure, test conditions NO. 1 current in,
and 2 may be combined, the test voltage being applied between all the parts of the disconnect0
main circuit connected together and the base.
operating d
that operat
.
switches.
When testing earthing switches, the test voltages shall be raised to
the withstand value specified and maintained for 1 minute. The voltage The 1
shall be applied between the insulated terminals and between all the
insulated terminals connected together and the base earthed, with the a) at
earthing switch open. - g;
S\
The disconnector or earthing switch shall be considered to have
b) ai
passed the test successfully, if, during the test, no disruptive discharge
0
occurs.
c) al
For disconnectors or earthing switches have a rated voltage lower
C
than 420 kV, the test voltage shall be that specified in the relevent tables
of Part 2 of this standard under Rated I minute power-frequency with- Duri
stand voltage . shall be fal
For disconnectors or earthing switches having a rated voltage of each opera
420 kV, the test voltage shall be 520 kV.
A&e
4.2 Voltage Tests on Control and Auxiliary Circuits have been

4.2.1 These tests shall be performed under the same conditions as

prescribed in 3.1.11.

4.3 Measurement of the Resistance of the Main Circuit

4.3.1 The resistance of each pole of the main circuit of disconnectors

shall be measured under conditrons as nearly as possible similar to those
under which corresponding type test was made.

38
 IS : 9921 ( Part 4 ) - 1985

The measured resistance shall not exceed

1.2 R,

where

R, is qua 11to the resistance measured during the corresponding

type test.

4.4 Mechanical Operating Tests

4.4.1 Operating tests are made to ensure that the disconnectors or

earthing switches comply with the prescribed operating conditions within
the specified voltage and supply pressure limits of their operating devices.

4.4.2 During these tests, which are performed without voltage on, or
current in, the main circuit, it shall be verified, in particular, that the
disconnectors or earthing switches open and close correctly &en their
operating devices are energized or under pressure. It shall also be verified
that operation will not cause anj damage to the disconnectors or earthing
switches.

The test shall be carried out:

a) at rated supply voltage and/or rated pressure of compressed

- gas supply and tor hand-operated disconnectors or earthing
switches: 50 operating cycles;

b) at specified maximum supply voltage and/or maximum pressure

of compressed gas supply: 10 operating cycles; and
c) at specified minimum supply voltage and/or minimum pressure of
compressed gas supply: 10 operating cycles.

During these tests, no adjustment shall be made and the operation

shall be ~faultless. Thetlosed and open positions shall be attained during
each operating cycle.

After these tests, no parts of the disconnector or earthing switch shall

have been damaged.
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LUCKNOW 226001
NIT Building, Second Floor, Gokulpat Market, NAGPUR 440010 52 51 71
Patliputra Industrial Estate, PATNA 800013 26 23 05
Institution of Engineers (India) Building 1332 Shivaji Nagar, PUNE 411005 32 36 35
T.C. No. 14/1421, University P. 0. Palayam, THIRUVANANTHAPURAM 695034 621 17

*Sales Office is at 5 Chowringhee Approach, P.O. Princep Street, 271085

CALCUlTA 700072
tSales Office is at Novelty Chambers, Grant Road, MUMBAI 400007 309 65 28
*Sales Office is at F Block, Unity Building, Narashimaraja Square, 222 39 71
BANGALORE 560002

Pnnted at Dee Kay Printers. New Delhi. India