Victorian Certicate of Education

2009

CHEMISTRY
Written examination
Thursday 12 November 2009
Reading time: 9.00 am to 9.15 am (15 minutes)
Writing time: 9.15 am to 10.45 am (1 hour 30 minutes)

DATA BOOK

Directions to students
A question and answer book is provided with this data book.

Students are NOT permitted to bring mobile phones and/or any other unauthorised electronic
devices into the examination room.

VICTORIAN CURRICULUM AND ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY 2009

2009 CHEM DATA BOOK 2

Table of contents
page
1. Periodic table of the elements 3
2. The electrochemical series 4
3. Physical constants 5
4. SI prexes, their symbols and values 5
5. 1H NMR data 56
6. 13C NMR data 7
7. Infrared absorption data 7
8. 2-amino acids ( -amino acids) 89
9. Formulas of some fatty acids 10
10. Structural formulas of some important biomolecules 10
11. Acid-base indicators 11
12. Acidity constants, Ka, of some weak acids 11
13. Values of molar enthalpy of combustion of some common fuels at 298 K and 101.3 kPa 11
 1. Periodic table of the elements

1 2
H He
1.0 4.0
Hydrogen Helium

3 4 atomic number 79 5 6 7 8 9 10
Li Be Au symbol of element B C N O F Ne
6.9 9.0 relative atomic mass 197.0 10.8 12.0 14.0 16.0 19.0 20.1
Lithium Beryllium Gold name of element Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18
Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
23.0 24.3 27.0 28.1 31.0 32.1 35.5 39.9
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
39.1 40.1 44.9 47.9 50.9 52.0 54.9 55.9 58.9 58.7 63.6 65.4 69.7 72.6 74.9 79.0 79.9 83.8
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton

37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54
Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
85.5 87.6 88.9 91.2 92.9 95.9 98.1 101.1 102.9 106.4 107.9 112.4 114.8 118.7 121.8 127.6 126.9 131.3
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
3

55 56 57 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86
Cs Ba La Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
132.9 137.3 138.9 178.5 180.9 183.8 186.2 190.2 192.2 195.1 197.0 200.6 204.4 207.2 209.0 (209) (210) (222)
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon

87 88 89 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111

Fr Ra Ac Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg 112 114 116 118
(223) (226) (227) (261) (262) (266) (264) (277) (268) (271) (272) Uub Uuq Uuh Uuo
Francium Radium Actinium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium

58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71
Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
140.1 140.9 144.2 (145) 150.3 152.0 157.2 158.9 162.5 164.9 167.3 168.9 173.0 175.0
Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium

90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103

Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
232.0 231.0 238.0 (237.1) (244) (243) (247) (247) (251) (252) (257) (258) (259) (262)
Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium

TURN OVER
2009 CHEM DATA BOOK
2009 CHEM DATA BOOK 4

2. The electrochemical series

E in volt
F2(g) + 2e 2F(aq) +2.87
H2O2(aq) + 2H+(aq) + 2e 2H2O(l) +1.77
Au+(aq) + e Au(s) +1.68
Cl2(g) + 2e 2Cl(aq) +1.36
O2(g) + 4H+(aq) + 4e 2H2O(1) +1.23
Br2(l) + 2e 2Br(aq) +1.09
Ag+(aq) + e Ag(s) +0.80
Fe3+(aq) + e Fe2+(aq) +0.77
O2(g) + 2H+(aq) + 2e H2O2(aq) +0.68
I2(s) + 2e 2I(aq) +0.54
O2(g) + 2H2O(l) + 4e 4OH(aq) +0.40
Cu2+(aq) + 2e Cu(s) +0.34
Sn4+(aq) + 2e Sn2+(aq) +0.15
S(s) + 2H+(aq) + 2e H2S(g) +0.14
2H+(aq) + 2e H2(g) 0.00
Pb2+(aq) + 2e Pb(s) 0.13
Sn2+(aq) + 2e Sn(s) 0.14
Ni2+(aq) + 2e Ni(s) 0.23
Co2+(aq) + 2e Co(s) 0.28
Fe2+(aq) + 2e Fe(s) 0.44
Zn2+(aq) + 2e Zn(s) 0.76
2H2O(l) + 2e H2(g) + 2OH(aq) 0.83
Mn2+(aq) + 2e Mn(s) 1.03
Al3+(aq) + 3e Al(s) 1.67
Mg2+(aq) + 2e Mg(s) 2.34
Na+(aq) + e Na(s) 2.71
Ca2+(aq) + 2e Ca(s) 2.87
K+(aq) + e K(s) 2.93
Li+(aq) + e Li(s) 3.02
 5 2009 CHEM DATA BOOK

3. Physical constants
Avogadros constant (NA) = 6.02 1023 mol1
Charge on one electron = 1.60 1019 C
Faraday constant (F) = 96 500 C mol1
Gas constant (R) = 8.31 J K1mol1
Ionic product for water (Kw) = 1.00 1014 mol2 L2 at 298 K
(Self ionisation constant)
Molar volume (Vm) of an ideal gas at 273 K, 101.3 kPa (STP) = 22.4 L mol1
Molar volume (Vm) of an ideal gas at 298 K, 101.3 kPa (SLC) = 24.5 L mol1
Specic heat capacity (c) of water = 4.18 J g1 K1
Density (d) of water at 25C = 1.00 g mL1
1 atm = 101.3 kPa = 760 mm Hg
0C = 273 K

4. SI prexes, their symbols and values

SI prex Symbol Value

giga G 109
mega M 106
kilo k 103
deci d 101
centi c 102
milli m 103
micro 106
nano n 109
pico p 1012

5. 1H NMR data
Typical proton shift values relative to TMS = 0
These can differ slightly in different solvents. Where more than one proton environment is shown in the formula,
the shift refers to the ones in bold letters.
Type of proton Chemical shift (ppm)
RCH3 0.9
RCH2R 1.3
RCH = CHCH3 1.7
R3CH 2.0

O O
CH3 C or CH3 C 2.0
OR NHR

TURN OVER
2009 CHEM DATA BOOK 6

Type of proton Chemical shift (ppm)

R CH3
C 2.1
O
RCH2X (X = F, Cl, Br or I) 34
RCH2OH 3.6

O
R C 3.2
NHCH2R

ROCH3 or ROCH2R 3.3

O C CH3 2.3

O
R C 4.1
OCH2R

ROH 16 (varies considerably under different

conditions)
RNH2 15
RHC CH2 4.66.0

OH 7.0

H 7.3

O
R C 8.1
NHCH2R

O
R C 910
H

O
R C 11.5
O H
 7 2009 CHEM DATA BOOK

6. 13C NMR data

Type of carbon Chemical shift (ppm)

RCH3 825
RCH2R 2045
R3CH 4060
R4C 3645
RCH2X 1580
R3CNH2 3570
RCH2OH 5090
RC CR 7595
R2C=CR2 110150
RCOOH 160185

7. Infrared absorption data

Characteristic range for infrared absorption

Bond Wave number (cm1)

CCl 700800
CC 7501100
CO 10001300
C=C 16101680
C=O 16701750
OH (acids) 25003300
CH 28503300
OH (alcohols) 32003550
NH (primary amines) 33503500

TURN OVER
2009 CHEM DATA BOOK 8

8. 2-amino acids (-amino acids)

Name Symbol Structure

alanine Ala CH3

H2N CH COOH

arginine Arg NH

CH2 CH2 CH2 NH C NH2

H2N CH COOH

asparagine Asn O

CH2 C NH2

H2N CH COOH

aspartic acid Asp CH2 COOH

H2N CH COOH

cysteine Cys CH2 SH

H2N CH COOH

glutamine Gln O

CH2 CH2 C NH2

H2N CH COOH

glutamic acid Glu CH2 CH2 COOH

H2N CH COOH

glycine Gly H2N CH2 COOH

histidine His N

CH2 N
H
H2N CH COOH

isoleucine Ile CH3 CH CH2 CH3

H2N CH COOH
 9 2009 CHEM DATA BOOK

Name Symbol Structure

leucine Leu CH3 CH CH3

CH2

H2N CH COOH

lysine Lys CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 NH2

H2N CH COOH

methionine Met CH2 CH2 S CH3

H2N CH COOH

phenylalanine Phe
CH2

H2N CH COOH

proline Pro COOH

H
N

serine Ser CH2 OH

H2N CH COOH

threonine Thr CH3 CH OH

H2N CH COOH

tryptophan Trp H
N

CH2

H2N CH COOH

tyrosine Tyr OH
CH2

H2N CH COOH

valine Val CH3 CH CH3

H2N CH COOH

TURN OVER
2009 CHEM DATA BOOK 10

9. Formulas of some fatty acids

Name Formula
Lauric C11H23COOH
Myristic C13H27COOH
Palmitic C15H31COOH
Palmitoleic C15H29COOH
Stearic C17H35COOH
Oleic C17H33COOH
Linoleic C17H31COOH
Linolenic C17H29COOH
Arachidic C19H39COOH
Arachidonic C19H31COOH

10. Structural formulas of some important biomolecules

CH2OH H
O HOCH2 O
H H H C OH
H H

H H C OH
OH O H OH
HO CH2OH
H C OH
H OH OH H
H
sucrose
glycerol

HOCH2 O OH

H H
H H

HO H

deoxyribose

NH2 O NH2 O
O
C C C C
N N
N C HN C N CH HN C CH3 O P O
CH CH
HC C O C CH O C CH
N N H2N C C N N O
H N N H
H H
adenine guanine cytosine thymine phosphate
 11 2009 CHEM DATA BOOK

11. Acid-base indicators

Name pH range Colour change Ka
Acid Base
Thymol blue 1.22.8 red yellow 2 102
Methyl orange 3.14.4 red yellow 2 104
Bromophenol blue 3.04.6 yellow blue 6 105
Methyl red 4.26.3 red yellow 8 106
Bromothymol blue 6.07.6 yellow blue 1 107
Phenol red 6.88.4 yellow red 1 108
Phenolphthalein 8.310.0 colourless red 5 1010

12. Acidity constants, Ka, of some weak acids

Name Formula Ka
Ammonium ion NH4+ 5.6 1010
Benzoic C6H5COOH 6.4 105
Boric H3BO3 5.8 1010
Ethanoic CH3COOH 1.7 105
Hydrocyanic HCN 6.3 1010
Hydrouoric HF 7.6 104
Hypobromous HOBr 2.4 109
Hypochlorous HOCl 2.9 108
Lactic HC3H5O3 1.4 104
Methanoic HCOOH 1.8 104
Nitrous HNO2 7.2 104
Propanoic C2H5COOH 1.3 105

13. Values of molar enthalpy of combustion of some common fuels at 298 K and 101.3 kPa
Substance Formula State Hc (kJ mol1)
hydrogen H2 g 286
carbon (graphite) C s 394
methane CH4 g 889
ethane C2H6 g 1557
propane C3H8 g 2217
butane C4H10 g 2874
pentane C5H12 1 3509
hexane C6H14 1 4158
octane C8H18 1 5464
ethene C2H4 g 1409
methanol CH3OH 1 725
ethanol C2H5OH 1 1364
1-propanol CH3CH2CH2OH 1 2016
2-propanol CH3CHOHCH3 1 2003
glucose C6H12O6 s 2816

END OF DATA BOOK