लघुसिद्धान्त 1

laLd`r&izosf'kdk
laLd`r&izHkk 1
d{kk&9
& ys[kdx.k &
MkW- egkohjizlkn lkjLor
izksiQslj O;kdj.k'kkL=k] Jhxaxk'kknwZy jktdh; vkpk;Z laLr egkfo|ky;] chdkusj
MkW- jktsUizlkn HkV~V
izkpk;Z] jktdh; 'kkL=kh laLr egkfo|ky; ihB (Mwaxjiqj)
]hmXw a qgh Jw O a
mMm; - amOH$s; dnaR>m{[m;m; gH$Vodmb;,_hm[wam (O;[wa_)
S> m . OO; H$meo_l
;m;mVm (gH$VdmL_;), amOH$s; emr gH$V _hmodmb;, Xmgm
Y_ q gh Jw O a
;m;mVm (;mH$aUem;), amOH$s; AmMm; gH$V _hmodmb; _Zm{ha[wa_ , O;[wa_
flU U
Ufl, U---S-Ufll, U- U
. U
, U---S-Ufll, U- U
U. flU
flUDU, U-flUDU-S-fll, _Zm{ha[wa_ , O;[wa_
ek/;fed fk{kk cksMZ jktLFkku] vtesj

&iqLrdLFkfo"k;kuqef.kdk&
la i` la
& O;kdj.ke~ &
1- fo"k;izo's k% I - VIII
2- laKkizdj.ke~ 2&9
3- vPlfU/% 10&30
4- gYlfU/% 31&47
5- folxZlfU/% 48&58
& i|&ikBk% &

1- - 59&62
2- UU 63&74
3- 75&94
4- U-U 95&103
5- U 104&113
6- VUU 114&119
7- 120&136
(flUU )
& x|&ikBk% &

1- H$Wmgma 137&140
2- VmodH$m-W_m{ ^mJ 141&168
3- o_bm^ -oVrm{ ^mJ 169&175
4- eX$[moU YmVw$[moU M 176&187
5- mWZm-[_, oZ]Ym gmkmZm 188&194
6- dfBu'kCnkuka lkUnfHkZdk% vFkkZ% 195&196
1
'kqDyka czfopkjlkjijekek|ka txn~O;kfiuha

oh.kkiqLrd/kfj.kheHk;nka tkMkU/dkjkigke~A
gLrs LiQkfVdekfydka fon/rha iklus la f LFkrka
oUns rka ijes ojha Hkxorha cq f iz n ka 'kkjnke~ A A
2
AA Jhx.ks'kk; ue%AA
Jh ojnjktkpk;Ziz.khrk
y?kqflkUrdkSeqnh
uRok ljLorha nsoha 'kqka xq.;ka djksE;ge~A
ikf.kuh;izos'kk; y?kqflkUrdkSeqnhe~AA
vFk laKkizdj.ke~
v b m .k~ A1A y` d~ A2A , vks ~ A3A
,s vkS p~ A4A g ; o j V~ A5A y .k~ A6A
k e .k u e~ A7A HkQ Hk k~ A8A ?k < / "k~ A9A
t c x M n 'k~ A10A [k iQ N B Fk p V r o~ A11A
d i ;~ A12A 'k "k l j~ A13A g y~ A14A
bfr ekgs'ojkf.k lw=kk.;.kkfnlaKkFkkZfuA ,"kkeUR;k br%A gdkjkfn"odkj mPpkj.kkFkZ%A y.e;s

fRoRlaKd%A
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x.kjkta xq#a uRok 'kkjnka dqynsorke~A

ckykuka lq[kcks/k;] O;k[;kesrka djksE;ge~AA
- dkSeqnh pfUnzdkA eksnrs bfr eqn%] g"kZ vkuUnks okA dks% i`fFkO;k% eqn% dqeqn%] ;n~ok dkS i`fFkO;ka
eqn% ;su ;Lekn~ ok vlkS dqeqn% pUnzek%A rL; dqeqnL; b;a dkSeqnh vFkkZr~ izdkf'kdk T;ksRLuk okA
oS;kdj.kkuka O;kdj.kk;sr.kka O;kdj.kosr.kka ok ;s fln~/kUrk% fu.khZrkFkkZ%] rs"kka dkSeqnh bo dkSeqnh bfr
fln~/kUrdkSeqnhA y?oh pklkS fln~/kUrdkSeqnh bfr y?kqfln~/kUrdkSeqnh vFkok y?ko% vYik% (u losZ)
fln~/kUrk% y?kqfln~/kUrk% rs"kka dkSeqnh bfr y?kqfln~/kUrdkSeqnhA pfUnzdk ;Fkk vU/dkja fujL; inkFkkZu~ lq[ka
izdk'k;fr] rFkk b;efi xzUFk:ik dkSeqnh oS;kdj.kkuka fln~/kUrku~ lkjY;su izdk'k;fr] ckyku~ cks/;frA vr%
vL;k% dkSeqnhlkn`';kr~ dkSeqnhRofefr Ks;e~A
- vga (ojnjktkpk;Z%) 'kqn~/ka nks"k'kwU;ka fueZyka ok xq.;ka iz'kLrxq.kksisrka (lojtLrelka e;s
loxq.kL;So iz'kLrRokr~ xq.k'kCnsu v=k loxq.kL;So xzg.kkr~ loxq.kiz/kuke~ bR;FkZ%) ljLorha Kkukf/
"Bk=kha okXnsorka uRokiz.kE; ikf.kuh;izos'kk;ikf.kfuizksDrs 'kCn'kkL=ks lqdqekjerhuka ckykuka izos'kks ;Fkk
L;kr~ rFkk drq ^^y?kqfln~/kUrdkSeqnh** bfr ukEuha jpuka iqfLrdka ok djksfe jp;kfeA
3
1- gyUR;e~ 1@3@3
mins'ksUR;a gfyr~ L;kr~A mins'k vk|ksPpkj.ke~A lw=ks"on`"Va ina lw=kkUrjknuqorZuh;a loZ=kAA
2- vn'kZua yksi% 1@1@60
izlDrL;kn'kZua yksilaKa L;kr~A
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- ,rkfu prqn'Z klw=kkf.k ekgs'ojkf.k lw=kkf.k dF;Urs] ;rks fg egf"kZ% ikf.kfu% riks fo/k; Hkxor% egs'ojkr~
bekfu izkIroku~A egs'ojkr~ vkxrkfu] vr% bekfu ekgs'ojkf.k bfr mP;UrsA ;FkksDra ufUnds'ojs.k dkf'kdk;ke~
u`kkolkus uVjktjktks uukn <Ddka uoipokje~A
mn~/rqZdke% ludkfnflkusrn~foe'ksZ f'kolw=ktkye~AA bfr
- fdeFkkZfu ,rkfu \ bfr iz'us vkg & v.kkfnlaKkFkkZfuA v.k~ vkfn% ;klka rk% v.kkn;%] rk% laKk%
v.kkfnlaKk%A v.kkfnlaKk% vFkZ% iz;kstua ;s"kka] rkfu (ekgs'ojlw=kkf.k) v.kkfnlaKkFkkZfuA vFkkZr~ v.kkfnlaKk% ,o
,"kka iz;kstueLrhfr Hkko%A ,fHkjso lw=kS% v.kkn;% izR;kgkjk% fuehZ;Urs bR;k'k;%A
- ,"kka izR;sda lw=kk.kke~ vUrs Hkok% o.kkZ% (vUR;k% .kkn;% o.kkZ%) bRlaKdk% lfUrA
- ^g ; o j V~* bR;r% vkjH; O;tuo.kkZ% mifn';Urs] r=k izfro.kZa iqu% iqu% vdkjksPpkj.ka fdeFkZe~ \
fda gykfnizR;kgkjs vdkjL; vfi xzg.ka Hkofr ok \ bfr ftKklk;ke~ vkg & r=k gdkjkfn"kq vdkj%
mPpkj.kkFkZ%] u fdefi rL; vU;r~ iz;kstue~A fouk Loja O;tukukeqPpkj.ka u Hkofr bfr gsrks% r=k izfrO;tua
iqu% iqu% vdkjksPpkj.kfefr Hkko%A y.k~ lw=ks rq ydkjkr~ ij% ;% vdkj% l u dsoy% mPpkj.kiz;kstud%]
vfirq bRlaKd% l%A rsu p jizR;kgkj% fl~;fr bfr dS;Vsu rk dYiuk] rkeso dS;VdYiuke~ vuql`R;
HkV~Vksftnhf{kr% ojnjktkpk;Z'pkfi fy[kfr& ^y.k~e;s fRor~laKd%* bfrA
1- gyUR;e~ & gy~ $ vUR;e~ bfrPNsn%A

ikf.kus% v"Vk;k;ke~ v"VkS v;k;k% lfUrA izR;;k;a pRokj% iknk%] izfrikna p uSdkfu lw=kkf.k
lfUrA v=k lw=kk.kke~ vxzs mfYyf[krk la[;k e'k% v;k;L;] iknL;] lw=kL; p cksf/dk vfLrA ;Fkk vfLeu~
lw=ks AA bfr la[;k cks/;fr ;fnna izFkek;k;L; r`rh;iknL; r`rh;a lw=ke~ vfLrAbna lw=ke~ mins'ks
fo|ekuL; vUR;L; gy% O;tuL; bRlaKka djksfrA mins'k% d% \ bfr iz'us vkg & mins'k% vk|ksPpkj.ke~
bfrA vk|eqPpkj.ke~] vk|kuka ikf.kU;kfnequhuke~ mPpkj.ka ok mins'k% mP;rsA dspu rq
^^/krqlw=kx.kks.kkfnokD;fykuq'kklue~A
vkxeizR;;kns'kk% mins'kk% izdhfrZrk%AA
bfr mins'kk% bfr eU;UrsA vr% ,"kka /kRoknhuke~ vUR;L; gy% vusu lw=ks.k bRlaKk fo/h;rsA
^gyUR;e~* bR;srkor~ ,oa lw=kefLr] fdUrq vL; fooj.ks o`kkS ^mins'ks* ^br~* bfr in};e~ vf/da
fyf[kra] rr~ dqr% lek;krfefr iz'us vkg&^lw=ks"on`"Va ina lw=kkUrjknuqorZuh;a loZ=k* bfrA vFkkZr~ lw=ks lk{kkn~
vuqfYyf[krefi lw=kkFkZKkuk; visf{kra ina lw=kkUrjkn~ vU;LekRlw=kkn~ vuqorZuh;a HkofrA vr% v=k ^mins'ks*
^br~* bfr in};a ^gyUR;e~* bfr lw=ks vuqfYyf[krefi lr~ ^^mins'kstuqukfld br~** bfr lw=kkn~ vuqo`fk}kjk
vkxPNfr bfr Hkko%A
2- vn'kZua yksi% & 'kkL=kr% izlDrL; izkIrksPpkj.kL; mPpkj.kkHkko% v=k vn'kZuinL; vFkZ%A vFkkZr~
mins'ks fo|ekulkkdL; o.kZleqnk;L; rna'kL; ok mPpkj.kkHkko% yksilaKd% HkofrA fo|ekuL;kfi n'kZukHkko%
JO;RokHkko% yksi% bfr mP;rs bfr Hkko%A
4
3- rL; yksi% 1@3@9
rL;srks yksi% L;kr~A .kkn;ks.kk|FkkZ%A
4- vkfnjUR;su lgsrk 1@1@81
vUR;susrk lfgr vkfneZ;xkuka LoL; p laKk L;kr~A ;Fkkf.kfr v b m o.kkZuka laKkA ,oep~gy~
vy~ bR;kn;%A
5- dkyksTkzLonh?kZIyqr% 1@2@28
m p mQ'p 'p o%A oka dky bo dkyks ;L; lksp~ ekn~ Lonh?kZIyqrlaK% L;kr~A l
izR;sdeqnkkkfnHksnsu f=k/kA
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
3- rL; yksi% & rL; br%bRlaKdL; yksiks Hkofr vFkkZr~ ;L; o.kZL; bRlaKk f;rs] rL; o.kZL;
yksi% vn'kZue~mPpkj.kkHkko% ok HkofrA
- izfrekgs'ojlw=ke~ vUR;% o.kZ% bRlaKd% bfr mDre~] ;L; p bRlaKk Hkofr] rL; p yksi% vfi
Hkofr bR;fi mDre~A vr% ,rkn`';ka fLFkrkS lw=kkUR;kuka .k~d ~ p
~ knhuka ekgs'ojlw=ks"kq ikBL; d% ykHk% \ rs"kke~ rq
yksi% Hkfo";R;so] vr% rs .kkn;% fdeFkkZ% bfr iz'us vkg & ^.kkn;ks.kk|FkkZ%* bfrAvFkkZr~ ,rs .kkn;%
v.kkfnizR;kgkjiz;kstudk% lfUrA ,rs"kke~ bRlaKdRokr~ ,fHk% v.kkn;% izR;kgkjk% jpf;";Urs bfr
Hkko%A v.kkfn izR;kgkjk% vFkZ% iz;kstua ;s"kka rs v.kk|FkkZ%A
4- vkfnjUR;su lgsrk & vkfn% vUR;su lg brk bfrPNsn%A vUR;su bRlaKdsu lg vkfn% e;ofrZuka
LoL; p laKk HkofrA ;Fkk ^v b m .k~* bR;=k vUR;% .k~ o.kZ% bRlaKd%A rsu bRlaKdsu lg vkfn% ^v.k~*
bfr e;ofrZuks% ^b m* bR;u;ks% LoL; p (vkns% vdkjL;) laKk cks/d% Hkofr] vr% rkn`'k% vkfn%
^v.k~* bfr ^v b m* bfr o.kZ=k;L; laKk HkofrA vUR;L; br% rq r=k xzg.ka u HkofrA ,oeso vp~ gy~
vfyR;kn;% izR;kgkjk vfi ckss;k%A r|Fkk &vUR;su brk ^p~* bR;usu lg vkfn% ^vp~* bfr ^v b m y`
, vks ,s vkS* bR;srs"kka o.kkZuka laKk HkofrA ^gy~* bfr rq ^g ; o j V~* bR;r% vkjH; losZ"kka O;tukuka laKkA
vy~ bfr rq Lojk.kka O;tukuka les"kka laKk] vr% ^vy~* bfr o.kZi;kZ;%A ^gy~* bfr izR;kgkjs vkfnRosu ^g ;
o j V~* lw=kLFk% gdkj% xzk%] u rq prqnZ'krelw=kLFk% bfr fo'ks"k%A ikf.kuh;rU=ks lw=ks"kq okfrZds"kq p O;orkuka
izR;kgkjk.kka la[;k orZrs] r|Fkk v.k~] vd~] vp~] vV~] v.k~ ve~] vy~] v'k~ bd~] bp~] b.k~] md~] ,~]
,p~] ,sp~] [k;~] [kj~] e~] p;~] pj~] No~] t'k~] HkQ'k~] HkQ;~] >j~] >y~] >"k~] c'k~] Hk"k~] e;~] ;k~] ;.k~] ;e~]
;;~] ;j~] jy~] oy~] o'k~] 'kj~] 'ky~] gy~] g'k~ bfrA
5- dky% vp~ Lonh?kZIyqr% bfr inPNsn%A ô%* bfr ^* bR;L; izFkekcgqopus :ie~A ôke~* bfr
rq rL; "k"BhcgqopusA ^m* bR;L; ^* bR;L; ^ * bR;L; p mPpkj.ks ;% dky% vis{;rs l% ^dky%A
dky bo dky% ;L; vp%] l% vp~ dky bR;qP;rsA rkn`'k% dky% vp~ e'k% Lo%] nh?kZ%] Iyqr'p
laK% HkofrA v;ek'k;% & ^m* bfr ,dekf=kdL; mPpkj.ks ;% dky%] rkn`'k% dky% ;L; vp%] l% vp~
LolaKd%A ;L; ^* bfr f}ekf=kdL; mPpkj.kdkyln`'k% dky%] l% vp~ nh?kZlaKd%A ;L; p ^*
bfror~ mPpkj.kdky% (f=kekf=kdksPpkj.kdkyln`'k%dky%) l vp~ IyqrlaKd% Hkorhfr Ks;e~A ^mQ* 'kCn%
v=k ,dek=kf}ek=kf=kek=kdqDdqV#rL; vuqdj.kij%A l p Lo% nh?kZ% Iyqr'p izR;sde~ mnkkkfnHksn=k;s.k
f=k/k fHk|rsA ds lfUr mnkkkn;%\ vr o{;rs ^mPpS#nkk% bR;kfnA
5
6- mPpS#nkk% 1@2@29
rkYokfn"kq lHkkxs"kq LFkkus"kwoZHkkxs fu"iUUkkstqnkklaK% L;kr~A
7- uhpSjuqnkk% 1A2A30
rkYokfn"kq lHkkxs"kq LFkkus"o/ksHkkxs fu"iUukstuqnkklaK% L;kr~A
8- lekgkj% Lofjr% 1@2@31
;fLeu~ mnkkRokuqnkkRos o.kZ/ekSZ lekf;srs lksp~ LofjrlaK% L;kr~A l uofo/ksfi
izR;sdeuqukfldRokuuqukfldRokH;ka f}/kA
9- eq[kukfldkopuksuqukfld% 1@1@8
eq[klfgrukfld;ksPpk;Zek.kks o.kksZuqukfldlaK% L;kr~A rfnRFke~ & v b 3 =kV ,"kka o.kkZuka
izR;sdHk"Vkn'k Hksnk%A yò.kZL; }kn'kA rL; nh?kkZHkkokr~A rs"kkefi }kn'kA rs"kka gzLokHkkokr~A
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
6- mPpS#nkk% & mPpS% mnkk% bfrPNsn%A v=k mPpS% bfr 'kCn% vf/dj.k'kfDriz/ku% oZHkkxsFksZ
fo|rsA ukn/eZfo'ks"k% mPpSLRoa rq v=k u foof{kra] rFkk lfr mika'kwPpkj.ks LojL; mnkkrk u L;kr~A
rkYokfnLFkkukuke~ oZe~ v/% e; p bfr Hkkxk% HkofUr] rs"kq lHkkxs"kq rkYok|qPpkj.kLFkkus"kq oZHkkxs
fu"iUu% vp~ mnkklaK% Hkofr bR;FkZ%A
7- uhpS% vuqnkk% bfrPNsn%A v=k uhpS% bfr'kCn% vfi vf/dj.k'kfDriz/ku% lu~ v/ksHkkxsFksZ orZrsA
vr% rkYokfn"kq lHkkxs"kq mPpkj.kLFkkus"kq v/ksHkkxs fu"iUu% vp~ vuqnkklaK% Hkofr bfr lw=kk'k;%A
8- ;fLeu~ Lojs mnkkRoL; vuqnkkRoL; p mHk;ks% o.kZ/eZ;ks% lekgkj% Hkofr l% vp~ LofjrlaK%
HkofrA bRFke~ mnkkkuqnkkLofjrk% o.kZ/ekZ% dfFkrk%A yC/gLonh?kZIyqrlaK% vp~ izR;sde~ mnkkkuqnkkLofjr:iHksn=k;s.k
f=k/k lu~ uofo/% ltkr%Al p uofo/% vp~ izR;sde~ vuqukfldRo/esZ.k vuuqukfldRo/esZ.k p iqu%
f}/k Hkofr f}izdkjd% HkofrA dks;e~ vuqukfldRo/eZ% \ dks ok vuqukfld% \ bfr ftKklk;ka
;Fkkizla o{;rs & êq[kukfldk* bR;kfnA
9- eq[kukfldkopu% vuqukfld%A eq[ksu lfgrk eq[klfgrkA eq[klfgrk p vlkS ukfldk] eq[kukfldk]

'kkdikfFkZokfnlekl% mkjinL; ^lfgrk* bR;L; yksi'pA eq[kf}rh;k ukfldk eq[kukfldk bfr ok foxzg%
dk;Z%A v=kkfi iwoZonso lekl%A mP;rs mPpk;Zrs bfr opu%] v=k deZf.k Y;qV~A
eq[kukfld;k opu% bfr eq[kukfldk opu% vFkkZr~ eq[klfgrukfld;k v b m ,"kka o.kkZuka izR;sde"Vkn'kHksnk%A
yò.kZL; }kn'k rL; nh?kkZHkkokr~A ,pkefi }kn'k] rs"kka LokHkkokr~A
mPpk;Zek.k% o.kZ% vuqukfldlaK% HkofrA eq[ka fouk dsoy;k ukfld;k mPpkj.kklaHkokr~ eq[ksu
lfgrk ukfldk bR;qDre~A ;L; p dsoysu eq[ksu ,o mPpkj.ka Hkofr] l o.kZ% vuuqukfld dF;rsA bFka
Li"Va ;r~ eq[kukfld;k mPpk;Zek.k% vuqukfld%A dsoysu eq[ksu & mPpfjr% vuuqukfld% HkofrA v=k eq[ka
p ukfldk p bR;soa }U}lekl% u eUrO;%] vu;ks% izk.;Rokr~ ,dooL;] lekgkjL; uiql a dRokr~ LoRoL;
p vkiks%A bRFka uofo/% l% vp~ vuqukfldRokuuqukfldRokH;ka f}/k iqu% Hkofr] vr% vusu iFkk v b m
bR;srs o.kkZ% izR;sde"Vkn'kHksnoUr% ltkrk%A yò.kZ% }kn'kHksnoku~] l% nh?kZ% u Hkofr] vr% vL;
rUewydk% "kM~Hksnk% U;wuk% HkofUrA yò.kZL; nh?kZRoa u Hkofr] bR;=k egkHkk";eso izek.ke~] gksr`$y`dkj% bR;=k
gksrdkj% bR;soa nh?kZfo/kuKkiukr~A ,oeso ,p~iRz ;kgkjxrk% , vks ,s vkS bR;srs o.kkZ% vfi izR;sda }kn'kHksnoUr%A
rs"kka LoRoa u Hkofr] vr% Loewydk% "kM~Hksnk% U;wuk%A v=k vpka Hksnfooj.krkfydk nz"VO;k &
6
10- rqY;kL;iz;Rua lo.kZe~ 1@1@9
rkYokfnLFkkuekH;Urjiz;Ru'psR;srn~};a ;L; ;su rqY;a rfUeFk% lo.kZlKa L;kr~A (yò.kZ;skfeZFk%
lko.;Za okP;e~)A vdqgfoltZuh;kuka d.B%A bpq;'kkuka rkyqA Vqj"kk.kka ew/kZA y`ry q lkuka nUrk%A miwiekuh;kukeks"BkSA
ke.kukuka ukfldk pA ,nSrks% d.BrkyqA vksnkSrks% d.Bks"Be~A odkjL; nUrks"Be~A ftkewyh;L; ftkewye~A
ukfldkuqLokjL;A ;Ruks f}/k&vkH;Urjks ck'pA vk|% ip/k&Li`"V&bZ"kRLi`"V&bZ"kn~foo`r&foo`r&lao`rHksnkr~A
r=k Li`"Va iz;Rua Li'kkZuke~A bZ"kRLi`"VeUrLFkkuke~A bZ"kn~foo`rew"e.kke~A foo`ra Lojk.kke~A
LoL;ko.kZL; iz;ksxs lao`re~A izf;kn'kk;ka rq foo`resoA ckiz;RuLRosdkn'k/k & fookj%] laokj%] 'oklks uknks
?kks"kks?kks"kksYiizk.kks egkizk.k mnkkksuqnkk% Lofjr'psfrA [kjks fookjk% 'oklk% v?kks"kk'pA g'k% laokjk uknk ?kks"kk'pA
oxkZ.kka izFker`rh;ipek% ;.k'pkYiizk.kk%A oxkZ.kka f}rh;prqFkkSZ 'ky'p egkizk.kk%A dkn;ks ekolkuk% Li'kkZ%A
;.kksUr%LFkk%A 'ky "ek.k%A vp% Lojk%A d [k bfr d[kkH;ka izkx/ZfolxZln`'kks ftkewyh;%A i iQ bfr
iiQkH;ka izkx/ZfolxZln`'k miekuh;%A va v% bR;p% ijkouqLokjfolxkSAZ
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
v b m y` v b m , vks ,s vkS v b m y` , vks ,s vkS
LoHksnk% nh?kZHksnk% IyqrHksnk%
Lo&mnkkkuq u kfld% nh?kZ & mnkkkuq u kfld% Iyq r &mnkkkuq u kfld%
Lo&mnkkkuuqukfld%] nh?kZ & mnkkkuuq u kfld% Iyq r &mnkkkuuq u kfld%
Lo&vuqnkkkuqukfld% nh?kZ & vuq n kkkuq u kfld% Iyq r &vuq n kkkuq u kfld%
Lo&vuqnkkkuuqukfld% nh?kZ&vuqnkkkuuqukfld% Iyqr&vuqnkkkuuqukfld%
Lo&Lofjrkuq u kfld% nh?kZ & Lofjrkuq u kfld% Iyq r &Lofjrkuq u kfld%
Lo&Lofjrkuuqukfld% nh?kZ & Lofjrkuuq u kfld% Iyq r &Lofjrkuuq u kfld%
v=k nh?kZHksnizn'kZdi~DrkS y`dkjL; mYys[k% ukfLr rFkk LoHksnizn'kZus , vks ,s vkS bfr o.kkZuke~
mYys[k% ukfLrA
10- vkL;e~eq[ke~A vkL;s Hkoa o.kksPZ pkj.kLFkkua rkYokfn vfi vkL;e~A vkL;LFka rkYokfn v=k vkL;inL;kFkZ%A
iz"V% ;Ru% iz;Ru%] o.kksPZ pkj.kkr~ izkDru% ;Ru% ok iz;Ru%A vkL;a p iz;Ru% p vkL;iz;RukSA rqY;kS vkL;iz;RukS
;L; o.kZtkyL; rr~ rqY;kL;iz;Rua o.kZtkya ijLija lo.kZlKa a Hkofr bfr lw=kk'k;%A vr% eq[ks Hkoa rkYokfnLFkkue~]
vkH;Urjiz;Ru'p bfr ,rn~};a ;L; o.kZL; ;su o.ksuZ rqY;a Hkofr rkS o.kkSZ ijLija lo.kkSZ Hkor%A dkjy`dkj;ks%
fHkUuLFkkutU;Rokr~ fo'ks"kopu}kjk lko.;Za fo/h;rs ^yò.kZ;ksfeZFk% lko.;Za okP;e~* bfrAdL; o.kZL; fda LFkkua]
dp iz;Ru%\ bfr ftKklk;ka f'k{kkopukfu vFkZr% lax` kfr & vdqgfoltZuh;kuka d.B% bR;kfnA v=k dq pq Vq rq
iq bfr dkfnoxZipdL; cks/dk%] vFkkZr~ dq d [k x ?k bfrA ,oeso pq Vq rq iq fo"k;sfi Ks;e~A v] d] [k]
x] ?k] ] g] folxZ'p ,"kka o.kkZuke~ mPpkj.kLFkkua d.B%A b] p] N] t] >] k] ;] 'k ,"kka LFkkua rkyqA ] V] B]
M] <] .k] j] "k ,"kka LFkkua ew/kZA y`] r] Fk] n] /] u] y] l ,"kka LFkkua nUrk%A v=k nUr'kCnsu nUrewya xzke~] vU;Fkk
rq HkXunUrL; ,"kka o.kkZukeqPpkj.keso u L;kr~A m] i] iQ] c] Hk] e] miekuh;'p ,"kka LFkkue~ vks"BkSA miekuh;%]
ftkewyh;%] folxZ%] vuqLokj p d% bfr vxzs O;k[;kL;rsA k e .k u bfr izfrox ipeo.kZL; ukfldkfi
LFkkuef/de~A LoLooX; LFkkua rq rkYokfn rs"kke~ vLR;so] vr% ,"kka oxZipekuka }s }s LFkkus Lr% bfr foKs;e~A
,dkjL; ,sdkjL; p d.Brkyq] vksdkjL; vkSdkjL; p d.Bks"Be~ mPpkj.kLFkkue~A odkjL; nUrks"Ba] ftkewyh;L;
ftkewye~] vuqLokjL; p ukfldk LFkkufefr o.kkZuka LFkkuo.kZue~A
7
11- v.kqfnRlo.kZL; pkizR;;% 1@1@69
izrh;rs fo/h;rs bfr izR;;%A vfo/h;ekuks.kqfnPp lo.kZL; laKk L;kr~A v=kSok.k~ ijs.k .kdkjs.kA
dq pq Vq rq iq ,rs mfnr%A rnsoe~ ^v* bR;"Vkn'kkuka laKkA rFksdkjksdkjkSA dkjfL=ka'kr% ,oa
y`dkjksfiA ,pks }kn'kkuke~A vuqukfldkuuqukfldHksnsu ;oyk f}/k] rsukuuqukfldkLrs };ks}Z;ksLlaKkA
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
izlikz IrL; iz;RuL; fooj.ke~ & ;Ru% f}/k & vkH;Urj%ck'pA lw=ks iz;Ru'kCnsu vkH;UrjL; ;RuL; xzg.ka
cks;e~A iz"Vrk p rL; o.kksZPpkj.kkr~ izkx~HkkfoRosu foKs;kA ckL; ;RuL; ckRoa rq o.kksZPpkj.kkuUrja rL;
tk;ekuRokr~ foKs;e~ bfr f'k{kkxzUFks"kq Li"Ve~A r=k vk|% vkH;Urjiz;Ru% ip/k & Li`"Ve~] bZ"kRLi`"Ve~] bZ"kn~foo`re~]
foo`re~] laor` e~ bfrA r=k Li'kZlKa dkuke~ vkH;Urjiz;Ru% Li`"Ve~A ds Li'kkZ% \ dkn;ks ekolkuk% Li'kkZ% bR;uqineso
o{;rsA vFkkZr~ yksds ;% o.kZe% izfln~/% doxZpoxZVoxZroxZioxZ:i%] r=k ddkjkr~ vkjH; ioxZL; ipeo.k
;kor~ ;s ipfoa'kfr% o.kkZ%] rs Li'kkZ% bfr Hkko%A bZ"kRLi`"Ve~ vUr%LFko.kkZuka iz;Ru%A ds vUr%LFkk% \ ;.k% vUr%LFkk%A
vFkkZr~ ^;ojy* ,"kka o.kkZuke~ bZ"kRLi`"Va iz;Ru%A bZ"kn~foo`ra iz;Ru% "eo.kkZuke~A ds mQ"ek.k% \ 'ky% bfrA vFkkZr~
'kYizR;kgkjxrk% 'k"klgk%o.kkZ% "elaKdk%] rs"kkekH;Urjiz;Ru% bZ"kn~foo`re~A Lojk.kka foo`ra iz;Ru%A ds Lojk% \
vp% Lojk%A vFkkZr~ ^v b m y` , vks ,s vkS* bfr vp~iRz ;kgkjkUrxZrk% o.kkZ% Lojk% mP;Urs] rs"kka foo`ra iz;Ru%A
rfgZ laor` a dL; iz;Ru%\ bfr iz'us vkg & LoL; vo.kZL; iz;ksxs laor` e~] izf;kn'kk;ka rq rL; foo`resoA vFkkZr~
;=k dsoyL; LoL; ,dekf=kdL; vdkjL; iz;ksx% r=k rL; laor` a iz;Ru%A ;=k rL; nh?kZRokfnizf;kdk;Za lEiknuh;a
Hkofr] r=k rL; iqu% foo`reso iz;Ru% Hkofr bfr Ks;e~A izf;k;ka rL; ;fn foo`rRoa u Hkosr~ rfgZ nso$vky;%
bR;=k LokdkjL; lao`re~] vkdkjL; p foo`re~ bR;soa iz;RuHksnkr~ r;ks% lko.;Za u L;kr~ rr'p lo.kZnh?kZlfU/%
,o r=k u Hkfo";frA izf;k;ka rL; vdkjL; vfi foo`rRos rq mHk;ks% iz;RulkE;kr~ lko.;sZ u dkfi ck/k bfr
Hkko%A ckiz;Ru% ,dkn'k/k&r|Fkk&fookj%] laokj%] 'okl%] ukn%] ?kks"k%] v?kks"k%] vYiizk.k%] egkizk.k%] mnkk%]
vuqnkk%] Lofjr'pA r=k dL; ckiz;Ru% d% \ bfr ftKklk;ke~ vkg & [kjks fookjk bR;kfnA vFkkZr~ [k iQ
N B Fk p V r d i 'k "k l bfr [kj~ izR;kgkjsvkxrkuka o.kkZuka fookj% 'okl% v?kks"k% bfr ckiz;Ru%A ;s [kyq g'k
izR;kgkjkUrxZrk% ^g ; o j y k e .k u HkQ Hk ?k < / t c x M n* o.kkZ%] rs"kka rq laokj% ukn% ?kks"k% bfr
ckiz;Ru%A r=k iqu% izR;sda oxZL; izFke%] r`rh;%] ipe% vFkkZr~ d x ] p t k] V M .k] r n u] i c e bfr
o.kkZ%] ;.k% ; o j yk% p vYiizk.kk% HkofUrA vU;s rq oxkZ.kka f}rh;prqFkZo.kkZ% [k ?k] N >] B <] Fk /] iQ
Hk ,rs rFkk 'ky% ^'k "k l g* ,rs p egkizk.kk% mP;Urs vFkkZr~ e'k% iwoksDZ rkuke~ vYiizk.k%] i'pknqDrkuka p
egkizk.k% ckiz;Ru%A bR;soa izR;sda O;tuL; prq/kZ ckiz;Ru%A mnkk% vuqnkk% Lofjr'p bR;srs rq dsoykuka
Lojk.kkeso /ekZ%] u rq O;tukuke~ bfr ^mPpS#nkk%* bR;knkS Li"Ve~A bRFka fookj'oklk?kks"ks"kq p V r d i bfr o.kkZ%
vYiizk.kk%] [k iQ N B Fk 'k "k l bfr o.kkZ% egkizk.kk%A laokjukn?kks"ks"kq ; o j y k e .k u t c x M n
bR;Yiizk.kk%] 'ks"ko.kkZ% g HkQ Hk ?k < / ,rs egkizk.kk% bfr fu.kZ;%A r=k Li'kkZn;% ds \ bfr rq O;k[;kre~A bnkuha
ftkewyh;kfnfo"k;s vkg & ddkjkr~ [kdkjkr~ ok izkx~ v/ZfolxZln`'k% ftkewyh;%] idkjkr~ iQdkjkr~ ok izkx~ rkn`'k
,o miekuh;% bfr mP;rsA vp% ij% vuqLokj% va] ba bR;kfn:i%] folxZ p vfi vp% ij% v%] b% bR;kfn:i%
'kCniz;ksxs miyH;rsA vFkkZr~ vuqLokjfolxkSZ ,rkn`'kkS Hkor% bfr Hkko%A o.kkZuka lo.kZlKa k;ka LFkkuL; vkH;Urjiz;RuL;
p gsrRq oe~ vfLr] vr% r;ks% foospua rq lkFkZda fdUrq ck;RuL; rq r=k lo.kZlKa k;ke~ mi;ksx ,o u Hkofr] vr%
rL; izip% O;FkZ% bfr 'kk;ka oDrO;e~&ck;RuL; lko.;sZ mi;ksxkHkkosfi o.kkZuka lkn`';ijh{kk;ke~ mi;ksx% Hkofr
,o] vr% rnFk r% v;a izip% lkFkZd ,o] u O;FkZ% bfrA
11- v.kqfnr~ lo.kZL; p vizR;;% bfr inPNsn%A vizR;;% v.k~ mfnr~ p lo.kZL; laKk vFkkZr~ xzkgd%
HkofrA izrh;rsfo/h;rs;% lw=ks.k f;rs vlkS izR;;% vFkkZr~ vkns'k% vkxe% izR;; pA ;% lw=ks.k u f;rs
u fo/h;rs vkns'kRosu vkxeRosu izR;;Rosu ok vlkS vizR;;%A rkn`'k% v.k~ vFkkZr~ ^v b m y` , vks ,s
vkS g ; o j y* bR;srs o.kkZ% lo.kkZu~ xzkg;fUrA ;% fo/h;eku% v.k~ vkxe:i% vkns'k:i% izR;;:iks ok
l loZ.kL; laKk u HkofrA fdUrq ;% fufek:i% v.k~] mn~ns';:iks ok v.k~] l lo.kZL; laKk xzkgd% ok
Hkofr] rL; vfo/h;ekuRokr~A vr% ^bdks ;.kfp* bR;knkS fufek:i% vp~] mn~ns';:i% bd~ (mHkkofi
8
12- ij% lfUud"kZ% lafgrk 1@4@109
o.kkZukefr'kf;r% lfUuf/% lafgrklaK% L;kr~A
13- gyksuUrjk% la;ksx% 1@1@7
vfTHkjO;ofgrk% gy% la;ksxlaKk% L;q%A
14- lqfIrUra ine~ 1@4@14
lqcUra frUra p inlaKa L;kr~A
bfr laKkizdj.ke~
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
v.kUrxZrkS) lo.kkZu~ xzkg;r%A ,oe~ mfnr~ fo/h;eku% vfi lo.kZL; laKk HkofrA ds mfnr% \ dq pq Vq rq
iq ,rs mfnr%A vFkkZr~ ,rs ipfoa'kfr% o.kkZ fo/h;ekuk vfi lo.kkZu~ xzkg;fUrA v.k~ bfr ij.kdkjs.k iwo.Z kdkjs.k
ok bfr lUnsgs lfr vkg&v=kSok.k~&bfrA vFkkZr~ lEiw.ksZ ikf.kuh;rU=ks loZ=k iwoZ.kdkjs.k v.k~ x`rs] fdUrq dsoys
vfLeUuso lw=ks ij.kdkjs.k xzk% bfr O;k[;kukr~ Kk;rsA vr% v=k lw=ks ^v b m y` , vks ,s vkS g ; o
j y* bR;srs o.kkZ% v.k~laK;k Ks;k%A vU;=k rq ^v b m* bfr o.kZ=k;esoA bRFke~ vfo/h;eku% ^v* v"Vkn'kkuka
lo.kkZuka laKkA Lonh?kZIyqrewydk% Hksnk% iwo izifprk% lfUr] r=k nz"VO;k%A ,oeso bdkj% mdkj pkfi
v"Vkn'kkuka laKkA dkjy`dkj;ks% lko.;kZr~ dkj% vkReu% v"Vkn'kkuke~ y`dkjL; p }kn'kkuke~ bR;soa
fefyRok f=ka'kr~ laKk] y`dkj% vfi f=ka'kr~ ,oA
,p% izR;sda }kn'kkuka laKkA vFkkZr~ , vks ,s vkS izR;sda o.kZ% Lodh;kuka }kn'kkuka lo.kkZuka cks/d%A , ,s
bR;u;ks% vks vkS bR;u;ks'p rqY;LFkkuRokr~ foo`riz;RuookPp lko.;suZ ,dkj% ,sdkjL;] vksdkj% vkSdkjL;
cks/d%] rLekr~ ,dkj% vksdkj p prqfoaZ'krs% laKd% bfr 'kadk u dj.kh;k] ;rks fg ,dkj,sdkj;ks%
vksdkj&vkSdkj;ks% lko.;kZHkkoL; ^^,s vkS p~** bfr lw=kL; i`FkDdj.kkr~ KkfirRokr~A lfr lko.;sZ rq ^, vks
~* bfr ,dsuSo lw=ks.k fln~/s ^,s vkS p~* bfr O;FkZeso L;kfnfr Hkko%A;oyk% vuqukfldk% vuuqukfldk p
HkofUrA vr% vuuqukfldk% vfi ;oyk% izR;sda };ks% };ks% laKkA vFkkZr~ ;~ bfr vuqukfldL; vuuqukfldL;
p cks/d%A ,oeso odkj% ydkj'pkfiA
12- lafgrklaKkfo/k;da lw=kfene~A ij%vfr'kf;r%] lfUud"kZ% lkehI;e~ v/Zek=kkf/ddkyO;o/

kukHkko%A v/Zek=kkdkyL; O;o/kua rq votZuh;e~A vr% v/Zek=kkf/ddkyO;o/kukHkkosu o.kkZuka lkehI;a
lafgrklaKa Hkofr] vFkkZr~ o.kkZuke~ mPpkj.ks vfr'kf;rlkehI;eso lafgrk bfr fln~/e~A
13- gyksuUrjk% la;ksx% lw=kfena la;ksxlaKkfo/k;de~A vfTHk% LojlaKdS% o.kSZ% vO;ofgrk%

O;o/kujfgrk% gy%O;tuo.kkZ% la;ksxlaKdk% HkofUrA
14- lqi~ bfr ^LokStlekSV~ * bfr lw=kxrizR;;kuk/kjhR; izR;kgkj%] fr~ bR;fi ^^frIrl~fHkQ**
bR;k/kjhR; izR;kgkj ,oA lqi~izR;;% vUrs ;L;] fr~ izR;;% ok vUrs ;L; rr~ lqcUra frUre~A rkn`'ka
lqcUra frUra p inlaKda HkofrA vFkkZr~ vusu lw=ks.k inlaKk fo/h;rsA jke%] nsoh] o/w%] fp=ke~ bR;kn;%
lqcUrk%A iBfr] ,/rs] vikBhr~] Hkfo";fr bR;kn;% frUrk% 'kCnk%A] vr% ,rs inlaKdk% lUrhfr Hkko%A
bfr laKkizdj.ke~
9
vH;kliz'uk%
- mins'ks vUR;e~ br~ Hkofr &
(d) vp~ ([k) gy~
(x) folxZ% (?k) vuqLokj% ( )
- br~laKdL; yksia djksfr &
(d) gyUR;e~ ([k) vn'kZua yksi%
(x) rL; yksi% (?k) mins'kstuqukfld br~ ( )
- eq[kukfld;k mPpk;Zek.k% o.kZ% Hkofr&
(d) vuqLokj% ([k) O;tue~
(x) vuqukfld% (?k) Loj% ( )
- "eo.kkZ% lfUr &
(d) 'k"klgk% ([k) ;ojyk%
(x) dkn;ks ekolkuk% (?k) vp% ( )
- ckiz;Ru% Hkofr
(d) ip/k ([k) "kks<k
(x) n'k/k (?k) ,dkn'k/k ( )
- Li'kkZuka iz;Ru% Hkofr &
(d) Li`"Ve~ ([k) bZ"kn~foo`re~
(x) foo`re~ (?k) lao`re~ ( )
- yò.kZL; Hksnk% HkofUr &
(d) }kn'k ([k) v"Vkn'k
(x) f=ka'kr~ (?k) "kksM'k ( )
- dkj% laKk Hkofr &
(d) v"Vkn'kkuke~ ([k) f=ka'kr%
(x) foa'krs% (?k) }kn'kkuke~ ( )
- vuUrjk% gy% HkofUr &
(d) lafgrklKk% ([k) la;ksxlaKk%
(x) inlaKk% (?k) folxZlaKk% ( )
- mnkkkuqnkkLofjrk% ck;Ruk% HkofUr &
(d) vpke~ ([k) [kjke~
(x) g'kke~ (?k) o.kZek=kL; ( )
y?kwkjkRedk% iz'uk% &
- ekgs'ojlw=kkf.k dfr \ rkfu fy[krA
- dhn`'k% gy~ bRlaKd% Hkofr \
- gyUR;e~ bfr lw=kL; vFk fy[krA
- dL; vp% fd;Ur% Hksnk% \ fy[krA
- dkS o.kkSZ feFk% lo.kkSZ Hkor% \ r=k fu;e% d% \
- vdkjL; iz;Ru% d% \ izf;kn'kk;ka p d% \
- ftkewyh;% o.kZ% d% \
- ds lo.kZL; laKk% HkofUr \
10
vFk vPlfU/%
15- bdks ;.kfp 6@1@77
bd% LFkkus ;.k~ L;knfp lafgrk;ka fo"k;sA lq/h$mikL;% bfr fLFkrs
16- rfLefUufr fufnZ"Vs iwoZL; 1@1@66
lIrehfunsZ'ksu fo/h;ekua dk; o.kkZUrjs.kkO;ofgrL; iwoZL; cks;e~A
17- LFkkusUrjre% 1@1@50
izls lfr ln`'kre% vkns'k% L;kr~A lq /~ ;~ $ mikL;% bfr tkrsA
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
lfU/% esyue~A };ks% o.kZ;ks% ;=k esyua Hkofr] r=k ,dL; o.kZL; mHk;ks% ok ofuifjorZua
lkekU;r;k tk;rsA ;=k mHkkS o.kkSZ LojkS Hkor%] r;ks% esyua LojlfU/% vp~lfU/% ok mP;rsA r=k izFkea rkor~
;.k~lfU/ % fopk;Zrs&
15- bdks ;.kfp & bd% ;.k~ vfp bfrPNsn%A bd% bfr "k"B~;Ura ine~ mn~ns';e~A ;.k~ bfr izFkekUra
fo/h;ekuRokr~ fo/s;Hkwre~A vfp bfr lIrE;Ura fufeke~A ;r~ f;rs rr~ fo/s;e~] ;L; f;rs rn~ mn~ns';e~]
;RlEcU/su f;rs rn~ fufeke~A bd~ bfr izR;kgkj%] r=k ^b m y`* bfr o.kkZ%A ;.k~ bR;fi izR;kgkj% r=k
^; o j y* bfr o.kZprq"de~A vp~ izR;kgkjs ^v b m y` , vks ,s vkS* bfr o.kkZ%A o.kkZuke~ vfr'kf;rlfUuf/
fo"k;s bd% LFkkus ;.k~ fo/h;rs vfp ijs bfr lw=kk'k;%A ^lq/h$mikL;%
bR;oLFkk;ke~ e'k% m] bZ] m bfr o.kZ=k;e~ bd~:ie~] rsH;'p ijr% e'k% bZ] m vk bfr vp~izR;kgkjxrk%
o.kkZ% lfUrA vr% ,o vL;ke~ n'kk;ka dreL; bd% LFkkus ;.k~ fo/s;% bfr 'kadk;ke~ & O;oLFkkida
ifjHkk"kklw=ke~ vorkj;fr & rfLefUufrA
16- rfLeu~ bfr fufnZ"Vs iwoZL; bfrPNsn%A bna ifjHkk"kklw=ke~A vL; v;eFkZ%&lIrehfunsZ'ksu f;ek.ka
dk; o.kkZUrjs.k O;o/ku'kwU;L; iwoZL; mn~ns';L; drZO;e~A ^bdks ;.kfp* bR;=k ^vfp* bfr lIrehfunsZ'k%A
lq/h$mikL;% bR;=k vp% (fufekkr~) O;o/ku'kwU;% iwoZorhZ bd~ /dkjkskjorhZ bZdkj% ,o vfLrA ^vr%*
rL;So ;.k~ fo/s;% ukU;;ks% bdks%] r;ks% vp% vO;ofgriwoZRokHkkokr~A
v=k iqu% 'kadk & mn~ns';fo"k;s tkrsfi lek/kus fo/s;fo"k;s iqu% iz'u% & ;.k~ bfr izR;kgkjs
^;ojyk%* bfr pRokj% o.kkZ% lfUrA r=k bZdkjL; LFkkus ,"kq dre% fo/s;%\ losZ ok i;kZ;s.k L;q%\ vr%
O;oLFkkdie~ vU;r~ ifjHkk"kklw=ka & ^^LFkkusUrjre%** bfr vorkj;frA
17- ^LFkkus* bR;L; îzls* bR;FkZ%A ,dL; LFkkfuu% LFkkus cgwuke~ vkns'kkuka izkfIrizls LFkkfuuk
vUrjre%ln`'kre% vkns'k% fo/s;% bfr O;oLFkkA izriz;ksxs bZdkjL; LFkkus ;ojys"kq ;dkj ,o ;.k~ Hkofr]
bZdkj;dkj;ks% LFkkurlkn`';kr~A bRFka ^lq/h$mikL;%* bR;=k mDrifjHkk"kklw=k};lgk;r;k ^^bdks ;.kfp**
bfr lw=ks.k bZdkjL; LFkkus ;dkj:is ;.kkns'ks rs ^lq /~ ;~ $ mikL;%* bfr fLFkfr% tkrkA e/q$vfj% bR;=k
mdkjL; ln`'kre% odkj%] /kr`$va'k% bfr dkjL; ln`'kre% jdkj%] y`$vkfr% bR;=k y`dkjL; ln`'kre%
ydkj:i;.kkns'k% HkofrA vr% eofj%] /k=ka'k%] ykfr% bR;kn;% iz;ksxk% fl;fUrA
11
18- vufp p 8@4@47
vp% ijL; ;jks }s ok Lr% u RofpA bfr /dkjL; f}Rosu lq/~/~;~
mikL;% bfr tkrsA
19- HkQyka t'k~ HkQf'k 8@4@53
Li"Ve~A bfr iwoZ/dkjL; ndkj%A
20- la;ksxkUrL; yksi% 8@2@23
la;ksxkUra ;Rina rnUrL; yksi% L;kr~A
21- vyksUR;L; 1@1@52
"k"BhfufnZ"VksUR;L;ky% vkns'k% L;kr~A bfr ;yksis izkIrs (;.k% izfr"ks/ks okP;%) lqn~;qikL;% A
en~ofj% A /kR=ka'k% A ykfr% A
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
18- v=k ^;jksuqukfldsuqukfldks ok* bfr lw=kkr~ ^;j%* ôk* bfr in};e~ ^^vpksjgkH;ka }s* bfr lw=kkr~
p ^vp%* ^}s* bfr in};e~ vuqorZrsA u vfp bfr vufp vFkkZr~ vfTHkUus o.ksZA vp% ijL; ;j% fodYisu
f}Roa Hkofr vfTHkUus vFkkZr~ O;tus o.ksZ ijs bfr lw=kk'k;%A ;j~ bfr izR;kgkj% r=k ^g* o.k ifjR;T; lokZf.k
O;tukfu HkofUrA lq/~ ;~ $ mikL;% bR;=k mdkjkr~ ijL; /dkj:iL; ;j% vusu lw=ks.k f}Roa Hkofr ;rks
fg rLekRij% vfTHkUu% o.kZ% ;dkj% fo|rsA vr% lq /~ /~ ;~ $ mikL;% bfr fLFkfr%A
19- HkQyka t'k~ >f'k bfr lw=ka Li"VkFkZde~] vr% Li"Ve~ bfr mDre~A HkQy~izR;kgkjxrkuka o.kkZuka LFkkus
t'k~ t c x M n ,"kq ;Fkk;ksX;a vkns'k% Hkofr] >f'k HkQ Hk ?k < / t c x M n bR;srs"kq o.kZs"kq ijs"kq
lRlqA vusu lw=ks.k lq /~ /~ ;~ bR;=k iwoZ/dkj:iL; >y% LFkkus roxZ% r`rh;% ndkj:i% t'kkns'k% fo/h;rs
f}rh;s /dkjs (>f'k) ijsA vr% lqn~/~ ;~ $ mikL;% bfr n'kk ltkrkA r=k ---
20- la;ksxkUrL; inL; yksi Hkofr bR;FkZdsu vusu lw=ks.k lEiw.kZL; lqn~/~;~ bfr inL; yksi% izkIr%] vL;
la;ksxkUrRokr~A vr% lEiw.kZL; yksi% u L;kr~ ,rnFkZe~ vU;ka O;oLFkka lEikn;u~ ifjHkk"kklw=keorkj;fr &
^vyksUR;L;* bfr &&&
21- vy% vUR;L; bfrPNsn%A fo/h;eku% vkns'k%] fof/lw=ks "k"B~;Urinsu fufnZ"VL; cksf/rL; ;%
vUR;% vy~] rL; vy% (vUR;L; vy%) LFkkus L;kr~ bfr lw=kL;k'k;%A ^la;ksxkUrL; yksi%* bfr fof/lw=ke~A
v=k "k"B~;Ura ina ^la;ksxkUrL;* bfr] ,rsu fufnZ"Va lq n~ /~ ;~ bfr ine~] vL; p vUR;% vy~ ;dkj%] rL;
LFkkus fo/k;dlw=ks.k fo/h;eku% yksikRed% vkns'k% L;kr~A bR;soa lqn~/~;~ bR;=k ;dkjL; yksi% izkIr%A ^;.k%
izfr"ks/ks okP;%* bfr okfrZdsu vUR;L; ;.k% yksi% izfrf"k;rsA vr%
lqn~/~;~ bR;=k vUR;L; ;dkjL; ;.Rokr~ yksifu"ks/kr~ lqn~;qikL;% bfr fln~;frA
:iflfn~/ys[kuizdkj% &
lq/h$mikL;% bR;=k ^^rfLefUufr fufnZ"Vs iwoZL;** ^^LFkkusUrjre%** bfr lw=k};lgdkjs.k ^^bdks
;.kfp** bfr lw=ks.k /dkjkRijL; bZdkjL; ;f.k ;dkjs rs lq /~ ;~ $ mikL;% bfr tkrs ^vufp p* bfr lw=ks.k
^/dkjL; fodYisu f}Ros rs lq/~ /~ ;~ $ mikL;% bfr fLFkrs ^^>yka t'k~ HkQf'k** bfr lw=ks.k iwoZ/dkjL;
t'Rosu ndkjs rs lq n~ /~ ;~ $ mikL;% bR;oLFkk;ke~ ^^vyksUR;L;** bfr lw=klgk;r;k ^^la;ksxkUrL;
yksi%** bR;usu lw=ks.k vUR;L; ;dkjL; yksis izkIrs ^^;.k% izfr"ks/ks okP;%** bfr okfrZdsu fu"ks/s rs
o.kZlEesyus lfr lqn~;qikL;% bfr :ia fln~/e~A f}RokHkkoi{ks lq;qikL;% bfr f}rh;a :ia fu"iUue~A,oeso&
e/q$vfj% & e /~ o~ vfj% & e/~ /~ o~ vfj% & en~/~o~vfj% & en~ofj%] eofj% bfrA /kr` $ va'k% &
12
22- ,pks;ok;ko% 6@1@78
,p% ekn;~ vo~ vk;~ vko~ ,rs L;qjfpA
23- ;Fkkl~[;euqns'k% lekuke~ 2@3@10
lelEcU/h fof/;ZFkkla[;a L;kr~A gj;sA fo".kosA uk;d%A ikod%A
24- okUrks f; izR;;s 6@1@79
;dkjknkS izR;;s ijs vksnkSrksjo~ vko~ ,rkS Lr%A xO;e~A ukO;e~A (voifjek.ks p) xO;wfr%A
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
/kr~j~$va'k% & /k r~ r~ j~ $ va'k% & /kR=ka'k%] /k=ka'k%A y`$vkfr%& y~$vkfr% &ykfr% bR;kfn :ikf.k
fl;fUrA
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
izfr$,de~ izR;sde~A gfj$vuqHko% g;ZuqHko%A ;fn $ vfi ;|fiA r#$vfj% roZfj%A
xq#$vkxeue~ xqokZxeue~A pk#$vhpkoZh A lq$vkxre~Lokxre~A fir`$vkKkfi=kkKkA dr`$Z vk;q% d=kkZ;%q A
y`$vuqcU/%yuqcU/%A ?kLy`$vkns'k% ?kLykns'k% bR;knhfu :ikf.kA
22- ,p% v;~ vo~ vk;~ vko% bfrPNsn%A v=k ^bdks ;.kfp* bfr lw=kkr~ ^vfp* bfr ine~ vuqorZrsA
,p% (, vks ,s vkS) bfr mn~ns';Hkwrk%] v;kn;%pRokj% fo/s;k% ^vfp* bfr fufekine~A vr% vfp ijs ,p%
LFkkus v;kn;% L;q% bfr lw=kkFkZ%A v=k pRokj% LFkkfuu% pRokj ,o vkns'kk%A r=k izFkeL; f}rh;%] f}rh;L;
izFke% vU;% ok u L;kn~ ,rnFkZa O;oLFkkida lw=ke~ vorkj;fr & ;Fkkla[;fefr&
23- ;Fkkl~[;e~ vuqns'k% lekuke~A lek%lekula[;kdk% lEcfU/u mn~ns';fo/s;k% LFkkU;kns'kk% okA

;L; l% fof/% lelEcU/h fof/%] r=k vkns'kk% ;Fkkla[;a e'k% L;q%A vFkkZr~ ^,pks;ok;ko%* bR;=k
,p~ bR;L; ^, vks ,s vkS* bfr ;% e%] rnuqlkjeso v;kn;% vfi e'k% L;q%A vr% izFkeL; ,dkjL; v;~]
f}rh;L; vksdkjL; vo~] r`rh;L; ,sdkjL; vk;~] prqFkZL; vkSdkjL; vko~ vkns'k% Hkofr bfr O;oLFkkA
mnkgj.kkuka fo'ys"k.ke~ &
gjs $ ,] fo".kks $ ,] uS$vd%] ikS$vd% bR;=k iwoZ=k e'k% ,] vks] ,s vkS lfUr] rsH;% ijr%
vp~o.kkZ% e'k% ,] ,] v] v bfr lfUrA vr% ,p% LFkkus e'k% v;~ vo~ vk;~ vko~ vkns'kk% HkofUrA vr%
gj~ v;~ ,] gj;s] fo".k~ vo~ , fo".kos] u~ vk;~ vd% uk;d%] i~ vko~ vd%ikod% bfr :ikf.k
fl;fUrA
gjs $ , bR;=k ^^;Fkkla[;euqns'k% lekuke~** bfr lw=klgdkjs.k ^^,pks;ok;ko%** bfr lw=ks.k jdkjkr~
ijL; ,dkjL; LFkkus v;~ vkns'ks rs gj~ v;~ , bfr fLFkrkS o.kZlEesyus rs ^gj;s* bfr :ia fln~/e~A ,oeso
fo".kks$, & fo".k~ vo~ , & fo".kosA uS $ vd% & u~ vk;~ vd%
uk;d%A ikS$vd% i~ vko~ vd% ikod%A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
dis$, di;s] jo;sA jkes$vks% jke;ks%A Hkkuks$, Hkkuos] xqjosA
xkS$vkS xkokSA jS$vkSjk;kS bR;knhfuA
24- ^f;* bfr îzR;;s* bfr inL; fo'ks"k.ke~A ^f;* bR;L; ;dkjknkS bR;FkZ%A ;dkj% vknkS ;L; l
;dkjkfn%A rkn`'ks ;dkjknkS izR;;s ijs vksr~ vksdkjL; vkSr~ vkSdkjL; p LFkkus okUrkns'kkS Hkor%A dkS okUrkS \
13
24- okUrks f; izR;;s 6@1@79
;dkjknkS izR;;s ijs vksnkSrksjo~ vko~ ,rkS Lr%A xO;e~A ukO;e~A (voifjek.ks p) xO;wfr%A
25- vns~xq.k% 1@1@2
vr~ ,~ p xq.klaK% L;kr~A
26- rijLrRdkyL; 1@1@70
r% ijks ;Lekr~ l p rkRij'pksPpk;Zek.kledkyL;So laKk L;kr~A
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
bfr ftKklk;ka oDrO;e~ & ^,pks;ok;ko%* bR;=k ;s pRokj% vkns'kk% v;kn;% lfUr] rs"kq vo~ vko~ bfr }kS
okUrkS Lr%] rkS v=k xzkkSA vr% vksdkjL; vkSdkjL; p e'k% vo~ vko~ ,rkS Lr% ;dkjknkS izR;;s ijs bfr
lw=kkFkZ% iQfyr%A
mnkgj.kL; fo'ys"k.ke~ &
xks $ ;e~] ukS $ ;e~ bR;=k vksdkjkr~ vskd S kjkr~ p ijkS ^;e~* bfr 'kCnkS] r=k ;% ;dkj% l izR;;L; vfLr
mHk;=kkfiA vr% ;dkjkfnizR;;% ij% orZr]s vr% vksdkjL; vo~ vkns'k% vkSdkjL; p vko~ vkns'k% HkofrA vr%
x~ vo~ ;e~ xO;e~ bfr] u~ vko~ ;e~ ukO;e~ bfr :i};a fln~;frA
xks $ ;e~ bR;=k ôkUrks f; izR;;s* bfr lw=ks.k xdkjkskjL; vksdkjL; LFkkus vokns'ks rs x~ vo~ ;e~
bfr tkrs o.kZlEesyus p rs xO;e~ bfr :ia fln~/e~A ukS$;e~ bR;=k vkSdkjL; vko~ vkns'ks u~ vko~ ;e~
ukO;e~ bfr :ie~A
okfrZde~ & (voifjek.ks p) vok ekxZ%] rL; ifjek.kfo'ks"ks okP;s
;wfr'kCns ijs xks'kCnL; ;% vksdkj%] rL; vokns'k% oDrO;% bfr okfrZdk'k;%A
xO;wfr% xks$;wfr% bR;=k ^^voifjek.ks p* bfr okfrZdsu ;wfr'kCns ijs vksdkjL; vokns'ks rs ^x~ vo~ ;wfr%*
bfr fLFkrkS o.kZlEesyus ^xO;wfr%* bfr :ia fu"iUue~A
fo'ks"k% & xO;wfr% bfr ks'k};L; okpd%A ks'k};L; voifjek.kfo'ks"kRokr~
xO;wfr'kCnL;kfi ekxZifjek.kokpdRoesoA
25- xq.klaKkfo/k;da lw=ke~ ,rr~A vr~ Lo% vdkj% ,~ , vks bfr p xq.klaKdk HkofUr] vFkkZr~ ^v*
, vks bfr o.kZ=k;e~ vfLeu~ 'kkL=ks ^xq.k%* mP;rsA ,"kka =k;k.kka o.kkZuka xq.klaKk vfLr bfr Hkko%A xq.ksu ,"kke~ ,o xzg.ka
Hkfo";fr bfr rkRi;Ze~A
v=k iz'u% ^vns~ xq.k%* bR;=k ^vr~* bR;soa rdkjlfgrL; vdkjL; xzg.ka fdeFkZe~ \ dFkUu ^v
,~ xq.k%* bR;soa lw=ka jfpre~ \ vr% mkjfr lw=k}kjk & ^rijLrRdkyL;* bfr
26- ^rij% rRdkyL;* bfrPNsn%A rij% bfr ins }kS leklkS cgqozhfg% rRiq#"k'pA r% ij% ;Lekr~ l
rij%] cgqozhfg% v;e~A rkRij% rij% bfr ipehrRiq#"k%A bRFka rij'kCnL; vFkZ};a Hkofr r% ij% ;Lekr~ l%]
rkRij'p ;%] l rRdkyL; laKk cks/d% HkofrA rRdkyL; bR;qDrs%fde~ \ rijRosu mPpk;Zek.k% ;% o.kZ%]
rL; ;% dky%] rRdkysu ln`'k% dky% ;L;] rL;So rij% laKk bfrA ;Fkk ^vns~ xq.k%* bR;=k ^v* bfr
rij%] r% ij% ;Lekr~ bfr cgqozhfga lekfJR; rFkk ,~ bR;fi rij%] rkRij% bfr rRiq#"kek/kjhR;A vr%
^v* bfr rij%] LolekudkyL;So cks/d%A vL; p ,dekf=kdRokr~ LolaKdRokr~] v;e~ vdkj Loewydkuka
"k..kke~ ,o vdkjknhuak cks/d% vr% Lo vdkj ,o xq.klaKd%] u iqu% nh?kZIyqrkS vfiA ,oeso ^,~ bfr
vfi rij%A vr% l vfi LoledkyL; ,o laKkA v=k p ,~ bfr ^, vks* }kS o.kkZSA ,rkS LokS u Hkor%]
14
27- vkn~xq.k% 6@1@87
vo.kkZnfp ijs iwoZij;ksjsdks xq.k vkns'k% L;kr~A misUnz%A xksnde~A
28- mins'kstuqukfld br~ 1@3@2
mins'ksuqukfldksftRlaK% L;kr~A izfrKkuqukflD;k% ikf.kuh;k%Ay.k~lw=kLFkko.ksZu lgksPpk;Zek.kks jsiQks
jy;ks% laKkAA
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
LoHkkor% nh?kkSZA vu;ks% rijRokr~ ,rkS nh?kkZ.kke~ "k..kka Hksnkuka cks/dkS] u IyqrkukefiA vr% nh?kZ;ks% ,o ^,
vks* bR;u;ks% xq.klaKk] u Iyqr;ks% bfr O;oLFkkA ,"kk p O;oLFkk rijRosu ,o fofgrkA ;fn fg v=k lw=ks rijRoa
ukdfj";r~ rnk rq ^v.kqfnRlo.kZL; pkizR;;%* bfr lw=kfn'kk vdkjs.k v"Vkn'kkuka xzg.kkr~ vkdkjL;kfi xq.klaKk]
,~ bR;usu p }kn'kkuka xzg.kkr~ , vks Iyqr;ks% vfi xq.klaKk vHkfo";r~ bfr Hkko%A
27- vkr~ bfr ^v* bR;L; ipE;sdopue~A ^v* bfr vfo/h;ekuRokr~ lo.kkZu~ xzkg;fr vr% vdkjkr~
vkdkjkr~ p vfp ijs iwoZij;ks% (iwoZL; vdkjL; ijL; p vp%) LFkkus xq.k:i% ,dkns'k% Hkofr%A ,dkns'k%
bR;qDrs% };ks% Loj;ks% LFkkus ,d%Loj HkofrA l p fda :i% \ vr mP;rs xq.k:i%A xq.k% fda :i%\ v ,
vks bR;srs"kq vU;re:i% ^vns~xq.k%* bfr lw=kkr~A
mnkgj.kfo'ys"k.ke~ &
mi$bUnz% misUnz%A xk $ mndaxksnde~A mi$bUnz% bR;=k ^^vkn~xq.k%** bR;usu xq.k% fo/h;rsA
d;ks% LFkkus \ iwoZij;ks%A dkS iwoZijkS \ idkjkskjorhZ vdkj% bUnz'kCnL; vknkS fLFkr% bdkj'p iwoZijkS] r;ks%
LFkkus xq.k:i%,dkns'k% fo/s;%A ^vns~ xq.k%* bfr lw=kkr~ ^v , vks* bfr xq.klaKda o.kZ=k;e~A v=k iwoZij;ks%
LFkkus ,"kq f=k"kq dre% xq.k% L;kr~ \ bfr iz'us ^LFkkusUrjre%* bfr lw=kkuqlkja ln`'kre% vkns'k% L;kr~] bR;qkje~A
v=k fg iwoZij;ks% LFkkfuuks% vdkj & bdkj;ks% e'k% d.B% rkyq bfr mPpkj.kLFkkus Lr%A izlizkIrs"kq
xq.klaKds"kq ^,* bR;L; d.Brkyq LFkkue~A vr% rkH;ka LFkkfuH;ka rqY;% ,dkj:i% xq.k% ,o Hkofr vr% mi~
(v$b ,)Unz% misUnz% bR;soa :ie~ fu"i|rsA xksnde~ bR;=k xk$mnde~ bfr inPNsns vkdkj&mdkj;ks%
e'k% d.B% vkS"BkS p LFkkus Lr%] xq.klaKds"kq p vksdkjL; d.Bks"BLFkkuRokr~ r;ks% LFkkus vksdkj:i%
xq.kSdkns'k% HkofrA
misUnz% & mi$bUnz% bR;=k ^^vns~xq.k%** bfr lw=ks.k ^v , vks* bR;srs"kka xq.klaKk;ka rk;ke~
^^vkn~xq.k%** bfr lw=ks.k idkjkskjofrZu% vdkjL; bUnz'kCnxrL; bdkjL; p LFkkus ,dkj:is xq.ks ,dkns'ks
(,dkj:ixq.kSdkns'ks) rs mi~ , Unz% misUnz% bfr fln~/e~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
jek$bZ'k% jes'k%] x.k$bZ'k%x.ks'k%] egk$bZ'k%egs'k% egsUnz%] ujsUnz%] egk$mik;k;% egksik;k;%]
dqy$mn~Hko% dqyksn~Hko%] dqy$mRiUu% dqyksRiUu%] ty$mn~xe% tyksn~xe%A ioZ$mRlo%
ioksZRlo%] fookgksRlo% bR;knhfuA
28 mins'sk vp~ vuqukfld br~ bfrPNsn%A mins'k% vk|ksPpkj.ke~ bfr ^gyUR;e~* bfr lw=ks izifpre~A
mins'ks ; vuqukfld% vp~ l bRlaK% Hkofr bfr lw=kkFkZ%A vk|k% ikf.kU;kn;% Do Do vp% vuqukfldku~
roUr% \ dFkp vk/qfudS% Kkrqa 'kD;rs ;nlkS vp~ vuqukfld bfr\ vr vkg & îzfrKkuqukflD;k%
ikf.kuh;k%* bfrA vFkkZr~ xq#f'k";ijEij;k Kk;rs ;n;ep~ vuqukfld%] v;p vuuqukfld% bfrA ijEijkxr%;s"kke~
vpke~ bRlaKk yksi p f;ek.k vfLr] rs o.kkZ% ikf.kfuuk izksDrk% vuqukfld/eZoUr% lUrhfr vH;qixPNfUr
vk/qfudk% bfr Hkko%Ay.k~ bfr "k"Bs ekgs'ojlw=ks ydkjkRij% ;% vdkj% rL; vuqukfldRoizfrK;k bRlaKka
15
29- mj.k~ jij% 1@1@91
bfr f=ka'kr% laKsR;qDre~A rRLFkkus ;ks.k~ l jij% lUuso izorZrsA ".kfZ%A roYdkj%A
30- yksi%'kkdY;L; 8@3@19
vo.kZiwoZ;ks% inkUr;ks;Zo;ksyksZiks okf'k ijsA
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fo/k; (^mins'kstuqukfld br~* lw=ks.k) rsu brk lg mPpk;Zek.k% g;ojV~ lw=kLFk% ^j~ v* bR;soa jdkj%
(jizR;kgkj%) e;xL; yL;] LoL; p laKkcks/d% lu~ j~ y~ bfr o.kZ};a xzkg;frA vFkkZr~ j xzg.ksu jdkjL;
ydkjL; p mHk;L; xzg.ka Hkofr bR;k'k;%A
29- bfr o.kZL; "k"B~;sdopus m% bfr #ie~A m% v.k~ jij% bfr lw=kL; inPNsn%A j% ij% ;Lekr~ l%
jij%A bfr f=ka'kn~Hksnkuka laKk bfr iwoZeqDre~ vfLrA v"Vkn'kHksnk% dkjL;] }kn'k y`dkjL;A r;ks%
yò.kZ;ks% lko.;kZr~ dkj% vkReu%] lof.kZu'p y`dkjL; vkgR; f=ka'kn~Hksnku~ xzkg;frA vr% LFkkus
(y`LFkkus p) ;L; v.k% (v b m) fo/kua Hkofr] l v.k~ jij% lu~ r=k izorZrsA jij% bR;=k ^j* bfr
iwoksDZ rfn'kk izR;kgkj% jy;ks% cks/d%A vr% LFkkus fo/h;eku% v.k~ jij% Hkofr] y`dkjL; LFkkus fo/h;eku%
v.k~ yij% Hkofr bfr O;oLFkkA
".k $ fn~/% bR;=k ^vkn~xq.k%* bR;usu vdkjdkj;ks% LFkkus fo/h;eku% vdkj:i% xq.kSdkns'k%
dkjL; LFkkus fo/h;ekuRokr~ jij% lu~ ".k~ vj~ f bR;soa izorZrs] o.kZlEesyus jsiQL; p
tyrqfEcdkU;k;su oZxeus ".kfn~/Z% bfr flf% HkofrA ,oeso
ro$y`dkj% bR;=k dkjs.k y`dkjL; vfi lko.;Zo'kkr~ xzg.ksu xq.kSdkns'ks vdkj:is ro~ v dkj%
bR;=k ^mj.k~ jij%* bR;usu jdkjs.k ydkjL;kfi xzg.kkr~ yijRos ro~ vy~ dkj% bfr tkrs o.kZ lEEksyus roYdkj%
bfr :ia fl;frA
1- ".kfZ% &
".k$fn~/% bR;=k ^^vns~ xq.k%** bR;usu ^v , vks* bfr o.kZ=k;L; xq.klaKkRokr~ ^vkn~xq.k%* bfr
lw=ks.k .kdkjkskjofrZu% vdkjL; fn~/'kCnxrL; dkjL; p LFkkus vdkj:is xq.kSdkns'ks ^^ ^^mj.k~ jij%**
bfr lw=ks.k jijRos p rs ".k~vj~ fn~/% bR;oLFkk;ka o.kZlEesyus jsiQL; tyrqfEcdkU;k;su oZxeus
^".kfZ%* bfr fln~/e~A
2- roYdkj%&
ro$y`dkj% bR;=k ^vkn~xq.k%* bfr lw=ks.k odkjkskjofrZu% vdkjL; y`dkjL; p mHk;ks% LFkkus ^v
, vks* bfr xq.klaKds"kq vdkj:is xq.kSdkns'ks ^^mj.k~ jij%** bfr lw=ks.k yijRos ro~ vy~ dkj%
o.kZlEesyus p rs roYdkj% bfr :ia fu"iUue~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
nso$f"k% nsof"kZ%A egk$f"k% egf"kZ%A xzh"e $ rq% xzh"erqZ%A lIr $ "k;% lIr"kZ;%A
ee$y`dkj% eeYdkj%A LoL; $ y`dkjL; LoL;YdkjL;
30- inL; vUrs fLFkr;ks% vo.kZiwoZ;ks% ;dkjodkj;ks% vf'k ijs 'kkdY;L; ers yksi% HkofrA v'k~ bfr
izR;kgkj% vbm.k~ bR;dkjknkjH; tcxMn'k~ bfr 'kdkja ;kor~A ikf.kfuers rq yksi% u Hkofr] vr% oSdfYid%
v;a yksi%A ;Fkk gjs$bg] fo".kks $ bg bR;=k ^^,pks;ok;ko%** bfr e'k% v;kns'ks vokns'ks gj;~ $ bg]
fo".ko~ $ bg bR;oLFkk;ka ainkUr;ks% vo.kZiwoZd;ks% ;o;ks% foHkk"k;k yksi% Hkofr v'ijdRokr~A bg bR;=k b
bfr v'k~A tkrs p r;ks% yksis gj bg] fo".k bg bfr fLFkfr%] v=k ^^vkn~xq.k%** bfr xq.k% izkIr% vo.kkZr~ ijs
vp% fLFkrRokr~A fdUrq xq.k% u Hkofr] fda dkj.ka u Hkofr \ vr vkg & iwoZ=kkfln~/fefrA
16
31- iwoZ=kkfln~/e~ 8@2@1
liknlIrk;k;ha izfr f=kik|fln~/k] f=kik|kefi iwoZa izfr ija 'kkL=kefln~/e~A gj bg] gjf;gA fo".k
bg] fo".kfogA
32- o`fn~/jknSp~ 1@1@1
vknSPp o`fn~/laK% L;kr~A
33- o`fn~/jsfp 6@1@88
vknsfp ijs o`fn~/jsdkns'k% L;kr~A xq.kkiokn%A ".kSdRoe~A xkS?k%AnsoS'o;Ze~A ".kkSRd.B~;e~A
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
- iwo=Z kkfln~/e~ & v"Vk;k;ke~ v"VkS v;k;k% lfUrA r=k v"Vek;k;L; izFkeikna ;kor~ liknlIrk;k;h
bfr mP;rsA vfUrea ikn=k;a f=kiknh bfr dF;rsA liknlIrk;k;hLFka lw=ka izfr f=kiknhLFka 'kkL=ka lw=ke~ vfln~/
aHkofrA vFkkZr~ f=kiknhlw=ks.k fofgrefi dk;Za liknlIrk;k;hLFklw=kn`"V~;k vufLrRoon~ HkofrA f=kik|kefi
iwoZrua lw=ka izfr ija lw=kefln~/a HkofrA vr% v"Vk;k;k% vfUrea lw=ka losZ"kka lw=kk.kka n`"V~;k vfle~Agj bg]
fo".k bg bR;=k ;dkjodkj;ks% yksifo/k;dL; ^^yksi%
'kkdY;L;** lw=kL; f=kiknhLFkRokr~ lIrknlIrk;k;hLFke~ ^^vkn~x.q k%** bfr lw=ka izfr vfln~/Rokr~ ;yksis
oyksis tkrs vfi xq.k% u Hkofr]^vkn~x.q k%* bfr n`"V~;k ;dkjodkj;ks% r=k fLFkrRokr~ & (vLrhfr Hkkou;k) vo.kkZr~
ijr%vp% vHkkokr~A ;=k p i{ks ;dkjodkj;ks% yksi% u Hkofr] rfLeu~ ikf.kfui{ks gjf;g] fo".kfog bfr fLFkfr%A
gjs bg bR;=k ^^,pks;ok;ko** bfr lw=ks.k inkUrs fLFkrL; ,dkjL; v;kns'ks rs gj;~ $ bg bfr
tkrs lfr ^^yksi% 'kkdY;L;** bfr lw=ks.k viwoZdL; inkUrL; ;dkjL; fodYisu yksis rs gj bg bfr fLFkrs
^^vkn~xq.k% bfr lw=ks.k vdkj&bdkj;ks% xq.kSdkns'k% rq u Hkofr] ^yksi%'kkdY;L;* bfr lw=kL; =kSikfndRokr~
rRrL; ;~yksiL; ^vkn~xq.k%* bfr liknlIrk;k;hLFklw=ka izfr vfln~/Rokr~] vr% gj bg bfr :ie~A
;yksikHkkoi{ks rq gjf;g bfr :ia fln~/e~A ,oeso & fo".kks $ bg & fo".ko~ $ bg & fo".kbg] fo".kfogA
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
o/Zrs$,o o/Zr ,o] o/Zr;soA y{E;S$m|r%y{E;k m|r%] y{E;k;q|r%A xqjkS$vknj% xqjk
vknj% xqjkoknj%A fo/kS$mfnrs fo/k mfnrs] fo/koqfnrs bR;knhfuA
32- o`fn~/laKklw=ke~ bne~A vkr~ ,sp~ (vk ,s vkS) bfr o.kkZuka o`fn~/laKk HkofrA ,sp~ bfr izR;kgkj%A v=k
rijdj.kkr~ ^vk* bfr] ,sp~ (,svkS) bfr p ledkyL;So laKkA vr% nh?kZL; vkdkjL;] o`fn~/laKk Hkofr] u
rq LoIyqr;ks% vdkj;ks%] u p Iyqr;ks% ,sdkjkSdkj;ks% bfr iQfyre~A
33- o`fn~/jsfp & vkr~ (vo.kkZr~) ,fp ijs iwoiZ j;ks% LFkkus o`fn~/:i% (vk] ,s vkS bR;sr"s kq vU;re:i%)
,dkns'k% HkofrA vo.kkZr~ vfp ijs xq.k% Hkofr (vkn~xq.k%)A ,p~ vfi vtUrxZr% vr% ,fp ijs vfi xq.k%
vfi izkIuksfr] fdUrq o`fn~/% xq.kkiokn%A
".k$,dRoe~ bR;=k .kdkjkskjofrZu% vdkjkr~ ij% ,dkj:i% ,p~ orZr]s mHk;ks% LFkkus ^,s* bfr o`fn~/
:i% ,dkns'k% Hkofr] vr% ".kSdRoe~ bfr :ie~A ,oeso xk$vks?k% bR;=k vdkjL; vksdkjL; p LFkkus ^vkS*
bfr o`fn~/%A nso$,s'o;Ze~ bR;=k v$,s ,s vkns'ks] nso'S o;Ze~ rFkk ".k$vkSRd.B~;e~ bR;=k v$vkS vkS vkns'ks
^".kkSRd.B~;e~* bfr :ia fu"i|rsA
17
34- ,R;s/R;wB~lq 6@1@89
vo.kkZnt s k|ksjRs ;s/R;ks:fB p ijs o`fn~/jsdkns'k% L;kr~AmiSfrA miS/rsA iz"BkSg%A ,tk|ks% fde~ \ misr%A
ek Hkoku~ izsfn/r~A (v{kknwfgU;keqila[;kue~) v{kkSfg.kh lsukA (izknwgks<ks<~;s"kS";s"kq)A izkSg%] izkS<%]
izkSf<%] izS"k%] izS";%A (rs p r`rh;klekls)A lq[ksu r% lq[kkrZ%A r`rh;sfr fde~ \ ijerZ%A
(izoRlrjdEcyoluk.kZn'kkuke`.ks)A izk.kZe~] oRlrjk.kZe~ bR;kfnA
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
:iflfn~/ys[kuizdkj %
".kSdRoe~ & ".k$,dRoe~ bR;=k ô`fn~/jknSp*~ bfr lw=ks.k ^vk ,s vkS* bR;s"kka o`fn~/laKk;ka rk;ka ^ô`fn~/
jsfp** bfr lw=ks.k (.kdkjkskjofrZu% vdkjL; rr% ijL; ,dkjL; p bR;soe~ mHk;ks%) iwoiZ j;ks% LFkkus vkUrjrE;kr~
ln`'kreRokr~ ,sdkj:is o`n~ ;sdkns'ks rs ".k~ $ ,s $ dRoe~ bfr tkrs o.kZlEesyuss p rs ^".kSdRoe~* bfr
:ia fln~/e~A
".kkSRd.B~;e~ &
".k$vkSRd.B~;e~ bR;=k o`fn~/laKk;ka ^ô`fn~/jsfp** bfr lw=ks.k vdkj&vkSdkj;ks% iwoZij;ks% LFkkus
lkn`';kr~ vkSdkj:is o`n~;sdkns'ks ".k~$vkS$Rd.B~;e~ bR;oLFkk;ka o.kZla;kstus rs ^^".kkSRd.B~;e~** bfr
:ia fln~/e~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
tu$,drk tuSdrk] /u$,"k.kk /uS"k.kkA 'kkY; $ vksnu% 'kkY;kSnu%A foiz $ ,sD;e~ foizDS ;e~A
er$,sD;e~ erSD;e~A /kfeZd $ ,sfrgkflde~ /kfeZdfS rgkflde~A ro$vkSnklhU;e~ rokSnklhU;e~A vL; $
vkSRlfxZdRoe~ vL;kSRlfxZdRoe~A
34- ,fr$,/fr$B~lq bfrPNsn%A ,fr] ,/fr bfr e'k% b.k~ /krks% ,/ /krks% f'rik funsZ'k%] u rq
frUra :ie~A frUrs rq ,/rs bfr vkReusine~A B~ bfr lEizlkj.k:ie~A v=k ô`fn~/jsfp* bfr iwol Z =w kkr~ ^,fp*
bfr] ^vkn~xq.k%* lw=kkr~ ^vkr~* bfr p vuqorZrsA ,fp bfr b.ks/ks% /kRoks% fo'ks"k.ke~A vr% vo.kkZr~ ,tknkS
b.k~/krkS ijs] ,tknkS ,//krkS fB p ijs iwoZij;ks% o`fn~/jsdkns'k% Hkofr bfr lw=kkFkZ% iQfyr%A
mi$,fr] mi $ ,/rs bR;=k vo.kkZr~ ijs% e'k% ,tkfn% b./krq%] ,tkfn% ,//krq'p orZrsA v=k
^,f ij:ie~* bfr izkIra ij:ia izck; iwoiZ j;ks% vdkj&,dkj;ks% LFkkus vkUrjrE;kr~ ,sdkj:i% o`n~;sdkns'k%
HkofrA vr% miSfr] miS/rs bfr :is fl;r%A B% mnkgj.ka rq iz"BkSg% bfrA v=k fg iz"B$g% bR;=k
iwoZij;ks% vkUrjrE;kr~ vkSdkj:io`fn~/% HkofrA
v=k iz'u% & b.ks//kRoks% ,t~ (,tkfn) bfr fo'ks"k.ka fdeFkZe~ (,tk|ks% fde~) \ mkjfr&,tknkS bfr
fo'ks"k.kkHkkos] ;=k ,rkS /krw ,tknh u Lr%] r=kkfi o`fn~/% izkIuksfrA lk p o`fn~/% r=k u L;kr~] ,rnFkZa
fo'ks"k.ke~A Do ,rkS ,tknh u Lr% \ mi$br%] ek Hkoku~ iz$bfn/r~ bR;=k ,rkS ,tknh u Lr%A v=k e'k%
b.k% yfV izFkeiq#"kf}opus :ie~] .;UrL; ,/% yqf iz-iq- ,dopus :ie~A rs fo'ks"k.ks rq mDriz;ksx;ks%
,tkfnRokHkkokr~ o`fn~/% u HkofrA vr% xq.kSdkns'ks misr%] izsfn/r~ bfr :is Lr%A
okfrZde~ &
(v{kknwfgU;keqila[;kue~) & v{k'kCnkr~ ^fguh* 'kCns ijs o`fn~/% Hkofr bfr oDrO;e~A v{k$fguh
bR;oLFkk;ke~ vdkjkr~ vfp ijs ^vkn~x.q k%* bfr xq.kL; izkfIr%] l p xq.k% u L;kr~ vr% fo'ks"kopue~ ,rr~A xq.k%
fdeFkZa u L;kr~ \ lfr xq.ks dk gkfu% \ v=k oDrO;e~ & ok~e;s rkn`'ka :ia u feyfrA ;nziw a feyfr rr~ ^v{kkSfg.kh*
18
35- milxkZ% f;k;ksxs 1@4@59
izkn;% f;k;ksxs milxZlaKk% L;q%A iz ijk vi le~ vuq vo ful~ fuj~ nql~ nqj~ fo vk~ fu vf/
vfi vfr lq mr~ vfHk izfr ifj mi ,rs izkn;%A
36- Hkwokn;ks /kro% 1@3@1
f;kokfpuks Hokn;ks /krqlaKk% L;q%A
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
bfr orZrAs ,rnFkZa o`n~;FkZa fo'ks"kopu:ia okfrZda rfefr Hkko%A
okfrZde~ &
izknwgks<ks- bfrA îz* bR;Lekr~ g%] <%] mQf<% ,"k%] ,";%] bR;srs"kq 'kCns"kq ijs"kq iwoZij;ks% o`fn~/
% ,dkns'k% L;kr~ bfr oDrO;e~A iz$g%] iz$<%] iz$f<% bR;=k ^vkn~xq.k%* bfr xq.k% izkIr%] ra ckf/rqa
o`n~;Fk fo'ks"kopue~A iz$,"k%] iz$,";% bR;=k ^,fij:ie~* bfr ij:iL; izkfIr% vklhr~] rL; ck/uk; p
,rn~okfrZd:ia fo'ks"kopue~A vr% mDr LFkys"kq iwoiZ j;ks% o`n~;sdkns'ks e'k% izkgS %] izk<S %] izkfS <%] iz"S k%] iz"S ;%
bfr :ikf.k fl;fUrA
okfrZde~ &
^rs p-* bfrA r`rh;krRiq#"klekls vo.kkZr~ r bfr 'kCns ijs iwoZij;ks% o`fn~/% L;kr~A lq[ksu r% lq[kkrZ%
bR;qnkgj.ke~A ^lq[k$r%* bR;=k izkIra xq.ka ckf/rqa okfrZdesrr~A vL; vHkkos rq xq.k ,o L;kr~A v=k v;a iz'u%&r`rh;klekls
bfr fdeFkZe~ mP;rs \ dFkUu lekls bR;soe~ mP;rs\ mkje~&r`rh;k bfr dFkuL; vHkkos ;fLeu~ dfLeu~ vfi lekls vo.kkZr~ r
'kCns ijs lfr xq.ka izck; o`fn~/% ,o L;kr~] rkn`'kha fLFkfra okjf;rqa r`rh;klekls bR;qDre~A ije'pklkS r'p bfr deZ/kj;s
ije$r% bR;=kkfi vo.kkZr~ rL; ijRokr~ o`fn~/% u Hkosr~ ,rnFkZa r`rh;klekls bfr opue~A v=k p r`rh;kleklRokHkkokr~
ukL; okfrZdL; izo`fk% HkofrA vr% iwoiZ j;ks% xq.kSdkns'ks jijRos p rs îjerZ%* bfr :ia fl;frA r`rh;klekls rq
o`fn~/ %] vr% ^lq[kkrZ%* bfr :ie~A
okfrZde~ &
^îzoRlrj-** bfrA iz] oRlrj] dEcy] olu] .k] n'k bfr ,rsH;% vdkjkUrsH;% .k'kCns ijs
o`fn~/% L;kr~ bfr oDrO;e~A iz$.ke~] oRlrj$.ke~ bR;knkS ^vkn~xq.k%* bfr xq.k% izkIr%] ra izck; vusu
okfrZdus iwoiZ j;ks% LFkkus vkUrjrE;kr~ vkdkj:is o`n~;sdkns'ks jijRos p fofgrs izk.kZe~] oRlrjk.kZe~] dEcyk.kZe~]
oluk.kZe]~ .k$.ke~.kk.kZe]~ n'kk.kZe~ bfr :ikf.k fu"i|UrsA
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
iz$,frizSfrA iz$,/kpsizSkkpsA iz$,/rke~izS/rke~A fo'o$g% fo'okSg%A iz $ ,s/r
izS/r] iz $ ,f/"kh"V izSf/"kh"V bR;knhfuA
35- o`fn~/izls ^^milxkZn`fr /krkS** bR;=k] ij:iizls p ^,f ij:ie~* bR;knkS p /krks% milxZL;
p dk;Zfo"k;Rokr~] r=k d% milxZlaKd%] d p /krqlaKd% bfr laHkfo";t~ftKklk;kekg & ^^milxkZ%
f;k;ksxs** bfr & vnzO;kFkZdk% izkn;% fuikrk% f;k;ksxs f;;k vUo;s (lEcU/s) lfr milxZlaKdk%
HkofUrA ds izkn;% \ bfr ftKklk;kekg & iz ijk bR;kn;% }kfoa'kfr% izkn;%A
36- Hkwokn;ks /kro% & f;kokfpu% Hokn;% /krqlaKdk% HkofUrA Hkw p ok p bfr HkwokSA vkfn p
vkfn p bfr vknhA HkwokS vknh ;s"kka rs Hkwokn;%A v=k izFke% vkfn'kCn% izHk`frokpd% rL; p Hkw'kCnsu lEcU/
%Af}rh;'p vkfn'kCn% izdkjokpd% (lkn`';okpd%) rL; p ok 'kCnsu lg lEcU/%A vr% okln`'kk%
f;kokpdk% HkwizHk`r;% /krqlaKdk% HkofUr bfr lw=kkFkZ% iQfyr%A f;kokpdk% /krqlaKdk HkofUr] vr%
fodYikFkZdL; ok 'kCnL; i`fFkohokpdL; Hkw'kCnL; p /krqlaKk u Hkofr] vu;ks% f;kokpdRokHkkokr~A
19
37- milxkZn`fr /krkS 6@1@91
vo.kkZUrknqilxkZn~ dkjknkS /krkS ijs o`fn~/jsdkns'k% L;kr~A izkPNZfrA
38- ,f ij:ie~ 6@1@94
vknqilxkZn~ ,knkS /krkS ijs ij:iesdkns'k% L;kr~A izstrsA miks"kfrA
39- vpksUR;kfn fV 1@1@64
vpka e;s ;ksUR;% l vkfn;ZL; rfV~VlaKa L;kr~ ('kdUokfn"kq ij:ia
okP;e~) rPp Vs%A 'kdU/q%A ddZU/q%A euh"kkA vkfrx.kks;e~A ekrZ.M%A
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
37- izkfn"kq milxsZ"kq ;s vdkjkUrk% iz] vi] vo bR;kn;%A rkn`'kkr~ vo.kkZUrkr~ milxkZn~ dkjknkS /krkS
ijs iwoiZ j;ks% o`n~;sdkns'k% L;kr~ dkjknkS /krkS ijs lfr bfr lw=kkFkZ%A A r|Fkk îz$PNfr* bR;=k îz* bR;L;
f;k;ksxkr~ milxZlaKk] PNfr bR;L; f;kokpdRokr~ /krq laKk vfLrA v;p milxZ% vdkjkUr%] /krq p
;% milxkZRij% l dkjkfn% orZrsA vr% v=k iwoZij;ks% LFkkus vkdkj:is o`n~;sdkns'ks jijRos p izkPNZfr bfr
:ie~A
:iys[kuizdkj% &
iz$PNfr bR;=k ^PNfr* bR;L; f;kokpdRokr~ &Hkwokn;ks /kro%* bfr lw=ks.k /krqlaKk;ka
f;k;ksxkPp ^^milxkZ% f;k;ksxs* bfr lw=ks.k îz* bR;L; milxZlaKk;kp rk;ke~ ^^vkn~xq.k%** bfr xq.ks
izkIrs ra izck; ^^milxkZn`fr /krkS** bfr lw=ks.k iwoZij;ks% (milxZLFk&vdkjL; /krks% vknkS fLFkrL; dkjL;
p) LFkkus vkdkj:io`n~;sdkns'ks ^mj.k~ jij%* bR;usu jijRos p rs iz~$vkj~$PNfr bR;=k o.kZlEesyus p rs
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38- vo.kkZUrkr~ milxkZr~ ,knkS /krkS ijs iwoZij;ks% LFkkus ij:iesdkns'k% L;kr~A ,rkn`'ks LFkys ;|fi
^ô`fn~/jsfp** bfr lw=ks.k o`n~/s% izkfIr% Hkofr rFkkfi ,knkS /krkS rq ij:ia Hkofr] u o`fn~/fjfr fLFkfr%A
iz$,trs] mi$vks"kfr bR;=k e'k% iz] mi bR;srkS vdkjkUrkS milxkSZ Lr%] rr% ijkS e'k% ,trs]
vks"kfr bfr ,knh /krw Lr%A v=k ,fp ijs ô`fn~/jsfp* bfr o`n~/%s izkfIr% Hkofr rFkkfi vu;ks% ,kfn/krqRokr~
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bfr :ia Hkofr (u rq izStrs] mikS"kfr bfr)A
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20
40- vksekks'p 6A1A95
vksfe vkf pkRijs ij:iesdkns'k% L;kr~A f'kok;ksUue%A f'ko$,fgA
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vdkj:i%] l p ^vl~* bfr leqnk;L; vkfn%] vr% ^vl~* bfr fVlaKde~A
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vr vkg & rPp Vs% bfrA vFkkZr~ iwoZL; Vs%] ijL; p vkfnLojL;] bR;soa iwoZij;ks% LFkkus ij:iesdkns'k%
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bR;=kLFk^bZ*bR;L; p LFkkus ij:is euh"kk bfr :ie~A
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40- v=k ^vkn~xq.k%* bR;r% vkr~ bfr] ^,f ij:ie~* bR;r'p ij:ie~ bfr vuqorZrsA vr% vo.kkZr~
vksfe vkf p ijs iwoiZ j;ks% ij:iesdkns'k% L;kfnfr lw=kkFkZ%A vo.kkZr~ vksfe ijs ô`fn~/jsfp* bfr o`n~/%s izkfIr%
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o`n~;sdkns'ks izkIrs ra izck; ^^vksekks'p** bfr lw=ks.k ij:is vksdkjkns'ks rs f'kok;kse~ ue% bfr fLFkrs
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vuqLokjL; ijlo.ksZ udkjs rs f'kok;ksUue% bfr :ia fln~/e~A
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dk;ZRokr~ vUrjRokr~ izFkea xq.ks rs f'ko$,fg bR;=k o`f% izkIrk & v=k o`fa izck; ij:ia ;Fkk L;kr~ rFkk
drqZe~ miers & vUrkfnoPp & bfr
21
41- vUrkfnoPp 6A1A85
;ks;esdkns'k% l iwoZL;kUroRijL;kfnor~A f'kosfgA
42- vd% lo.ksZ nh?kZ% 6@1@101
vd% lo.ksZfp ijs iwoZij;ksnhZ?kZ ,dkns'k% L;kr~A nSR;kfj%A Jh'k%A fo".kwn;%A gksrdkj%A
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41- vUrkfnor~ pA ;% iwoZij;ks% LFkkus ,dkns'k% f;rs] l iwoZL; vUror~ Hkofr] ijL; p vkfnor~
HkofrA ;rks fg ,dkns'k% };ks% LFkkfuuks% iwoZij;ks% LFkkus Hkofr] r=k ,dkns'ks iwoZL; vfUre% Hkkx%] ijL;
p vkfnHkkx% fefyRok fr"Br%A r=k p ,dkns'ks lfr vko'dRos iwoZL; vUron~Hkkoeknk; dk; drq
'kD;rs] ijL; p vkfnon~Hkkoeknk; vfi dk; drq 'kD;e~A ;Fkk 'kdZjkpw.kZ;ks% feJ.ksu fufeZrs eksnds
'kdZjkRoHkko% pw.kZRoHkko'p Hkor% rFkSo v=kkfi cks;e~A izrizls f'ko$,fg bR;=k ^,* bfr ,dkns'k%
^vk$b* bfr };ks% LFkkus tkr%A r=k p ,dkns'ks iwoZHkkx% ^vk* bfr ijHkkx'p ^b* bfrA lfr vko';dRos
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vk~Roe~ vkusrO;e~A rFkk lfr f'kok; bfr vdkjkr~ ij% vk~ miyH;rs] vr% ^vksekks'p* bfr lw=ks.k
ij:is rs ^f'kosfg* bfr :ie~A bRFke~ vUron~Hkkosu o`n~/s% ck/% ltkr%A
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lw=ks.k iwoZij;ks% o`n~;sdkns'ks izkIrs] rka p o`fn~/a izck; ^^vUrkfnoPp** bfr lw=ks.k ,fg bR;=k ,dkj:iSdkns'ks
iwokZUron~Hkkosu vk~Roeknk; ^vksekks'p** bfr lw=ks.k ij:is rs ^f'kosfg* bfr :ia fln~/e~A
42- vd~ bfr izR;kgkj%A v b m y` bfr r=k o.kkZ%A ,H;% o.ksHZ ;% lo.ks"Z kq Lojs"kq vFkkZr~ v b m y` bR;sr"s kq
,o ijs"kq iwoiZ j;ks% LFkkus lo.kZnh?kZ ,dkns'k% HkofrA vdkjkr~ vdkjs ijs] bdkjkr~ bdkjs] mdkjkr~ mdkjs] dkjkr~
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lko.;kZr~ dkjkr~ y`dkjs ijsfi lo.kZnh?kZ% dkj% Hkofr] nh?kZy`dkjLrq u] rL; nh?kZRokHkkokr~A
nSR; $ vfj%] Jh $ bZ'k%] fo".kq $ mn;% bR;=k vdkj&bZdkj&mdkjsH;% vxzs rkRlof.kZu% ,o Lojk%
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dkjkRij% lo.khZ y`dkj% fo|rs] y`dkjLrq nh?kksZ HkoR;so ufg] vr% lo.kZnh?kZRosu dkj ,o Hkofr
gksrdkj% bfrA
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,dkns'ks rs ^nSR;kfj%* bfr :ia fln~/e~A
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johUnz%] Hkkuq$mn;% Hkkuwn;%] fir`$dkj% firdkj% bR;knhfuA
22
43- ,% inkUrknfr 6@1@109
inkUrknsksfr ijs iwoZ:iesdkns'k% L;kr~A gjsoA fo".kksoA
44- loZ=k foHkk"kk xks% 6@1@112
yksds osns pSUrL; xksjfr ok izfrHkko% inkUrsA xks vxze~] xksxze~ ,UrL; fde~ \ fp=kXoxze~A
inkUrs fde~ \ xks%A
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43- ,% inkUrkr~ vfr bfrPNsn%A ^vfr* bfr rrijL; vdkjL; lIrE;sdopue~A rijRokr~
ledkyL;So xzg.kkr~ vr~ bR;L; Lo% vdkj% bR;FkZ%A inkUrkr~ ,% vFkkZr~ inkUrs fLFkrkr~ ,% (,vks)
Los vdkjs ijs iwoZ:iesdkns'k% Hkofr] u rq v;kns'k% vokns'k pA
gjs$vo] fo".kks$vo bR;=k ^gjs* ^fo".kks* bfr lEcks/ukUrin};e~ ,UrefLr] vLekPp inkUrkns%
vo bfr Lo% vdkj% ij% fo|rsA v=k izkIre~ ^,pks;ok;ko%* bfr lw=ka izck; iwoZij;ks% iwoZ:iesdkns'k%
vusu fo/h;rs] vr% gjso] fo".kkso bfr fLFkfr%A
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vFkkZr~ u fdefi lfU/dk;Za fodkj:ia HkofrA ;Fkk izfr% rFkSo fr"Bfr bR;FkZ%A vFkkZr~ ^,% inkUrknfr*
bR;L; viokn:ie~ bne~A loZ=k vFkkZr~ ykSfdds laLrs oSfnds pA
mnkgj.kfo'ys"k.ke~ %&
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xks vxze~ bfr :ie~A ;=k i{ks izfrHkko% u fofgr% r=k iwoZ:iesdkns'k% vr% ^xksxze~* bfr f}rh;a :ie~A
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mdkjkUrRoa izkIuksfr xks'kCn%A ^,UrL;* bfr fo'ks"k.kkHkkos rq fp=kxq$vxze~ bR;=kkfi izfrHkkoL;
izkfIr% laHkok] xks'kCnRokr~A lk p u Hkosr~ ,rnFkZe~ ^,UrL;* bfr fo'ks"k.ka re~A lfr fo'ks"k.ks rq fp=kxq%
bR;L; ,UrRokHkkokr~ izfrHkkoL; izkfIrjso u HkofrA vr% ;f.k tkrs fp=kXoxze~ bfr :ia fu"iUua HkofrA
vij% iz'u% &
inkUrs bfr fde~ \ vFkkZr~ inkUrs ,UrL; xks'kCnL; bfr fdeFkZeqP;rs \ mkje~ & înkUrs* bfr
;fn u dF;sr rfgZ vinkUrsfi ,UrL; xks'kCnL; vfr ijs izfrHkkokifk% L;kr~A ;Fkk&xks'kCnL;
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iwoZ:ieso izck; izfrHkko% Hkosr~A înkUrs* bfr dfFkrs rq vL; vinkUrRokr~ ukL; lw=kL;k=k izo`fk%] vr%
iwoZ:is xks% bfr fu"iUue~A
23
45- vusdkfY'kRloZL; 1@1@55
bfr izkIrsA
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fnusdkyI;UR;L;So L;kr~A
47- vo~ LiQksVk;uL; 6@1@123
inkUrs ,UrL; xksjo~ okfpA xokxze~] xksxze~A inkUrs fde~\ xfoA
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inkUrknfr** bfr lw=ks.k iwoZ:is izkIrs] rnfi izck; ^^loZ=k foHkk"kk xks%** bfr lw=ks.k fodYisu izfrHkkos rs
xks vxze~ bfr :ie~A izfrHkkokHkkoi{ks rq iwoZ:iSdkns'ks ^xksxze~* bfr :ia fu"iUue~A
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voksns'k% fo/kL;rsA l p vokns'k% fda lEiw.kZL; xks'kCnL; L;kr~ ^vUR;L; ok \ bfr iz'ua lek/krqa
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fodYisu vokns'k% HkofrA ^vo~* bR;=k ^vo* bfr vdkjkUre~ vof'k";rs] dkj p br~laKd%A vr%
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24
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xksjo~ L;kfnUnzsA xosUnz%A
49- nwjkn~/wrs p 8@2@84
nwjkr~ lEcks/us okD;L; Vs% Iyqrks okA
50- Iyqrizx`k vfp fuR;e~A 6@1@125
,rsfp izR;k L;q%A vkxPN ".k3 v=k xkS'pjfrA
51- bZnwnsn~f}opua izxè~ 1@1@11
bZnwnsnUra f}opua izxa L;kr~A gjh ,rkSA fo".kw bekSA xs vewA
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
48- bUnzs 'kCns ijs inkUrs xks'kCnL; vo~vkns'k% HkofrA ^vo~ LiQksVk;uL;** bfr fodYiL; fuo`;FkZa
iqu% ^bUnzs p* bfr lw=kL; vkjEHk%A
xks$bUnz% bR;=k ^,pks;ok;ko%* bR;L; izkfIr% vklhr~] re~ v;kns'ka izck; ^^vo~LiQksVk;uL;**
bfr fodYisu ^vo~* vkns'ks izkIrs refi izck; ^^bUnzs p** bfr lw=ks.k fuR; vo~vkns'ks x~$vo$bUnz%
bR;oLFkk;ka ^^vkn~xq.k%** bfr xq.kSdkns'ks xosUnz% bfr fln~/e~A
49- nwjkn~/wrs p & nwjkr~ gwrs p bfrPNsn%A nwjkr~ gwrs lEcks/us ;n~ okD;a rL; Vs% fodYisu IyqrRoa
HkofrA rL; fda iQye~ \ bfr psr~ & ^Îyqrizx`k-** bfr o{;rsA
50- Îyqrizx`k-* bfrA Iyqrk% p izx`k%p Iyqrizx`k%A rs vfp (Lojs) ijs izR;k LoHkkor% ;Fkk
lfUr rFkSo fr"BfUr vFkkZr~ r=k lU;kfndk;Za fodkjkReda u HkofrA IyqrlaKk] izx`laKk p ;s"kka Hkofr] rs
Iyqrk% izx`k'pA
^vkxPN ".k v=k xkS'pjfr* bfr okD;s ^vkxPN ".k* bfr lEcks/uokD;L; Vs% .kdkjkskjofrZu
vdkjL; IyqrlaKk ^nwjkn~/wrs p* bfr lw=ks.k tkrk] rr% ij% v=k bfr 'kCnL; vp~ vdkj% fLFkr%] ^".k $
v=k* bR;=k lo.kZnh?kZL; izkfIr%] fdUrq Îyqrizx`k vfp fuR;e~* bR;usu izfrHkkodj.kkr~ u lo.kZnh?kZ%A
:iys[kuizdkj% &
^vkxPN ".k v=k xkS'pjfr* bR;=k lEcks/us ^vkxPN ".k* bfr okD;s ^^nwjkn~/wrs p** bfr lw=ks.k
okD;L; Vs% (.kdkjkskjL; vdkjL;) IyqrlaKk;ka rk;ka ".k $ v=k bR;=k ^^vd% lo.ksZ nh?kZ%** bfr
lo.kZnh?kSZdkns'ks izkIrs ra izck; ^Îyqrizx`k vfp fuR;e~** bfr lw=ks.k IyqrlaKdL; izfrHkkos rs ^vkxPN
".k v=k* bfr fln~/e~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
vkxPN izHkks vLeku~ ikfgA 'k`.kq jke vkJea xPNke bR;knhfuA
51- bZnUre~ (bZdkjkUre~) nUre~ (dkjkUre~) ,nUre~ (,dkjkUre~) ;n~ f}opua Hkofr] rL; izx`laKk
L;kr~A f}opkuUre~ ,o v=k f}opua Ks;e~A
gjh$,rkS] fo".kw$bekS] xs$vew bR;kfn"kq gjh bfr bZdkjkUra f}opukUra ine~] fo".kw bfr dkjkUra
ine~] xs bfr ,dkjkUra f}opukUra ine~A ,"kke~ izx`laKk HkofrA rL;k% iQya rq &^Îyqrizx`k vfp fuR;e~**
25
52- vnlks ekr~ 1@1@12
vLekRijkohnwrkS izx`kS Lr%A veh bZ'kk%A jke".kkoew vklkrsA ekr~ fde~ \ veqds=kA
53- pkn;kslos 1@4@57
vnzO;kFkkZ pkn;ks fuikrk% L;q%A
54- izkn;% 124@58]
,rsfi rFkkA
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
bfr izfrHkko%A rsu gjh$,rkS fo".kw$bekS bR;=k ;.k~ u Hkofr] xs vew bR;=k v;kns'k'p u HkofrA (^gjh*
bR;knkS f}opukUrL; f}opuRoe~ ^vUrkfnoPp* lw=ks.k ijkfnon~Hkkokr~ cks;e~)
:iys[kuizdkj% &
gjh$,rkS bR;=k ^^bdks ;.kfp** bfr lw=ks.k bZdkjL; ;.k~ izkIr%] fdUrq ^^bZnwnsn~f}opua izxè~ ^^bfr
lw=ks.k ^gjh* bfr bZdkjkUrf}opuL; (f}opukUrL;) izx`laKk;ka rk;ka ^Îyqrizx`k vfp fuR;e~** bfr
lw=ks.k izfrHkkos rs (vr% LojlfU/% ;.k~ u) gjh ,rkS bfr iz;ksx% lk/q%A xs vew bR;=k v;kns'k% izkIr%
izx`Rokr~ izfrHkkos l u HkofrA
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
p{kq"kh ,rs] xq: vkxPNr%] us=ks bes] izfr"Bsrs ,rkS bR;knhfuA
52- vnl~'kCnlEcU/h ;% edkj%] rLekr~ ijkS bZnwrkS (bZdkj & dkjkS) izx`laKdkS Hkor%A v=k bZr~] r~
bfr iwoZlw=kkr~ vuqorsZrs] ,r~ bfr rq u vuqorZrsA
veh bfr vnl% iqfYys izFkekcgqopus] vew bfr f}opus :ie~A v=k edkjkr~ ij% bZdkj%] dkj p
izx
` laKd%A rr p izfrHkko% HkofrA vr% veh$bZ'kk% bR;=k lo.kZnh?kSd
Z kns'k%] vew$vklkrs bR;=k ;.k~ p u HkofrA
iz'u% & ekr~ bfr xzg.ka fdeFkZe~ \ mkje~ & ^veqds =k* bfrA ;fn êkr~* bfr xzg.ka u f;sr rnk rq iwol Z =w kkr~
,dkjL;kfi vuqo`fr% Hkosr~] rr'p veqds$v=k bR;=k ddkjkr~ ijL; vnl~'kCnlEcfU/u% ,dkjL;kfi
izx`laKk L;kr~] rsu iwoZ:ia u Hkosr~A rs rq ekn~xzg.ks rr% ijL; ,dkjL; vlaHkokr~ vuqo`fk% u HkofrA
:iys[kuizdkj% &
veh$bZ'kk% bR;=k ^^vd% lo.ksZ nh?kZ%** bR;usu lo.kZnh?kSZdkns'ks izkIrs ra izck; ^^vnlks ekr~**
bR;usu lw=ks.k vnLlEcfU/edkjkRijL; bZdkjL; izx`laKk;ka rk;ka ^Îyqrizx`k vfp fuR;e~** bfr lw=ks.k
izfrHkkos rs veh bZ'kk% bfr :ia fu"iUue~A ,oeso ^vew vklkrs* bR;=k dkjL; izx`laKdRokr~
izfrHkko%A vr% r=k vfp ijsfi ;.k~ u HkofrA
53- pkn;% vlos bfrPNsn%A u loe~ vloe~A loa nzO;e~ (;=k fyL; la[;k;k% dkjdL; p
izrhfr% Hkosr~ rn~ nzO;e~) vloe~ vnzO;e~ rfLeu~ vlosA vFkkZr~ vnzO;kFksZ fo|ekuk% p] ok bR;kn;%
fuikrlaKdk% HkofUrA nzO;e~ vFkZ% ;s"kka u Hkofr] rs vnzO;kFkkZ% bfr Hkko%A
54- vnzO;kFkkZ% izkn; vfi fuikrlaKdk% HkofUrA izkn;% }kfoa'kfrla[;kdk% ^^milxkZ% f;k;ksxs** bfr
lw=ks mfYyf[krk%A vr% r=k nz"VO;k%A
26
55- fuikr ,dktuk~ 1@1@14
,dkst~ fuikr vk~otZ% izx% L;kr~A b bUnz%A m mes'k%A ôkD;Lej.k;ksjfr~* A vk ,oa uq eU;lsA
vk ,oa fdy rr~ A vU;=k fr~] vk bZ"kn~ m".ke~ vks".ke~A
56- vksr~ 1@1@15
vksnUrks fuikr% izx`% L;kr~A vgks bZ'kk%A
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
55- ,d'pklkS vp~ bfr ,dkp~ bfr deZ/kj;%] u rq ,d% vp~ vfLeu~ bfr cgqozhfg%A u vk~ bfr
vuk~ vk~fHkUu%A vk~fHkUu ,dkt~ fuikr% izx`laKd% HkofrA vk~otZ% vk~fHkUu% vka otZf;Rok
bR;FkZ%A vk~ bfr fuikrL; izx`laKk u Hkofr bfr iQfyrkFkZ%A
^b* bfr foLe;kFkZd% ,dkt~ fuikr%A ^m* bfr fordsZ vFksZ fo|eku ,dkt~ fuikr%A ,rkS vk~fHkUukS
Lr%A vr% vu;ks% izx`laKk HkofrA izx`Rokr~ izfrHkko% Hkofr] vr% ^b bUnz%* ^m mes'k%* bR;=k
lo.kZnh?kZSdkns'k% u HkofrA
:iys[kuizdkj% &
^b bUnz%* bR;=k ^vd% lo.ksZ nh?kZ%* bfr lw=ks.k lo.kZnh?ksZ ,dkns'ks izkIrs ^b* bR;L; fuikrL;
,dkPRokr~ vk~fHkUuRokr~ p ^^fuikr ,dktuk~** bfr lw=ks.k izx`laKk;ka rk;ka ^Îyqrizx`k vfp fuR;e~**
bfr lw=ks.k izfrHkkos b bUnz% bfr fln~/e~A ,oeso ^m mes'k%* bR;fi Ks;e~A
fo'ks"k% &
vk~] vk p bfr }kS fHkUukS fuikrkS Lr%A mHk;=kkfi ^vk* bR;so f'k";rsA r=k vk% izx`laKk u Hkofr]
dkjjfgrL; (vfr%) rq HkofrA r=k iz;ksx"s kq dq=k ^vk~* bR;L; dkjkuqcU/dL; vk Hkofr] dq=k p 'kqn~/
L; ^vk* bfr fuikrL; vk bfr] lUnsg% Hkofr] ra lUnsga fujkdrqZe~ mP;rs & ôkD;Lej.k;ksjfr~* bfr
Hkk";opue~A vFkkZr~ okD;s Lej.ks p fn~fHkUu% HkofrA vr% rL; rq izx`laKk Hkofr] izfrHkko pkfi HkofrA
vU;s"kq vFksZ"kq ;Fkk & bZ"knFksZ] f;k;ksxs] e;kZnkFksZ vfHkfo/kS p iz;qDr% ^vk* rq fnsoA vr% rL; izx`laKk
u Hkofr rr% izfrHkko% vfi uA ;Fkk vk m".ke~ vks".ke~ bR;=k izx`RoL; izfrHkkoL; p vHkkokr~ xq.k%
HkofrA v=k ^vk* bfr bZ"knFksZ fnfLrA ^^vk ,oa uq eU;ls** ^^vk ,oa fdy rr~** bR;=k e'k% okD;s Lej.ks
p iz;qDr% ^vk* bfr fuikr% vfnfLrA vr% izx`Rokr~ izfrHkkos lfr vk $ ,oe~ bR;=k o`fn~/% u Hkofr
bfr foosd%A
56- vksdkjkUr% fuikr% izx`laKd% HkofrA vgks] vFkks bR;knhuke~ fuikrkuke~ vusdkPRokr~ iwosZ.k vizkIrk
izx`laKk vusu f;rsA
^vgks* bfr vksdkjkUr% fuikr%A vL; p izx`laKk Hkofr] rLekr~ izfrHkko%A vr% vgks bZ'kk% bR;=k
vokns'k% u HkofrA ;fn izx`laKk u vHkfo";r~ rnk rq vokns'k% ,okHkfo";r~A
:iys[kuizdkj% &
vgks $ bZ'kk% bR;=k ^^,pks;ok;ko%** bfr lw=ks.k vfp ijs vksdkjL; vokns'k% izkIr% fdUrq ^vgks*
bR;L; vksdkjkUr & fuikrRokr~ ^^vksr~** bfr lw=ks.k izx`laKk;ka rk;ka ^Îyqrizx`k vfp fuR;e~** bfr lw=ks.k
izfrHkkos rs vgks$bZ'kk% bfr :ia fu"iUue~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
vFkks$vfi vFkks vfi bfrA v=k vFkks bfr eykFkZd% vksnUr% fuikr%A feFkks$,rkS feFkks ,rkS
bfrA v=k feFkks bfr lgkFksZ vksnUr% fuikr%A
27
57- lEcqn~/kS 'kkdY;L;srkouk"ksZ 1@1@16
lEcqfn~/fufekd vksdkjks ok izx`ksoSfnds brkS ijsA fo".kks bfr] fo".k bfr] fo".kfofrA
58- e; mkks oks ok 8@3@33
e;% ijL; mkks oks ok vfpA fdEoqDre~] fdeq mDre~A
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
v=kko/s;e~ &
vFkks vFk bfr }kS fHkUukS fuikrkS lekukFkZdkS Lr%A feFkks feFkl~ ,rkS vfi rFkSo lekFkZdkS }kS fuikrkS Lr%A
57- lEcqn~/kS 'kkdY;L; $ brkS $ vuk"ksZ bfrPNsn%A f"k'kCn% osnkFkZd% vfiA f"klEcU/h vk"kZ%
vFkkZr~ oSfnd%A osnlEcU/h bR;FkZ%A u vk"kZ% vuk"kZ% vFkkZr~ voSfnd%A ; osnlEcU/h u Hkofr l bfr Hkko%A
^brkS* bfr'kCnL; lIrE;sdopus :ie~A ijlIreh b;e~A lEcqfn~/% lEcks/us izFkeSdopue~A lEcqfn~/%
fufekeL;] lEcqfn~/fufekd%A rkn`'k% ; vksdkj% l fodYisu izx`laKd% Hkofr] voSfnds bfr'kCns ijsA
^fo".kks bfr* bR;=k ^fo".kks* bfr lEcks/us ,dopuL; :ie~A v=k lEcqfn~/fufekd% vksdkj%
.kdkjkskjorhZ vfLr] rL; vksdkjL; izx`laKk Hkofr] ;rks fg rr% ij% bfr'kCn% fo|rsA u pk;e~ bfr'kCn%
osnlEcU/hA bRFka 'kkdY;ers izx`Rokr~ izfrHkkos ^fo".kks bfr* ,rr~ izFkea :ie~A ikf.kfuers rq vokns'ks%
fo".ko~$bfr bR;oLFkk;ka ^^yksi% 'kkdY;L;** bfr oSdfYids oyksis ^fo".k bfr* bfr f}rh;a :ie~A oL;
yksikHkkos rq fo".kfofr bfr :ia r`rh;e~A
:iys[kuizdkj% &
fo".kks bfr] fo".k bfr] fo".kfofr & fo".kks $ bfr bR;=k ^,pks;ok;ko%* bfr lw=ks.k vokns'ks izkIrs
^^lqEcqn/~ kS 'kkdY;L;srkouk"ks*Z * bfr lw=ks.k .kdkjkskjofrZu vksdkjL; lEcqfn~/fufekdRokr~ fodYisu izx
` laKk;ka
rk;ka] ^Îyqrizx`k vfp fuR;e~** bfr lw=ks.k izfrHkkos fo".kks bfr izFkea :ie~A izx`RokHkkoi{ks vokns'ks
fo".ko~$bfr bR;oLFkk;ka ^^yksi% 'kkdY;L;** bfr lw=ks.k fodYisu odkjL; yksis fo".k bfr bfr f}rh;a :ie~A
(v=k xq.kLrq u] oyksiL; =kSikfndRokr~ xq.kfo/k;da izfr vfln~/Rokr~)A oyksikHkkoi{ks rq fo".kfofr bfr
r`rh;a :ia fln~/e~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
Hkkuks bfr] Hkku bfr] HkkufofrA 'kEHkks bfr] 'kEHk bfr] 'kEHkfofrA xqjks bfr] xqj bfr] xqjfofrA euks
bfr] eu bfr] eufofr bR;knhfuA
58- e;~ bfr izR;kgkj%] r=k e .k u HkQ Hk ?k < / t c x M n [k iQ N B Fk p V r d i bfr

o.kkZ%A e;% ijL; mk~ (m) bfr ,dkp% fuikrL; fodYisu o~ bR;kns'k% Hkofr vfp ijs lfrA ^fuikr
,dktuk~* bfr izx`Rokr~ izfrHkkos izkIrs] ;.k% vizkIrkS bna opue~A
:iys[kuizdkj% &
fde~ m mDre~ bR;=k ^^bdks ;.kfp** bR;usu mdkjL; ;f.k izkIrs rRizck; ^^fuikr ,dktuk~**
bfr lw=ks.k ^m* bfr fuikrL; izx`laKk;ka Îyqrizx`k vfp fuR;e~* bfr lw=ks.k izfrHkkos p izkIrs ^ê; mkks
oks ok** bR;usu lw=ks.k ^m* bR;L; fodYisu ô~* vkns'ks fde~oqDre~ bfr :ie~A okns'kkHkkos izfrHkkos fdeq
mDre~ bfr :ia f}rh;e~A
28
59- bdkslo.ksZ 'kkdY;L; Lo'p 6@1@127
inkUrk bdks Lok ok L;qjlo.ksZfpA Lofof/lkeF;kZUu LojlfU/%A pf v=k] pDz;=kA inkUrk bfr
fde~ \ xkS;kSZA
60- vpks jgkH;ka }s 8@4@46
vp ijkH;ka jsiQgdkjkH;ka ijL; ;jks }s ok Lr%A xkS;kSZA (u lekls)A okI;'o%A
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
59 inkUrk% b m y` bfr o.kkZ% (bd%) vlo.ksZ vfp ijs 'kkdY;L; ers fodYius Lok% HkofUrA ,rs
o.kkZ% lo.kkZu~ xzkg;fUr] vfo/h;ekuRokr~A
^ph$v=k* bR;=k ^ph* bfr ine~A v=k inkUr% o.kZ% ^bZ* fo|rs] l p bxUrxZr%A rLekPp
bZdkjkRij% ^v=k* bR;L; ?kVd% vdkj%] l p vdkj% bZdkjL; vlo.kZ% vp~ orZrsA vr% v=k inkUrkr~ bd%
ij% vlo.kZ% vp~ fo|rs bfr Rok bZdkjL; LoRoa Hkofr pf$v=k bfr tkre~A rs Los ;.k~ rq u Hkofr]
Lofof/leF;kZr~A rs ;f.k rq LoRodj.keso O;FkZa L;kr~ bfr Hkko%A ikf.kfuers rq LoRoa u Hkofr] r=k
i{ks ;.kso L;kr~ vr% pDz;=k bfr f}rh;a :ia HkofrA
:iys[kuizdkj% &
ph$v=k bR;=k ^^bdks ;.kfp** bfr lw=ks.k bZdkjL; LFkkus ;.Rosu ;dkjs izkIrs ^^bdkslo.ksZ
'kkdY;L; Lo'p** bfr lw=ks.k fodYisu inkUrL; bZdkjL; LoRos rs pf v=k bfr izFkea :ie~A
LoRokHkkoi{ks ;f.k rs ^pDz;=k* bfr f}rh;a :ia fln~/e~A rs Los LoRofof/ lkeF;kZr~ ;.k~ u Hkofr]
rFkk lfr LoRoL; oS;F;kZiks%A
iz'u% &
v=k inkUrk% bd% bfr fdeFkZeqDre~ \ bfr iz'us & xkS;kSZ bfr mkje~A vFkkZr~ ;fn inkUrk% bfr
fo'ks"k.ka uksP;sr rfgZ vinkUrL;kfi bd% LoRokifk% vkirsr~A rFkk lfr xkSjh $ vkS bR;=k vinkUrL; bZdkjL;
LoRos lfr rn~fof/lkeF;kZr~ ;.kso u L;kr~ rr p xkS;kSZ bfr :ia u fln~;sr~ bfr Hkko%A
vU;kfu mnkg.kkfu &
n.Mh $ vkg nf.M vkg] n.M~;kgA Kkuh $ vkxr% Kkfu vkxr%] KkU;kxr%A cyh $ {k%
cfy {k%] cY;`{k%A rstLoh $ vkxPNfr rstfLo vkxPNfr] rstLO;kxPNfrA /uh $ ,sPNr~ /fu
$ ,sPNr~] /U;SPNr~ bR;knhfuA
60- v=k ^;j~* bfr ôk* bfr p in};a ^^;jksuqukfldsuqukfldks ok** bfr lw=kkr~ vuqorZrsA vp%
bfr ipE;sdopua] ^jgkH;ke~* bfr ipehf}opukUre~A vr% vp% ijkS ;kS jsiQgdkjkS Lr%] rkH;ka
jsiQgdkjkH;ka (jsiQkr~ gdkjkr~ bfr izR;sdLekr~) ij% ;j~ ( ; o j y k e .k u HkQ Hk ?k < / t c x M n [k
iQ N B Fk p V r d i 'k "k l bR;srs o.kkZ% vFkkZr~ gdkja ifjR;T; losZ O;tuo.kkZ%) f}Roa izkIuksfr fodYisuA
xkSjh$vkS bR;=k ^^bdks ;.kfp** bfr lw=ks.k bZdkjL; ;.Rosu ;dkjs rs xkSj~ $ ;~ $ vkS bR;oLFkk;ke~
xdkjkskjofrZu vkSdkjkr~ ij% jsiQ%] rLekPp jsiQkr~ ij% ;j~ ;dkj% vfLr] rL; fodYisu f}Roa Hkofr vr%
xkSj~ ;~ ;~ vkS ^xkS;kZS* bfr :ie~A ;=k f}Roa u Hkofr] rfLeu~ i{ks ,d;dkj:ia xkS;kSZ bfr :ie~A
:iys[kuizdkj% &
xkS;kSZ] xkS;kSZ & xkSjh $ vkS bR;=k ^^bdks ;.kfp** bfr lw=ks.k bZdkjL;LFkkus ;.Rosu ;dkjs rs xkSj~;~
vkS bR;oLFkk;ke~ ^^vpks jgkH;ka }s** bfr lw=ks.k vp% ijLekr~ jsiQkr~ ijL; ;dkjL; (;j%) fodYisu f}Ros
29
61- R;d% 6@1@128
fr ijs inkUrk vd% izkXon~ okA cz f"k%] czf"kZ%A inkUrk% fde~\ vkPNZr~A
bR;PlfU/%
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
xkSj~ ;~ ;~ vkS o.kZlEesyus xkS;kZS bfr izFkea :ie~A f}RokHkkos xkS;kSZ bfr f}rh;a :ia fu"iUue~A
okfrZde~ &
(u lekls) ^^bdkslo.ksZ 'kkdY;L; Lo p** bfr lw=ks.k inkUrL; bd% ;r~ LoRoa Hkofr] rr~
lekls fLFkrL; bd% u HkofrA ;Fkk okI;'o% bfr :ie~A okI;ke~ v'o% okI;'o% bfr lIrehrRiq#"k%A v=k
lekls bZdkjkUra ôkih* bfr ina Loa u Hkofr] vr% ;f.k lfr ,deso :ie~A leklsfi lfr Los rq :i};a
L;kr~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
f}RoL; & 'kEekZ] 'kekZA dkkZ] drkZ bR;knhfuA(u lekls) bR;L; rq & lwP;xze~] HkokU;kRet%]
ookxre~ bR;knhfuA
61- fr $ vd% bfrPNsn%A inkUrk% vd% fr (Los dkjs) ijs fodYisu Lok% HkofUrA v=k
vd% bfr vfo/h;ekuRokr~ lo.kkZu~ xzkg;fUr bfr Ks;e~ vU;Fkk rq o.kZlekEuk;s nh?kkZ.kke~ vHkkokr~
LoRofo/kueso O;FkZa L;kr~A
czk $ f"k% bR;=k ^czk* bR;=k inkUr% ^vk* bfr vd~ vfLrA vLekPp ij% ^f"k* bR;L;
dkj%A rfLeu~ dkjs (Lo&dkjs) ijs inkUrL; vd% vkdkjL; fodYisu LoRoa fo/h;rsA ;=k
Lofof/% tkr%] rRi{ks LojlfU/% (xq.k%) u HkofrA
:iys[kuizdkj% &
czk $ f"k% bR;=k ^^vkn~xq.k%** bfr lw=ks.k iwoZij;ks% xq.kSdkns'ks izkIrs ^^R;d%** bfr lw=ks.k
inkUrL; vkdkjL; fodYisu LoRos cz f"k% bfr :ie~A lfr p Los r=k u xq.k%] Lofof/lkeF;kZr~A
LoRokHkkoi{ks czk$f"k% bR;=k vkUrjrE;kr~ vdkj:is xq.kSdkns'ks ^^mj.k~ jij%** bfr lw=ks.k jijRos p rs
czg~e~ $ vj~ $ f"k% bR;oLFkk;ka o.kZlEesyus tyrqfEcdkU;k;su jsiQL; oZxeus ^^czf"kZ%** bfr f}rh;a :ie~A
iz'u %&
v=k inkUrk% vd% bfr fdeFkZe~ mDre~ \ mkje~ & ;fn inkUrk% bfr uksP;rs rfgZ vtkns% /krks% fo/h;ekuL;
vkMkxeL; vfi ^vk $ PNr~* bR;=k LoRoa L;kfnfr Hkko%A rFkk lfr ^vkPNZr~* bfr :ia u L;kr~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
iw"kk$PNfr %& iw"k PNfr] iw"kPNZfr bR;knhfuA
bfr vp~lfU/% lekIr%A
30
vH;klkFk iz'uk%
oLrqfu"Biz'uk% &
- bd% LFkkus ;.k~ Hkofr %
(d) vf.k ijs ([k) vfp ijs
(x) vfy ijs (?k) gfy ijs ( )
- "k"BhfufnZ"V% vkns'k% ---------------vy%LFkkus Hkofr &
(d) vkns% ([k) e;LFkL;
(x) vUR;L; (?k) loZL; ( )
- di;s (dis $ ,) bfr mnkgj.ke~ vfLr &
(d) ;.k~lU/s% ([k) lo.kZnh?kZlU/s%
(x) v;kfnlU/s% (?k) iwoZ:ilU/s% ( )
- xkS?k% bR;=k lfU/jfLr &
(d) xq.k% ([k) o`fn~/%
(x) ij:ie~ (?k) v;kfn% ( )
- mins'ks --------------------- vp% bRlaKk Hkofr &
(d) vUR;L; ([k) vuqukfldL;
(x) vkns% (?k) vuuqukfldL; ( )
- ^vk ,s vkS* bfr o.kkZuka laKk Hkofr &
(d) xq.k% ([k) o`f%
(x) "elaKk (?k) fV ( )
- izkn;% milxZlaKdk% HkofUr &
(d) /krq;ksxs ([k) f;k;ksxs
(x) izR;;;ksxs (?k) in;ksxs ( )
- vlos pkn;% HkofUr &
(d) fuikrlaKdk% ([k) xfrlaKdk%
(x) milxZlaKdk% (?k) deZizopuh;laKdk% ( )
y?kwkjkRedk% iz'uk% &

- ^bdks ;.kfp* bfr lw=kkFkZa fofy[; mnkgj.kkfu ys[;kfuA
- ^rijLrRdkyL;* bfr lw=kkFkZa Li"V;rA
- o`fn~/laKkfo/k;da lw=ka fofy[; ô`fn~/jsfp* bfr lw=ka lksnkgj.ka o.kZ;rA
- ij:ilfU/% dq=k Hkofr \ bfr fofy[; îzstrs* bfr :ia lk/;rA
- fd;Ur% milxkZ% \ rs"kka ukekfu fy[krA
- lo.kZnh?kSZdkns'k% dL;ke~ voLFkk;ka lEHkofrA
- eofj%] ".kfn~/Z%] iz"BkSg%] fo".kkso] b bUnz%] pf v=k] czf"kZ% ,"kq pRokj% iz;ksxk%
lk;k%A
31
vFk gy~lfU/%
62- Lrks% 'pquk 'pq% 8@4@40
ldkjroxZ;ks% 'kdkjpoxkZH;ka ;ksxs 'kdkjpoxkSZ Lr%A jke''ksrsA jkef'puksfrA lfPpr~A 'kkfZt;%A
63- 'kkr~ 8@4@44
'kkr~ ijL; roxZL; pqRoa u L;kr~A fo'u%A iz'u%A
64- "Vquk "Vq% 8@4@41
Lrks% "Vquk "Vq% L;kr~A jke""k"B%A jke"VhdrsA is"VkA rV~VhdkA pf.<kSdlsA
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
62- l~ p rq'p Lrq%] rL; Lrks%A 'k~ p pq'p 'pq%] rsu 'pqukA 'pq%A vFkkZr~ ldkjroxZ;ks% 'kdkjs.k
poxsZ.k p ;ksxs lfr lL; LFkkus 'kdkj%] roxZL; p ;Fkkl~[;a poxZ% HkofrA
jkel~ $ 'ksrs bR;=k lL; 'kdkjs.k ;ksx% vfLr] vr% lL; LFkkus ^'k* vkns'k% tkr%A vr% jke''ksrs
bfr :ie~A ,oeso jkel~ $ fpuksfr v=k lL; poxZ;ksx%A lr~ $ fpr~ bR;=k roxZL; poxZ;ksx%A 'kkfZu~ $
t; bR;=kkfi poxZ;ksx%A vr% lL; 'kdkj%] roxZL; p poxkZns'k% HkofrA
:iys[kuizdkj% &
jkel~ $ 'ksrs bR;=k ^^Lrks% 'pquk 'pq%** bfr lw=ks.k 'kdkj;ksxs lL; 'kdkjkns'ks rs jke''ksrs bfr
fln~/e~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
gfjl~ 'ksrs gfj''ksrsA dl~ $ fpr~ df'pr~A lr~ $ pfj=ke~ lPpfj=ke~A foir~ $ tkye~
foiTtkye~ bR;knhfuA
63- pqRoL; izfr"ks/da lw=ke~ ,rr~A 'kdkjkr~ ijL; roxZL; 'kdkj;ksxs lR;fi pqRoa u Hkofr bR;k'k;%A
fo'k~ $ u%] iz'k~ $ u% bR;=k udkj% roxZL; o.kZ%A l p 'kdkjkr~ ij% fo|rsA v=k roxZL;
'kdkjs.k ;ksx% vfLr] vr% ^Lrks% 'pquk 'pq%* bfr lw=ks.k pqRoa izkIra HkofrA ^'kkr~* bfr lw=ks.k pqRoL;
fu"ks/% f;rs] vr% fo'u%] iz'u% bR;so :is Hkor%A
:iys[kuizdkj% &
fo'k~ $ u%] bR;=k ^^Lrks% 'pquk 'pq%** bfr lw=ks.k 'kdkj;ksxs uL; pqRosu kdkjs izkIrs ^^'kkr~** bfr
lw=ks.k fu"ks/s rs fo'u% bfr :ia fln~/e~A
64- "k~ p Vq'p "Vq%A ldkjroxZ;ks% "kdkjs.k VoxsZ.k p ;ksxs lfr lL; "k%] roxZL; p LFkkus VoxZ%
iz;qT;rs bfr Hkko%A
jkel~ $ "k"B% bR;=k lL; "kdkjs.k ;ksx% (lEcU/%) vfLr] vr% lL; ^"k* vkns'k% HkofrA
,oeso jkel~ $ Vhdrs bR;=k lL; Vdkjs.k ;ksx%] is"k~ $ rk bR;=k roxZL; "kdkjs.k ;ksx%] rr~ $ Vhdk
bR;=k roxZL; VoxhZ;s.k ;ksx%] pfu~ $ <kSdls bR;=kkfi rFkSoA vr% loZ=k roxZL; VoxZ:is lL; p
"kdkj:is ifjorZua tkre~A
:iys[kuizdkj% &
jkel~ $ "k"B% bR;=k ^^"Vquk "Vq% bfr lw=ks.k "kdkj;ksxs lL; "kdkjkns'ks rs ^^jke""k"B%** bfr
:ia fln~/e~A
32
65- u inkUrkV~Vksjuke~ 8@4@42
inkUrkV~VoxkZr~ ijL;kuke% Lrks% "VquZ L;kr~A "kV~ lUr%A "kV~ rs inkUrkr~ fde~ \ bZVV~ As Vks% fde~ \
lfiZ"Vee~A (vuke~uofruxjh.kkfefr okP;e~) "k..kke~A "k..kofr%A "k..kx;Z%A
66- rks%f"k 8@4@43
u "VqRoe~A lU"k"B%A
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
=k;l~ $ "kV~ink% =k;""kV~ink%A er~ $ Vhdk eV~VhdkA inkFkkZl~ $ Vfrk% inkFkkZ"Vfrk%A
65- u inkUrkr~ Vks% vuke~ bfrPNsn%A inkUrkr~ VoxkZr~ ijL; lL; roxZL; p
"VqRoa u Hkofr] fdUrq ûke~* bR;L; rq uL; VoxZ.kdkj% HkofrA okfrZde~ & uke~fHkUuL;] uofrfHkUuL;]
uxjhfHkUuL; p "VqRoa u Hkofr bfr oDrO;e~ vFkkZr~ inkUrkr~ VoxkZr~ ijL; uke~] uofr] uxjh bfr in=k;L;
roxZudkjL; rq "VqRoa Hkofr] vU;L; "VqRo fu"ks/% bfr okfrZdk'k;%A
"kV~ $ lUr% bR;=k inkUrkr~ VoxkZr~ ijL; lL; ^"Vquk "Vq%* bfr izkIrL; "kkns'kL; vusu fu"ks/%
f;rsA "kV~ $ rs bR;=k roxZL; izkIr% VoxkZns'k% vusu fuf"k;rs] inkUrVoxkZr~ ijRokr~A "kM~uke~] "kM~uofr%]
"kM~ux;Z% bR;=k rq okfrZdkuqlkja uL; VoxZ.kdkj% fo/h;rs ML; vuqukflds p "k..kke~] "k..kofr%] "k..kx;Z%
bfr :ikf.k HkofUrA
:iys[kuizdkj% &
"kV~ lUr% "kM~ $ lUr% bR;=k ^^"Vquk "Vq%** bfr lw=ks.k lL; "kRos izkIrs** u inkUrkV~Vksjuke~** bfr lw=ks.k fu"ks/
s rs ^^[kfj p** bfr lw=ks.k ML; pRosZu Vdkjs rs ^"kV~lUr%** bfr :ia fln~/e~A ,oeso "kV~rs bR;=k
VqRofu"ks/%A
"k..kke~ &
"kM~ $ uke~ bR;=k ^û inkUrkr~-** bfr "VqRoL; fu"ks/s izkIrs ^^vukEuofr** bR;kfnokfrZdsu izfr"ks/
s "VqRos p rs "kM~$.kke~ bR;oLFkk;ka ^îzR;;s Hkk"kk;ka fuR;e~** bfr okfrZdsu MdkjL; vuqukflds p rs
^"k..kke~* bfr :ie~A bZV~Vs bR;=k bZM~ $ rs bR;oLFkk;ka VoxZL; (MdkjL;) inkUrRokHkkokr~ u "VqRoL; fu"ks/
%] vr% "VqRos bZM~ $ Vs bfr tkrs ML; pRosZu ([kfj p) Vdkjs bZV~Vs bfr :ie~A lfiZ"k~ $ ree~ bR;=k rq "VqRoa
HkofrA lw=ks ;fn inkUrkr~ "Vks% bfr vdFkf;";r~ rnk rq "VqRoL; fu"ks/% vHkfo";r~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kfu &
"kV~ $ rjo% "kV~ rjo%A f}M~ $ /kofr f}M~/kofr bR;knhfuA
66- rq bR;L; ipE;sdopua rks% bfrA f"k bfr "k~ bR;L; lIrE;s & dopue~A vr% roxkZr~ "kdkjs ijs
roxZL; VoxZ% u Hkofr bfr lw=kkFkZ%A
lu~ $ "k"B% bR;=k roxZL; udkj%] rLekr~ ij% ^"k"B%* bfr "kdkj%A v=k "kdkj;ksxs roxZL; ^^"Vquk "Vq%**
bfr VoxsZ izkIrs] vusu fuf"k;rsA vr% lu~"k"B% bR;soa :ie~A
:iys[kuizdkj% &
lu~ $ "k"B% bR;=k ^^"Vquk "Vq%** bfr lw=ks.k "kdkj;ksxs roxZudkjL; VoxsZ (VqRos) izkIrs ^^rks% f"k** bfr
lw=ks.k rfUu"ks/s rs ^lU"k"B%* bfr fln~/e~A
33
67- HkQyka t'kksUrs 8@2@39
inkUrs HkQyka t'k% L;q%A okxh'k%A
68- ;jksuqukfldsuqukfldks ok 8@4@45
;j% inkUrL;kuqukflds ijsuqukfldks ok L;kr~A ,rUeqjkfj% ,rn~eqjkfj%A
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
e;wjkr~ "k.eq[kksorjfrA iq"ikr~ "kV~in mRirfr bR;knhfuA
67- HkQyke~ t'k% vUrs bfrPNsn%A inkUrs fo|ekukuka HkQyka LFkkus t'k% oxkZ.kka r`rh;o.kkZ% tcxMnk%
;Fkk;ksX;a L;q%A
okd~ $ bZ'k% bR;=k inkUrs fo|eku% HkQy~ ddkj%] rL; p LFkkus doxZr`rh;% xdkj% Hkofr] vr%
okxh'k% bfr :ie~A ,oeso txnh'k% bR;k|fi Ks;e~A
:iys[kuizdkj %&
okd~$bZ'k% bR;=k ^^HkQyka t'kksUrs** bfr lw=ks.k inkUrs fo|ekuL; ddkjL; t'Rosu xdkjs rs okx~
$ bZ'k% bR;oLFkk;ka o.kZlEesyus rs okxh'k% bfr :ia fln~/e~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
txr~$bZ'k% txnh'k%A fnd~$vEcj% fnxEcj%A "kV~ $ vkeziQykfu "kMkeziQykfuA fpr~ $ vkuUn%
fpnkuUn%A fpr~ $ :ie~ fpnzwie~ bR;knhfuA
68- ;j% vuqukflds vuqukfld% ok bfrPNsn%A inkUrs fo|eku% ;% ;j~

izR;kgkjo.kZ%] rLekr~ o.kkZr~ ijs vuqukflds o.ksZ lfr rL; ;j~iRz ;kgkjo.kZL; fodYisu vuqukfldo.kZ%
Hkofr bR;k'k;%A
;Fkk ,rn~ $ eqjkfj% bR;=k inkUrs fo|eku% ;j~izR;kgkjo.kZ% ndkj% vfLrA rLekr~ ij% edkj%
vuqukfldo.kZ% fo|rsA vr% ndkjL; (;j%) LFkkus fodYisu rn~oxhZ; ,o vuqukfld% udkj% tkr%A
vuqukfldkHkkos ndkj ,o fr"BfrA bRFke~ ,rUeqjkfj% ,rn~eqjkfj% bfr :i};e~A
:iys[kuizdkj% &
,rn~ $ eqjkfj% bR;=k ^^;jksuqukfldsuqukfldks ok** bfr lw=ks.k ndkjL; fodYisu vuqukflds udkjs
rs ,rUeqjkfj% bfr :ia fln~/e~A vuqukfldkHkkos ,rn~eqjkfj% bR;fi f}rh;a :ie~A (izR;;s Hkk"kk;ka fuR;e~)
rUek=ke~A fpUe;e~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
Rox~ $ eulh Ro~eulh] RoXeulhA f/x~ $ ew[kZe~ f/~ew[kZe~] f/Xew[kZe~A en~ $ uhfr%
eUuhfr% en~uhfrA txn~ $ ukFk% txUukFk%] txn~ukFk% bR;knhfuA
okfrZde~ &
vuqukfldkfnizR;;s ijs inkUrL; ;j% LFkkus fuR;e~ vuqukfldo.kZ% HkofrA
rn~ $ ek=ke~ bR;=k inkUrL; ndkjL; (;j%) ek=kp~ izR;;s ijs lw=ks.k fodYisu vuqukflds izkIrs vusu
okfrZdus fuR;e~ vuqukfldRoa fo/h;rs] vr% rUek=ke~ bfr ,deso :ie~A ,oeso fpUe;e~ bR;=kkfi Ks;e~A
34
69- rksfyZ% 8@4@60
roxZL; ydkjs ijs ijlo.kZ%A rYy;%A fo}kfYy[kfrA uL;kuqukfldks y%A
70- mn% LFkkLrEHkks% iwoZL; 8@4@61
mn% ij;ks% LFkkLrEHkks% iwoZlo.kZ%AA
71- rLekfnR;qkjL; 1@1@67
ipehfunsZ'ksu f;ek.ka dk;Za o.kkZUrjs.kkO;ofgrL; ijL; Ks;e~A
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
:iys[kuizdkj% &
rr~ $ ek=ke~ bR;=k ^^;jksuqukfldsuqukfldks ok** bfr lw=ks.k rL; fodYisu vuqukflds izkIrs
^îzR;;s Hkk"kk;ka fuR;e~** bfr okfrZdsu fuR;e~ vuqukflds rs rUek=ke~ bfr fln~/e~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
okx~ $ e;% ok~e;%A okx~ $ ek=ke~ ok~ek=ke~A"kM~ $ .kke~ "k..kke~ bR;knhfuA
69- rks% fy bfrPNsn%A roxkZr~ ydkjs ijs roxZo.kZL; ijlo.kZ% L;kr~A ;Fkk & rn~ $ y;% bR;=k
roxZL; o.kZ% ndkj% fo|rs] rLekr~ ij% y;% bfr ydkj% fo|eku%A vr% iwoZL; nL; ijlo.kZ% ydkj% ,o
HkofrA ,oeso fo}ku~ $ fy[kfr bR;=k roxZL; udkj%] rLekRij% fy[kfr bfr yo.kZ% fo|rsA vr% vusu lw=ks.k
udkjL; LFkkus ijlo.kZRosu vuqukfldydkj% fo/h;rsA ;rks fg iwoeZ ~ mDra ;r~ ;oyk% vuqukfldRokuuqukfldRokH;ka
f}/k HkofUrA vr% vuqukfldL; udkjL; LFkkus f;ek.k% ijlo.kZ%
ydkj% vfi vuqukfld% ,o Hkofr ^fo}kfYy[kfr* bfrA ^rYy;%* bR;=k rq ndkj%] l p u vuqukfld%A
vr% rL; LFkkus ijlo.kZ% ydkj vfi vuuqukfld ,o Hkorhfr foKs;e~A
:iys[kuizdkj% &
rn~ $ y;% bR;=k ^^rksfyZ** bfr lw=ks.k nL; ijlo.kZRosu ydkjs rs ^rYy;%* bfr fln~/e~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
rn~ $ yhu% rYyhu%A txn~ $ yh;rs txYyh;rsA Hkxon~ $ yhyk HkxoYYkhykA glu~ $
fy[kfr glfYy[kfrA /heku~ $ fy[kfr /hekfYy[kfr bR;knhfuA
70- mn~ bfr milxZ%] rLekr~ ijL; LFkk/krks%] LrEHk/krks% p iwoZlo.kZ% L;kr~A ;Fkk mn~ $ LFkkue~] mn~
$ LrEHkue~ bR;=k mnqilxkZr~ ijkS LFkkLrEHkkS /krw Lr%A vr% vu;ks% /kRoks% iwoZlo.kZ% HkofrA
iz'u% &
mn~ bfr milxkZr~ ijL; bR;qDrs% fda O;ofgrijL; vfi dk; drq 'kD;rs ok \ vO;ofgrijL; ok \
bfr iz'us o{;rs ^rLekfnR;qkjL;* bfr ifjHkk"kka lw=k:ike~A
71- rLekr~ bfr mkjL; bfrPNsn%A ifjHkk"kklw=ke~ bne~A ipehfunsZ'k}kjk ;r~ dk;Za fo/h;rs] rRdk;
ipehfunsZ'ksu iz;ksxs cksf/rkr~ vO;ofgrijL; O;o/ku'kwU;L; ijL; cks;e~ bfr O;oLFkkA izrizlaxs
^^mn% LFkkLrEHkks%** bfr lw=ks ^mn%* bR;soa ipehfunsZ'k%A ,rsu iz;ksxs mn~ $ LFkkue~] mn~ $ LrEHkue~ bR;=k
mn~ bR;L; xzg.ka HkofrA vr% vLekr~ mn% vO;ofgrijL; lk{kkr~ mkjL; ,rsu f;ek.ka ijlo.kZ:ia dk;Za
drZO;e~A mn% vO;ofgrije~ mDr/krq};e~ vfLr] vr% rL;So rr~A
iz'u %
mn% vO;ofgrijL; LFkk/krks%] LrEHk/krks p fda lEiw.kZL; LFkkus iwoZlo.kZ% dk;Z% \ dL;fpn~
va'kfo'ks"kL; ok \ bfr ftKklk;ke~ vorkj;fr O;oLFkkida ifjHkk"kklw=ke~ & ^^vkns% ijL;** bfr &
35
72- vkns% ijL; 1@1@54
ijL; ;n~fofgra rkL;knscksZ;e~A bfr lL; Fk%A
73- HkQjks HkQfj lo.ksZ 8@4@65
gy% ijL; HkQjks ok yksi% L;kr~ lo.ksZ HkQfjA
74- [kfj p 8@4@55
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72- ijL; mkjL; ;r~ dk;Za fofgra] rRdk;Za rL; vkns% o.kZL; cks;e~ bfr O;oLFkkA vr% mn~ $ LFkkue~
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LFkkus iwolZ o.kZ% o.kZ% drZO;%A iwo%Z ndkj% rL; lof.kZu% roxZL; losZ o.kkZ% ^rFkn/uk%* lfUrA ,rs"kq ldkjL;
LFkkus dre% fo/s;% \ bfr iz'us & ^LFkkusUrjre%* bfr funs'Z kkuqlkja lL; ln`'kre% fookj'oklk?kks"kegkizk.k% Fkdkj%
,o iwol Z o.kZ% Hkofr] ukU;%A
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bfr lw=ks.k mn% vO;ofgrL; ijL; LFkk/krks% vkns% o.kZL; ldkjL; LFkkus ln`'kres iwol Z o.kZRosu Fkdkjs rs mn~ $
Fk~ Fkkue~ bfr fLFkrs] mn~ $ LrEHkue~ bR;=k p mn~ $ Fk~ rEHkue~ bfr fLFkrs -------------------- A
73- gy% ijL; HkQj~izR;kgkjxro.kZL; fodYisu yksi% Hkofr lo.ksZ HkQfj ijs lfr bfr lw=kk'k;%A
mn~ $ Fk~ Fkkue~] mn~ $ Fk~ rEHkue~ bR;=k ndkjkr~ (gy%) ijL; FkdkjL; (HkQj%) yksi% Hkofr]
;rks fg rLekr~ ij% rL; lo.kZ% HkQj~ e'k% mDr;ks% iz;ksx;ks% Fkdkj%] rdkj'p fo|rsA bRFke~ mn~$Fkkue~
bfr] mn~$rEHkue~ bfr fLFkfr% tkrk ----------------------------------A
74- [kfj [kj~iRz ;kgkjkUrxZrk% ;s o.kkZ% rs"kq ijs"kq] HkQyka LFkkus pj% ^p V r d i 'k "k l* bR;srs L;q%A
mn~ $ Fkkue~] mn~ $ rEHkue~ bR;=k mHk;=k ndkj% HkQy~o.kZ%] rLekr~ ijkS e'k% FkdkjrdkjkS Lr%] rkS
p [kj~iRz ;kgkjxrkS fo|srAs vr% [kj~ijRokr~ HkQy% nL; pRosuZ rdkj% ltkr% bR;soe~ mr~ $ Fkkue~] mr~ $ [kfj
>yka pj% L;q%A bR;qnks nL; r%A mRFkkue~A mkEHkue~A rEHkue~ bfr fLFkfr% tkrk%] rr'p o.kZlEesyus mRFkkue~ bfr]
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LFkkLrEHkks% iwoZL;** bfr lw=ks.k lL; LFkkus iwoZlo.ksZ Fkdkjs rs mn~$Fk~ Fkkue~ bfr fLFkrs** >jks >fj lo.ksZ**
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mn~$LrEHkue~ bR;=kkfi rFkSo Fkdkjs] Fkyksis nL; rdkjs mkEHkue~ bfr
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36
75- >;ks gksU;rjL;ke~ 8@4@62
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t c x M n [k iQ N B Fk p V r d i bfr o.kkZ%A rr% ijL; gdkjL; fodYisu iwoZlo.kZ%
HkofrA
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,o ukn?kks"klaokjegkizk.k%] gdkj% vfi rkn`'k% ,oA
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okd~ $ gfj% bR;=k ^^HkQyka t'kksUrs** bfr lw=ks.k ddkjL; t'Ros xdkjs rs okx~ $ gfj% bR;oLFkk;ka
^^HkQ;ksgksU;rjL;ke~** bfr lw=ks.k gL; LFkkus fodYisu iwolZ o.ksZ ?kdkjs rs okX?kfj% bfr izFkea :ie~A iwol
Z o.kkZHkkos
rq ôkXgfj%* bR;so :ia HkofrA
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
rn~ $ fgre~ & rfn~/re~A fnx~ $ gLrh fnX?kLrhA vt~ $ gykS vT>ykSA L;kn~ $ gfy L;kn~/
fyA jRueqM~ $ gjfr jRueqM~<jfr bR;knhfuA
76- 'k% N% vfV bfrPNsn%A vV~ bfr izR;kgkj%A >;% ijL; 'kdkjL; LFkkus ok Ndkj% Hkofr] ;fn
rLekr~ ij% vV~o.kZ% L;kr~A
rn~ $ f'ko% bR;=k 'kdkj;ksxs nL; 'pqRosu tdkjs rt~ $ f'ko% ^^[kfj p** bR;usu tL; pRosuZ pdkjs
rp~ $ f'ko% bR;oLFkk;ke~ vusu lw=ks.k 'kL; fodYisu NRoa] fo/h;rs bdkj:iL; vV% ijr% lokr~A
NRokHkkos 'kdkj ,o] vr% mDr:i};a HkofrA
:iys[kuizdkj% &
rn~ $ f'ko% bR;=k ^^Lrks% 'pquk 'pq%** bfr lw=ks.k nL; 'pqRosu tdkjs rs rt~ $ f'ko% bfr tkrs
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fodYisu 'kL; NRos rs rfPNo% bfr :ie~A NRokHkkos rq rfP'ko% bfr f}rh;a :ia fln~/e~A
okfrZde~ &
NRodj.ks ve~izR;kgkjs ijs bfr oDrO;e~ bfr Hkko%A vFkkZr~ 'kdkjkr~ ijs vfe lfr bfrA r|Fkk rn~
$ 'yksdsu bR;=k nL; tdkjs] tL; pRosZu pdkjs rp~'yksdsu bfr tkrs 'kL; NRoa Hkofr] ;rks fg rLekRij%
vEizR;kgkjo.kZ% ydkj% fo|rsA vfV bfr dFkuek=ks rq NRoa u L;kr~] yL; vV~RokHkkokr~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
okd~ $ 'kwj% okDNwj%] okD'kwj%A
37
77- eksuqLokj% 8@3@23
ekUrL; inL;kuqLokjks gfyA gfja oUnsA
78- u'pkinkUrL; HkQfy 8@3@25
uL; eL; pkinkUrL; HkQY;uqLokj% A ;'kkafl A vkaL;rsA >fy fde~ \ eU;rsA
79- vuqLokjL; ;f; ijlo.kZ%A 8@4@58
Li"Ve~ A 'kkUr%A
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Hkor~ $ f'k";% HkofPN";%] Hkop~f'k";%A
Ror~ $ 'kk RoPNk_ RoP'kkA
er~ $ 'yk?kk ePN~yk?kk] eP'yk?kk bR;knhfuA
77- e% vuqLokj%A ekUrL; inL; vuqLokj% Hkofr gfy O;tus o.ksZ ijsA fda lEiw.kZinL; LFkkus
vuqLokj% dk;Z% \ u fg] dsoyL; vUR;L; edkjL;] ^vyksUR;L;* bfr ifjHkk"k;kA
gfje~ $ oUns bR;=k inkUrL; edkjL; vuqLokj% Hkofr ;rks fg rLekRij% gy~ o.kZ% fo|rs]
vr% gfja oUns bfrA
:iys[kuizdkj% &
gfje~ $ oUns bR;=k ^êksuqLokj%** bfr lw=ks.k eL; vuqLokjs gfja oUns bfr :ia fln~/e~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
fo|ky;e~ $ xPNfr fo|ky;a xPNfrA iqLrde~ $ iBfr iqLrda iBfr A vkpk;Ze~ $
uefr vkpk;Za uefrA izHkqe~ $ Hktfr izHkqa Hktfr bR;knhfuA
78- u% p vinkUrL; HkQfy bfr inPNsn%A vinkUrL; udkjL; edkjL; p HkQfy ijs vuqLokj%
HkofrA
;'kku~ $ fl] vke~ $ L;rs bR;=k e'k% vinkUr% udkj% edkj'p fo|rs] rr% ij% ldkj%
>y~:ihA vinkUr% bR;qDrs ine;LFk%A vr% udkjL; edkjL; vuqLOkkj% fo/h;rs v=kA bRFka ;'kakfl]
vkaL;rs bfr flfn~/%A
:iys[kuizdkj% &
;'kku~ $ fl bR;oLFkk;ka ^û'pkinkUrL; >fy** bfr lw=ks.k vinkUrL; udkjL; HkQYijdRokr~
vuqLokjs rs ;a'kkfl bfr :ia fln~/e~A vkaL;rs bR;=k eL; vuqLokj% bfr Ks;e~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
i;ku~ $ fl i;kaflA ljku~ $ fl ljkaflA le~ $ L;rs laL;rsA] bR;knhfuA
79- vuqLokjL; LFkkus ijlo.kZ% Hkofr ;f; ;izR;kgkjs ijsA ;L; oxZL; ijo.kZ%] rn~oxhZ;% ipe%
o.kZ% ijlo.kZRosu dj.kh;%A
'kka $ r% bR;=k vkdkjkRij% vuqLokj%] fo|rs] rLekPp ij% roxZrdkj% vfLrA vusu lw=ks.k
vuqLokjL; LFkkus ijlo.kZRosu roxZL; ipe% udkj% fo/h;rs] vr% 'kkUr% bfr :ie~A
38
70- ok inkUrL; 8@4@59
Rojksf"k] Roa djksf"kA
71- eks jkft le% DokS 8@3@25
fDocUrs jktrkS ijs leks eL; e ,o L;kr~A lezkV~A
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:iys[kuizdkj% &
'kke~ $ r% bR;=k ^û'pkinkUrL; >fy** bfr lw=ks.k vinkUrL; edkjL; LFkkus vuqLokjs rs
'kka $ r% bfr tkrs ^^vuqLokjL; ;f; ijlo.kZ%** bfr lw=ks.k vuqLokjL; ijlo.kZRosu udkjs rs ^'kkUr%*
bfr fln~/e~A
fo'ks"k% vuqLokjL; ukfldk LFkkue~ vfLr] vr% rL; LFkkus oxZL; ipe% o.kZ% dj.kh;%A doxsZ ijs
dkj%] poxsZ kdkj%] VoxsZ .kdkj%] roxsZ udkj] ioxsZ rq edkj% bfrA
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
va $ fdr% vfr%A va $ fpr% vfpr%A xqa $ tue~ xqtue~A dqa $ fBr% dqf.Br%A
xqa $ fiQr% xqfEiQr% bR;knhfuA
70- inkUrL; vuqLokjL; fodYisu ijlo.kZ% HkofrA vinkUrL; rq fuR;e~ bfr Ks;e~A
Roa $ djksf"k bR;=k ^Roa* ine~ vfLr] rL; vUrs vuqLokj% inkUr%A rL; vuqLokjL; ijlo.ksZ dkjs
fodYisu rs ^Ro~djksf"k* bfr :ie~A ijlo.kkZHkkos rq ^Roa djksf"k* bfrA
:iys[kuizdkj% &
Roe~ $ djksf"k bR;=k ^êksuqLokj** bfr lw=ks.k edkjL; vuqLokjs rs ^Roa djksf"k* bfr fLFkrs
^^vuqLokjL; ;f; ijlo.kZ%** bfr lw=ks.k vuqLokjL; fuR;a ijlo.ksZ izkIrs ra izck; ^ôk inkUrL;** bfr lw=ks.k
fodYisu ijlo.ksZ dkjs rs ^Ro~djksf"k* bfr :ia fln~/e~A ijlo.kkZHkkoi{ks rq ^Roa* djksf"k* bfr :iefi
fln~/e~A
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Roa $ pyfl Ropyfl] Roa pyflA 'k=kqa $ t;fr 'k=kqt;fr] 'k=kqa t;frA vga $ ;kfe vg;kfe]
vga ;kfe bR;knhfuA
71- e% jkft le% DokS bfrPNsn%A DokS bfr fDo (fDoi~) bR;L; lIrE;sdopus :ie~ A izR;;su rnUrxzg.ke~]
vr% DokS ijs bR;L; fDocUrs ijs bR;FkZ%A bRFke~ & fDoi~iRz ;;kUrs jkt~'kCns ijs ^le~* bR;qilxZL; eL; e ,o Hkofr]
u iqu% ^êksuqLokj%** bfr vuqLokj% bR;k'k;%A
^lezkV~* bR;=k le~ $ jkV~ bR;oLFkk;ka ^êksuqLokj%** bfr izkIre~A vusu lw=ks.k voLFkkfo'ks"ks le%
eL; edkj ,o fo/h;rs] vr% ^lezkV* bfr :ie~A ;=k jkt~/krq% ij% u Hkofr] r=k rq vuqLokj% HkofrA ;Fkk
& lajko% bR;knkSA
:iys[kuizdkj% &
le~ $ jkV~ bR;=k ^êksuqLokj%** bfr lw=ks.k inkUrL; edkjL; vuqLokjs izkIrs ra izck; ^êks jkft
le% DokS** bfr lw=ks.k edkjL; edkjs ,o rs o.kZlEesyus ^lezkV~* bfr :ia fu"iUue~A
fo'ks"k% milxZ% vfi ina Hkofr] vr% ^le~* bR;=k eL; inkUrRoe~ vLrhfr Ks;e~A
39
82- gs eijs ok 8@3@26
eijs gdkjs ijs eL; eks okA fde~ y;fr] fda y;frA (;oyijs ;oyk ok) fd;~ %] fda %A
fdo~ y;fr] fda y;frA fdy~ kn;fr] fda kn;frA
83- uijs u% 8@3@27
uijs gdkjs eL; uks okA fdu~ qrs] fda qrsA
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
82- e% ij% ;Lekr~ l% eij%A rkn`'ks gdkjs ijs eL; fodYisu e ,o HkofrA vFkkZr~ eijgdkjs ijs eL; e%]
i{ks vuqLokj%A
fde~ $ y;fr bR;=k ^fde~* bR;=k inkUr% edkj%] rLekPp edkjkRij% eijgdkj% ^* bfr
fo|rsA vr% v=k ^êksuqLokj%** bfr izkIre~ vuqLokja izck; vusu lw=ks.k eL; fodYisu edkj ,o fo/h;rsA
i{ks rq vuqLokj% Hkofr] r=k fda y;fr bfr :ie~A
:iys[kuizdkj% &
fde~ $ y;fr bR;=k ^^gs eijs ok** bfr lw=ks.k fodYisu eL; edkjs rs fde~ y;fr
bfr:ie~A i{ks rq vuqLokjs lfr fda y;fr bfr :iefi fln~/e~A
okfrZde~ &
;ijgdkjs] oijgdkjs] yijgdkjs p ijs eL; fodYisu e'k% vuqukfldk% ;oyk% fo/h;Urs bfr
rkRi;ZeA~
fde~ $ % bR;=k ;ijgdkj% fo|rsA vr% rfLeu~ ijs eL; fodYisu vuqukfld% ;dkj%A fde~
y;fr bR;=k eL; vuqukfld% odkj%] oijgdkjijRokr~A fde~ $ kn;fr] bR;=k yijgdkjijRokr~ eL;
vuqukfld% ydkj%A i{ks rq loZ=k vuqLokj%A
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bfr okfrZdsu eL; fodYisu vuqukflds ;dkjs (eL;kfi vuqukfldRokr~) rs fd;~ % bfr :ia fln~/e~A
i{ks fda % bfr vuqLokj%A ,oeso vU;=kkfi Ks;e~A
83- uijgdkjs ijs eL; fodYisu udkj% HkofrA u% ij% ;Lekr~ bfr uij%Auij'pklkS gdkj% uijgdkj%]
rfLeu~A
fde~ $ qrs bR;=k uijgdkjijRokr~ eL; vuqLokja izck; vusu udkj% fo/h;rsA udkjkHkkos rq
vuqLokj% dk;Z%A
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fde~ $ qrs bR;=k êksuqLokj%* bfr lw=ks.k eL; vuqLokjs izkIrs ra izck; ^ûijs u%** bfr lw=ks.k
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40
84- vk|UrkS VfdrkS 1@1@46
fVr~fdrkS ;L;ksDrkS rL; eknk|Urko;okS Lr%A
85- ~.kks% dqDVqd~ 'kfj 8@3@28
ok Lr%A (p;ks f}rh;k% 'kfj ikS"djlknsfjfr okP;e~) izk~[k~ "k"B%]
86- M% fl /qV~ 8@3@29
Mkr~ ijL; lL; /qM~ okA "kV~RlUr%] "kV~lUr%A
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vkxPNfr l vkxe% mP;rsA l p ;L; mDr%] rL; dq=k fr"Bsr~ bfr O;oLFkka lEikn;u~ vkg & ^vk|UrkS*
bfrA vkfn'p vUr'p vk|UrkSA V'p d'p bfr VdkSA VdkS brkS bRlaKdkS ;;ks% rkS VfdrkS] fVr~ fdr~ p
bR;FkZ%A vFkkZr~ ;L; vkxeL; Vdkj% br~] ;L; p ddkj% br~ rkS VfdrkS vkxekS ;L; mDrkS] rL;
(vkxfeu%) e'k% vk|o;o% Hkofr] vUrko;o'p HkofrA vkxe% ;L; Hkofr l vkxeh mP;rsA vFkkZr~
fVnkxe% vkxfeu% vknkS vo;oRosu fr"Bfr] fdnkxe'p vUrko;oRosu bfr foosd%A
85- .kks% dqdV~ d q ~ 'kfjA 'kj~ bfr 'k"klo.kkZuka cks/d% izR;kgkj%A ~ p .k~ p ~.kkS] r;ks% ~.kks%A vFkkZr~ 'kfj
ijs lfr fodYisu dkjL; dqxkxe%] .kdkjL; p Vqxkxe% HkofrA dqd~ Vqd~ bR;=k e'k% d~ bfr V~ bfr
vof'k";rsA ,rkS fdrkS Lr%A
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VfdrkS** bfr lw=kkuqlkja .kks% e'k% fdokr~ vUrs dqxkxe% Vqxkxe'p tkr% vr% izk~ d~ $ "k"B%]
lqx.k~V~"k"B% bfr fLFkfr% tkrkA izk~{k"B%] izk~"k"B%A lqx.B~ "k"B%] lqx.V~ "k"B%] lqx.k~ "k"B%A
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vr% izk~[k~ "k"B%] lqx.k~B~"k"B% bfr :ie~A i{ks izFkeo.kZ% vfi fr"Bfr izk~d~"k"B%] lqx.k~V~"k"B% bR;fiA ;=k
p vkxe ,o u Hkofr rfLeu~ i{ks izk~"k"B%] lqx.k~ "k"B% bfr :ie~A
:iys[kuizdkj% &
izk~ $ "k"B% bR;=k ^^.kks% dqd~Vqd~ 'kfj** bfr lw=ks.k ^^vk|UrkS VfdrkS** bfr lw=klgdkjs.k
fodYisu dkjL; vUrko;os dqxkxesuqcU/yksis izk~d~"k"B% bfr tkrs] ^^p;ks f}rh;k% 'kfj ikS"djlknsfjfr
okP;e~** bfr okfrZdsu ddkjL; fodYisu [kdkjs rs izk~[k~ "k"B% bfr :ie~A
[kdkjkHkkoi{ks izk~d~"k"B% izk~{k"B% bfr f}rh;a :ie~A vkxekHkkos rq izk~ "k"B% bfr r`rh;a :ia fln~/e~A
86- Mdkjkr~ vO;ofgrijL; O;o/ku'kwU;L; ijL; ldkjL; fodYisu /qMkxe% HkofrA /qMkxeL;
^/~* vof'k";rsA v;p% fVr~ vfLrA fVokr~ lL; vknkS Hkofr ^^vk|UrkS** bfr O;oLFk;kA
"kM~ $ lUr% bR;=k Mdkjkr~ lk{kkr~ ij% ldkj% vfLrA vL; lL; vknkS /qMkxe% vusu fo/h;rsA
vr% "kM~ $ /~ $ lUr% bR;oLFkk tkrk] v=k pRosZu /L; rdkjs] ML; p Vdkjs "kV~RlUr%A /qMHkkos "kV~lUr%
bfr :ie~A
41
87- u'p 8@3@30
ukUrkr~ ijL; lL; /qM~ okA lURl%] lUl%A
88- f'k rqd~ 8@3@31
inkUrL; uL; 'ks ijs rqXokA lNEHkq%] lPNEHkq%] lP'kEHkq%] l'kEHkq%A
89- eks Loknfp eq.k~ fuR;e~ 8@3@32
Lokr~ ijks ;ks e~ rnUra ;Rina] rLekRijL;kpks eqV~ L;kr~A izR;~kRek] lqx..kh'k%] lUuP;qr%A
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
:iys[kuizdkj% &
"kM~ $ lUr% bR;=k ^^M% fl /qV~** bfr lw=ks.k lL; vknkS fodYisu /qMkxes vuqcU/yksis p rs "kM~
$ /~ $ lUr% bfr tkrs ^^[kfj p** bfr lw=ks.k /L; pRosZu rdkjs rs ^"kM~r~ lUr%* bfr fLFkrs iqu% ^[kfj
p* bfr lw=ks.k MdkjL; pRosZu Vdkjs rs ^"kV~RlUr%* bfr izFkea :ie~A ;=k /qV~ u r% r=k MdkjL; pRosZu
Vdkjs rs "kV~lUr% bfr :ia fln~/e~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
lezkM~ $ lR;% lezkV~RlR;%] lezkV~lR;%A fyM~ $ lq fyV~Rlq] fyV~lq bR;knhfuA
87- ukUrkr~ udkjkUrkr~ ijL; lL; vfi vknkS fodYisu /qMkxe% HkofrA
lu~ $ l% bR;=k lu~ bfr udkjkUra ine~ vfLrA rr% ij'p ^l%* bfr ldkj% orZrsA vL; ldkjL;
vusu lw=ks.k fodYisu vknkS /qMkxe% f;rs] rL; p pRosZ lURl% bfr :ie~A /qMHkkos rq lUl% bfrA
:iys[kuizdkj% &
lu~ $ l% bR;=k ^û'p** bfr lw=ks.k udkjkr~ ijL; lL; vknkS fodYisu /qMkxesuqcU/yksis p rs lu~
$ /~ $ l% bfr tkrs ^^[kfj p** bfr lw=ks.k /L; pRosuZ rdkjs rs lURl% bfr :ie~A /qMHkkos rq lUl% bfr :iefi
fln~/e~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
=khu~ $ leqnzku~ =khURleqnzku~] =khUleqnzku~A Hkxoku~ $ lk/qa j{kfr HkxokURlk/qa] HkxokUlk/qa j{kfrA
fo}ku~ $ lgrs fo}kURlgrs] fo}ku~lgrs bR;knhfuA
88- inkUr% ;% udkj%] rLekr~ 'kdkjs ijs] rL; udkjL; (rqd~) rqxkxe% fodYisu HkofrA rqd~ bR;=k
r~ vof'k";rsA v=k ddkjL; bRlaKkRokr~ v;ekxe% fdr~ vfLrA vr% v;e~ vUrko;oRosu fr"BfrA
:iys[kuizdkj% &
lu~ $ 'kEHkq% bR;=k ^^f'k rqd~** bfr lw=ks.k uL; fodYisu rqxkxesuqcU/yksis lu~ $ r~ $ 'kEHkq%
bfr fLFkrs ^^Lrks% 'pquk 'pq%** bfr lw=ks.k 'kdkj;ksxs rdkjL; pqRosu pdkjs iqu'p pdkj;ksxs uL; kdkjs
lp~'kEHkq% bR;oLFkk;ka ^^'k'NksfV** bfr lw=ks.k 'kL; fodYisu Ndkjs lPNEHkq% bfr fLFkrs ^^HkQjks HkQfj
lo.ksZ** bfr lw=ks.k fodYisu pdkjL; yksis lNEHkq% bfr :ie~A pyksikHkkos lPNEHkq% bfr f}rh;a :ie~A
NRokHkkos pyksikHkkos p lP'kEHkq% bfr r`rh;a rFkk rqxHkkos l'kEHkq% bfr prqFk :ia fln~/e~A
89- e% Lokn~ vfp eqV~ fuR;e~ bfrPNsn%A e~ bfr izR;kgkj% ^~ .k~ u~* bfr o.kkZuka cks/d%A eqV~
bfr (e~$mV~) izR;sda o.kZL; mV~la;ksx% vFkkZr~ qV~] .kqV~] uqV~ bfr rkRi;Ze~A vr% lw=kkFkZ% bRFka
dj.kh;%&Lokr~ ij% ;% e~ (~ .k~ u~) rnUrkr~ vfp ijs lfr] rL; vp% vknkS eqMkxe% HkofrA vFkkZr~
dkjkr~ ijL; vp% qV~] .kdkjRijL; .kqV~] udkjkRijL; p uqV~ Hkofr bR;k'k;%A
42
90- le% lqfV 8@3@5
leks #% lqfVA
91- v=kkuqukfld% iwoZL; rq ok 8@3@2
v=k #izdj.ks jks% iwoZL; vuqukfldks okA
92- vuqukfldkRijksuqLokj% 8@3@2
vuqukflda fogk; jks% iwoZLekRijksuqLokjkxe%A
93- [kjolku;ksfoZltZuh;% 8@3@15
[kfj volkus p inkUrL; jsiQL; folxZ% L;kr~A
(lEiq~dkuka lks oDrO;%) lLLdrkZA] laLLdrkZA
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
izR;~ $ vkRek bR;=k LokRij% e~ dkj%] rLekr~ ij% ^vkRek* bR;kdkj% vp~] vL; vp%
vk|o;oRosu qMkxe% vuqcU/yksi p Hkofr] vr% izR;~ $ ~ $ vkRek izR;~kRek bfr :ie~A lqx.k~
$ bZ'k% lqx.k~ .k~ bZ'k% lqx..kh'k%A lu~ $ vP;qr% lu~ $ u~ $ vP;qr% lUuP;qr% bR;soe~A
:iys[kuizdkj% &
izR;~ $ vkRek bR;=k ^êks Loknfp eq.k~ fuR;e~** bfr lw=ks.k e% (dkjkr~) ijL; ^^vkRek**
bR;kdkj:iL; vp% vknkS qMkxesuqcU/yksis izR;~ $ ~ $ vkRek bfr n'kk;ka o.kZlEesyus îzR;~kRek* bfr
:ia fln~/e~A lqx.k~ $ bZ'k% bR;=k .kqV~] lu~ $ vP;qr% bR;=k uqV~ Hkofr bfr ;s;e~A
vU;kfu mnkg.kkfu &
vfLeu~ $ vfi vfLeUufi] glu~ $ v'ukfr glUu'ukfr bR;knhfuA
90- le~ bfr milxZL; lqMkxes ijs #% HkofrA l p rL; vUR;L; edkjL; fo/s;% ^vyksUR;L;* bfr
U;k;kr~A ;Fkk le~ $ LdrkZ bR;=k edkjkr~ lqV~ ij% vfLr] vr% eL; #Ros l# $ LdrkZ bfr fLFkrs &
91- v=k #izdj.ks vFkkZr~ ;=k #% Hkofr] rfLeu~ izdj.ks jks% iwoZL; fodYisu vuqukfld% HkofrA r|Fkk
& l # $ LdrkZ bfr tkrs & &
92- #izdj.ks ;=k vuqukfld% u Hkofr] rfLeu~ i{ks jks% iwoZLekr~ vp% ij% vuqLokjkxe% HkofrA bRFka
#izdj.ks ,di{ks vuqukfld%] vij=k vuqLokj p
jks% iwoLZ ekr~ ij% HkofrA r|Fkk & l# $ LdrkZ] la# $ LdrkZ
bR;soa i{k};e~A
93- [kj~ $ volku;ks% foltZuh;%A vFkkZr~ [kfj ijs volkus p inkUrL; jsiQL; folxZ% HkofrA
foltZuh;% folxZ%A l# $ LdrkZ] la# $LdrkZ bR;=k ^#* bR;L; mdkjL; vuqukfldRoizfrK;k
^^mins'kstuqukfld br~** bfr lw=ks.k bRlaKk;ka ^rL; yksi%** bR;usu yksis rs lj~ $ LdrkZ] laj~ $ LdrkZ
bfr fLFkrkS ^^[kjolku;ksfoZltZuh;%** bfr lw=ks.k [kfj ijs jks% jsiQL; folxsZ izkIrs -------------- -
okfrZde~ &
^^laEiqd
~ kuka lks oDrO;%**A ^le~ iqe~ dku~* bR;s"kka ;% #%] rL; jsiQL; ldkj% Hkofr] u rq foltZuh;%A
v=k lj~ $ LdrkZ] laj~ $ LdrkZ bR;=k le% jsiQL; lokr~] rRLFkkus lRoe~ vusu okfrZdus Hkofr] vr% laLLdrkZ]
laLLdrkZ bfr #i};a fln~/a HkofrA
43
94- iqe% [k;Eijs 8@3@6
vEijs [kf; iqEkks #%A iqLdksfdy%] iqaLdksfdy%A
95- u'NO;iz'kku~ 8@3@7
vEijs Nfo ukUrL; inL; #% L;kr~A
96- foltZuh;L; l% 8@3@34
[kfjA pfL=kk;Lo] pfaL=kk;LoA viz'kku~ fde\iz'kkUruksfrA inkUrL;sfr fde~ \ gfUrA
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
:iys[kuizdkj% &
le~ $ LdrkZ bR;=k eL; êksuqLokj%* bR;uqLokjs izkIrs rRizck; ^^le% lqfV** bfr lw=ks.k le% eL;
#Ros ^vuqcU/yksis p rs lj~ $ LdrkZ bfr fLFkrs ^^v=kkuqukfld% iwoZL; rq ok** bfr lw=ks.k jks% iwoZL;
fodYisu vuqukflds rs i{ks ^^vuqukfldkRijksuqLokj%** bR;usu vuqLokjkxes p rs lj~ $ LdrkZ] laj~ $
LdrkZ bfr fLFkrkS ^^[kjolku;ksfoZltZuh;%** bfr lw=ks.k jsiQL; LFkkus folxsZ izkIrs] rRizck; ^^lEiq~dkuka lks
oDrO;% ^^bfr okfrZdsu jsiQL; ldkjs rs lLLdrkZ] laLLdrkZ bfr :i};a fln~/e~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
lLLdkj%] laLLdkj%A lLLfr%] laLLfr%A (vyj.ke~ bR;FkZ%)
94- iqe% [kf; vEijs bfrPNsn%A [k;~ bfr izR;kgkj%] r=k oxkZ.kka izFkef}rh;k% o.kkZ% HkofUrA
vEizR;kgkjkUrxZrk% o.kkZ% ;fn [k;% ijr% fo|ekuk% L;q%] rkn`'k% [k;~ vEij% bR;qP;rsA vEijs [kf; ijs
iqe~ 'kCnL; edkjL; #Roa Hkofr bfr lw=kk'k;%A
iqe~ $ dksfdy% bR;=k iqe% ijr% dksfdy'kCnL; ddkj% [k;~ fo|rs] rLekPp ij% vksdkj% ve~A
vr% iqe~ 'kCnkr~ ijr% vEijdL; [k;% fo|ekuRokr~ vusu lw=ks.k eL; #Roa fo/h;rs] vU;RloZa lLLdrkZ
bfror~dk;Ze~A
:iys[kuizdkj% &
iqe~ $ dksfdy% bR;=k ^îqe% [k;Eijs** bfr lw=ks.k eL; #Ros vuqcU/yksis iqj~ $ dksfdy% bfr
fLFkrs ^^v=kkuqukfld% iwoZL; rq ok** bfr vuqukflds oSdfYids rs] i{ks ^^vuqukfldkRijksuqLokj%**
bR;uqLokjkxes iqj~ $ dksfdy% iqaj~ $ dksfdy% bfr tkrs] jsiQL; ^^[kjolku;ks** bfr folxsZ izkIrs rEizck;
^^lEiq~dkuka lks oDrO;%** bfr okfrZdsu jsiQL; ldkjs rs iqLdksfdy%] iqaLdksfdy% bfr #i};a fln~/e~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
iqe~ $ pfj=ke~ iq'pfj=ke~] iqa'pfj=ke~A iqe~ $ [kfu=ke~ iqL[kfu=ke~] iqaL[kfu=ke~ bR;knhfuA
95- u% Nfo viz'kku~ bfrPNsn%A vEijds Nfo ijs lfr ukUrL; inL; #% Hkofr] iz'kku~ bfr iznL;
rq uA ^vyksUR;L;* bR;uqlkja ukUrL; inL; vUR;udkjL; bfr iQfyre~A
pfu~ $ =kk;Lo bR;=k ^pfu~* bfr ukUra ine~] rr'p ij% vEijd% No~ ^=k* bfr fo|rsA rkn`'ks
Nfo ijs pfu~ bfr ukUrL; inL; ^^vyksUR;L;** bR;uqlkje~ vUR;L; udkj:iL; vy% LFkkus vusu #Roa
fo/h;rsA rr'p #Roizdj.ks vuqukfldRos vuqLokjkxes jsiQL; folxsZ p rs pf%$=kk;Lo] pfa%$=kk;Lo
bfr fLFkrs foxZL; lRofo/k;da lw=ke~ vkg & ^^foltZuh;L; l%** bfrA
96- [kfj ijs folxZL; LFkkus ldkj% HkofrA

^=kk;Lo* bR;=k rdkj% [kjUrxZr%A rfLeu~ ijs folxZL; vusu ldkj% fo/h;rs pfL=kk;Lo]
pfaL=kk;Lo bfrA
44
97- uUis 8@3@10
ufuR;L; #okZ isA
98- dqIoks% d ikS p 8@3@37
doxsZ ioxsZ p folxZL; d ikS Lr%] pkn~folxZ%A
u ikfg] ua ikfg] u% ikfg] ua% ikfg] uu~ ikfgA
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
#iys[kuizdkj% &
pfu~ $ =kk;Lo bR;=k ^û'NO;iz'kku~** bfr uL; #RosuqcU/yksis iwoZL; vuqukflds] i{ks
vuqLokjkxes ^^[kjolku;ksfoZltZuh;%** jsiQL; p folxsZ rs ^^foltZuh;L; l%** bfr lw=ks.k folxZL; LFkkus
ldkjs rs pfL=kk;Lo] pfaL=kk;Lo bfr :i};a fln~/e~A
fo'ks"k% &
^û'NO;iz'kku~** bfr lw=ks.k iz'kku~ 'kCnL; uL; #Roa u Hkofr] vr% ^viz'kku~* bR;qDra lw=ksA ;fn
lw=ks viz'kku~ bfr fu"ks/% ukHkfo";r~ rnk rq iz'kkUruksfr bR;=kkfi uL; #Rokifk% vkifr";r~A ;fnînkUrL;*
bfr u mP;sr rfgZ vinkUrL; vfi ^gfUr* bfr uL; #Rokifk% Hkosr~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu
fo}ku~ $ pjfr fo}k'pjfr] fo}ka'pjfrA dfLeu~ $ rxkMs dfLeLrMkxs] dfLeaLrMkxsA Hkoku~
$ Nn~eh Hkok'Nn~eh] Hkoka'Nn~ehA iVh;ku~ $ Nk=k% iVh;k'Nk=k%] iVh;ka'Nk=k%A ppqeku~ $ fVV~fVHk%
ppqekf"VV~fVHk%] ppqekaf"VV~fVHk% bR;knhfuA
97- uu~ is bfrPNsn%A is idkjsA idkjs ijs ûu~* bfr inL; ^^vyksUR;L;** bfr ifjHkk"k;k vUR;L;
uL; fodYisu #% Hkofr bfr lw=kk'k;%A
uu~ $ ikfg bR;=k uu~ bfr udkjkRij% îkfg* bR;L; idkj% fo|eku%A vr% vL; uL; vusu #Roa
Hkofr] tkrs p #Ros vuqukflds] vuqLokjkxes p uj~ $ ikfg] uaj~ $ ikfg bR;oLFkk;ka jsiQL; folxsZ lfr u%
ikfg] ua% ikfg bfr fLFkrkS &
98- dq'p iq'p dqiw r;ks% dqIoks%A vFkkZr~ doxsZ ioxsZ p ijs folxZL; e'k% ftkewyh;% miekuh;'p
HkofrA folxZL; folxZ% vfi Hkofr bfr lw=kL; rkRi;Ze~A
u% ikfg] ua% ikfg bR;oLFkk;ka ioxZijRokr~ folxZL; miekuh;% vusu fo/h;rs] folxZL; folxZ%
vfi i{ks HkofrA vr% u ikfg] ua ikfg] u%ikfg] ua%ikfg bfr :iprq"de~A #RokHkkos rq uu~ ikfg bR;fi :ie~A
:iys[kuizdkj% &
uu~ $ ikfg bR;=k ûUis* bfr lw=ks.k ^^vyksUR;L;** bfr ifjHkk"kklgdkjs.k fodYisu uL;
#RosuqcU/yksis p rs uj~$ikfg bfr fLFkrkS] jks% iwoZL; vuqukflds] i{ks vuqLokjkxes p rs
^^[kjolku;ksfoZltZuh;%** bfr lw=ks.k jsiQL; folxsZ u% ikfg] ua% ikfg bR;oLFkk;ka ^^dqIoks% d ikS p** bfr
lw=ks.k folxZL; miekuh;s] i{ks folxZL; folxsZ p rs u ikfg] ua ikfg] u% ikfg] ua% ikfg bfr :ikf.k
fl;fUrA #RokHkkos rq uu~ ikfg bR;fi lk/q% iz;ksx%A
vU;kfu mnkg.kkfu &
uu~ $ izfr u izfr] ua izfr] u% izfr] ua% izfr] uUizfrA uu~$iky;fr] uUizfr"ks/fr bR;knhfuA
45
99- rL; ijekeszsfMre~ 8@1@2
f}#DrL; ijekezsfMra L;kr~A
100- dkukezsfMrs 8@3@12
dkUudkjL; #% L;knkeszsfMrs ijsA dkLdku~] dkaLdku~A
101- Ns p 6@1@72
LoL; Ns rqXokA f'koPNk;kA
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
99- ohIlkFksZ 'kCnL; f}Roa HkofrA r=k f}okje~ mDrL; ;r~ ije~ mkja f}rh;a ok ina Hkofr] rL;
vkezsfMrlaKk HkofrA lw=kfene~ vkezsfMrlaKkfo/k;de~A ;Fkk ohIlk;kaa dku~ bR;L; f}Ros rs ^dku~ dku~*
bfr iz;ksxs ijL; ^dku~* bR;L; vusu vkezsfMrlaKk f;rsA rL;k% laKk;k% v=k fda iz;kstue~ bfr
ftKklk;ke~ o{;rs ^dkukezsfMrs* bfrA
100- dku~ $ vkezsfMrs bfrPNsn%A vkezsfMrs vkezsfMrlaKds ijs iwoZL; dku~ 'kCnL; #Roa HkofrA
rPp ^vyksUR;L;* ifjHkk"k;k udkjL; Hkofr bfr O;oLFkkA vr% o`kkS fyf[kre~ & dkUudkjL; bfrA
dku% udkjL;bfr Hkko%A
dku~ dku~ bfr ohIlk;ka f}Ros ijL; vkezsfMrlaKk;ke~] vkezsfMrs ijs iwoZL; dku% uL; #Ros
vuqukflds] vuqLokjkxes] rs jsiQL; folxsZ izkIrs ^^lEiq~dkuka-** bfr okfrZdsu ldkjs dkLdku~] dkaLdku~
bfrA
:iys[kuizdkj% &
dku~ $ dku~ bR;=k ^^rL; ijekezsfMre~** bfr lw=ks.k ijL; dku~ 'kCnL; vkezsfMrlaKk;ka rk;ka
^^dkukezsfMrs** bfr lw=ks.k ^vyksUR;L;* bfr ifjHkk"kklgdkjs.k iwoZL; dku~'kCnL; udkjL; #Ros vuqcU/
yksis jks% iwoZL; ^^v=kkuqukfld% iwoZL; rq ok** bfr lw=ks.k vuqukflds] i{ks p ^vuqukfldkRijksuqLokj%**
bfr lw=ks.k vuqLokjkxes dkj~ $ dku~] dkaj~ $ dku~ bfr tkrs ^^[kjolku;ksfoZltZuh;%** bfr lw=ks.k jsiQL;
folxsZ izkIrs ra izck; ^^lEiq~dkuka lks oDrO;%** bfr okfrZdsu jsiQL; ldkjs rs dkLdku~] dkaLdku~
bfr }s :is fln~;r%A
101- Ndkjs ijs LoL; vp% ^rqd~* HkofrA v;p fdr~A fdokr~ vp% vUrko;oRosu iz;qT;rsA
f'ko$Nk;k bR;=k Lokr~ vdkjkr~ ij% Ndkj% fo|rs] rfLeu~ Ndkjs ijs LoL; vdkjL;
vUrko;o% rqxkxe% fo/h;rs] rL; p Ndkj;ksxs 'pqRos rs f'koPNk;k bfrA
:iys[kuizdkj% &
f'ko$Nk;k bR;=k ^^Ns p** bfr lw=ks.k ^^vk|UrkS VfdrkS** bfr lgdkjs.k LoL; vdkjL;
vUrko;os rqxkxesuqcU/yksis p rs f'ko r~ Nk;k bfr fLFkrkS ^^Lrks%'pquk 'pq%** bR;usu 'pqRos izkIrs]
rL; vfln~/Rokr~ iwoZa ^^HkQyka t'kksUrs** bfr lw=ks.k t'Rosu rdkjL; ndkjs f'ko n~ Nk;k bfr tkrs
^[kfj p* bfr pRosZ izkIrs] rL;kfi vfln~/Rokr~ iwoZ ^^Lrks% 'pquk 'pq%** bR;usu pqRosu nL; tdkjs rs
f'kot~ Nk;k bfr fLFkrs ^^[kfj p** bR;usu pRosZu tL; pdkjs rs ^f'koPNk;k* bfr :ia fln~/e~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
inPNsn%] o`{kPNk;k] ,dPN=ke~] x`gPNknue~] r`.kPNs|e~ bR;knhfuA
46
902- înkUrkn~ ok 6@1@73
nh?kkZr~ inkUrkPNs rqXokA y{ehPNk;k] y{ehNk;kA
^^bfr gYlfU/%**
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
102- inkUrkr~ nh?kkZr~ Ns ijs oSdfYid% rqd~ HkofrA vFkkZr~ inkUrs ;% nh?kZ% Loj%] rL; vUrko;o%
rqd~ Hkofr Ndkjs ijs lfr bfr lw=kk'k;%A
y{ehPNk;k] y{ehNk;k bfrA y{eh bfr ine~] r=k inkUrs nh?kZ% bZdkj%] rLekPp ij% Nk;k bfr
Ndkj%A rfLeu~ Ndkjs ijs inkUrL; nh?kZL; bZdkjL; vUrko;o% rqd~ vusu fo/h;rsA v;a rqxkxe%
fodYisu Hkofr] vr% i{ks y{ehNk;k bR;fi :ie~A
:iys[kuizdkj% &
y{eh$Nk;k bR;=k ^înkUrkn~ ok** bfr lw=ks.k fodYisu bZdkjL; vUrko;os rqxkxes y{eh$r~$ Nk;k
bfr fLFkrs rdkjL; t'Rosu ndkjs] nL; pqRosu tdkjs]tL; p pRosuZ pdkjs rs y{ehPNk;k bfr :ie~A
rqxHkkos y{ehNk;k bfr :ia fln~/e~A
bfr gy~lfU/%
vH;klkFkZa iz'uk%
oLrqfu"Biz'uk% &
- jkel~ $ 'ksrs bR;=k lfU/;qDra Lo:iefLr
(d) jkeks 'ksrs ([k) jke 'ksrs
(x) jke''ksrs (?k) jkej~ 'ksrs ( )
- ^>yka t'kksUrs* bR;usu inkUrs L;q% &
(d) pj% ([k) gy%
(x) t'k% (?k) ;j% ( )
- vuqukfldlU/s#nkgj.kefLr
(d) jke"Vhdrs ([k) ,rUeqjkfj%
(x) okxh'k% (?k) mRFkkue~ ( )
- ^mRFkkue~* bR;=k lfU/foPNsnksfLr &
(d) mn~ $ LFkkue~ ([k) mn~ $ Fkkue~
(x) mRFk $ Fkkue~ (?k) mn% LFkkue~ ( )
- [kfj >yka L;q%
(d) t'k% ([k) pj%
(x) ;j% (?k) vp% ( )
- >;% ijL; gL; ok Hkofr &
(d) vuqukfld% ([k) ijLo.kZ%
(x) iwoZlo.kZ% (?k) vuqLokj% ( )
- ekUrL; inL;kuqLokjks Hkofr &
(d) [kfj ([k) >fj
(x) vfV (?k) gfy ( )
- ijlo.kZL;ksnkgj.kefLr &
(d) 'kkUr% ([k) okX?kfj%
(x) lezkV~ (?k) gfja oUns ( )
47
- vkn~;Urko;okS Lr% &
(d) ijlo.kZ & iwoZlo.kkZS ([k) vT>ykS
(x) vuqLokjkuqukfldkS (?k) fVfRdrkS ( )
- dqxHkkos :ia Hkofr &
(d) izk~[k~"k"B% ([k) izk~{k"B%
(x) izk~ "k"B% (?k) izk~x~"k"B% ( )
- inkUrL; uL; f'k ijs ok Hkofr &
(d) dqd~ ([k) Vqd~
(x) rqd~ (?k) /qV~ ( )
- ^le% lqfV* bR;usu Hkofr &
(d) rqd~ ([k) lqV~
(x) #% (?k) eqV~ ( )
- f}#DrL; ija Hkofr &
(d) lo.kZlaKe~ ([k) bRlaKe~
(x) vkezsfMr&laKe~ (?k) o`flaKe~ ( )
- 'pqRofo/k;da lw=ka fofy[; rnqnkgj.kkfu ys[;kfuA

- v/ksfrkuka inkuka iz;ksxflf% dk;kZA
iz'u%] okX?kfj%] "kV~lUr%] lqx..kh'k%A
- /qMkxe% dnk Hkofr \ lksnkgj.ka foospuh;e~A
&&&&&&&&&&&&&
48
vFk folxZlfU/%
103- foltZuh;L; l% 8@3@34
[kfjA fo".kqL=kkrkA
104- ok 'kfj 8@3@36
'kfj folxZL; folxksZ okA gfj% 'ksrs] gfj''ksrsA
105- lltq"kks #% 8@2@66
inkUrL; lL; ltq"k'p #%L;kr~A
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
103- [kfj ijs folxZL; l% Hkofr bfr lw=kkFkZ%A
fo".kq% $ =kkrk bR;=k fo".kq% bR;=k ;% folxZ%] rLekr~ ij% =kkrk bfr rdkj% [kj~o.kZ%A vr% vL;
folxZL; LFkkus vusu ldkjkns'k% HkofrA
:iys[kuizdkj% &
fo".kq%$ =kkrk bR;=k ^^foltZuh;L; l** bfr lw=ks.k folxZL; LFkkus ^l~* vkns'ks rs** fo".kqL=kkrk
bfr fln~/e~A
vU;kfu mngk.kkfu &
ckyd% $ fr"BfrckydfLr"Bfr] xkS% $ pjfr xkS'pjfr bR;knhfuA
fo'ks"k % [kj~ izR;kgkjkUrxZrs"kq ds [ks p ijs folxZL; ftkewyh;%] is iQs ijs rq miekuh;% ok HkofrA lw=ka
^^dqIoks% d ikS p**A i{ks folxZL; folxZ% vfiA jke% djksfr] jke djksfrA nsonk% ipfr] nsonk
ipfrA
104- 'kfj izR;kgkjs ijs folxZL; fodYisu folxZ ,o HkofrA i{ks rq 'kj% vfi [kjUrxZrRokr~ ^foltZuhL;
l%* bfr l~ vfi HkofrA
gfj% $ 'ksrs bR;=k folxkZr~ 'kj~ ij% fo|rsA vr% folxZL; vusu folxsZ ^gfj% 'ksr*s bfrA i{ks rq lkns'ks
'pqRos ^gfj''ksrs* bfr :ie~A
:iys[kuizdkj% &
gfj% $ 'ksrs bR;=k ^^foltZuh;L; l%** bfr lw=ks.k folxZL; LFkkus ldkjkns'ks izkIrs] ra izck; ^ôk
'kfj** bfr lw=ks.k fodYisu folxZL; folxsZ ,o rs ^gfj% 'ksrs* bfr :ie~A i{ks rq folxZL; ldkjkns'ks rs
gfjl~$'ksrs bR;oLFkk;ka ^^Lrks%'pquk 'pq%** bfr lw=ks.k lL; 'kdkj;ksxs 'kdkjs rs ^gfj''ksrs* bfr :ia
fln~/e~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
jke% 'k`.kksfr jke''k`.kksfrA inkFkkZ% $ lIr inkFkkZa% lIr] inkFkkZLlIr bR;knhfuA
105- l&ltq"kks% #%A inL; vUrs fLFkrL; lL; rFkk ltq"k~ 'kCnL; vfUreo.kZL; ^"k~* bR;L; #% HkofrA
^f'kol~ $ vP;Z% bR;=k ^f'kol~* bfr ine~ vfLr] vL; vUrs ldkj% fo|eku%] rL; ldkjL; vusu #Roa
fo/h;rsA ^#* bR;L; mdkjL; bRlaKk;ka yskis p j~ bfr f'k";rs bfr ;s;e~A vr% f'koj~ $ vP;Z% bfr tkrs &
49
106- vrks jksjIyqrknIyqrs 6@1@113
vIyqrknr% ijL; jks#% L;knIyqrsfrA f'koksP;Z%A
107- gf'k p 6@1@114
rFkkA f'koks oU|%A
108- HkksHkxksv?kksviwoZL; ;ksf'k 8@3@17
,rRiwoZL; jks;kZns'kksf'kA nsok bg] nsokf;gA
Hkksl~] Hkxksl~ v?kksl~ bfr lkUrk% fuikrk%A rs"kka jks;ZRos rs &
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
106- vr% jks% vIyqrkr~ vIyqrs bfrPNsn%A ^vr%* bR;=k rijRoa re~ vfLr] vr% vdkj% ledkyL;So
v=k xzkgd%A ^vIyqrkr~* bfr ^vr%* bfr inL; fo'ks"k.ke~A lw=kkFkZ%&vIyqrkr~ vdkjkr~ ij% ;% #%] rL; jks% LFkkus
(jks% vof'k"VL; jsiQL; LFkkus) ^m%* Hkofr vIyqrs vdkjs ijs bfrA
f'koj~ (#) $ vP;Z% bR;=k ^f'ko* bfr odkjkskjofrZu% vIyqrkr~ vdkjkr~ ij% #% fo|rs] rL; LFkkus
vusu mRoa Hkofr] ;rks fg rLekr~ jks% ij% vIyqr% vdkj (vP;Z% bfr) fo|rsA vr% f'ko$m$vP;Z% bfr
fLFkfr% tkrk xq.kSdkns'ks iwoZ:is p rs ^f'koksP;Z%* bfrA
:iys[kuizdkj% &
f'kol~ $ vP;Z% bR;=k ^^lltq"kks #%** bfr lw=ks.k lL; LFkkus ^#* vkns'ksuqcU/yksis p rs f'ko$j~
$ vP;Z% bfr fLFkrs ^^vrks jksjIyqrknIyqrs** bfr lw=ks.k jsiQL; ^m* vkns'ks f'ko$m$vP;Z% bfr tkrs ^^vkn~xq.k%**
bfr lw=ks.k iwoZij;ks% vdkj&mdkj;ks% LFkkus xq.kSdkns'ks f'koks$vP;Z% bfr fLFkrkS ^^,M%inkUrknfr** bfr lw=ks.k
iwoZ:iSdkns'ks rs ^^f'koksP;Z%** bfr fln~/e~A
vU;kfu mnkg.kkfu &
jkel~ $ v;e~ jkeks;e~A ll~ $ vfi lksfiA mifLFkrl~ $ vfLe mifLFkrksfLe bR;knhfuA
107- vIyqrkr~ vdkjkr~ ijL; jks% (jsiQL;) mRoa Hkofr gf'k ijs lfr bfr lw=kkFkZ%A g'k~izR;kgkjs ijs bfr
Hkko%Aa
f'kol~$oU|% bR;=k lL; #Ros f'ko j~ (#) $ oU|% bfr fLFkrkS] v;a #% vIyqrkr~ vdkjkr~ ij%
fo|rs] jks% ij'p g'k~ izR;kgkjo.kZ% odkj% vfLr] vr% ^gf'k p* bR;usu mRos f'ko m oU|% bfr tkrs xq.ks
f'koks oU|% bfrA
:iys[kuizdkj% &
^f'koj~$oU|%* bR;=k ^^lltq"kks #%* bfr lw=ks.k lL; #RosuqcU/yksis p rs f'koj~ $ oU|% bfr
tkrs ^^gf'k p** bfr lw=ks.k jks% LFkkus mRos rs lfr f'ko m oU|% bfr fLFkrs ^^vkn~ xq.k%** bfr lw=ks.k
xq.kSdkns'ks ^f'koksoU|%* bfr :ia fln~/e~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
Nk=kl~ $ xPNfr Nk=kks xPNfrA ckydl~ $ glfr bR;knhfuA
108- Hkks Hkxks v?kks viwoZL; ;% vf'k bfrPNsn%A Hkks iwoZL;] HkxksiwoZL; v?kksiwoZL;] vdkj% iwoZ%
;Lekr~] rL; viwoZL; jks% ;dkjkns'k% Hkofr vf'k v'k~izR;kgkjo.ksZ ijsA
nsokl~ $ bg bR;=k lL; #Ros rs nsokj~ $ bg bfr fLFkrkS vdkjiwoZdL; jks% (jsiQL;) vusu lw=ks.k
;dkj% fo/h;rs] ;rks fg vLekr~ jks% ij% v'k~o.kZ% bdkj% fo|rsA vr% nsok;~ $ bg bfr fLFkfr% tkrk &
rr'p ;yksi%A
50
109- gfy losZ"kke~ 8@3@22
HkksHkxksv?kksviwoZL; ;L; yski% L;kn~/fyA Hkks nsok%A
Hkxks ueLrsA v?kks ;kfgA
110- jkslqfi 8@3@39
vks jsiQkns'kks u rq lqfiA vgjg%A vgxZ.k%A
111- jks fj 8@3@14
jsiQL; jsiQs ijs yksi%A
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
:iys[kuizdkj% &
nsokl~ $ bg bR;=k ^^lltq"kks #%** bfr lw=ks.k lL; #RosuqcU/yksis nsokj~ $ bg bfr fLFkrkS ^^Hkks
Hkxksv?kksviwoLZ ; ;ksf'k** bfr lw=ks.k jsiQL; LFkkus ^;~* vkns'ks rs nsok;~ $ bg bfr tkrs ^^yksi% 'kkdY;L;**
bfr lw=ks.k fodYisu ;~yksis nsok bg bfr :ie~A ;yksikHkkos nsokf;g bfr :ie~A nsok bg bR;=k xq.k% rq u Hkofr]
;yksiL; xq.kn`"V~;k vfln~/Rokr~A
fo'ks"k% Hkksl~ Hkxksl~ v?kksl~ bfr ldkjkUrk% fuikrk% lfUr] ,"kka izR;sda lL; #Ros Hkksj~ Hkxksj~ v?kksj~ bR;oLFkk;ka
izR;sda jks% HkksHkxksv?kksiwoZRokr~ vusu lw=ks.k ;dkjs rs Hkks;~] Hkxks;~ v?kks;~ bfr fLFkrsA
101- HkksiwoZL; HkxksiwoZL; v?kksiwoZL; vdkjiwoZL; p ;dkjL; yski% Hkofr gfy O;tus o.ksZ ijs bfr
losZ"kka ere~A
Hkks;~ $ nsok] Hkxks;~ $ ueLrs] v?ksk;~ $ ;kfg bR;knkS ,rRiwoZdL; ;dkjL; vusu yksi% HkofrA vr%
Hkks nsok%A Hkxks ueLrsA v?kks ;kfg bfr iz;ksxk%A
:iys[kuizdkj% &
Hkksl~ $ nsok% bR;=k ^^lltq"kks #% $ bfr lw=ks.k lL; #RosuqcU/yksis Hkksj~ $ nsok% bfr tkrs
^^HkksHkxksv?kskviwoZL; ;ksf'k** bfr lw=ks.k jks% ;dkjs rs Hkks;~ $ nsok bfr tkrs ^^gfy losZ"kke~** bfr lw=ks.k
;yksis rs Hkks nsok% bfr fln~/e~A ,oeso Hkxks ueLrs] v?kks ;kfg bR;k|fi Ks;e~A
110- j% vlqfi bfrPNsn%A ^vgu~* bR;L; jsiQkns'k% Hkofr] lqfi ijs rq u Hkofr] vr% lqfCHkUus ijs bfr
iQfyre~A ^^vyksUR;L;** bfr ifjHkk"k;k vUR;L; vy% uL; jsiQkns'k% bfr fu""V% vFkZ%A
vgu~ $ vg% bR;=k ^vgu~* bfr iwoZine~A rr% ij% lqi~ ukfLr] vfirq lqfCHkUu% ^vg%* bfr'kCn%A
vr% uL; jsiQkns'k% vgj~ $ vg% vgjg% bfrA ,oeso vgu~ $ x.k% vgj~ $ x.k vgxZ.k% bfrA
:iys[kuizdkj% &
vgu~ $ vg% bR;=k ^^jkslqfi** bfr lw=ks.k ^vyksUR;L;** bfr ifjHkk"kklgdkjs.k vUR;L; udkjL;
jsiQkns'ks vgj~ $ vg% bR;oLFkk;ka o.kZ lEesyus ^vgxZ.k%* bfr fln~/e~A
111- j% fjA j% bfr ^j~* bR;L; "k"B~;d

s opue~A fj bfr lIrE;sdopue~A jdkjs ijs iwoLZ ; jdkjL; yksi% Hkofr
bfr lw=kkFkZ%A
51
112- <yksis iwoZL; nh?kksZ.k% 6@3@111
<jsiQ;ksyksiZ fufek;ks% iwoLZ ;k.kks nh?kZ%A iquk jersA gjh jE;%A 'kEHkw jktrsA v.k% fde~ \ r`<%A o`<%A eul~
jFk bR;=k #Ros rs gf'k psR;qRos jks jhfr yksis p izkIrs &
113- foizfr"ks/s ija dk;Ze~ 1@4@2
rqY;cyfojks/s ija dk;Za L;kr~A bfr yksis izkIrsA iwoZ=kkfln~/fefr jksjhR;L;kfln~/RoknqRoesoA euksjFk%A
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
mnkgj.kL; fo'ys"k.ke~
iquj~$jers bR;=k jsiQs ijs iwoZL; jsiQL; yksi% Hkofr] vr% iqu$jers bfr fLFkfr%A (gfjl~ & #Ros)
gfjj~ $ jE;%] ('kEHkql~&) 'kEHkqj~ $ jktrs bR;=kkfi jsiQs ijs iwoZL; jsiQL; yksi% HkofrA bRFka iqu$jers] gfj$
jE;%] 'kEHkq$ jktrs v=k jsiQL; yksi% tkr%] rL; p jsiQL; yksifufekefi jsiQ ,o] l p fufek:i% jsiQ%
lEizfr ijr% fo|eku% vfLrA vr% fo'ks"kdk;Za n'kZ;u~ vkg & ^<yksi-* bfrA
112- <yksi bfr & <~ p j~ p bfr <k]S <kS yksi;fr bfr <yksi%] rfLeu~ <yksiAs vr% <yksifufeks <dkjs ijs]
jsiQyksifufeks p jdkjs ijs iwoLZ ; v.k% (v b m bfr o.kZ=k;L;) nh?kZ% HkofrA vFkkZr~ ^jks fj* bR;usu ;% jsiQyksi%]
rL; fufeka ijr% fLFkr jsiQ% ,o Hkofr] <yksiksfi <dkjs ijs ,o Hkofr (^<ks <s yksi%* bfr lw=ke~)A rkn`'ks
<dkjL; jsiQL; p yksifufeks e'k% <dkjs jsiQs p ijs iwoZL; v.k% nh?kZfo/kua Hkofr bR;k'k;%A
iqu $ jers] gfj $ jE;%] 'kEHkq $ jktrs bR;=k jsiQyksifufekL; jsiQL; ijRokr~ iwoZL; v.k% e'k%
vdkjL;] bdkjL;] mdkjL; p nh?kZRoe~ vusu lw=ks.k fo/h;rsA vr% iquk jers] gjh jE;% 'kEHkw jktrs bfr
iz;ksxk%mii|UrsA
:iys[kuizdkj% &
gfjl~ $ jE;% bR;=k ^^lltq"kks #%** bfr lw=ks.k lL; #RosuqcU/yksis gfjj~ $ jE;% bfr fLFkrs ^^jks
fj** bfr lw=ks.k jsiQs ijs iwoZL; jsiQL; yksis rs gfj$jE;% bfr tkrs ^^<yksis iwoZL; nh?kksZ.k%** bfr lw=ks.k
jsiQyksifufeks jsiQs ijs iwoZL; bdkj:iL; v.k% nh?ksZ rs gjh jE;% bfr fln~/e~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
vUrj~ $ jkf"V;% vUrkjkf"V;%A vUrj~ $ jkT;e vUrkjkT;e~A izkrk jktrsA nq"VkHkh jk{klhfHk%A
<yksiL; rq & fy<~ $ <% yh<%A m<~ $ <% <% bR;knhfuA
iz'u% ^<yksis-* bR;=k v.k% nh?kZ% Hkofr bfr fdeFkZe~ mDre~ \ bfr iz'us vkg & r`<%A o`<%A vFkkZr~ ;fn
v.k~ bfr u mP;sr rfgZ r`<~ $ <%] o`<~ $ <% bR;=k <dkjyksis lfr <yksifufeks ijs iwoZL; dkjL; vfi
nh?kZRoa izkIuksfrA ^v.k%* bfr dFkus rq] u Hkofr r=k nh?kZ%] dkjL; v.RokHkkokr~ bfr mkje~A eul~$jFk%
bR;=k lL; ^^lltq"kks #%** bfr #RosuqcU/yksis euj~$jFk% bR;=k g'ijRokr~** gf'k p** bfr lw=ks.k jks% mRoL;
izkfIr%] ^jks fj* bR;usu p iwoZjsiQyksiL; izkfIr% ;qxir~ HkofrA r=k drjr~ dk;Z iwoZa dj.kh;e~ \ bfr O;oLFkka
lEikn;u~ vkg ^^foizfr"ks/s-** bfr &
113- foizfr"ks/-s rqY;cyfojks/s ija dk;Za L;kr~A vU;=kkU;=k dk;kZ; ;kH;ka lw=kkH;ke~ volj% izkIr% ,rkn`'kdk;Z
fo/k;d;ks% lw=k;ks% ,d=k ;qxiRizkfIr% rqY;cyfojks/% mP;rsA rkn`'ks izls ikf.kfurlw=kikBkis{ka ijofrZ lw=ka iwoaZ izorZrs
bfr O;oLFkkA
mnkgj.ks lfr% &
euj~ jFk% bR;=k ^gf'k p* bR;L; ^jks fj* bR;L; rqY;cy;ks% fojks/% ltkr%A r=k ,rsu lw=ks.k
ijdk;Za L;kr~ bfr fufnZ"Ve~A v=k ^jks fj* bfr fg ^gf'k p* bR;is{k;k ijlw=ke~A vr% ^jks fj* bfr iwoZL;
52
114- ,rknks% lqyksiksdksjuk~lekls gfy 6@1@132
vddkj;ksjsrknks;Z% lqLrL; yksiks gfy] u rq uleklsA
,"k fo".kq%A l 'kEHkq%A vdks% fde~ \ ,"kdks #nz%A
vulekls fde~ \ vl% f'ko%A gfy fde~~ \ ,"kks=kA
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
jsiQL; yksis izkIrs & vkg & îwo=Z kkfln~/e~-* bfrA jks fj* bR;L; =kSikfndRokr~ ^gf'k p* bfr liknlIrk;k;hLFka
izfr vfln~/Rokr~ iwoZa ^gf'k p* bR;L;So izo`fk% rsu eu $ m $ jFk% bR;=k xq.ks euksjFk% bfrA
:iys[kuizdkj% &
eul~ $ jFk% bR;=k ^^lltq"kks #%** bfr lw=ks.k lL; #RosuqcU/yksis p rs êuj~ jFk%* bR;oLFkk;ka
^^jks fj** bR;usu iwoZL; jsiQL; yskis ^gf'k p* bR;usu mRos p izkIrs ^^foizfr"ks/s ija dk;Ze~** bfr O;oLFkkuqlkja
ijRokr~ ^jks fj* bR;usu yksis izkIrs ^îwoZ=kkfln~/e~** bfr U;k;kr~ ^gf'k p* bfr lw=kn`"V~;k jksjhfr =kSikfndL;
vfln~/Rokr~ mRos rs êu$m$jFk%* bfr tkrs ^vkn~xq.k%* bR;usu lw=ks.k ^vks* xq.ks ,dkns'ks rs êuksjFk%*
bfr :ia fln~/e~A
114- ,rr~rnks% lqyksi% vdks% vulekls gfy bfrPNsn%A vdks% ddkjjfgr;ks%] ,rr~rnks% ,rr~]
rr~ bfr 'kCn;ks% ;% izFkeSdopus lqizR;;%] rL; (lks% lL;) yksi% Hkofr gfy ijs] u rq uleklsA
loZuke'kCnkuka Vs% izkd~ LokFksZ vdp~izR;;% HkofrA ;=k ,rknks% loZuke'kCn;ks% vdp~ u Hkofr] rkn`'kkS ,rkS
ddkjjfgrkS Hkor%A rkH;ka ij% ;% lqizR;;%] rL; gfy ijs yksi% Hkofr] ijUrq ulekls u Hkofr bfr
lw=kk'k;%A
,"kl~ $ fo".kq%] ll~ $ 'kEHkq% bR;=k ddkjjfgrkS ,rknkS orsZrs] rkH;ka ijL; lqizR;;L; yksi% Hkofr]
;rks fg] O;tuo.kZ% (gy~) rkH;ka ij% fo|rsA uleklxrkS vfi ,rkS 'kCnkS v=k u Lr%A vr% ,"k fo".kq%]
l 'kEHkq% bfr iz;ksx% HkofrA
:iys[kuizdkj% &
,"kl~ $ fo".kq% bR;=k gYijRokr~ ddkjjfgrkr~ ,rr~'kCnkr~ ijL; lqiRz ;;L; ^^,rknks% lqyksiksdksjulekls
gfy** bfr lw=ks.k yksis rs] ,"k fo".kq% bfr :ia fln~/e~A ll~ $ 'kEHkq% bR;=k lqyksis l 'kEHkq% bfrA
iz'u% &
vdks% fde~ \ ,"kdks #nz%A ;fn ddkjjfgr;ks% bfr u mP;sr rfgZ ddkjlfgrL; ^,"kdl~ $ #nz%*
bR;=k ,rr~'kCnL; vfi lqizR;;L; yksikifk% L;kr~A vdks% bfr dFkus rq uSo lqyksi%] vL; ddkjlfgrRokr~A
vulekls fde~ \ vl% f'ko%A ;fn ulekls u izfrf"k;sr rfgZ vll~ $ f'ko% bR;=k uleklxrL; rr~
'kCnL; vfi lqyksikifk% L;kr~A rs r=k fu"ks/s rq u lqyksi%A ;fn ^gfy* bfr u mP;sr rfgZ vPijL;kfi
lqyksikifk% Hkosr~] rFkk lfr ,"kks=k bfr u fln~;srA ^gfy* bfr dFkus rq vL; vPijdRokUu lqyksi%
bfr Hkko%A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
,"k /eZ% lukru%A ,"k jke%A l /kofrA l d% bR;knhfuA
53
115- lksfp yksis psRikniwj.ke~ 6@1@134
ll~ bR;L; lksyksZi% L;knfp] ikn'psYyksis lR;so iw;sZrA lsekefoM~f<izHk`fre~A lS"k nk'kjFkh jke%A
AA bfr folxZlfU/%AA
AA bfr iplfU/izdj.ke~AA
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
115- l% vfp yksis psr~ ikniwj.ke~ bfrPNsn%A ^l%* bfr inL; izFkeSdopus lqizR;;L; vfp ijsfi
yksi% Hkofr] ;fn i|L; ikniwfrZ% lqyksis rs ,o L;kr~A ;fn foukfi yksia ikniwfrZ% laHkok] rnk rq lqyksi%
u Hkofr bfr iQfyre~A
^ll~$bekefoM~f<izHk`fre~* bR;=k ;fn lqyksi% u f;sr rfgZ lL; #Ros ^Hkks Hkxks-* bfr ;Ros ^yksi%
'kkdY;L;* bfr ;yksis ;yksiL; iwoZ=kkfljhR;k vfln~/Rokr~ xq.kkHkkon'kk;ka] ^ll~ ,"k nk'kjFkh jke%* bR;=k
p mDrjhR;k o`n~;Hkkon'kk;ka ,dsu vf/dsu v{kjs.k ikniwfrZ% u HkofrA vuq"Vqi~NUnfl v"VkS o.kkZ% izfrikne~
vis{;UrsA lqyksis rs rq rL; vfln~/Roa u Hkofr] vr% xq.kkns'k%] o`n~;kns'k'p laHko%A rFkk lfr
^lsekefoM~f<izHk`fre~* bR;soa ^^lS"k nk'kjFkh jke%** bR;sop ikniwfrZ% HkofrA vr% v=k lks% yksi% HkofrA
:iys[kuizdkj% &
^ll~ $ ,"k nk'kjFkh jke%* bR;=k i|L; ikniwR;ZFkZa vfp ijs vfi ^^lksfpyksis psRikniwj.ke~** bfr
lw=ks.k ^l%* bR;L; lksyksZis rs ^l$,"k-* bfr tkrs ^ô`fn~/jsfp** bfr lw=ks.k o`n~;Sdkns'ks rs ^^lS"k nk'kjFkh
jke%** bfr okD;a fln~/e~A
vU;kfu mnkgj.kkfu &
lS"k nk'kjFkh jke%] lS"k jktk ;qf/f"Bj%A lS"k d.kksZ egknkuh] lS"k Hkheks egkcy%AA lS"kLrq fyf[kr%
1
xzUFk%A lfU/% o.kZlU/kue~A r=k ds iplU/;% \ bfr iz'us&vp~lfU/%] gy~lfU/%] folxZlfU/'p bfr =k;%
lU/;% rq izfln~/k%A prqFkZ% LokfnlfU/%A vPlU/kS izfrHkkoL; i`Fkxzwis.k fu:firRokr~ izfrHkko% ipe%
lfU/ bfr fo}kl% vkgq%A
vH;klkFkZa iz'uk%
oLrqfu"B iz'uk% &

- ^fo".kqL=kkrk* inL; lfU/foPNsnksfLr &
(d) fo".kq"k~ $ =kkrk ([k) fo".kq% $ =kkrk
(x) fo".kq $ =kkrk (?k) fo".kks $ =kkrk ( )
- ^^lltq"kks #%** bfr lw=ks.k Hkofr &
(d) l% ([k) ltq"k%
(x) #% (?k) vkxe% ( )
- ^f'koksP;Z%* bR;L; lfU/foPNsnksfLr &
(d) f'kok% $ vP;Z% ([k) f'ko $ vP;Z%
(x) f'koksl~ $ vP;Z% (?k) f'kol~ $ vP;Z% ( )
- jsiQL; yksiks Hkofr &
(d) f}jsiQs ijs ([k) lqfi ijs
(x) jsiQs ijs (?k) gf'k ijs ( )
54
- êuksjFk%* bR;=k lfU/foPNsnksfLr
(d) eulk $ jFk% ([k) eul~ jFk%
(x) euks% $ vFk% (?k) euj~ $ vFk% ( )
- foizfr"ks/s dk; L;kr~ &
(d) vfln~/a ([k) fln~/a
(x) iwo (?k) ija ( )
- ^^foltZuh;L; l%** bfr lw=ka lksnkgj.ka O;k[;s;e~A

- ^^gf'k ps** fr lw=kL;kFkksZ ys[;%A
- fuEukfrinkuka llw=ka flf% dk;kZA
gfj% 'ksrs] f'koksP;Z%] vgjg%] iquk jers
- v/ksfyf[krkuka inkuka lfU/% dk;Z%A
nsokl~ $ bg] Hkksl~ nsok%] gfjl~ jE;%] ll~ $ 'kEHkq%A
55
iz;ksxkFkkZ%
vPlfU/%
lq~;qikL;% fo}kuksa ds mikluh;
eofj% ê/q* uked nSR; ds 'k=kq (Hkxoku fo".kq)
/kR=ka'k% czk dk va'k
ykfr% ^y`* ds leku Vs<h vkfrokyk (".k)
gj;s gfj ds fy,
fo".kos fo".kq ds fy,
uk;d% usrk] iz/ku
ikod% ifo=kdkkZ ;k vfXu
xO;e~ xkS dk fodkj] nqX/] nf/] ?k`r] xksew=k] xkscj vkfnA
ukO;e~ ukSdk ls mrjus ;ksX; ty
xO;wfr% nks dksl
misUnz% bUnz ds NksVs HkkbZ (okeu Hkxoku~)
xkns de~ xk dk ty
".kfZ% ".k dh le`f
roYdkj% rsjk y`dkj
gj bg gs gfj! ;gk
fo".k bg gs fo".kq! ;gk
".kSdRoe~ ".k dh ,drk
xkS?k% xk dk izokg
nsoS'o;Ze~ nsorkvksa dk ,s'o;Z
".kkSRd.B~;e~ ".k dh mRd.Bk
miSfr ikl vkrk gS
miS/rs lehi c<+rk gSA
iz"BkSg% iz"Bokgdk (fl[kkus ds fy;s ftlds xys es dk"B
ck/ nsrs gSa] ,sls cNMs dks îz"BokV~* dgrs gSaA
misr% lehi vk;k gqvk] ;qDr
ek Hkoku~ izsfn/r~ vki vf/d u c<kosa
v{kkSfg.kh lsuk & fo'ks"k
izkSg% vf/d rdZ ;k mke rdZ djus okyk
izkS<% prqj] v/sM
izkSf<% izk<S rk
izS"k% izjs .kk
izS";% ukSdj
lq[kkrZ% lq[k ls izkIr gqvk] lq[kh
ijerZ% ije izkIr] eqDr
oRlrjk.kZe~ cNMs dk .k
dEcyk.kZe~ dEcy dk .k
oluk.kZe~ oL=k dk .k
.kk.kZe~ .k pqdkus dk .k
izk.kZe~ vf/d .k
n'kk.kZ% nl fdys okyk ns'k
56
izkPNZfr vf/d pyrk gSA
izt
s rs vf/d dkirk gSA
miks"kfr tykrk gSa
'kdU/q% 'kd ns'k dk dwi
ddZU/q% cnj iQy (cSj)
euh"kk cqf
ekrZ.M% lw;Z
f'kok;ksa ue% f'koth dks ueLdkj
f'kosfg gs f'ko! vkb;s
nSR;kfj% nSR;ksa dk 'k=kq (fo".kq)
Jh'k% y{ehifr (fo".kq)
gksrdj% gksrk dk dkj
gjso gs gfj! j{kk djks
fo".kkso gs fo".kq! j{kk djks
xksvxze~ xkS dk vxz Hkkx
xfo xkS esa
xosUnz% xksLokeh
vkxPN ".k3 v=k xkS'pjfr gs ".k! vkb, ;gk xkS pjrh gSA
gjh ,rkS ;s nksuksa gfj (flag) gSaA
fo".kw bekS ;s nksuksa fo".kq gSaA
xs vew ;s nksuksa xk, gSaA
veh bZ'kk% ;s vf/ifr gSaA
jke".kkoew vklkrs ;s cyjke vkSj Jh".k cSBs gSaA
veqds=k ;s ;gk gSa
b bUnz% vjs! ;g bUnz gSA
m mes'k% D;k ;g mes'k gSaA
vk ,oa uq eU;ls D;k rqe ,slk ekurs gks \
vk ,oa fdy rr~ vjs ;g og gSA
vks".ke~ dqN xeZ
vgks bZ'kk% vgks ;s vf/ifr gSaA
fo".kks bfr gs fo".kq! ,slk
fdEoqDre~ D;k dgk \
pf v=k fo".kq ;gk gSA
xkS;kSZ nks xkSjh
okI;'o% okih esa ?kksM+k
czf"kZ% cz f"k] of'k"B
vkPNZr~ pyk x;kA
gy~lfU/%
jke''ksrs jke lksrs gSaA
jkef'puksfr Jh jke pqurs gSa
lfPpr~ lr~ vkSj KkuLo:i
'kkfZt; gs Hkxou~! vkidh t; gksA
57
fo'u% fopyuk ;k xfr fo'ks"k
iz'u% iwNukA
jke""k"B% jke NBk gSA
jke"Vhdrs jke vkrk gSA
is"Vk ihlus okyk
rV~Vhdk og Vhdk
pf.<kSdls gs p/kjh! vki tkrs gSaA
"kV~ lUr% N% lRiq#"k
"kV~rs os N%
bZVV~ s Lrqfr djrk gSA
lfiZ"Vee~ lcls vPNk ?k`r
"k..kke~ Ng iq#"kksa dk
"k..kofr% fN;kuos (96)
"k..kx;Z% N% uxfj;k
lU"k"B% NBk Js"B gSA
okxh'k% c`gLifr
,rUeqjkfj% ;s Hkxoku~ eqjkjh gSaA
rUek=ke~ dsoy mruk
fpUe;e~ Kku:i
rYy;% mlesa yhu gksuk
fo}kfYy[kfr if.Mr fy[krk gSA
mRFkkue~ mUufr] mBuk
mkEHkue~ vojks/
okX?kfj% cksyus esa 'ksj
rfPNo% og f'ko
rPN~yksdsu ml 'yksd ls ;k mldh dhfrZ ls
gfja oUns gfj dks eSa ueLdkj djrk gwA
;'kkafl cgqr ls ;'k
vkaL;rs vke.k djsxk
eU;rs ekurk gS
'kkUr% 'kkUr
vfr% fpfr
vfpr% iwftr ;k xr
dqf.Br% #dk gqvk
nkUr% ftrsfUnz;
xqfEiQr% xqaFkk gqvk
Roa djksf"k rqe djrs gks
loRlj% o"kZ (laor~)
lezkV~ jktk
fda y;fr D;k pyk;k tkrk gS \
fda % dy D;k Fkk \
fda y;fr D;k pyk;k tkrk gS \
fda kn;fr dkSu oLrq izlUu djrh gS \
fda qrs D;k fNikrk gS \
izk~[k~"k"B% NBk iwftr gS
58
lqx.k~"k"B% NBk xf.krK gS
lURl% og lRiq#"k gS
lNEHkq% 'kEHkq lo:i gS
izR;~kRek vUrjkRek] thokRek
lqx..kh'k% vPNs xf.krKksa dk bZ'k
lUuP;qr% Hkxoku~ vP;qr lRLo:i gS
laLdrkZ laLdkj djus okyk
iqaLdksfdy% iq#"kdksfdy (dks;y)
pfL=kk;Lo gs p/kfju~] fo".kks j{kk djks
iz'kkUruksfr 'kkUr iq#"k foLrkj djrk gS
gfUr ekjrk gS
u ikfg euq";ksa dh j{kk djks
dkLdku~ fdu fdu dks
f'koPNk;k f'ko dh Nk;k
y{ehPNk;k y{eh dh Nk;k ;k 'kksHkk
folxZlfU/%
fo".kqL=kkrk Jhfo".kq j{kd gS
gfj''ksrs gfj lksrs gSa
f'koksP;Z% f'ko iwtuh; gSa
f'koks oU|% f'ko oUnuh; gSaA
nsok bg nsork ;gk
Hkks nsok% gs nsoksa
Hkxks ueLrs gs Hkxou~! vkidks ueLdkj gSA
v?kks ;kfg vki tkb;s
vgjg% izfrfnu
vgxZ.k% fnu lewg
iquk jers fiQj [ksyrk gS
gjh jE;% gfj je.kh; gS
'kEHkw jktrs 'kEHkq 'kksfHkr gSa
r`<% m|r] rS;kj gqvk
euksjFk% bPNk
,"k fo".kq% ;g fo".kq Hkxoku~ gS
l 'kEHkq% og 'kEHkq Hkxoku~ gSA
,"kdks #nz% ;g Hkxoku~ #nz gSA
vl% f'ko% og f'ko ugha gSA
,"kks=k ;g ;gk gSA
lsekefofM~< izHk`fre~ bls nsus esa vki leFkZ gSaA vki gesa b"k izHk`fr iz"V
/kj.kk izkIr djkosaA
lS"k nk'kjFkh jke% ;s os n'kjFk ds iq=k Jhjke gSaA
bfr folxZlfU/%
bfr iplfU/izdj.ke~
59
i|&ikBk%
U
U
-flES - S U S U fll U
fl, p flfl U U U , flE-fl-
flU flEfl-fl S fl U fl fl
fl U SU- fl, USU fl fl
S U h NU UU flU S
fl -flU, --flUU, flfl-Sflfl-U flfl-SflMU
fl UUNU U , , m, , --,
U fl fl U % fl UM - flZ r ,
fl U fl EU U fl A U U
fl fll S S fl fl S-- S -M, flfl-
fl fl fl fl, flc fl, r fl, h fl, fl, fl, U fl,
U fl, U fl fl fl UEU VU
S S U fl fl S
S US U fllU0 U SU flU U S flS U Sfl
SS cU U fl
-
fl U,
UEU
flfl,
r flHvH
flfl (UEU) U fl , , E
U fl r- fl-
( fl - U fl)
fl fl fl,
flcfl flcU Sfl
hSU h,
H wH
flfl fl fl flcfl flc Sfl h U
h (h h , U ), - - (Sfl)-
( fl -- fl)
S U,
Sfl
U,
fl UmH xH
fl- + U () S , ( ) U (),
Sfl , , - m fl, (fll)

60
{ -flU {
v. S fl UEUS flfl-U fl -
fl (UEU) -
= EU fl=flQ , flUU S fl Z
( ) = , fl-flCU,
U= , U = CUU, U, -UU
fl=flfl, fl- =fl, flU fl =fl, fl fl
UE = flfl, Qfl fl U= fl, , fl
fl r- fl -
fl = fl - -fl, fl -- , fl S fl = E U ,
U fl r-=r mU fl fl=VU, UU,
fl fl
w. S U fl -
fl fl fl -
= EU, U fl fl= fl-, flS U fl
fl = fl--mU fl= , UQfl fl, UU (
U- )
flcfl flc Sfl -
flcfl= flc U, flcfl-U fl = UEU flc =
flc- mU Sfl= , U,
h h U -
h h hflS U, h fl h flS
U, fl ( EU ) h = h- mU U =
U- mU fl U- U fl fl
- - - (Sfl)-
= -fl, fl fl Lfl-fl-U-
, S U -- = --- U
fl fl
x. S o EUS flfl--U fl -
+ U S , U - =EU
, U Sfl, , , fl U-Sfl,
flE = S=S A fl - A
= , fl U=U-A, -A fl
() Sfl , , -
( EU) Sfl =Sfl mU, =QM
= M fl M () = h, DU, S, hfl
= fl, U,
m fl (fll) -
= EU, flfl, --U m= , =EU,
U, UEU fl fl = flflCU, fl fll flfl-
UQ EU fl S fl S M flSS
-M fl

61
-flSU
v. Ufl -
- U- UU p VUU DU
v. fl U fl?
() ()
() r () UE- ()
w. U UE U?
() fl ()
() () h ()
x. h EU flQ fl?
() UE () flc
() U () h ()
y. fl fl?
() flcfl () fl
() fl () ()
z. - EU-Z fl?
() fl ()
() fl () flc ()
{. flfl- ?
() U () fl
() U () ()
|. M U U fl?
() fl () fl
() fl fl () # fl ()
w. U -
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v. fl?
w. U fl EU A U?
x. fl-S ?
y. fl U ?
z. fl ?
{. flc U A U?
|. h EUS fl?
}. - EU - fl?
~. m-S ?
U -
- UQ UU
v. fl fl? fl SCU
w. fl, flcfl, h - EUS fl?
x. fl Um S flU
-
- UQ UU oA
v. - - U ?
w. - ?
x. EU fl S U flfl-U U?
62
U-fl
-U
fl + fl = flflfl, Ufl, flM
U + = U - fl fl
fl + = fl - fl, fl
+ fl = fl - SflU,
flcfl + flc = flcfl flcfl fl
flc + flcU - fl L fl
h + = hS -fl fl
+ U = U - SflU, fl
U + = U - , Umfl (UU)
+ = - SflU,
S + = S - SflU,
Sfl + = Sfl - SflU, fl
+ = - SflU,
+ = - SflU,
+ U = U - , fl
+ = - fl fl
+ fl = fl - fl fl
+ m = Um - fl L fl
-U
- ( + `) , U-L
flfl L
h- h mm
U- U DUL
m- S m S UflU
--U
flfl + U (h-) XU-Ufl
flfl + XU-Ufl
flfl + XU-Ufl
flcfl- flc + XU-Ufl
h- h + XU-Ufl
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U- + () . m. . fl.
fl- ()+ U U + fl + U () .m. . fl.
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Sfl- S + U U, L Ufl
flfl + U U + , U U LUfl
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63
f}rh;% ikB%
U-
-fl-US flS fl UU U
VU S UUUS Uflfl S U (U) UflS UU-U
U fl S -S p U U - U S , U
S UU-U flU S fl, UU fl-
UflS U- S U US UU L UEUS
fl fl U-U -UU U DU- UflS U
ScU fl
flUS U U fl fl fl fl U
CUfl U U flU UU- Ufl S fl
U U fl U fl fl fl , fl fl- A
U flm mU S U S
UU
Lp Uflp, U U !
UflS U , U HvH
fl- U ! L Ufl U ( fl) UflS U U
flmS , ,
cS US, US HwH
UCUflUU
fl L SHxH
U#US U fl
r QS HyH
flfl + flS , US , ()
(S) cS U S C U fl U U () - U fl ,
U#S, US ,fl QS (S) (p) r

S hfl
UU fl fl mHzH
flfl UU (Ufl) h fl, S
m () fl
S flQS U
flQ S, fl UU SUH{H
64
fl- U ! flQS S (S E) ( ) UU SU
( Ufl) flQ () S fl
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66
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67
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69
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70
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71
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73
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74
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87
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88
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g_mg-ZrMJm=ZrM JN>VroV$& XwKf=XwI{Z KV{ BoV XwKf, V_$& Z[_=ZZ [mVroV Z[,
V_$&
gpYodN>{X- -odd=odm+Ed$& g_wo_d=g_w_+Bd$&
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NX-
odm XXmoV odZ odZ odZodZ mmoV [mVm_ $ &
[mdmX YZ_mZm{ o V YZmX Y_ VV gw I _ $ &&&&6$&&&&
g-
g-bm{H{$ odd H{$db gdodYgwI gmYZ_pV$&
Ad
Ad--odm odZ XXmoV, odZmV [mVm moV, [mdmV YZ_AmZm{oV, YZmX Y_(H$am{oV)VV
gwI_ (mZm{oV)$&
m
m m-
m-odm-emmoXkmZ_ , odZ_ =odZ_ Vm_ , XXmoV=N> o V, odZmV = Z_ dmV ,
[mVm_=gOZVm_ , moV=mZm{ o V, [mdmV =m{ dmV , YZ_ = E{ dmo XH$_ , AmZm{o V=b^V{,
YZmV = AW V , Y_ _ = Ymo_ H $H $ _ , (H$am{ o V=g[mXoV) VV=Ymo_ H $H $ mZVa_ ,
gwI_=gdodYmZwHy$bd_, (mZm{oV=b^V{)
gabmW--Bh bm{H${ odm [wf{m{ odZ XXmoV, odZmV g[md-_mmoV, VVm{ YZ b^V{, YZmX
Y_m} OmV{, Y_m gdodYgwI_ AmmoV$&
mH aU_ -
mH$aU_
gpYodN>X{ --odZmmoV=odZmV+moV$&[mdmXYZ_mZm{oV= [mdmV +YZ_$+ AmZm{oV$&
oV-
H$oV -odZ_ = od+Zr+AH$(A) & [mVm_=[m+Q->>Z () +Vb (V)$& (VbV pm_)
$& Y__=Y+_Z(_)VV=VV+Vogb(Vg)$&
odm eM emM { od{ oV[m oV[m { &
Amm hm hm m d d{ oVroVr m@@o gXm$&&7$&&&&
m@@o V{ gXm$&&
g-
g-A eemm{ emd mYm drH$V_$&
144
Ad
Ad- -e M em M odm (^doV) { od{ oV[m{ (^dV) Amm dd{ hmm (^doV),
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m
m m-
m-eM=IS>JmoXewajUgmYZm, em_=d{Xm{[oZfXm-oXem_, M=BoV _,
odm=kmZgmYZ_ ( ^doV=OmV{) {=EV{ C^{, od{= eemd$[{, oV[m{=dmo^bofVH$mog{,
(^dV=V) Amm=W_m -e$[modm, dd{=dmdWmm_, hmm=C[hmgm (^doV= OmV{)
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gabmW--Bh OJoV { od{ gwodmV{, EH$m eodm, A[am em-odm, Amm_w^mm Zam{
em{ YZmoXH$m M b^V{, oH$Vw eodm dm-dWmm_w[hmgm ^doV, EdM emodm AmO_Z
gdodYgwIm{[dVyoZ N>oV AWmV gdXd AZmhVm oVR>VroV$&
mH
mH$aU_
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oV--e_=eg+Q-Z()$& em_=emg+Q-Z()& hmm =hg+V ()+(L>{=)&
dd{=dY+V (V)+d (oL>)=(B) d ^md$&
d{ ^mOZ{ bZ g H$mam{ Zm Zm Wm ^d{ V $ &
H WmN> b { Z ]mbmZm ZroVVoXh H$ H$ V{ $ &&&&8$&&&&
g-
g-H$oda _Zm{aOZ[yUmo^ZuoVwVmo^ H$Wmo^_m_{Z C[X{e N>oV$&
Ad
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ZroV(_m) H$V{$&
m
mm-
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mmH$aU_ -
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g_mg-H$WmN>b{Z=H$Wm Ed N>b H$WmN>b_, V{Z$&
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oV-
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(A)$& ZroV=Zr+pVZ (oV)&
o_bm^ gw X ^ { X m{ odJ h gpYa{ d M$&
[mVmmWm@ ob V{ $ &&&&9$&&&&
[mVmmWm@ _mX J WmXmH $ ob
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Ad
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Ed M obV{$&
145
m
m m-
m-_m=ZmamU[pS> V { Z , [MVmV = EVm_Y{ mX J WmV , VWm= Ao[ M,
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mo dm, gwX^{X=o_]mYdmXrZm odam{Y, odJh=w_, gpY=_{bZ_, Ed M=VWm M, obV{=odaV{$&
gabmW- gwodmV [mVm JW VWm ZroV odfH mUm_{fm JWmZm ghm{J{Z
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NX-
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^y[oV{a{H$Xm H{$Zmo[ [R>_mZ bm{H ewlmd$&
m m- ApV = dVV{, ^mJraWrVra{ = ^JraWmXmJVm^mJraWr = Jm, Vm Vra{ = VQ>{,
m
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[wa_$& V=[mQ>br[w{, gddmo_-JwUm{[{V gd = AoIb, dmo_JwU=^wJwU, (emdrmoXn^)
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ewlmd=AmH$Um_mg$&
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146
g=VOZ, AY Ed=bm{MZaohV Ed (k{)$&
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emkmZeym{ ^doV, g Ed AYm{ ^doV, Z Vw Mjwam{J[roS>V$&
mH aU_ -
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EH $ H$_
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m m-m d Z_ =y Z m{ ^mdm{ m d Z_ , w d mdWm, YZg[om= moY_ ,
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mH aU_ -
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=X+b ()&
BmH$m@@_Z [wmUm_ZoYJVemmUm oZ_w_mJJmo_Zm emm-@ZwR>mZ{Zm{oZ_Zm g amOm
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m
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147
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148
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d m ^m
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gh g^m{ JH$am_ , Ao[ M da_=l{ R>m {@ pV, OmV=C[m{@ o[, { V =oXdJVM{ V , da_ =l{R> _ $&
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J^f{ =w Hw$ojfw, dgoV=pWoV Ao[ M da_=l{R>_pV$& dm=oH$Vw, [odU-JUwV gmXYZamoeg[,
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mH aU_ -
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g OmVm{ { Z OmV{ Z moV d e g_w oV_ $ &
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g=VmXe, OmV=C[(AWmV ZyZ_{d g Ed g\$bO_m ^doV) [nadoVoZ = [nadVZerb{, ggma{ =
OJoV, _V = _w_wI_w[JV, H$m{ dm Z OmV{ = H$m{@gm mUr m{ Z C[V{$&
149
gabmW--Ap_Z OJoV Vd O_g\$b_pV, O_Zm de H$soV mZm{oV, AWm [nadoVoZ
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mH aU_ -
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H $ oV
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ggma{=g_+g+Km(A)$&
A- Jw o UJUJUZma^{ Z [oVoV H$oR> Z r gg^ _ mX &
V{ Z m]m oX gw o VZr, dX ]
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m m-
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g\$bO_m ^doV Z Vw odm eym{ _yI &
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N X- A AmmZm_ dm dVV${ &
XmZ{ V[og em } M Z oWV _Z$&
odm m_W b m^{ M _mVw $ma Ed g$&&
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150
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151
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152
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153
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154
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161
H pMV=H$m{@o[,Ed^yV=EVme, odmZ=gwYr, =m{ oh,__=_{ (gwXeZ) [wmUm_=gwVmZm_,
oZ_=gVV_, C_mJJmo_Zm_=Hw$[WdmmZm_, AZoYJV-emmUm_=AoeojVmZm_, BXmZr_=gmV_,
ZroVemm{[X{e{Z=ZroVodm-m[Z{Z, [wZO_=AO_, H$maoVw_= g^mdoVw_, g_W=m{m{@pV$&
mH aU_ -
mH$aU_
g_mg-
g_mg-[pS>Vg^m_=[pS>VmZm g^m [pS>Vg^m, Vm_$& C_mJ-Jmo_Zm_ =CXJV (Hw$pgV)_mJ
C_mJ, C_mJ} JN>pV V{ C_mJJmo_Z, V{fm_$& AZoYJVemmUm_=AoYJVmoZ emmoU V{
AoYJVemm, V{ Z ^dVroV AZoYJVemm, V{fm_$& ZroVemm{[X{eZ{ =ZrV{ oV[mXH$ em ZroVem_,
V{fm_ C[X{e ZroV emm{[X{e, V{Z$&
gpYodN>{X- -EVoVodm=EVV+ oMVodm$& amOm{dmM=amOm+ CdmM$& H$pMX Ed^yVm{
odmZ=H$pMV+Ed^yV+odmZ$&[wZO_=[wZ+O_$&
oV- -
H $ oV- -CV_ = dM + V(V)& oMVodm= oMV + oUM ( B)+ dm(dm)$&
amOm=amO+H$oZZ(AZ)& dMZ_=dM+wQ> (w+AZ) Jmo_Zm_=J_ +oUoZ (BZ)+Am_$& H$maoVw_=H$+
oUM(B)+ Vw_wZ (Vw_) &
H mM H$mmZg g Jm X Y m{ _maH$Vr w V r$&
VWm gV g oYmZ{ Z _y I m} moV drUVm_ $ &&&&40$
40$&&&&
40$
g-
g-Ap_Z [{ ggV{doeQ> XoeV_$&
Ad
Ad- -(Wm) H$mM H$mmZgm{JmX _maH$Vr wVr Ym{, VWm _yI ggoYmZ{Z drUVm moV$&
m m-
m m-Wm=({ Z H$ma{ U ) H$mM=EH$ A[H $ Q> [XmW H$mmZ =gw d U ,
ggJmV=goYmZmV, _maH$Vr=_aH$V_oUg]pYZr, wVr =H$mpV, Ym{=YmaoV$& VWm=V{Z H$ma{U,
_yI=km ey, ggommZ{Z= gVm=odXwfm gm_r{Z, drUVm_=dhmaHw$ebVm_, moV=JN>oV
(mZm{VroV ^md)$&
gabmW--bm{H${ Wm gwdU gm_r{Z H mMge _U{ gmX mZm{oV, VWd _yIm}@o[ OZm{
odXwfm g[H}$U [mpS> b^V{$&
mH aU_ -
mH$aU_
g_mg-
g_mg-ggoYmZ{Z=gVm goYmZ ggoYmZ_, V{Z$&
gpYodN>{X- -_maH$VrwVr= _maH$Vr +wVr$& _yIm}moV = _yI+moV$&
oV- -
H$oV- -H$mM=H$M+Km(A)$& H$mmZ_=H$mM+wQ> (AZ)& ggJmV=g_+gO+Km
(A)+L>og (AmV)& goYmZ{Z= g_+oZ+Ym+wQ >(w =AZ)+Q>m(BZ)$&
CVm- hr V{ oh _oVVmV! hrZ gh g_mJ_mV $ &
hr
4 1 $&&&&
g_ M g_Vm_{ o V odoeQ> M odoeQ> V m_ $ &&&&4
g-
g-Ap_Z [{ gV{ ^md dUZ odV{$&
Ad-
Ad -h{ VmV ! oh hrZ gh g_mJ_mV _oV hrV{, g_M g_Vm_{oV odoeQ> M odoeQ>Vm_
EoV$&
m m-
m m-CVM=H$oWVm, h{ VmV!=h{ o! oh=ZyZ_{d, hrZ=]wo-JwUmoXo^yZ [wf,
gh=gmH$_ , g_mJ_mV =ghdmgmV , _oV=]w o , hrV{ = hrZVm mZm{ o V g_ M=Am_ge M,
162
g_Vm_ = Vw Vm_ , EoV=mZm{ o V, odoeQ> M=dm[{ j m Jw U moXo^H $ Q> M (gh=gmH$_ )
odoeQ>Vm_=l{R>Vm_, EoV=mZm{oV$&
gabmW--h{ VmV! Bh OJoV ZrM [wfgh g[H}$U ]woZoV, Am_gXeOZ gmH$ VwVm
mZm{oV, Edm odXdo g_ g_mJ_Z{Z ]wo EYV{$& AV Ed _hm[wf ghd dmg H$V &
mH
mH$aU_
aU_ -
g_mg-
g_mg-odoeQ>=ode{f{U oeQ>m{ odoeQ>, V$&
gpYodN>{X- -_oVVmV!=_oV+VmV!$& g_M=g_+M$& odoeQ>M =odoeQ> +M$&
H$oV-
oV--
-_oV=_Z+pVZ (oV)$& hrZ=hm+V (V) (VH$ma Zd{ AmH$ma Bd{ M)$&
g_Vm_=g_+Vb(V)+Q>m[(Am)& odoeQ>=od+oef+ V (V)+o^g(E{g)$&
AmVa{ odUwe_Zm_m _hm[pS>V gH$bZroVemVdkm{ ]h[oV- nadm]drV-X{d _hmHw$b g^yVm
EV{ amO[wm$& V_m ZrqV JmhoVw eV{$& V-
m m-
m m-AmVa{ = Ap_{ d g_{ , odUw e _ Z m_m=odUw e _m Z m_H$ H$pMV ,
_hm[pS>V=l{R>emk, gH$bZroVemVdk=g[yUZJWW-JyT Vdd{mm, ]h[oVnad=X{dJwge,
A]drV=AH$WV$& X{d!=h{ amOZ! _hmHw$bg^yVm=amOHw$b{ g_w[m, EV{=B_{, amO[wm=amOHw$_mam,
VV=V_mV H$maUmV, _m=odUw e_Um, ZrqV amOemgZ[oV_, JmhoVw_=Amm[oVw_, eV{ = [mV{$&
mH aU_ -
mH$aU_
g_mg-
g_mg-odUwe_Zm_m=odUw e_m BoV Zm_ g$& _hm[pS>V= _hmZ Mmgm [pS>V$& gH$b
ZroVemVdk=gH$bmoZ ZroVemmoU M{oV gH$bZroVemmoU V{fm Vd gH$b ZroVemVd
VOmZmVroV &
gpYodN>{X- -AmVa{=A+AVa{$& ]h[oVnadm]drV=]h[oV Bd+A]drV$&
H$oV-
oV- -
-A=BX_+b () (H$V{ AX^md)& [pS>V= [S>m+BVM (BV)$& Vdk
=VV+d+km+H$(A)$& g^yVm=g_+^y+V(V)+ Og(Ag)& JmhoVw_=Jh+oUM (B)+Vw_wZ(Vw_)$&
V- ZmZm { oZohVm H$moMV oH $ m \ bdVr ^d{ V $ &
Z m[maeV{ Z mo[ ew H $dV [mR> V{ dH$$&& 42 $&&&&
dH$$&&42
g-
g-CoMV{[m{ Wmo[Vm H$moMV oH$m odm d{oV bm{H{$ g\$bm ^doV$&
Ad-
Ad -A{ oZohVm H$moMV (Ao[) oH$m \ bdVr Z ^d{V (Wm) dH$ m[maeV{Zmo[ ewH$dV
(H{$Zmo[) Z [mR>V{$&
mm-
m m-V=Vm{oh, A{=Ag[m{, oZohVm=Wmo[Vm, H$moMVoH$m =H$MZ m[ma oejm
dm, \$bdVr=\$bemobZr Z ^d{ V =Z d moXoV (Wm={ Z [ H $ma{ U ) dH$ Bm [jrode{ f ,
m[maeV{Zmo[= AZ{H$odY-Z{Zmo[, ewH dV=H$sage (H{$Zmo[=[jrodk{Zmo[) Z [mR>V{=Zd [mR>oVw
eV{$&
gabmW--Am{mZm H$V{ H$V mg g\$bm{ Z ^doV, Wm H$VZgh{Umo[ dH$ H$m{@o[
H sadV [mR>oVw g_Wm} Z ^doV, VWdmZw[wV{ WmZ{ odohVm{ Z g\$bm{ Zd OmV{$&
mH aU_ -
mH$aU_
g_mg-
g_mg-Zm{=Z o_oV A, Vp_Z$& m[maeV{Z=m[mamUm eV m[maeV V{Z$&
163
gpYodN>{X- -Zm{=Z+A{ &m[maeV{Zmo[=m[maeV{Z+Ao[$&
H$oV-
oV---oZohVm=oZ+Ym+V(V)$& \$bdVr=\$b+_Vw[ (_V) _ dd_+L>r[ (B)$&
A-
Zm[ _w [ Om
Ap_ Vw oZJw U Jm{ { Zm[ Om V{ $&
AmH$a{ [X _ amJmUm O_H$mM_U{ Hw $ V$&& 4 3 $&&&&
V$&&4
g-
g-l{R>H$w bm{X^dm{@[ l{R> Ed ^doV Z Vw A[H$Q>$&
Ad-
Ad -Ap_Z Vw Jm{{ oZJwU _[ Z C[OmV{ (Wm) [X_amJmUm-_mH$a{ H$mM_U{ O_ Hw$V$&
mm-
m m-A=Ao[ M, Ap_Vw=EVp_Z ^dXr{ l{R>V_{ Vw, Jm{{ =de{, oZJwU_=
JwUaohV_, A[=[wmoXH$_ , Z C[OmV{=Zd OqZ JhUmoV, (Wm={Z H$ma{U) [X_amJmUm_=
[w[amJm_oUode{fmUm_, AmH$a{= C[omWmZ{, IZm dm, H$mM_U{=X[U, O_=C[om, Hw$V=H$W
g^doV$&
gabmW--Ap_Z amOHw$b{ JwUaohVm, Xw]w A[m Zd mXw^dpV, Vm{oh [X_amUm_mH$a{
H mM_U{[om bm{H${ H W_o[ Zd g^doV$&
mH aU_ -
mH$aU_
g_mg-
g_mg-oZJw U _ = Z odV{ Jw U m p_Z VV $ & A[_ = Z AY [VpV o[Vam{ @ Z{ Z { o V $&
[X_amJmUm_=[X_ amJ Bd amJm{ {fm V{ [X_amJm, V{fm_$&
gpYodN>{X- A = AV + M$& Ap_Vw = Ap_Z + Vw$& Zm[_w[OmV{=Z+
A[_+C[OmV{$&
H $ oV-
oV- -
-oZJw U _ = oZa + Jw U + AM $ & C[OmV{ = C[+OZ + Z ()+V$& AmH$a{
AmL>+H$+K(A) +oL>(B)$& Hw$V=oH$_+Vogb (Vg) (oH$_Hw$)&
N X- A AZwQw>[ Zm_dV dVV{$&
AVm{@h f_mgmVa{ ^dV [wmZ ZroVemmo^kmZ H$namo_$& amOm godZ [wZdmM-
mm-
m m-AV=A_mV H$maUmV, Ah=odUwe_m, f_mgmVa{= ag_mg{m{@dmH$ , ^d[wmZ=
VdgwVmZ, ZroVemmn^kmZ=ZroVJWXjmZ, H namo_=odYmmo_, amOm=^y[oV, godZ_=odZ[ydH _,
[wZ=^y, CdmM=H$Wm_mg$&
mH aU_ -
mH$aU_
g_mg-
g_mg-f_mgmVa{=fQ>gmH$m_mgm f_mgm V{fm_ AVa f_mgmVa_, Vp_Z$&
ZroVemmo^kmZ=ZroVem_ AoÔmZpV BoV ZroVemo^km, VmZ$&
gpYodN> { X - AVm{ @ h_ = AV+Ah_ $ & f_mgmVa{ = fQ > + _mg+ AVa{ $ &
[wZdmM=[wZ+CdmM$&
oV--
H$oV- -Ao^kmZ=An^+km+H$(A) eg(Ag)$& godZ_=g +od+Zr+AH$(A)&
H sQ> m { @ o[ gw _ Z gmXmam{ h oV gVm oea$&
A_m@o[ moV X{ d d _ho gw oVpR> V $&& 4 4 $&&&&
$&&4
g-
g-A ggJ doeQ> oV[moXV_$&
Ad-
Ad -gw_ZgmV H$sQ> Ao[ gVm oea Amam{hoV, A_m Ao[ _ho gwoVpR>V (gZ) X{dd
164
moV$&
m
mm-
m-gw_ZgmV=[w[ggJmV, H$sQ>m@{ o[=jwOrdm{@o[, gVm= gOZmZm_, oea=_yYmZ _VH$
dm, Amam{hoV=AmT>m{ ^doV, A_m Ao[=[mfmUIS>m@{ o[ _hXo^=_hm[wf, gwoVpR>V=gH$ Wmo[V,
(gZ=^dZ) X{dd=X{dVm$[d_, moV=mZm{oV$&
gabmW--{Z H$ma{U [w[ggJ}U H$sQ>mXm{@o[ jwOVdm{ _hm[wfmUm _yYmZ_oYam{hpV, Ao[ M
_hm[wf gwoVpR>V [mfmUm{@o[ X{dd_mZm{oV$& VWd B_{ __ [wm o[ odmhrZm gpV, VWmo[ ^dVm
ggJ}U ZyZ [mpS> mpV$&
mH aU_ -
mH$aU_
g_mg-
g_mg-gw_Z gmV=gw_Zgm [w[mUm gL>J gw_ZgL>J, V_mV$&
gpYodN>{X- -H$sQ>m{@o[=H$sQ>+Ao[$& A_mo[=A_m+Ao[$&
H$oV-
oV--
-X{dd_=X{d+d+A_$& gwoVpR>V=gw+ oV+ Wm+ V(V)
A- Xr V{
Wm{ X oJa{ goH$f} U Xr
VWm ggoYmZ{ Z hrZdUm} @ o[ Xr 45 $&&&&
Xr V{ $&&&&45
g-
g-A ggV{_mhm doUV_$&
Ad-
Ad -Wm _ CXoJa{ goH$f}U XrV{, VWm hrZdU Ao[ ggoYmZ{Z XrV{$&
m
m m- A=Ao[ M, Wm={ Z H$ma{ U , _ = [mfmUmoX-[XmW g _y h _ ,
CXoJa{=CXmMb, goH$f}U=g[H}$U, XrV{=[H$meV{ , VWm=VXdV, hrZdUm}@o[=oZZdUm}
oZajam{@o[ dm, ggoYmZ{Z=gOZmZm ghdmg{Z, XrV{=JwUdmZ ^doV em{^V{ dm$&
gabmW--{Z H$ma{U CXmMbpWVmoZ dVyoZ ^JdVm{ ^mH$a _yIggJ}U em{^V{, VWd
odXwfm g_{Z OS>m{@o[ [wfm{ JwUdmZ ^doV$&
mH aU_ -
mH$aU_
g_mg-
g_mg-CXoJa{=CX oJna CXoJna, V_mV$& ggoZYmZ{Z= gVm goYmZ ggoYmZ_,
V{Z$& hrZdU=hrZm dUm g$&
gpYodN> { X --A=AV + M$& Wm{ X oJa{ _ = Wm+CXoJa{ +_ $ &
hrZdUm{@o[=hrZdU+Ao[$&
H $ oV-
oV- - _ = x + V () & goH$f} U =g_ + oZ+H $ f + Km (A)+ Q> m (BZ)$&
goYmZ{Z=g_+oZ+Ym+wQ> (w=AZ)+Q>m(BZ)$&
N X- A AZwQ>[w Zm_dm dVV{$&
Jw U m Jw U k{ f w Jw U m ^dpV,
m ^dpV Xm{ f m$&
V{ oZJw U m
AmdmVm{ m dhpV Z,
g_w _mgm ^d m$&&&& 46 $&&&&
^d [{ mm$&&46
g-
g-A ggJ JwUmdJwUm{dUZ dVV{$&
Ad-
Ad -JwUm JwUk{fw JwUm ^dpV, V{ oZJwU m Xm{fm ^dpV, Z AmdmVm{mdhpV,
g_w_mgm A[{m ^dpV$&
165
m
m m-
m-JwUm=odm-odZ-em mXm{ _mZdrJwUm, JwUk{fw= JwU-[arjUm{{fw [wf{fw,
JwUm=JwU[Xdmm ^dpV=OmV{, V{=V{ Ed JwUm, oZJwU_=JwUhrZ_ Am{ dm, m=bdm,
Xm{fm=AdJwUm, mm dm, ^dpV=OmV{, Z=gnaV (Jm_wZmX) AmdmVm{m=Amdm=
dmoXQ>_, Vm{_=Ob mgm Vm, AWmV _YwaOb[na[yUm, dhpV=dmh[yUm ^dpV ( oH$Vw Vm Z)
g_w_=gmJa_, Amgm=m, A[{m [mVw_m{m, ^dpV=OmV{$&
gabmW--bm{H${ JwUm JwoUZ OZ m gXJU w m ^dpV, V{ Ed JwUm oZJwU [wf, [XmW, WmZ dm
m AdJwUm ^dpV$& Wm Zm{ _YwaObwVm dhpV, oH$Vw Vm aZmH$a m jmaggJ}U A[{m ^dpV$&
mH aU_ -
mH$aU_
g_mg-
g_mg-JwUk{f=w JwUmZ OmZpV BoV JwUkm, V{fw$& A[{m=[mVw m{m [{m, Vm Z ^dVroV$&
gpY-odN> { X --Jw U m Jw U k{ mw = Jw U m+Jw U k{ f w $ & g_w _mgm=g_w _ + Amgm$&
^d[{m=^dpV+A[{m$&
H$oV-
oV--
-JwUm=JwU +AM+Og(Ag) & m=+ Am[+ V () & Amdm=Am+dX+ oUM
(B)+ [ ()& A[{m=Z+ [m+V ()+ Og (Ag) &
N X- A C[OmoV Zm_dm dVV{$&
VX{V{fm__V[wmUm ZroVemm{[X{em ^dV _mU_ Bwdm V odUw e_U H$a{
]h_mZ[waga [wmZ g_o[VdmZ$&
m
m m-
m-VV = V_mV H$maUmV , EV{ f m_ = A_rfm_ , A_V [w mUm_ = _Xrgw V mZm_ ,
ZroVemm{[X{em=ZroVodm@m[Zm, ^dV=lr_Vm{ odUw-e_mU Ed, _mU_=_mVma gpV$&
Bw dm=Ed H$Wodm, V _hm[pS> V -, odUw e _ U=EVm_Y{ [pS> V, H a{ =hV{ ,
]h_mZ[waga= g_mZm-oVe[ydH _, [wmZ=dgwVmZ, g_o[VdmZ=gJ$[{Um[m_mg$&
mH aU_ -
mH$aU_
g_mg- A_V[wmUm_ =A_mH$ [wm A_V [wm, V{fm_$& ZroVemm{[X{em=ZroVem
C[X{e ZroVemm{[X{e, V_$& ]h_mZ-[waga_=[wZ gaVroV [wa ga, ]h_mZ [wa gam{ p_Z H$_oU
Wm VV$&
gpYodN>{X- -VX{V{fm__V [wmUm_=VV+ EV{fm_+ A_V[wmUm_$& Bwdm=BoV+Cdm$&
H $ oV-
oV- -
-C[X{ e m=C[+oXe + Km ( A)+L> { $ & ^dV=^y + eV (AV ) +Og(Ag ) $&
Cdm=dM+dm (dm)$& g_o[VdmZ=g_+A[+VdVw= VdV$& (VdV)
A mgmW - Zm
A
]h M Zm_H$ Zm -
AYm{oboIVmZm ZmZm MVwfw odH$[{fw g_woMV_wma obIV -
1. odm [wf{m{ XXmoV-
(A) [mVm_ (]) odZ_
(g) YZ_ (X) Y__ ( )
2. o_bm^ [naN>{Xm gpV-
(A) (]) [m
(g) Mdma (X) AQ>m ( )
166
3. EH$m{ JwUr [wm{ ^doV-
(A) AWhrZ (]) AY_
(g) KmVwH$ (X) da_ ( )
4. G$UH$Vm o[Vm ^doV-
(A) Mma (]) ew
(g) AYmo_H$ (X) _yI ( )
5. oVb{ Amw_hoV-
(A) VbmoZ (]) ObmoZ
(g) jramoU (X) KVmoZ ( )
6. _yI drUVm moV-
(A) OS>goYmZ{Z (]) oeewgoYmZ{Z
(g) ggoYmZ{Z (X) [ewgoYmZ{Z ( )
AoVbKy mam_H$ Zm -
1. ohVm{[X{e H$se H$m_pV$?
2. ohVm{[X{e b{IH$ H$$?
3. [pS>V odUw e_m dJwHw$b Hw$ Wmo[VdmZ?
4. gmpdH$ XmZ H$se ^doV?
5. dd{ H$ser odm hmm ^doV$?
6. ^mJraWrVra{ qH$ Zm_Y{ ZJa_mgrV?
7. H$se [wf b_r C[oV$?
8. H$ _wI{ _Jm Z odepV?
9. H$sem [wfm Z em{^V{?
10
10. _yI H{$Z drUVm moV$?
11
11. H$m{ amOHw$_mamUm [wZO_ H$maoVw g_W?
12
12. Hw$ oZohVm oH$m \ bdVr Z ^doV?
13
13. H$sQ> gw_Z gmV Hw$ Amam{hoV?
14
14. g_w_mgm H$m A[{m ^dpV?
15
15. H{$Z odZm Xd Z ogoV?
bKy mam_H$ Zm -
1. H$oV H$aUmoZ ohVm{[X{e? H moZ M V{fm Zm_moZ$&
2. odm H$_e qH$ qH$ XXmoV?
3. gd{fw odm H$W_ AZwm_ _V{?
4. embm{MZ H$se ^doV?
5. [wfmUm_ZWm H moZ Mdmna H$maUmoZ gpV?
6. Ap_Z [nadoVoZ OJoV H$ [wfm{ OmV{?
7. mk H$W qH$ oMV{V$?
8. EH$m{ JwUr [w H$sem{ ^doV?
167
9. H{$Z Mjw [rS>m ^doV?
10. H [w gwYr dm{ Ymo_H$M ^doV?
11
11. _wbm{H${ H moZ fQ> gwImoZ gpV?
12
12. Mdma ed H{$ gpV?
13
13. H{$fm_^md{ O_ oZaWH$ ^doV?
14
14. H$m [wfm Xd{Z X{o_oV dXpV?
15
15. pm OmaJ^ Bd H$m{ Z em{^V{?
oZ]Ym_H$ Zm -
1. ohVm{[X{em{[mX{Vm oV[mXV &
2. o_bm^H$aUmZwgma _yI[w d$[ dUV &
3. H$Wm_wI_mol [wfmW doeQ> oV[mXV &
4. Z[ gwXeZ Am_Z [wmZ ZroVodkmZ H$Vw H$sem{ Zm{ odohV$&
Cma_mbm ]h M Zm_H$ ZmZm_
(11 ) ] (22 ) g (33 ) X (44 ) ] (5 5 ) A (6 6) g
mH aUg]pYZ Zm -
mH$aUg]pYZ
1. gpYodN>{X H$dm gY{Zm_ obIV -
Wm - \{$Zb{I{d = \{$Zb{Im+Bd = JwUgpY
odd = .............. = ..........
odZmmoV = .............. = ..........
H WmN>b{Z = .............. = ..........
gpYa{d = .............. = ..........
BmH$ = .............. = ..........
EH$M = .............. = ..........
dmoVXwH$a_ = .............. = ..........
odmm = .............. = ..........
Hw$mXVpV = .............. = ..........
2. H$oV-m b{m -
Wm - gdXm = gd+Xm
odm = ...................
hmm = ...................
dd{ = ...................
[R>_mZ_ = ...................
XeH$_ = ...................
Ymo_H$ = ...................
[dVr = ...................
gom = ...................
g[m = ...................
168
3. AYm{oboIVdm{fw H$m{R>H{$ oZoXQ>bH$mamZwgma bH$ma[nadVZ H$aUr_-
1 . odm_W M oMVoV$& (bQ>)
2 . V gwXeZm{ Zm_ Za[oVamgrV$& (bQ>)
3 . [nadoVoZ ggma{ H$m{ _Vm{ Z OmV{$&(bL)
4 . V{Z d odXwfm _{ [>{ JmnadgrXog$& (obL)
5 . Xd{Z X{o_oV H$m[wfm dXpV$& (bm{Q>)
4. (A) Ag_V[XmZ m g_mgm{ odY{ -
^mJram Vra{ = .......................
CoZ _Zm{ g = .......................
AW H$am{VroV = .......................
Hw$pgVm [wfm = .......................
_hmZ Mmgm [pS>V = .......................
[ M mdZ M Vmm g[m= .......................
(]) g_V[XmZm odJ h H$m H$m -
XwYf_ = .......................
gwXeZ = .......................
oMVmodfZ = .......................
AZoYJVemmUm_ = .......................
ZroVemo^kmZ = .......................
A[{m = .......................
5. AYm{oboIV[XmZm _ybeX-od^pV-dMZ-obmXroZ oZoXeV-
[mVm_ = .......................
A_mV = .......................
Mjwfm = .......................
[nadoVoZ = .......................
X{ohZ = .......................
Am_em = .......................
6. H$m{R>H${ nWVeX_mol g_woMVod^pVm{J H$dm naVWmZmoZ [yaV-
1. EH$H$_o[........... oH$_w MVwQ>_$& (AZW)
2. Y_mWH m__m{jmUm_ ........... EH$m{@o[ Z odV{$&(X)
3. oVb{ VbmoZ........... Amw ZmhoV$& (AZwm{J)
4. _yI ........... drUVm moV$& (ggoYmZ)
5. JwUm ........... JwUm ^dpV$& (JwUk)
~~~~
169
o_bm^
oVr
oVr m{ ^mJ
AW mgmX[R>{ gwIm{[odQ>mZm amO[wmUm [waVmV VmdH$_{U g [pS>Vm{@]drV-^m{ amO[wm

lUwV
mm m- AW=EVXZVa_, mgmX[R>{=amO^dZm{[na^mJ{, gwIm{-[odQ>mZm_=Ab{eZ{ pWVmZm_,
mm-
amO[wmUm=amOHw$_mamUm_, [waVmV=AJ{, VmdH$_{U=H$Wm_m_{Z, g=odUw e_m, [pS>V=odmZ,
A]drV=Adm{MV$& ^m{ amO[wm$= A{ amOHw$_mam, lUwV=AmH$mV &
mH am_ -
mH$am_
mH$am_
g_mg-
g_mg-mgmX[R>{=mgmX [R> mgmX[R>, Vp_Z$& gwIm{[odQ>m-Zm_=gwI_ C[odQ>m
gwIm{[odQ>m, V{fm_$& amOm[wmUm_=amk [wm amO[wm V{fm_$& VmdH$_{U=Vmd H$_ VmdH$_,
V{Z$&
gpYodN>{X- -gwIm{[odQ>mZm_=gwI+C[odQ>mZm_$& g [pS>Vm{@]drV =g+[pS>V+A]drV$&
oV- -
H $oV- -C[odQ>mZm_=C[+ode+V(V)+Am_$&
H m
m emodZm{ X { Z H$mbm{ JN> o V Yr_Vm_ $ &
gZ{ Z M _y I m Um oZ
oZ m H bh{ Z dm$&&
dm$&&11 $&&&&
g-
g-A Yr_Vm _yImUmm g_ [WH$-[WH$ $[{U m{ ^dVroV doUV_$&
Ad
Ad--Yr_Vm H$mb H$memodZm{XZ{ JN>oV, _yImUm (H$mbVw) gZ{Z, oZm , H bh{Z
dm (JN>oV)
mmm-
m-Yr_Vm_=odXwfm ]wo_Vm dm, H$mb=g_, H$mem-odZm{XZ{ =agmpdVemmZX{Z,
JN> o V=moV VrVm{ ^doV dm , _y I m U m_ = AZYrVemmUm_ , H$mbVw = g_Vw ,
gZ{Z=gwam[mZyVH$sS>moXZm, oZm= eZmmoY{Z, H$bh{Z=[a[aoddmX{Z, dm=AWdm, JN>oV=VrVm{
^doV$&
gabmW --Bh OJoV odXwfm OrdZH$mb gmmohmH$aUmoXemmUm-_Z{ VrVm{ ^doV,
EdmmZoYJVemmUm ZUm g_ gwam[mZ{, yVH$sS>mm, oXdmoZmm [a[a oddmX{fw M oZm{OZ_{d$ m{
^dVroV $&
mH aU_ -
mH$aU_
g_mg-
g_mg-H$memodZm{X{Z=H$d{ H$_ H$m, VX{dem_ BoV H$mem_ V{Z m{ odZm{X
H memodZm{X, V{Z & gZ{Z=V{ oMm_ AZ{Z{oV gZ_ , V{Z$&
gpY odN>{X- -H$mbm{ JN>oV=H$mb+ JN>oV$&
H$oV-
oV--
-Yr_Vm_=Yr+_Vw[ (_V)+Am_$& gZ{Z=od+Ag+ wQ> (AZ)+Q>m(BZ)$&
NX-
VX^dVm odZm{Xm H mH$Hy$_mXrZm odoMm H$Wm H$Wmo_$& amO[wV_-Am! H$Vm_$&
odUwe_m}dmM-mUwV$& goV o_bm^[VyV{, m_m bm{H -
m m- VV = V_mV H$maUmV , ^dVm_ = w _mH$_ , odZm{ X m=AmZX-mW _ ,
m
170
H mH$Hy$_mXrZm_=dmgH$N>[ohaU_yofH$mXrZm_, odpMm_=AmM-wVm_, H$Wm_=AmmoH m_,
H Wmo_=] d ro_$& amO[w =amOH$w $ _ma , CV_ = ôUV_ , Am ! =[y !, H$Vm_ = CVm_ $ &
odUwe_m}dmM=odUwm_mZm_ [pS>Vm{@dm{MV, mUwV=mZ[ydH$_mH$UV, goV=AYwZm, o_bm^=
EVm_Y{ W_[naN>{X, VyV{=AmaV{, =EV (o_bm^), A_ =Ef, Am=W_,
bm{H$=[_VroV$&
mH
mH$aU_
aU_ -
g_mg-
g_mg-H$mH$Hy$_mXrZm_=H$mH$M Hy$_M H$mH$Hy$_m Vm AmoX {fm V{ H$mH$Hy$_mX, V{fm_$&
amO[w=amk [wmamO[wm V$&
gpYodN> { X --amO[w V_ = amO[w +CV_ $ & odUw m_m} d mM=odUw - e_m + CdmM$&
m_m=+A_+Am$&
oV- -
H$oV- -CV_=dM+V(V) $& e_m=m+_oZZ (_Z)$&
AgmYZm odmhrZm ]w o _V gw m_m$&
gmY mew H$m
gmY H$m m o U H$mH$Hy $ _ _ J mIw d V $ &&&&2
2 $&&&&
g-
g-H$mog{ ]wo_mmm o_VmmM _hVr AmdH Vm ^doV$&
dmo_oZ, M_og=aOZrH$a{, bKw[VZH$Zm_mdmg= EVXmm{ dmg, ]w=gwm{pWV gZ,
H $ VmVo_d=_ w [ oVo_d, oVr_ = A_ , AQ> V_ = AmJN> V_ , [mehV_ = hVY V Omb_ ,
mY_= bw YH$_ , A[V=Adbm{H $V$ & V_dbm{=mY Q >d m, AoMVV= odMma H $VdmZ$ &
A=Ap_Z oXdg{, mVa{d=mVH$mb{ Ed, AoZQ>XmZ_=Aew^mdbm{H$Z_, OmV_=A^dV, Z OmZ{=Zd
OmZmo_, oH$_Zo^_V_= oH$_ A_b_ , Xe o oV= C[Wm[ooV, Bw dm=BW H$Wodm,
VXZwgaUH$_{U=V (mY) [MmXJ_ZodoYZm, mHw$b=oIM{V, MobV=AMbV$&
mH aU_ -
mH$aU_
g_mg-
g_mg-Jm{XmdarVra{=Jm{Xmdm Vra Jm{Xmdar Vra_, Vp_Z$& AVmMbMyS>mdbp]oZ=AVmMb
MyS>m, AVmMbMyS>m, VX Adb]V{ BoV AVmMbMyS>mdbp], Vp_Z$& mHw$b=ode{f{U AmHw$b$&
gpYodN>{X- -gm{@]drV=g+A]drV$& ZmZmoXX{emXmJ=ZmZmmoXH$ +X{emV+AmJ & [ojUm{
oZdgpV=[ojU+oZdgpV$& V_mbm{ moMVV=V_ +Ambm{ +AoMVV$& mVa{d moZQ> XeZ_
=mV+Ed+AoZQ>XeZ_$& Bwdm =BoV+Cdm $& mHw$bMobV=mHw$b+MobV$&
oV--
H$oV- -AmJ=Am+J_+[ () & Ambm{=AmL>+bwH$ +[ () & AQ>V_=AQ>
eV(AV) A_$& XeZ_=e+wQ (w=AZ)$& Cdm =dM+dm (dm)$& MobV=Mb+(BQ) V (V) &
V- em{ H $WmZghmoU ^^ WmZeVmoZ M$&
oXdg{ - oXdg{ _y T > _ modepV Z [oS> V _ $ &&&&3 3 $&&&&
g-
g-em{H$^mXrZm H$maUmZm ^mdm{ _yIm}[na ]mh{Z AmmoV, oH$Vw odgw V{fm ^mdm{ Z
V{$&
Ad
Ad--em{ H $WmZghmoU ^WmZeVmoZ M oXdg{ oXdg{ _y T > _ AmodepV, [pS> V Z
(AmodepV)
m
m m-
m-V=Vm{oh, em{H$WmZghmoU=[naVm[ghe Am[XmoZ (gpV),
^WmZeVmoZ=^m{[mXH$moZ eVe oZo_mmoZ (gpV), M =VWm, oXdg{-oXdg{=oVoXZ_, _yT _=kmZey_,
171
AmodepV=mHw$br Hw$dpV, (oH$Vw) [pS>V Z=]wo_V [wf Zd, ( AmodepV=[am^dpV)$&
gabmW--Ap_Z OJoV _ZwmUm [waV ghmoU em{H WmZmoZ, eVmoZ ^m{[mXH$moZ Am[XmoZ
M g_mmpV, oH$Vw VmoZ _yImUm H$V{ Ed ^dpV, Z Vw odXwfm_$& Vm{oh odmgm{ oZO]wo]b{Z VmoZ ZmeoVw
g_Wm ^dpV$&
mH aU_ -
mH$aU_
g_mg-
g_mg-em{H$WmZ-ghmoU=em{H$ WmZmoZ em{H$WmZmoZ, V{fm ghmoU$&
gpYodN>{X- -_yT>_modepV=_yT>_+AmodepV$&
H$oV-
oV- -_yT>_=_yh+V(V)$& AmodepV=Am+ode+oP (ApV) [pS>V_=[S>m+BVM
(BV)$&
NX-
A-odfoUmo_X_d H V_-
CWm
CWm m{ Wm
Wm ]m{ _hX ^ _w [ pWV_ $ &
_aU
_aU moYem{ H $mZm oH$_ oZ[oV oZ[oV oVoV$&&
&& 4 $&&&&
oV$&&4
g-
g-mVH$mb{ oVoXZ_wWm ^_aUmYrZm odf{ ZyZ oMVZr_$&
Ad
Ad--CWm CWm A-_aU-moY-em{H$mZm (_{) qH$ oZ[oVoV (BoV X) _hX ^_
C[pWV (VX) ]m{_$&
m
mm-
m-A=Ao[ M, odfoUm_=JhWmZm_, BX_=EVV (d-_mU_) Ad_=ZyZ_{d,
H V _ = H$aUr_ $ & CWm-CWm=oVoXZ eZmV ]w , A=Ap_Z oXZ{ ,
_aUmoYem{H mZm_=_wam{JmZwVm[mZm (_{= AVamb{) qH$ oZ[oVoV=oH$_ AmJo_oV, (BoV V=B{d
H$ma{U V) _hX ^_=AoVXmU ^H maU_, C[pWV_=g_mJV_, (VV=Vgd_) ]m{_= kmV_$&
gabmW--oVoXZ mV H$mb{ em [na EVoVZr X Ap_Z oXdg{ _wem{H ^{fw EV{fw
ofw H$mJ_Z ôdoV$& EVXW XmU^ H maU gJ odMm H m}fw dV}V$&
mH aU_ -
mH$aU_
g_mg-
g_mg-_aUmoYem{H$mZm_=_aU M moYM em{H$M _aUmoYem{H$m, V{fm_$&
gpYodN> {X--AM=AV+ M$& CWmm{Wm = CWm + CWm & _hX^_w[pWV_
=_hV+^_+C[pWV_$&>
H $oV-
oV- -
-CWm=CV+Wm+[ () & C[pWV_=C[Wm+V (V)$& _aU_=_+wQ>
(w=AZ)$&
NX-
AW V{Z mY{Z VSw>bH$UmZ odH$s Omb odVrU_$& g M V N>m{ ^ydm pWV$&Ap_{d
H mb{ oMJ r dZm_m H$[m{ VamO g[nadmam{ odoV odg[ VmZ VSw >b H$UmZ Adbm{ H $m_mg$& VV
H [m{VamOVSw>bH$UbwYmZ H$[m{VmZ mh-Hw$Vm{@ oZOZ{ dZ{ VSw>bH$UmZm g^d? Vo$Vm VmdV$&
ô_X Z [mo_ [m{Um@Z{Z VSw>bH$Ubm{^{Zm_moâo[ VWm ôdV_$&
mm-AW=oH$omVH$mbmZVa_, V{Z mY{Z=[ydm}V{Z bwYH{$Z, VSw>bH$UmZ=VSw>bIS>mZ,
m
odH$s= ^y _m gm, Omb=[me, odVrU_ = gmnaV_$ & g M=mYM, N> m{ ^ydm=oZbr,
pWV=AoVR>V$& Ap_{d H$mb{=EVp_{d g_{, oMJrdZm_m=oMJrd Zm_H$, H$[m{VamO=[mamdVZ[,
172
g[nadmam{=gHw$Qw>]_, odoV=AmH$me{, odg[Z=JN>Z, VmZVSw>bmZ=[oWm oZojmZ VSw>b-IS>mZ,
Adbm{H$m_mg=XQ>dmZ$& VV=VSw>bH$UXeZm-ZVa_, H$[m{VamO=[mamdVZ[, VSw>bH$UbwYmZ
=VSw>bIS>^jUm{_wImZ, H [m{VmZ=[mamdVmZ, mh=H WV, Hw$V=H$_mV WmZmV, A=Ap_Z,
oZOZ{=[wfhrZ{, dZ{=H$mZZ{, VSw>bH$UmZm_=VSw>bIS>mZm_, g^d=C[oV? VV=V_mV H$maUmV,
oZ$Vm_=odMmVm_, VmdV=gdmXm$& BX_=Efm ^jU_ ^=ohVH$a_, Z=Zd, [mo_=Adbm{H mo_$,
m{U=]mh{Z, AZ{Z=EV{Z, VSw>bH$Ubm{^{Z=VSw>bIS>bm^{Nm, A_moâo[=gdao[ [mamdV,
VWm=V{Z H$ma{U, ôdV_=^m_$& (VWm ôdV_ Bmd g [oWH{$ Wm _V BZ{Z ^dVroV
k{)
mH aU_ -
mH$aU_
g_mg-
g_mg-VSw>bH$UmZ=VSw>bmZm H$Um VSwbH$Um VmZ$& g[nadma= [naodV{ Eo^ BoV [nadmam,
V gohV$& VSw>bH$UbwYmZ=VSw>bH$UmZm bwYm VSw>bH$UbwYm, VmZ$& oZOZ{=Z odV{ OZm
BoV oZOZ_, Vp_Z$&
gpYodN>{X--N>m{ ^ydm=N> +^ydm$& Ap_{d=Ap_Z +Ed$& odg[VSw>bH$UmZ=odg[Z
+VSwbH$UmZ$& Hw$Vm{@=Hw$V+A$& mh=+Amh$&
H $ oV-
oV- -
-odH$s = od+H $ +[ () & N> =+N> X + V (V)$& ^y dm=^y + dm$&
odg[Z=od+g[+eV (AV) Hw$V=oH$_ (Hw$)+ Vogb (Vg)$& ôdV_=^y+VV (V )&
$U Vw bm{ ^ { Z _Z [> { gw X w Va{ $ &> >
H L > H $U
d mK { U gm [oWH$ g _ V m{ Wm Wm$&&&& 5 $&&&&
Wm$&&5
g-
g-bm{^ [naUm_m{@Vrd XwIXmH m{ ^doV$&
Ad
Ad- -H$>U Vw bm{^{Z gwXwVa{ [>{ _Z [oWH$ dmK{U gm, g ([oWH$) Wm _V$&
mm-
m m-H$>U=H$ZH$db, Vw bm{^{Z=mpVH$m_Zm Vw, gwXwVa{ =oZmVw_e{, [>{=H$X_,{
_Z=oZ_pOV, [oWH$=mr [mWm{ dm, dm-K{U=OrUH{$gnaUm, gm=gJ AmH$mV, (gZ)
g [oWH$=bm{^modQ> g [mW, Wm={Z H$ma{U, _V=_VdmZ$&
gabmW--gwdUdbbm{^{Z AoVH$oR>Z{ [>{ gbZm{ bm{^modQ>m{ ]mUm{ Wm dmK{U gJ
AmH$mV gZ _V, VWd d_o[ A ^d{_ &
mH aU_ -
mH$aU_
g_mg-
g_mg-gwXwVa{=XwI{Z VnaVw_ Ae gwXwVa_, Vp_Z& dmK{U= dMmgm mK dmK,
V{Z$&
gpYodN>{X- -g _Vm{ Wm=g+_V+Wm$&
oV--
H$oV- -_Z=_O +V (V)$& gm=g_+ + Am[+ V(V)$& [oWH$=[oWZ+H$Z
(H$)$& _V=_+V (V)$&
NX-
H [m{Vm D$Mw-H$W_{VV? gm{@]drV-
m m-
m m-H$[m{ V m=[mamdVm, D$Mw =H$oWVdV, H$W_ = H{ $ Z H$ma{ U , EVV = BX_ ,
g=oMJrdZm_H$ H$[m{VamO, A]drV=AH$WV$&
~~~~
173
A
A mgmW - Zm
]h M Zm_H$ Zm -
AYm{oboIVmZm ZmZm MVwfw odH$[{fw g_woMV_wma obIV -
1. Yr_Vm H$mbm{ JN>oV
(A) oddmX{Z (]) gZ{Z
(g) H$memodZm{XZ{ (X) eZ{Z ( )
2. odembem_brV AmgrV-
(A) ZWrVra{ (]) Jm{XmdarVra{
(g) Z_XmVra{ (X) JS>H$sVra{ ( )
3. o_bm^{ H$mH$ Zm_ AmgrV-
(A) bKw[VZH$ (]) oMJrd
(g) OaXJd (X) ohaH ( )
4. mY{Z odH$s Omb odVrU_-
(A) Jm{Yy_H$UmZ (]) dH$UmZ
(g) MUH$MyUmoZ (X) VSw>bH$UmZ ( )
5. H$>U bm{^Z{ _Z-
(A) JhZ{ Hy$[{ (]) odemb{ gmJa{
(g) [>{ gwXwVa{ (X) JS>H$s Zm_ ( )
AoVbKy mam_H$ Zm -
1. amO mgmX{ H{$ gwIm{[odQ>m AmgZ$?
2. amO[wmUm [waVmV VmdH$_{U H$ A]drV$?
3. Yr_Vm H$mb H{$Z H$ma{U JN>oV ?
4. _yImUm H$mb H$W moV?
5. amO[wmUm odZm{Xm H{$fm H$Wm [.odUwe_m H$WoV?
6. amOHw$_mamUm H$V{ odUwe_m H$m H$WoV?
7. H$mH$Hy$__JmIwdV H$moZ gmYpV?
8. Jm{Xmdar Vra{ H$se V AmgrV?
9. V Hw$V AmJ IJm oZdgpV?
10
10. dmg H$se mY_ A[V$?
11
11. H$mH$m{ mYmZwgaUH$_{U H$seMobV?
2 . H$oV em{H WmZmoZ gpV?
12
13
13. _hX ^_w[pWVo_oV H$W ]m{_$&
14
14. mY qH$ H$dm Omb odVrU_$&
15
15. g [oWH$ H{$Z gm _V$&
bKy mam_H$ Zm -
1. o_bm^{ H{$fm o_mUm H$Wm dVV{$&
2. [pS>V odUwe_m VmdH$_{U qH$_H$am{V$ &
174
3. Yr_Vm _yImUmm H$mb H$W JN>oV$&
4. odUwe_m oH$_W amOmgmX{ H$Wm H$WoV$&
5. AgmYZm odmhrZm H$ H$aU bm{H$m{@pV$&
6. [ojU Hw$V AmJ em_br dj{ oZdgpV _$&
7. bKw[VZH$ dmg H$Xm ]w$&
8. mY Q>dm dmg oH$_oMVV$&
9. H$oVH$moZ ^WmZmoZ em{H$WmZmoZ M gpV$&
10. mV CWm oVoXZ qH$ ]m{_$&
11
11. mY Aa Jdm oH$_ AH$am{V$&
12
12. H$[m{VamO VSw>bH$UmZ H$Xm Q>dmZ$&
13
13. VSw>bH$UmZ Q>dm H$[m{VamO qH$$ mh$&
14
14. VSw>bH$Ubm{^{Z H$[m{VmZm H$ser pWoV ôdoV$&
15
15. _yT>m Hw$ H$Xm@@odepV$&
oZ]Ym_H$ Zm -
1. [pS>V odUwe_U [naMm{ X{?
2. o_bm^ gmamem{ obIV?
3. mY dUZ Hw$V?
4. [pS>V odUwe_m H$W amO[wmZ ZroVodkmZ H$VdmZ$&
Cma_mbm ]h M Zm_H$ZmZm_
(1) g (2) ] (3) A (4) X (5) g
mH aUg]pYZ Zm -
mH$aUg]pYZ
1. gpYodN>{X H$dm gY{Zm_ obIV -
Wm - gwIm{[odQ>mZm_ = gwI+C[odQ>mZm_ = JwUgpY
amO[wV_ = .............. = ..........
m_m = .............. = ..........
mVa{dmoZQ>XeZ_ = .............. = ..........
mHw$bMobV = .............. = ..........
Hw$Vm{@ = .............. = ..........
m{Um@Z{Z = .............. = ..........
2. H$oV-m b{m -
Wm - C[odQ>mZm_ = C[+ode+V+Am_
[pS>V = ...................
Yr_Vm_ = ...................
]wo_V = ...................
gwm_m = ...................
AmJ = ...................
]w = ...................
odVrU_ = ...................
175
3. AYm{oboIVdm{fw H$m{R>H{$ oZoXQ>bH$mamZwgma bH$ma[nadVZ H$aUr_-
1. H memodZm{X{Z H$mbm{ JN>oV Yr_Vm_$&(bm{Q>)
2. ^dVm odZm{Xm H Wm H$Womo_$&(bQ>)
3. odUwe_m CdmM$& (bQ> )
4. V amm [ojUm{ oZdgpV$&(bL)
5. H [m{Vm VmZ VSw>bH$UmZ [Vw$& (obL)
4. (A) Ag_V[XmZm g_mgm{ odY{ -
gwIZ{ C[odQ>mZm_ = .......................
amk [wm = .......................
bKw (xV) [VZ g = .......................
oMJrd BoV Zm_ g = .......................
dMmgm mK = .......................
(]) g_V[XmZm odJh H$m -
amOgmX{ = .......................
AgmYZm = .......................
Jm{XmdarVra{ = .......................
mHw$b = .......................
g[nadma = .......................
5. AYm{oboIV[XmZm _ybeX-od^pV-dMZ-obmXroZ oZoXeV-
amO[wm = .......................
y_ = .......................
Yr_Vm_ = .......................
M_og = .......................
A_mo^ = .......................
dmK{U = .......................
6. H m{R>H${ nWV eX_mol g_woMVod^pVm{J H$dm naVWmZmoZ [yaV-
1. gZ{Z M _yImUm........... H$bh{Z dm$&(oZm)
2. ^dVm odZm{Xm...........H$Wm H$Womo_$& (H$mH$Hy$_moX)
3. VmJ ........... [ojUm{ oZdgpV$&(amo)
4. mY{Z ........... odH$s Omb odVrU_$&(VSw>bH$U)
5. VSw>bH$Ubm{^{Z ........... Ao[ VWm ôdV_$&(A_X)
~~~~
176
eX$[moU
am_ (AH$mamV [wo eX)
EH dMZ_
EH$dMZ_ odMZ_ ]h d MZ_ odô$
am_ am_m am_m W_m
am__ am_m am_mZ oVrm
am_{U am_mm_ am_ VVrm
am_m am_mm_ am_{ MVwWu
am_mV,X am_mm_ am_{ [m_r
am_ am_m{ am_mUm_ fR>r
am_{ am_m{ am_{fw g_r
h{ am_! h{ am_m! h{ am_m! g]m{YZ_
JO-Ad-]mbH$-Za BmX eXm Ao[ am_dX ^dpV$&&
hna (BH$mamV [woeX)
hna har ha W_m
hna_ har harZ oVrm
hnaUm hnam_ hnao^ VVrm
ha{ hnam_ hna MVwWu
ha{ hnam_ hna [m_r
ha{ hm} harUm_ fR>r
ham hm} hnafw g_r
h{ ha{! h{ har! h{ ha! g]m{YZ_
_woZ-H$od-aod-oJna-[moUoZ-^y[oV BmX eXm Ao[ hnadX$^dpV &
Jw (CH$mamV [woeX)
Jw Jw$ Jwad W_m
Jw_ Jw$ Jw$Z oVrm
JwUm Jwm_ Jwo^ VVrm
Jwad{ Jwm_ Jw MVwWu
Jwam{ Jwm_ Jw [m_r
Jwam{ Jwdm} JwUm_ fR>r
Jwam Jwdm} Jwfw g_r
h{ Jwam{! h{ Jw$! h{ Jwad! g]m{YZ_
H{$Vw-g{V-w h{Vw-gw_{-^w-_Zw-H$emZw-^mZw BmX eXm Ao[ JwdX ^dpV$&
o[V (G$H$mamV [wob eX)
o[Vm o[Vam o[Va W_m
o[Va_ o[Vam o[VZ oVrm
177
o[m o[Vm_ o[Vo^ VVrm
o[{ o[Vm_ o[V MVwWu
o[Vw o[Vm_ o[V [m_r
o[Vw o[m{ o[VUm_ fR>r
o[Vna o[m{ o[Vfw g_r
h{ o[V! h{ o[Vam! h{ o[Va! g]m{YZ_
^mV=(^mB), Om_mV= (OdmB), X{d=(X{da), BmX eXm o[VdV$&
a_m (AmH$mamV robeX)
a_m a_{ a_m W_m
a_m_ a_{ a_m oVrm
a_m a_mm_ a_mo^ VVrm
a_m a_mm_ a_m MVwWu
a_mm a_mm_ a_m [m_r
a_mm a_m{ a_mUm_ fR>r
a_mm_ a_m{ a_mgw g_r
h{ a_{! h{ a_{! h{ a_m! g]m{YZ_
_oV: (BH$mamV robeX)
_oV _Vr _V W_m
_oV_ _Vr _Vr oVrm
_m _oVm_ _oVo^ VVrm
_, _V{ _oVm_ _oV MVwWu
_m _V{ _oVm_ _oV [m_r
_m, _V{ _m{ _VrZm_ fR>r
_m_, _Vm _m{ _oVfw g_r
h{ _V{! h{ _Vr! h{ _V! g]m{YZ_
ZXr (BH $mamV robeX)
ZXr Zm Z W_m
ZXr_ Zm ZXr oVrm
Zm ZXrm_ ZXro^ VVrm
Z ZXrm_ ZXr MVwWu
Zm ZXrm_ ZXr [m_r
Zm Zm{ ZXrZm_ fR>r
Zm_ Zm{ ZXrfw g_r
h{ ZoX! h{ Zm! h{ Z! g]m{YZ_
\ b_ (AH$mamV Z[wgH$ob eX)
\ b_ \$b{ \$bmoZ
178
\ b_ \$b{ \$bmoZ
e{f$[moU [wo bdX ^doV
VV (dh) [woeX
g Vm V{ W_m
V_ Vm VmZ oVrm
V{Z Vmm_ V VVrm
V_ Vmm_ V{ MVwWu
V_mV Vmm_ V{ [m_r
V Vm{ V{fm_ fR>r
Vp_Z Vm{ V{fw g_r
VV (robeX)
gm V{ Vm W_m
Vm_ V{ Vm oVrm
Vm Vmm_ Vmo^ VVrm
V Vmm_ Vm MVwWu
Vm Vmm_ Vm [m_r
Vm Vm{ Vmgm_ fR>r
Vm_ Vm{ Vmgw g_r
VV (Z[wgH$obeX)
VV V{ VmoZ W_m
VV V{ VmoZ oVrm
e{f$[moU [wobdX ^dpV$&
gd ([woeX)
gd gdm gd} W_m
gd_ gdm gdmZ oVrm
gd}U gdmm_ gd VVrm
gd_ gdmm_ gd} MVwWu
gd_mV gdmm_ gd} [m_r
gd gdm{ gd}fm_ fR>r
gdp_Z gdm{ gd}fw g_r
gd (robeX)
gdm gd} gdm W_m
gdm_ gd} gdm oVrm
gdm gdmm_ gdmo^ VVrm
gd gdmm_ gdm MVwWu
gdm gdmm_ gdm [m_r
179
gdm gdm{ gdmgm_ fR>r
gdm_ gdm{ gdmgw g_r
gd (Z[wgH$obeX)
gd_ gd} gdmoU W_m
gd_ gd} gdmoU oVrm
e{f [moU [wobdX ^dpV$&
A_X (_) gdZm_eX
Ah_ Amdm_ d_ W_m
_m_, _m Amdm_, Zm A_mZ, Z oVrm
_m Amdmm_ A_mo^ VVrm
__, _{ Amdmm_, Zm A__, Z MVwWu
_V Amdmm_ A_V [m_r
__, _{ Amdm{, Zm A_mH$_, Z fR>r
_o Amdm{ A_mgw g_r
w_X (Vy) gdZm_eX
d_ wdm_ y_ W_m
dm_, dm wdm_, dm_ w_mZ, d oVrm
dm wdmm_ w_mo^ VVrm
Vw_, V{ wdmm_, dm_ w__, d MVwWu
dV wdmm_ w_V [m_r
Vd, V{ wdm{ dm_ w_mH$_, d fR>r
do wdm{ w_mgw g_r
~~~~
180
YmVw $[moU
Xe = oea {jU{ (X{IZm) (bQ>bH$ma = dV_mZH$mb)
EH$dMZ_ odMZ_ ]hdMZ_
W_ [wf [oV [V [pV
__ [wf [og [W [W
Cm_ [wf [mo_ [md [m_
e = bLbH$ma (AZVZ^yVH$mb)
W_ [wf A[V A[Vm_ A[Z
__ [wf A[ A[V_ A[V
Cm_ [wf A[_ A[md A[m_
e = bQ>bH$ma (ôd
(ôd VH$mb)
W_ [wf oV V pV
__ [wf og W W
Cm_ [wf mo_ md m_
e = bm{Q>bH$ma (AmkmWH$)
W_ [wf [Vw [Vm_ [Vw
__ [wf [ [V_ [V
Cm_ [wf [moZ [md [m_
Xe = odoYobL (Amkm@W} od
od mW} M)
W_ [wf [{V [{Vm_ [{w
__ [wf [{ [{V_ [{V
Cm_ [wf [{_ [{d [{_
Z_ = (Z_H$ma H$aZm) (bQ>bH$ma -dV_mZH$mb)
W_ [wf Z_oV Z_V Z_pV
__ [wf Z_og Z_W Z_W
Cm_ [wf Z_mo_ Z_md Z_m_
Z_ (bLbH$ma-^yVH$mb)
W_ [wf AZ_V AZ_Vm_ AZ_Z
181
__ [wf AZ_ AZ_V_ AZ_V
Cm_ [wf AZ__ AZ_md AZ_m_
Z_ = (bQ> bH$ma-ôd
H$ma-ôd VH$mb)
W_ [wf ZoV ZV ZpV
__ [wf Zog ZW ZW
Cm_ [wf Zmo_ Zmd Zm_
Z_ = bm{Q>bH$ma
W_ [wf Z_Vw Z_Vm_ Z_Vw
__ [wf Z_ Z_V_ Z_V
Cm_ [wf Z_moZ Z_md Z_m_
Z_= odoYobL
W_ [wf Z_{V Z_{Vm_ Z_{w
__ [wf Z_{ Z_{V_ Z_{V
Cm_ [wf Z_{_ Z_{d Z_{_
^y= gmm
gmm m_ (hm{Zm) bQ>bH$ma
W_ [wf ^doV ^dV ^dpV
__ [wf ^dog ^dW ^dW
Cm_ [wf ^dmo_ ^dmd ^dm_
^y= bLb H$ma
W_ [wf A^dV A^dVm_ A^dZ
__ [wf A^d A^dV_ A^dV
Cm_ [wf A^d_ A^dmd A^dm_
^y= bQ>b H$ma
W_ [wf ôdoV ôdV ôdpV
__ [wf ôdog ôdW ôdW
Cm_ [wf ôdmo_ ôdmd ôdm_
^y= bm{Q> bH$ma
W_ [wf ^dVw ^dVm_ ^dVw
__ [wf ^d ^dV_ ^dV
182
Cm_ [wf ^dmoZ ^dmd ^dm_
^y= odoYobL>
W_ [wf ^d{V ^d{Vm_ ^dw
__ [wf ^d{ ^d{V_ ^d{V
Cm_ [wf ^d{_ ^d{d ^d{_
Wm = JoVoZdmm (H$Zm, R>haZm) bQ>bH$ma
W_ [wf oVR>oV oVR>V oVR>pV
__ [wf oVR>og oVR>W oVR>W
Cm_ [wf oVR>mo_ oVR>md oVR>m_
Wm = bLbH$ma
W_ [wf AoVR>V AoVR>Vm_ AoVR>Z
__ [wf AoVR> AoVR>V_ AoVR>V
Cm_ [wf AoVR>_ AoVR>md AoVR>m_
Wm = bQ>b H$ma
W_ [wf WmoV WmV WmpV
__ [wf Wmog WmW WmW
Cm_ [wf Wmmo_ Wmmd Wm_
Wm = bm{Q>bH$ma
W_ [wf oVR>Vw oVR>Vm_ oVR>Vw
__ [wf oVR> oVR>V_ oVR>V
Cm_ [wf oVR>moZ oVR>md oVR>m_
Wm = odoYobL
W_ [wf oVR>{V oVR>{Vm_ oVR>{w
__ [wf oVR>{ oVR>{V_ oVR>{V
Cm_ [wf oVR>{_ oVR>{d oVR>{_
[m = [mZ{ ([rZm) bQ>bH$ma
W_ [wf o[]oV o[]V o[]pV
__ [wf o[]og o[]W o[]W
Cm_ [wf o[]mo_ o[]md o[]m_
[m = bQ>bH$ma
183
W_ [wf [moV [mV [mpV
__ [wf [mog [mW [mW
Cm_ [wf [mmo_ [mmd [mm_
[m = bm{Q>bH$ma
W_ [wf o[]Vw o[]Vm_ o[]Vw
__ [wf o[] o[]V_ o[]V
Cm_ [wf o[]moZ o[]md o[]m_
[m= odoYobL
W_ [wf o[]{V o[]{Vm_ o[]{w
__ [wf o[]{ o[]{V_ o[]{V
Cm_ [wf o[]{_ o[]{d o[]{_
J_= Jb JVm (OmZm) bQ>bH$ma
W_ [wf JN>oV JN>V JN>pV
__ [wf JN>og JN>W JN>W
Cm_ [wf JN>mo_ JN>md JN>m_
J_ = bLbH$ma
W_ [wf AJN>V AJN>Vm_ AJN>Z
__ [wf AJN> AJN>V_ AJN>V
Cm_ [wf AJN>_ AJN>md AJN>m_
J_ = bQ>bH$ma
W_ [wf Jo_oV Jo_V Jo_pV
__ [wf Jo_og Jo_W Jo_W
Cm_ [wf Jo_mo_ Jo_md Jo_m_
J_= bm{Q>b H$ma
W_ [wf JN>Vw JN>Vm_ JN>Vw
__ [wf JN> JN>V_ JN>V
Cm_ [wf JN>moZ JN>md JN>m_
J_ = odoYobL>
W_ [wf JN>{V JN>{Vm_ JN>{w
__ [wf JN>{ JN>{V_ JN>{V
Cm_ [wf JN>{_ JN>{d JN>{_
184
[M= Sw>[Mf [mH{$ ([H$mZm) bQ>bH$ma
W_ [wf [MoV [MV [MpV
__ [wf [Mog [MW [MW
Cm_ [wf [Mmo_ [Mmd [Mm_
[M = bLbH$ma
W_ [wf A[MV A[MVm_ A[MZ
__ [wf A[M A[MV_ A[MV
Cm_ [wf A[M_ A[Mmd A[Mm_
[M= bQ>bH$ma
W_ [wf [oV [V [pV
__ [wf [og [W [W
Cm_ [wf [mo_ [md [m_
[M = bm{Q>bH$ma
W_ [wf [M{V [M{Vm_ [M{w
__ [wf [M{ [M{V_ [M{V
Cm_ [wf [M{_ [M{d [M{_
Zr= Urm m[U{ (b{ OmZm) bQ>bH$ma
W_ [wf ZoV ZV ZpV
__ [wf Zog ZW ZW
Cm_ [wf Zmo_ Zmd Zm_
Zr= bL> bH$ma
W_ [wf AZV AZVm_ AZZ
__ [wf AZ AZV_ AZV
Cm_ [wf AZ_ AZmd AZm_
Zr= bQ>b H$ma
W_ [wf Z{oV Z{V Z{pV
__ [wf Z{og Z{W Z{W
Cm_ [wf Z{mo_ Z{md Z{m_
Zr = bm{Q>bH$ma
W_ [wf ZVw ZVm_ ZVw
185
__ [wf Z ZV_ ZV
Cm_ [wf ZmoZ Zmd Zm_
Zr= odoYobL>
W_ [wf Z{V Z{Vm_ Z{w
__ [wf Z{ Z{V_ Z{V
Cm_ [wf Z{_ Z{d Z{_
[R>= Vm m dmoM ([T>Zm) bQ>bH$ma
W_ [wf [R>oV [R>V [R>pV
__ [wf [R>og [R>W [R>W
Cm_ [wf [R>mo_ [R>md [R>m_
[R> = bLbH$ma
W_ [wf A[R>V A[R>Vm_ A[R>Z
__ [wf A[R> A[R>V_ A[R>V
Cm_ [wf A[R>_ A[R>md A[R>m_
[R> = bQ>bH$ma
W_ [wf [oR>oV [oR>V [oR>pV
__ [wf [oR>og [oR>W [oR>W
Cm_ [wf [oR>mo_ [oR>md [oR>m_
[R> = bm{Q> bH$ma
W_ [wf [R>Vw [R>Vm_ [R>Vw
__ [wf [R> [R>V_ [R>V
Cm_ [wf [R>moZ [R>md [R>m_
[R> =odoYobL>
W_ [wf [R>{V [R>{Vm_ [R>{w
__ [wf [R>{ [R>{V_ [R>{V
Cm_ [wf [R>{ _ [R>d{ [R>_{
obI= Ajaod
Ajaod mg{ (obIZm) bQ>bH$ma
W_ [wf obIoV obIV obIpV
__ [wf obIog obIW obIW
Cm_ [wf obImo_ obImd obIm_
186
obI = bLbH$ma
W_ [wf AobIV AobIVm_ AobIZ
__ [wf AobI AobIV_ AobIV
Cm_ [wf AobI_ AobImd AobIm_
obI= bQ >b H$ma
W_ [wf b{oIoV b{oIV b{oIpV
__ [wf b{oIog b{oIW b{oIW
Cm_ [wf b{oImo_ b{oImd b{oIm_
obI = bm{ Q > b H$ma
W_ [wf obIVw obIVm_ obIVw
__ [wf obI obIV_ obIV
Cm_ [wf obImoZ obImd obIm_
obI = odoYobL>
W_ [wf obI{V obI{Vm_ obI{w
__ [wf obI{ obI{V_ obI{V
Cm_ [wf obI{_ obI{d obI{_
g{d= g{dm H$aZm bQ>bH$ma (dV_mZH$mb)
W_ [wf g{dV{ g{d{V{ g{dV{
__ [wf g{dg{ g{d{W{ g{dd{
Cm_ [wf g{d{ g{dmdh{ g{dm_h{
g{d = bLbH$ma (AZVZ^yVH$mb)
W_ [wf Ag{dV Ag{d{Vm_ Ag{dV
__ [wf Ag{dWm Ag{d{Wm_ Ag{dd_
Cm_ [wf Ag{d{ Ag{dmdoh Ag{dm_oh
g{d =bQ>bH$ma (ôd
(ôd VH$mb)
W_ [wf g{odV{ g{odV{ g{odV{
__ [wf g{odg{ g{odW{ g{odd{
Cm_ [wf g{od{ g{odmdh{ g{odm_h{
g{d = bm{Q>bH$ma (AmkmWH$)
W_ [wf g{dVm_ g{dV{ m_ g{dVm_
187
__ [wf g{dd g{d{Wm_ g{dd_
Cm_ [wf g{d g{dmdh g{dm_h
g{d = odoYobL
W_ [wf g{d{V g{d{mVm_ g{da{ Z
__ [wf g{d{Wm g{d{mWm_ g{d{ d_
Cm_ [wf g{d{ g{dd{ oh g{d_{ oh
mM = (_mJZm) bQ>bH$ma (Am_Z{[X_)
W_ [wf mMV{ mM{V{ mMV{
__ [wf mMg{ mM{W{ mMd{
Cm_ [wf mM{ mMmdh{ mMm_h{
mM= bLbH$ma
W_ [wf AmMV AmM{Vm_ AmMV
__ [wf AmMWm AmM{Wm_ AmMd_
Cm_ [wf AmM{ AmMmdoh AmMm_oh
mM= bQ> bH$ma
W_ [wf moMV{ moM{V{ moMV{
__ [wf moMg{ moM{W{ moMd{
Cm_ [wf moM{ moMmdh{ moMm_h{
mM= bm{ Q > bH$ma
W_ [wf mMVm_ mM{Vm_ mMVm_
__ [wf mMd mM{Wm_ mMd_
Cm_ [wf mM mMmdh mMm_h
mM= odoYobL
W_ [wf mM{V mM{mVm_ mM{aZ
__ [wf mM{Wm mM{mWm_ mM{d_
Cm_ [wf mM{ mM{doh mM{_oh
~~~~
188
AdH$memW mW Z m[_
g{dmm_,
lr_V YmZmMm_hm{Xm,
amOH$s dna.C[m.g.odmb,]J,
O[wa_$&
odf - AdH$mem
AdH$mem mW Z m[_ $ &
_hm{Xm !
godZ oZd{Xmo_ X Ah JVoXdgmV da{U [roS>Vm{@p_$& oMoH$gH$ [am_e}U Ah Jh{ Ed
oVR>mo_$& Amh odmb JVw_j_m{@p_$& AV AV ooXdgmZm H$V{ UmdH$me drH$ _m_ZwJhrpV
^dV$&
^dVm oe
am_M
H jm-Zd_r ']'
oXZm> - 7.2.10 AZwH$_m> 15

ew H$_w W mWZm[_
g{dmm_,
lr_V YmZmm[H$_hm{Xm,
amOH$s d{oeH$m g.odmb,am_qgh[wam
gmJmZ{a_
odf - ewH$_wW_ $&
_mdam !
godZ oZd{Xmo_ X Ah_ AVrdoZYZ[nadma ]mbH$m{@p_$& __ OZH$ ]r.[r.Eb. [YmaH$m{@pV$&
AVm{ _Xr ewH$_wpV H$dm _m_ZwJh rpV ^dV$&
^dVm oe
grVmam_
H jm-Zd_r 'A'
oXZm> - 7 OwbmB 10 AZwH$_m> 16
WmZmVaU_mU[m
WmZmVaU_mU[m W mWZm[_
g{dmm_,
lr_V mMm _hm{Xm
amOH$s dna.C[m.gH$V odmb, Zgram]mX
AO_{$&
189
odf - WmZmVaU_mU[ m
m W _ $ &
_mdam!
C[wVodfmVJV oZd{XZ_pV Z_m A odmb Zd_r H$jm g_wmrUm$& d{oeH$m H$jmm_
Ah dJm_{ Ed [oR>mo_$& AV Ed _ WmZmVaU _mU[ Xm AZwJVw ^dV$&
gmXa_ -
^dVm oe
ZrbH$R>
oXZm> 2 OwbmB 2010 H jm-d{oeH$m
~~~~
^m{ [_
Jm[waV
oXZm> -55 OZdar 2010
omZwO dra{ !
ew^merf$&
Ah Jm_mV gm{_dmga{ A AmJVdmZ$& Amh Hw$ebm{@o[ gZ ^ym{ ^y dm _amo_$& _m
[mR>[wVH$moZ H$sVmoZ$& H$oV[{fw oXdg{fw gm_mm{ ôdmo_$& AV N>mmdmg{ Wmmo_$& [nadma g_mMma
erK_d{ {f & _mVo[VMaU{fw _{ Um_m oZd{XZrm$& Z{ohb{ ew^merdmXm$&
VdmJO
oXbr[qgh

o[{ [_
_hm[wamV
oXZm> 7 OZdar 2010
[yo[VMaUmaodXm{,
__ eVe Um_m
Amh Hw $ ebm{ @ p_$& B e mZw H $[m ^dVm{ @ o[ V gmZXm ôdpV$& ^dVm { o fVmoZ
[meV$H moU A _m mmoZ & EV [arjm g[m{ ôdoV$& ^dVm{ oZX}emZwgma_ Edmh oVoXZ
_Zm{m{J[ydH _ AZ Hw$dZ Ap_$& [arjmZVa Jh_ AmJo_mo_$&
^dXmkmH$mar [w
_

190
o_m
o_m [_
gmJmZ{aZJamV
oXZm> 2 \ adar 2010
oo_ IJ{!
gZ{h Z_H$ma$&
oMaH$mbmZVa Vd [ m AVrd hf_ AZw^dmo_$& A{b_mg{ __ dmofH$s[arjm ôdoV$& goV
Vw gdmoU AmoZ H$mmoU odhm Ah_ AZ{ Ed gbZm{@p_$& [arjmdga{ Ah Jh_ AmJo_mo_$&
Jr_mdH$me{ d ZZrVmbZJa Qw> Jo_m_$& dmo[ A_mo^ gh JV &
{R>{m{ Z_, H$oZR>{M ew^merfm$&
Vd gwV
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~~~~
195
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196
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ij% day before yesterday ijlksa (Hkwr) (v)
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ikfyriq=k% broughtup son iksf"kr iq=k (iq)
firkeg% father's father nknk (iq)
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Lok;klaLFkk private company futh dEiuh (L=kh)
g% yesterday dy (Hkwrdky) (v)

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