COURSE OUTLINE IN

OBLIGATIONS AND CONTRACTS

(Atty. Elmer T. Rabuya)

BOOK IV
OBLIGATIONS AND CONTRACTS

Title I. OBLIGATIONS

CHAPTER I. GENERAL PROVISIONS

Textbook : Tolentino, Vol. IV & Obligations and Contracts by Jurado

Article 1156

1. Concept of Obligation
2. Essential Elements of Obligation
(see : Ang Yu Asuncion vs. CA, 238 SCRA 602)

3. Civil Obligation Distinguished From Natural Obligation

(see : Arts. 1423 1430, Civil Code)

3.1 Concept of Natural Obligation

3.2 Natural Obligation Distinguished From Civil Obligation
3.3 Natural Obligation Distinguish From Moral Obligation
3.4 Meaning of Voluntary Fulfillment (see Arts. 1956 and 1960, Civil Code)
3.5 Guaranty of Natural Obligations
See : Art. 2052, Civil Code

Article 1157

1. Sources of Obligations

Article 1158
Cases :
Leung Ben vs. OBrien, 38 Phil. 182
Pelayo vs. Lauron, 12 Phil. 453
Bautista vs. Borromeo, 35 SCRA 119
Manila Trading & Supply Co. vs. Saez, 66 Phil. 237
Dela Cruz vs. Northern Theatrical Enterprises, 50 O.G. 4225
Noel vs. CA, 240 SCRA 78

Article 1159
1. Definition of Contract : See Art. 1305.
2. Various Stages of Contract : see Ang Yu Asuncion vs. CA, 238 SCRA 602
3. As To Perfection
(a) Consensual Contract : See Art. 1315, CC
(b) Real Contracts : See Art. 1316, CC
(c) Solemn Contract : See Art. 1357, CC

4. Obligatory Force of Contract

Cases :
Ang Yu Asuncion vs. CA, 238 SCRA 602
Pichel vs. Alonzo, 111 SCRA 341
Allied Banking Corp. vs. CA, 284 SCRA 357
Intestate Estate of the Late Ricardo P. Presbiterio, Sr. vs. CA,
217 SCRA 372
Sangalang vs. IAC, Dec. 22, 1988
Article 1160

1. Concept of Quasi Contract : See Art. 2142-2143, CC

Cases:
Leung Ben vs. OBrien, 38 Phil. 182
Tangco vs. CA, 89 Phil. 395
Lao Chit vs. Security Bank and Trust Co., Inc., 105 Phil. 490
BPI vs. Pineda, 156 SCRA 404

2. Two Kinds of Quasi-Contract

(a) Negotiorum Gestio : see Arts. 2144 2153, CC

2. (a) (1) - Distinguished From Implied Agency.
2. (a) (2) - Art. 2144

Cases:
Adille vs. CA, 157 SCRA 455
Sison vs. Balgos, 34 Phil. 885
Rotea vs. Delupio, 67 Phil. 330

2. (a) (3) Art. 2145

Case:
MRR Co. Cia. Vs. Transatlantica, 38 Phil. 875
US vs. Lim, 36 Phil. 682

2. (a) (4) Art. 2149

Case:
Gutierrez Hermanos vs. Orense, 28 Phil. 571
(b) Solutio Indebiti : See Arts. 2154 2163

2. (b) (1) - Requisites of Solutio Indebiti

Cases:
Power Commercial & Industrial Corp. vs. CA, 274 SCRA 597
City of Cebu vs. Piccio, 110 Phil. 558
Velez vs. Balzarza, 73 Phil. 630

2. (b) (2) - Examples of Solutio Indebiti

Cases:

Aquinena and Co. vs. Muertequi, 32 Phil. 261

Velez vs. Balzarza, 73 Phil. 630
Puyat and Sons, Inc. vs. Sarmiento, L-17447, April 30, 1963
Andres vs. Manufacturers Hanover Trust Corp., 177 SCRA 618

2. (b) (3) - No Solutio Indebiti

Cases:
Monte de Piedad vs. Rodrigo, 63 Phil. 312
Manila Surety and Fidelity Co., Inc., l-9343, Dec. 29, 1959

2. (b) (4) - Art. 2155

Cases:
Gonzalo Puyat & Sons, Inc. vs. City of Manila, 117 Phil. 985
Globe Mackay Cable and Radio Corp. vs. NLRC, June 29, 1988

(c) Other Quasi-Contracts : Arts. 2164 2175

Article 1161

1. Civil Liability Arising From Criminal Offenses: See Arts. 100 - 103, Revised Penal Code

2. Basis of Civil Liability

Cases:
Banal vs. Tadeo, Jr., 156 SCRA 325
Occena vs. Icamina, 181 SCRA 328

3. Implied Institution of Civil Action.

Read : Sec. 1, Rule 111 of the 2000 Rules on Criminal Procedure

4. Dual Concept of Civil Liability
Cases:
Barredo vs. Garcia and Almario, 73 Phil. 607
Diana vs. Batangas Transportation Co., 93 Phil. 392
Elcano vs. Hill, 77 SCRA 93
Jarantilla vs. Court of Appeals, 171 SCRA 429

5. Two kinds of acquittal: (Manantan v. CA, 350 SCRA 387)

(A) Acquittal of the Accused Based on Reasonable Ground

(a) See: Art. 29, CC

(b) Cases :
Padilla vs. Court of Appeals, 129 SCRA 558
People vs. Jalandoni, 131 SCRA 454
Maximo vs. Gerochi, Jr., 144 SCRA 325
Castillo vs. CA, 176 SCRA 591
Heirs of the Late Teodoro Guaring, jr. vs. CA, 269 SCRA 283

(B) Acquittal Based on Ground That Accused Not Author of Act or Omission
(a) See: Sec. 2, Rule 111 of the 2000 Rule on Criminal Procedure
(b) Cases: Manliclic v. Calaunan, 512 SCRA 642 (2007)
Ching v. Nicdao, G.R. No. 141181, April 27, 2007

6. Effect of Death of Accused During Pendency of Appeal

Cases:
People vs. Bayotas, 236 SCRA 239
Villegas vs. Court of Appeals, 271 SCRA 148

Article 1162

1. Concept of Quasi-delict
see : Art. 2176, CC

2. Elements of Quasi-delict

Cases:
Taylor vs. Manila Electric Co., 16 Phil. 8
Philippine Bank of Commerce vs. CA, 269 SCRA 695

3. Culpa Aquiliana Distinguished From Culpa Contractual

Case:
Rakes vs. Atlantic Gulf & Pac. Co., 7 Phil. 395
Cangco vs. Manila Railroad Co., 33 Phil. 768
De Guia vs. Manila Electric Co., 40 Phil. 706
Gutierrez vs. Gutierrez, 56 Phil. 177

4. Culpa Aquiliana Distinguish From Culpa Criminal

Cases:
Barredo vs. Garcia and Almario, 73 Phil. 607
Elcano vs. Hill, 77 SCRA 98

5. Scope of Quasi-delicts

(a) Quasi-Delict and Delict.

Cases:
Barredo vs. Garcia and Almario, 73 Phil. 607
Elcano vs. Hill, 77 SCRA 98
Diana vs. Batangas Transportation Co., 93 Phil. 392

(b) Quasi-Delict and Breach of Contract

Cases;
Air France vs. Carrascoso, 18 SCRA 155, Sept. 28, 1966
Singson vs. BPI, 23 SCRA 1117
LRTA v. Natividad, G.R. No. 145804, Feb. 6, 2003

6. Prohibition Against Double Recovery

See: Art. 2177, CC

Cases:
Diana vs. Batangas Transportation Co., 93 Phil. 391
Tactaquin vs. Palileo, 21 SCRA 346
Tactaquin vs. Palileo, 21 SCRA 1433
Jocaon vs. Glorioso, 22 SCRA 316
Padua vs. Robles, 66 SCRA 485
Virata vs. Ochoa, 81 SCRA 472
Mendoza vs. La Mallorca Bus Co., 82 SCRA 243
Mendoza vs. Arrieta, 91 SCRA 113
Joseph vs. Bautista, 170 SCRA 540
Jarantilla vs. CA, 171 SCRA 429
Imson vs. CA, 239 SCRA 58