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Problemas Con Motores PDF
Problemas Con Motores PDF
General Concept
Speed Control
SCR Drives
Switched-mode DC Drives
Advantages of DC motor:
Ease of control
Deliver high starting torque
Near-linear performance
Disadvantages:
High maintenance
Large and expensive (compared to induction
motor)
Not suitable for high-speed operation due to
commutator and brushes
Not suitable in explosive or very clean
environment
ia, Ia if, If
+
La Lf
+
vf, If
va, Va
Ra Rf
+ J
Eg
TL
Td
B
Sometimes it is written as :
Td = K tia
Va = I a Ra + E g = I a Ra + K vI f
V I R 500 0.8(1)
Kv I f = a a a = = 0.48
1040
Va = I a Ra + K vI f
V I R 250 0.8(1)
= a a a = = 519 rev/min
Kv I f 0.48
(Note : in reality, this equation strictly rad/sec)
base
Base speed:base
the speed which correspond to the rated Va, rated Ia
and rated If.
ia
ia
TORQUE
va Te eg va
eg
ia = +; Te = + ia = +; Te = +
va = ; = A va = +; = +
D
REVERSE FORWARD
GENERATING 4 1 MOTORING
SPEED
m
REVERSE FORWARD
MOTORING 3 2 GENERATING
ia ia
B
C
eg va eg va
ia = ; Te = ia = ; Te =
va = ; m= va = + ; m= +
Switched-mode drive
Using switched mode DC-DC converter. Dc
voltage is varied by duty cycle.
Mainly used for low to medium power range.
Single-quadrant converter (buck): 1- quadrant
Half bridge: 2-quadrant
Full bridge: 4-quadrant operation
Control
and M
Speed SCR
reference firing
Current
Current sensor T Tachometer
Speed
Mains operated.
Slow response.
Ta1 Ra Tf1
Ta3 Lf Tf3
+ +
+ +
vs Vf vs
Va La
_ _
Lf
+
Ta4 Ta2 E Tf2 Tf4
g
ARMATURE FIELD
Field voltage :
2Vm
Vf = cos f
Power Electronics and 19
Drives (Version 3-2003):
Dr. Zainal Salam, UTMJB
Basic three-phase drive
I If
Ta1
a
_ van +
Ta3 +
+
Ra Lf
_ vbn
Ta5
n + Vf
_ vcn + La
Ta2 Va Lf
+
Ta6
Eg
Ta4
ARMATURE FIELD
Armature voltage :
3Vm, L L
Va = cos a
60 200
= cos 1 2 + 2 .5 2
2 2 240V 2 .5 60
= 62.32 o
E g = 387.3V
and
Va = E g + I a Ra = 387.3 + 30 0.3 = 378.3V
Also,
3Vm, L L
Va = cos a
Va (378.5)
a = cos 1 = cos 1
3Vm, L L 3 3 2 240
= 132.4 o
Power Electronics and 23
Drives (Version 3-2003):
Dr. Zainal Salam, UTMJB
Reversal
DC motor in inherently bi-directional. Hence no-
problem to reverse the direction. It can be a motor
or generator.
CONTACTOR
2
Vs FIELD
1
Va Eg Va Eg Va Eg
Principle of reversal
Vs
FIELD
Practical circuit
ia Torque ( ia )
a)
Q4 Q1
(va)
Q3 Q2
Torque
T1 D1 Q4 Q1
Q3
Q2
+
T2 va
D2
T1 T3
D1 + va D3
D4 D2 T2
T4
Torque
Q4 Q1
Q3
Q2
T1 T3
D1 + va D3
D4 D2 T2
T4
T1 T3
D1 + va D3
D4 D2 T2
T4
T1 T3
D1 + va D3
D4 D2 T2
T4
T1 T3
D1 + va D3
D4 D2 T2
T4