3.

4 VSWR Location

3.4.1 Principle

When a base station is installed, usually the passive components including the
jumper, lightning protector, combiner, feeder, TMA, and antenna cause high
VSWR alarms. For a base station and the antenna system, see Figure 3-1.
However, the location where high VSWR occurs cannot be accurately
determined on site be due to lack of VSWR test instruments. Thus, to fix the
VSWR problem, the RRU is replaced in most cases, causing many normal RRUs
being returned for repair unexpectedly, affecting customer satisfaction severely.
The Sitemaster tool can scan and locate VSWR alarms, but cannot be used for
all sties because of high costs. Therefore, its better for the RRU to support
VSWR locating.

This feature locates the VSWR alarms raised from the cables between a base
station and the antenna system when the base station is deployed in the network.
This feature supports remote fault locating to clear VSRW alarms caused by
RRUs, decrease the repair rate of RRUs, and obtain the position relationship
between a VSWR value and a PA distance, instructing engineers to solve
problems quickly. This feature can effectively decrease the labor cost during
network deployment, network planning and network optimization, speed up
network delivery, and improve network quality and customer satisfaction.